CN1060441C - 汽车的整体轴悬架 - Google Patents

汽车的整体轴悬架 Download PDF

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CN1060441C
CN1060441C CN96190634A CN96190634A CN1060441C CN 1060441 C CN1060441 C CN 1060441C CN 96190634 A CN96190634 A CN 96190634A CN 96190634 A CN96190634 A CN 96190634A CN 1060441 C CN1060441 C CN 1060441C
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longitudinal oscillation
bar
stabilizer rod
automobile
oscillation bar
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CN1163591A (zh
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R·布尔
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Zf Fu Erde LLC
ZF Lemfoerder GmbH
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • B60G21/051—Trailing arm twist beam axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • B60G21/055—Stabiliser bars
    • B60G21/0551—Mounting means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/02—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle or housing being pivotally mounted on the vehicle, e.g. the pivotal axis being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • B60G9/027—Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle or housing being pivotally mounted on the vehicle, e.g. the pivotal axis being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the axle having either a triangular, a "T" or "U" shape and being directly articulated with the chassis only by its middle apex, e.g. De Dion suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/20—Semi-rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/21—Trailing arms connected by a torsional beam, i.e. twist-beam axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/20—Semi-rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/22—Trailing arms connected by a straight torsion bar
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/314—Rigid axle suspensions with longitudinally arranged arms articulated on the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/314—Rigid axle suspensions with longitudinally arranged arms articulated on the axle
    • B60G2200/315—Rigid axle suspensions with longitudinally arranged arms articulated on the axle at least one of the arms having an A or V shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/13—Torsion spring
    • B60G2202/135—Stabiliser bar and/or tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/13—Torsion spring
    • B60G2202/136—Twist-beam type arrangement
    • B60G2202/1362—Twist-beam type arrangement including a second torsional element, e.g. second beam, stabiliser bar or tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
    • B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/122—Mounting of torsion springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/122—Mounting of torsion springs
    • B60G2204/1226—Mounting of torsion springs on the trailing arms of a twist beam type arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/414—Cardan joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/121—Constructional features of arms the arm having an H or X-shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/20—Constructional features of semi-rigid axles, e.g. twist beam type axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/20—Constructional features of semi-rigid axles, e.g. twist beam type axles
    • B60G2206/201—Constructional features of semi-rigid axles, e.g. twist beam type axles with detachable cross beam and/or torsion stabiliser bar/tube

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于汽车、尤其是载重汽车中的整体轴悬架，其中，在汽车每一侧大约相同的高度上至少设置一个沿汽车纵向延伸的、将汽车轴与汽车车身可垂直运动地连接的车轮纵向摆动杆(2，3)，和一个与车轮纵向摆动杆处于不同高度上的、一端铰接在汽车轴(1)的中心上而另一端从侧面错开地铰接在汽车车身上的三角导向杆(4)，以及一个稳定杆(6)，该稳定杆由一个通过扭应力抵制侧面摆动的扭力杆构成。在这个轴悬架中，稳定杆(6)直接设置在车轮纵向摆动杆(2，3)之间，并且它的端部是万向接头结构，但不可转动地与车轮纵向摆动杆(2，3)相连接。

Description

汽车的整体轴悬架
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于汽车、尤其是载重汽车中的整体轴悬架。
公知的轴悬架是由一种轴导向机构和一种在俯视图上看大多数为U形的稳定杆构成的，轴导向机构包括在汽车两侧安装的车轮纵向摆动杆以及一个三角导向杆，车轮纵向摆动杆的一端铰接在汽车轴上，另一端铰接在汽车车身上，三角导向杆的一端在汽车的中心通过一个中央铰接头大多固定在汽车轴上，另一端通过它的两个牵杆的端部铰接在汽车车身上；稳定杆的两个弯曲的杆端相互间以一定的间距固定在汽车车身上并可以进行有限的万向接头式的运动，它的杆身部分支撑在至少两个位于汽车轴上的稳定杆轴承中并可围绕一个相对于汽车纵向的横向轴运动。
本发明的目的是提供一种更简单的、所占空间小和成本低的这种结构的轴悬架。
这个目的是由权利要求1的前序部分所述的一种轴导向机构通过权利要求1中的结构特征得到解决的。
通过这些结构特征实现了用于轴导向的部件和用于使汽车车身相对于汽车轴横向稳定的部件之间的一种整体结合。稳定杆直接设置在用于轴导向的车轮纵向摆动杆之间，并且通过本身公知的摩擦小的支承部件不可转动地但在汽车纵向的横向上是可以万向接头式运动地与这些车轮纵向摆动杆相连接。本发明的结构的一个特殊优点在于，可以在应用汽车车身和汽车轴上现存的支承部件的条件下用本发明的轴悬架替换已经装入的轴悬架部件。
不再需要设置用于支承稳定杆的单独的结构空间，取消了稳定杆在汽车轴和汽车车身上的支承部件，因此相对于公知的结构而言，本发明的轴悬架的成本要低，因为它具有较少的单独部件，要求较少的装配工作。此外，它还有功能上的优点，稳定杆可以采用直杆，从而使生产成本降低。在一个优选实施例中，设计成扭杆的稳定杆的两个端部分别至少在两个位置处地与车轮纵向摆动杆相连接，但相对于汽车纵向可运动，从而一方面稳定杆与车轮纵向摆动杆形成一种不可转动的连接，但另一方面又实现了能在汽车的横向上进行足够的运动的结构。将稳定杆设置在用于轴导向的车轮纵向摆动杆之间的位置可以是在汽车轴上的车轮纵向摆动杆的铰接点和汽车车身上的车轮纵向摆动杆的铰接点之间的任何位置处。但也可以是稳定杆与用于轴导向的车轮纵向摆动杆之间的连接的一种组合，此时，它们的支承位于汽车轴上。
附图中示出了本发明的一些实施例，其中，
图1是一个第一实施例的俯视图，
图2是图1的一个侧视图，
图3是另一个实施例的俯视图，
图4是图3的一个侧视图。
在附图所示的实施例中，汽车轴1在汽车两侧距汽车的纵向中心一个很大的距离处通过车轮纵向摆动杆2和3、在汽车中心处通过一个沿高度位置上错开安置的三角导向杆4与在图中为了更好地看图而没有示出的汽车车身相连接。车轮纵向摆动杆2和3与整体轴1和汽车车身的铰接连接以及三角导向杆4的两个牵杆的自由端的铰接是万向节结构的，以便能使汽车轴1相对于汽车车身进行扭转。三角导向杆4通过中心铰接头5固定在汽车轴1的中心上。
在图1和2中所示的实施例中，一个稳定杆6设置在车轮纵向摆动杆2和3之间，它的两个端部分别与两个车轮纵向摆动杆2和3中的一个不可转动地但可以沿汽车的纵向进行有限运动地连接。这种情况在图1和2中所示的实施例中是通过车轮纵向摆动杆上的稳定杆的端部连接在两个相互有一定间距的位置7和8上而实现的，其中这种连接是可以万向节方式地运动的，以便能进行平衡运动。为了铰接，最好采用径向铰接头结构的球接头。在本实施例中所示的是稳定杆6的结构布置和它与车轮纵向摆动杆2和3在没有示出的汽车车身上的两个车轮纵向摆动杆2和3的铰接点9的附近相连接的情况。
在图3和4中所示的实施例示出了一种变型，其中，稳定杆6安置在车轮纵向摆动杆2和3的另两个端部的铰接点10的附近处的汽车轴1上。在这个实施例中，稳定杆6的端部以一种多边形横截面型面可万向运动地***到车轮纵向摆动杆2和3的一个互补的凹槽中，从而构成一种不可转动的连接。

Claims (4)

1．用于汽车、特别是载重汽车刚性轴的轴悬架，其中在汽车的每一侧大约在相同的高度上至少设置一个沿汽车纵向延伸的、将汽车轴(1)垂直活动地与汽车车身连接的纵向摆动杆(2，3)；在与该纵向摆动杆不同的高度上设置三角导向杆(4)，它们的一端固定在汽车轴的中心上，另一端从侧面交错地铰接在汽车车身上；以及一个稳定杆(6)，稳定杆制为通过扭应力起反作用的侧面摆动的扭力弹簧杆；稳定杆(6)直接设置在纵向摆动杆(2或3)之间，其两个端部万向地、但不可扭转地与纵向摆动杆(2或3)连接，其特征在于，在相互相隔一定距离(7，8)之处的两个纵向摆动杆(2或3)上，通过制为径向铰接点的球接头获得稳定杆(6)的端部与纵向摆动杆(2或3)之间的连接。
2．按照权利要求1的轴悬架，其特征在于，稳定杆(6)的端部在车身上纵向摆动杆(2或3)的各一个铰接点(9)附近与纵向摆动杆连接。
3．用于汽车、特别是载重汽车刚性轴的轴悬架，其中在汽车的每一侧大约在相同的高度上至少设置一个沿汽车纵向延伸的、将汽车轴(1)垂直活动地与汽车车身连接的纵向摆动杆(2，3)；在与该纵向摆动杆不同的高度上设置三角导向杆(4)，它们的一端固定在汽车轴的中心上，另一端从侧面交错地铰接在汽车车身上；以及一个稳定杆(6)，稳定杆制为通过扭应力起反作用的侧面摆动的扭力弹簧杆；稳定杆(6)直接设置在纵向摆动杆(2或3)之间，其两个端部万向地、但不可扭转地与纵向摆动杆(2或3)连接，其特征在于，稳定杆(6)的端部具有多边形横截面型面，为将稳定杆(6)的端部与纵向摆动杆(2或3)连接，该型面不可扭转地，然而可万向活动地楔入纵向摆动杆的互补凹槽中。
4．按照权利要求3的轴悬架，其特征在于，稳定杆(6)的端部在汽车轴(1)的纵向摆动杆(2或3)的各一铰接点(10)附近与纵向摆动杆连接。
CN96190634A 1995-06-16 1996-05-31 汽车的整体轴悬架 Expired - Fee Related CN1060441C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19521875.2 1995-06-16
DE19521875A DE19521875C2 (de) 1995-06-16 1995-06-16 Achsaufhängung für Starrachsen in Fahrzeugen

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CN1163591A CN1163591A (zh) 1997-10-29
CN1060441C true CN1060441C (zh) 2001-01-10

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US (1) US5711544A (zh)
EP (2) EP0945289B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3881693B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1060441C (zh)
BR (1) BR9606445A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ290731B6 (zh)
DE (3) DE19521875C2 (zh)
ES (2) ES2160247T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1002856A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997000177A1 (zh)

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WO1997000177A1 (de) 1997-01-03
US5711544A (en) 1998-01-27
DE19521875A1 (de) 1996-12-19
BR9606445A (pt) 1997-12-23
DE19521875C2 (de) 2002-04-18
ES2160247T3 (es) 2001-11-01
CZ290731B6 (cs) 2002-10-16
EP0945289A3 (de) 2000-02-23
JP3881693B2 (ja) 2007-02-14
HK1002856A1 (en) 1998-09-25
EP0945289A2 (de) 1999-09-29
EP0783415B1 (de) 2001-07-18
CZ320796A3 (en) 1997-05-14
CN1163591A (zh) 1997-10-29
DE59607312D1 (de) 2001-08-23
EP0783415A1 (de) 1997-07-16
DE59609196D1 (de) 2002-06-13
ES2175878T3 (es) 2002-11-16
EP0945289B1 (de) 2002-05-08

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