CN106034598B - A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation - Google Patents
A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of konjaku, and in particular to a kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation.Healthy seed taro including selecting 10-20g, with 22~28cm of line-spacing, 40~45cm of spacing in the rows, in the wide 1.2-1.8m of moisture surface, the high 22-28cm in ridge is sowed on the planting site of furrow width 28-35cm, when sowing, seed taro bud eye is put upward, then covers the shallow soil of 5~10cm thickness；After konjaku sows the 1-2 month, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occur, is that 30cm is transplanted to the null between konjaku and konjaku with spacing in the rows, every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds.Marigold provided by the invention is low with konjaku method for interplanting cultivation soft rot disease incidence, good in economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of konjaku, and in particular to a kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation.
Background technique
Konjaku You Cheng Amorphophalus rivieri, bennet lotus, are the general names of Araeceae Amorphophallus.Konjaku is full of nutrition, and edible value is high.Its
Rich in the nutriments such as Glucomannan, pectin, alkaloid, starch and 17 kinds of amino acid in stem tuber, acid that can be extra in balanced body,
Have hypoglycemic, reducing blood lipid, decompression, dissipate poison, beauty treatment, promote blood circulation, lose weight, defaecation, whet the appetite the effect of.In addition, konjaku also have it is good
Good medical value, it is presently found uniquely largely containing the plant of Glucomannan, and Glucomannan is the good of diabetes
Ancillary drug, can the gentle slow weight-reducing of pre- preventing obesity, be widely used in food, medicine, weaving, cosmetics, oil field.
The main edible form of konjaku is konjaku powder, however, the annual output of China's konjaku powder is only 1.5 ten thousand tons of left sides
The right side, supply wretched insufficiency.To find out its cause, being since during konjak cultivation, disease and continuous cropping are two hang-ups.Konjak cultivation
It is required that planting site soil bulky is fertile, quality is loose, draining is ventilative good, organic matter is abundant and preceding stubble do not planted konjaku,
The Solanaceaes such as vegetables, flue-cured tobacco, potato, radish and brassicaceous vegetable class crop；Climatic environment sternly avoids high temperature, strong light and frost.
So being the rational density for guaranteeing the plantation of konjaku next year when planting konjaku, when current year plants, planting density must be more sparse, this
It will lead to the waste in soil and illumination resource；And excessively dilute planting density and preferable soil fertility and illumination condition, it can cause
Weed growth is vigorous, and artificial weeding can generate a large amount of working hour expense；And the konjaku of current year plantation will arrive second year and could dig receipts, when
Year, farmer did not had economic benefit.In addition, net kind or there is no antagonism to disease with Crop Intercroppings such as corn and soybeans, it is soft
Maize ear rot disease incidence is high, and the economic benefit that will cause corn and soybean is low.
Chinese invention patent application publication number CN101946600A discloses a kind of konjaku two-year system no-tillage ridge culture cultivation skill
Art, cultural method are as follows: konjaku cultivate within 2 years, and can be interplanted with corn or sorghum, although this method can really improve soil
Earth tilth, however, it is found through experiment that, konjaku and seeding corn and other crops intercrop do not have antagonism, soft rot disease incidence to disease
Height, and the economic benefit that will cause corn is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of marigolds that soft rot disease incidence is low, good in economic efficiency
With konjaku method for interplanting cultivation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, include the following steps: site preparation, nursery, plantation, fertilising, pest and disease damage
Prevention and treatment, field management, harvesting；
The method for planting are as follows: the healthy seed taro of 10~20g of selection, with 40~45cm of line-spacing, 22~28cm of spacing in the rows, in moisture in the soil
Wide 1.2~the 1.8m in face, the high 22~28cm in ridge are sowed on the planting site of 28~35cm of furrow width, and when sowing, seed taro bud eye is upward
It puts, then covers the shallow soil of 5~10cm thickness；
After konjaku is sowed 1~2 month, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occurs, be with spacing in the rows
30cm is transplanted to the null between konjaku and konjaku, and every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds.
Further, during marigold and konjaku interplanting cultivation, using following fertilizing method:
Before konjaku sowing, planting site applies base fertilizer 2000kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 40-60kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre；
Late June and each top dressing mid-August are primary, the former dose is the high potassium of 25kg sulfuric acid potassium content >=48% per acre
Compound fertilizer, the latter's dose are 18~22kg ternary compound fertilizer per acre.
Further, during marigold and konjaku interplanting cultivation, using following pest control method:
Konjak soft rot, southern blight: being eliminating for 1:1.8~3.5:200 rotten net, konjaku spirit and water mixed liquid with mixed proportion
Pouring root or foliage-spray；
Marigold virosis: with the viral prestige of 50 times of liquid 60% and 120~150 times of liquid 80% that mixed proportion is 4~4.5:3
Octicin solution mixed liquor is prevented and treated；
Wilt disease: it is prevented and treated at least one of 75% Bravo, 40% carbendazim, 70% thiophanate methyl；
Insect pest disease: it is sprayed with 80 times of 90% metrifonate crystal of liquid or is mixed soil with Furadan and spread fertilizer over the fields.
Further, the marigold after transplanting buddings branching stage, takes earth culture in plant base portion from furrow.
Further, during marigold and konjaku interplanting cultivation, using fine day weeding, while top dressing ridging is carried out.
Further, in marigold and konjaku interplanting recovery process, first flower of marigold carries out when completely open
Picking, is picked in batches later；The marigold straw in situ that flower has been picked in selection fine day extraction is covered in moisture surface, protects konjaku
Safe overwintering is simultaneously supplied fertilizer source for the growth of next year konjaku；It chooses fine day and digs receipts konjaku mid-November next year.
Further, the mixed proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 18:5:7 in the ternary compound fertilizer.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: marigolds provided by the invention can be effectively reduced with konjaku method for interplanting cultivation it is soft
Maize ear rot incidence improves land utilization ratio, to increase economic benefit: the Substance generated due to marigold rhizosphere
Konjak soft rot evil can be effectively reduced, so can greatly improve Amorphophallus Yield after making between marigold and konjaku.Simultaneously because magic
The short Characters of Plant Type of taro has avoided growing space, the marigold of full-bloom stage obtain sufficient illumination and reduce wilt disease,
The diseases possibility occurrence such as virosis improves flower quality and yield, while improving unit land utilization efficiency, increases plantation
Family income.
In addition, this method can also improve bio-diversity, labor intensity and time are reduced, improves labour productive forces, is improved
Farmland ecological environment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with implementation of the invention
Example, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Those of ordinary skill's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, include the following steps:
Site preparation: it deep ploughed at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February to pre- plantation plot, shine soil, thin upturned soil, with the wide ridging of the moisture surface of 1.5m, ridge is high
25cm, furrow width 30cm reduce konjaku disease in favor of draining；
Fertilising: planting site applies base fertilizer 2000kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 40-60kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre；
Plantation: the excellent variety of selected suitable local cultivation, mode of appearance is that bulb is full, and terminal bud is scarlet sturdy, and nothing
Disease, the seed taro without wound, individually focus on the annual breeding of 10~20g；With 40~45cm of line-spacing, 22~28cm of spacing in the rows is broadcast
Kind, when sowing, paying attention to handling with care when putting taro kind, bud eye is put upward, and seed taro bud eye is put upward, then cover 5~
The shallow soil of 10cm thickness；
Nursery: it selects the fine day of mid or late Febuary to sow marigold seeds, broadcasts rear earthing 0.8cm, keep the reasonable water of soil
Part, about emerge after a week；After konjaku is sowed 1.5 months, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occur, with
Spacing in the rows is that 30cm is transplanted to the null between konjaku and konjaku, and every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds.
Integrated pest prevention and control:
Southern blight: being eliminating for 1:1.8:200 rotten net, konjaku spirit and water mixed liquid pouring root or foliage-spray with mixed proportion；
Marigold virosis: mixed with the viral prestige of 50 times of liquid 60% that mixed proportion is 4.5:3 and 150 times of 80% octicin solutions of liquid
Liquid is closed to be prevented and treated；
Wilt disease: it is prevented and treated with 75% Bravo；
Insect pest disease: it is sprayed with 80 times of 90% metrifonate crystal of liquid；
7~August rainwater is more, is the peak period of konjaku morbidity, during which it is noted that dredging ditch water discharge, guarantees that water route is unimpeded, together
When remove and diseased plant and disinfect；
Field management:
Weeding combines weeding based on manually pulling out while carrying out top dressing ridging, and never rainy day or early morning enter before the dew is dried
Field operation；
, there is a small amount of branch as 25~30cm of height of seedling and takes earth culture in plant from furrow in shallowly hoe soil moisture conservation after marigold transplant survival
Strain base portion prevents plant from lodging to inspire adventitious root；
Late June and mid-August carry out top dressing, the former dose is 25kg high potassium compound fertilizer (potassium content >=48% per acre
Potassium sulfate), the latter's dose is 20kg ternary compound fertilizer (N:P:K=18:5:7) per acre；
Harvesting: in marigold and konjaku interplanting recovery process, first flower of marigold is picked when completely open,
It picks in batches later；The marigold straw in situ that flower has been picked in selection fine day extraction is covered in moisture surface, protection konjaku safety
It is overwintering and for next year konjaku growth supply fertilizer source；Mid-November next year, choose fine day dig receive konjaku, the stem tuber of harvesting by size into
Row sorting, with large bamboo or wicker basket or mesh bag packed and transported.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, include the following steps:
Site preparation: deep ploughed at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February to pre- plantation plot, shine soil, it is thin turn up soil, with the wide ridging of the moisture surface of 1.2-1.8m,
The high 22-28cm in ridge, furrow width 28-35cm reduce konjaku disease in favor of draining；
Fertilising: planting site applies base fertilizer 2000kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 40-60kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre；
Plantation: the excellent variety of selected suitable local cultivation, mode of appearance is that bulb is full, and terminal bud is scarlet sturdy, and nothing
Disease, the seed taro without wound, individually focus on the annual breeding of 10~20g；With 40~45cm of line-spacing, 22~28cm of spacing in the rows is broadcast
Kind, when sowing, paying attention to handling with care when putting taro kind, bud eye is put upward, and seed taro bud eye is put upward, then cover 5~
The shallow soil of 10cm thickness；
Nursery: it selects the fine day of mid or late Febuary to sow marigold seeds, broadcasts rear earthing 0.8cm, keep the reasonable water of soil
Part, about emerge after a week；After konjaku is sowed 2 months, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occur, with strain
Away from transplanting for 30cm to the null between konjaku and konjaku, every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds.
Integrated pest prevention and control:
Southern blight: being eliminating for 1:3.5:200 rotten net, konjaku spirit and water mixed liquid pouring root or foliage-spray with mixed proportion；
Marigold virosis: with the viral prestige of 50 times of liquid 60% that mixed proportion is 4:3 and 120 times of 80% octicin solution of liquid mixing
Liquid is prevented and treated；
Wilt disease: it is prevented and treated with 40% carbendazim；
Insect pest disease: soil is mixed with Furadan and is spread fertilizer over the fields；
7~August rainwater is more, is the peak period of konjaku morbidity, during which it is noted that dredging ditch water discharge, guarantees that water route is unimpeded, together
When remove and diseased plant and disinfect；
Field management:
Weeding combines weeding based on manually pulling out while carrying out top dressing ridging, and never rainy day or early morning enter before the dew is dried
Field operation；
, there is a small amount of branch as 25~30cm of height of seedling and takes earth culture in plant from furrow in shallowly hoe soil moisture conservation after marigold transplant survival
Strain base portion prevents plant from lodging to inspire adventitious root；
Late June and mid-August carry out top dressing, the former dose is 25kg high potassium compound fertilizer (potassium content >=48% per acre
Potassium sulfate), the latter's dose is 20kg ternary compound fertilizer (N:P:K=18:5:7) per acre；
Harvesting: in marigold and konjaku interplanting recovery process, first flower of marigold is picked when completely open,
It picks in batches later；The marigold straw in situ that flower has been picked in selection fine day extraction is covered in moisture surface, protection konjaku safety
It is overwintering and for next year konjaku growth supply fertilizer source；Mid-November next year, choose fine day dig receive konjaku, the stem tuber of harvesting by size into
Row sorting, with large bamboo or wicker basket or mesh bag packed and transported.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, include the following steps:
Site preparation: deep ploughed at the beginning of 3 months by the end of February to pre- plantation plot, shine soil, it is thin turn up soil, with the wide ridging of the moisture surface of 1.2-1.8m,
The high 22-28cm in ridge, furrow width 28-35cm reduce konjaku disease in favor of draining；
Fertilising: planting site applies base fertilizer 2000kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 40-60kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre；
Plantation: the excellent variety of selected suitable local cultivation, mode of appearance is that bulb is full, and terminal bud is scarlet sturdy, and nothing
Disease, the seed taro without wound, individually focus on the annual breeding of 10~20g；With 40~45cm of line-spacing, 22~28cm of spacing in the rows is broadcast
Kind, when sowing, paying attention to handling with care when putting taro kind, bud eye is put upward, and seed taro bud eye is put upward, then cover 5~
The shallow soil of 10cm thickness；
Nursery: it selects the fine day of mid or late Febuary to sow marigold seeds, broadcasts rear earthing 0.8cm, keep the reasonable water of soil
Part, about emerge after a week；After konjaku sows January, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occur, with strain
Away from transplanting for 30cm to the null between konjaku and konjaku, every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds；
Integrated pest prevention and control:
Southern blight: being eliminating for 1:2.5:200 rotten net, konjaku spirit and water mixed liquid pouring root or foliage-spray with mixed proportion；
Marigold virosis: with the viral prestige of 50 times of liquid 60% and 120-150 times of 80% bacterium of liquid that mixed proportion is 4.2:3
Clear mixed liquor is prevented and treated；
Wilt disease: it is prevented and treated at least one of 75% Bravo, 40% carbendazim, 70% thiophanate methyl；
Insect pest disease: it is sprayed with 80 times of 90% metrifonate crystal of liquid；
7~August rainwater is more, is the peak period of konjaku morbidity, during which it is noted that dredging ditch water discharge, guarantees that water route is unimpeded, together
When remove and diseased plant and disinfect；
Field management:
Weeding combines weeding based on manually pulling out while carrying out top dressing ridging, and never rainy day or early morning enter before the dew is dried
Field operation；
, there is a small amount of branch as 25~30cm of height of seedling and takes earth culture in plant from furrow in shallowly hoe soil moisture conservation after marigold transplant survival
Strain base portion prevents plant from lodging to inspire adventitious root；
Late June and mid-August carry out top dressing, the former dose is 25kg high potassium compound fertilizer (potassium content >=48% per acre
Potassium sulfate), the latter's dose is 20kg ternary compound fertilizer (N:P:K=18:5:7) per acre；
Harvesting: in marigold and konjaku interplanting recovery process, first flower of marigold is picked when completely open,
It picks in batches later；The marigold straw in situ that flower has been picked in selection fine day extraction is covered in moisture surface, protection konjaku safety
It is overwintering and for next year konjaku growth supply fertilizer source；Mid-November next year, choose fine day dig receive konjaku, the stem tuber of harvesting by size into
Row sorting, with large bamboo or wicker basket or mesh bag packed and transported.
After being planted using marigold provided by the invention and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, following economic benefit is generated:
(1) economic benefit: make marigold per mu yield between marigold and konjaku up to 1.2 tons or so, market price 1.5 is pressed after picking
Member/kilogram, 1800 yuan of income can be obtained per acre in the case where current year konjaku does not have economic benefit.Interplant marigold
Yield 30% or so can be improved because reducing disease incidence in konjaku.
(2) ecological benefits: making between marigold and konjaku, takes full advantage of soil space and illumination, excellent using biological competition
Gesture drives away weeds, reduces the weeding labour cost in later period konjaku plot.Marigold root rhizosphere secreta is natural fungicide, can be effective
Kill except growing unfavorable harmful pathogen to konjaku.It is raw conducive to konjaku to be also used as organic fertilizer resource for marigold stalk simultaneously
It is long, improve Amorphophallus Yield.
(3) Landscape benefit: marigold flower is big and bright-coloured, and the florescence is long, bold and unrestrained and ardent, is formed between konjaku yellow together
Green alternate scenery, beautifies the environment, and is the relatively good model of Developing Sightseeing agricultural and tourist agriculture.
The present invention in production practice, makees using between marigold and konjaku, inhibits evil spirit using marigold root rhizosphere secreta matter
Taro soft rot disease makes full use of soil space and soil fertility to improve marigold using its biological competition Predominant control weeds
Yield and quality, while improve unit land use effect and increase farmer's economic benefit.A large amount of marigold stalk is made
It is manured into soil for organic fertilizer and cultivates improved soil through marigold, because the antagonism of biology, can effectively prevent
Konjak soft rot.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of marigold and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, which comprises the steps of: site preparation nursery, is planted, applied
Fertilizer, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field management, harvesting；
The method for planting are as follows: the healthy seed taro of 10~20g of selection, it is wide in moisture surface with 40~45cm of line-spacing, 22~28cm of spacing in the rows
1.2~1.8m, the high 22~28cm in ridge are sowed on the planting site of 28~35cm of furrow width, and when sowing, seed taro bud eye is put upward
It puts, then covers the shallow soil of 5~10cm thickness；
After konjaku is sowed 1~2 month, the marigold seedling of 3~4 pairs of true leaves, 15~20cm plant height will occur, is 30cm shifting with spacing in the rows
It plants to the null between konjaku and konjaku, every moisture in the soil transplants 2 row marigolds；
During marigold and konjaku interplanting cultivation, using following fertilizing method:
Before konjaku sowing, planting site applies base fertilizer 2000kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 40-60kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per acre；
Late June and each top dressing mid-August are primary, the former dose is that the high potassium of 25kg sulfuric acid potassium content >=48% per acre is compound
Fertilizer, the latter's dose are 18~22kg ternary compound fertilizer per acre；
During marigold and konjaku interplanting cultivation, using following pest control method:
Konjak soft rot, southern blight: being eliminating for 1:1.8~3.5:200 rotten net, konjaku spirit and water mixed liquid pouring root with mixed proportion
Or foliage-spray；
Marigold virosis: with the viral prestige of 50 times of liquid 60% and 120~150 times of 80% bacteriums of liquid that mixed proportion is 4~4.5:3
Clear mixed liquor is prevented and treated；
Wilt disease: it is prevented and treated at least one of 75% Bravo, 40% carbendazim, 70% thiophanate methyl；
Insect pest disease: it is sprayed with 80 times of 90% metrifonate crystal of liquid or is mixed soil with Furadan and spread fertilizer over the fields.
2. marigold as described in claim 1 and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, which is characterized in that the marigold after transplanting is existing
Flower bud branching stage takes earth culture in plant base portion from furrow.
3. marigold as described in claim 1 and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, which is characterized in that interplanted in marigold and konjaku
In cultivation, using fine day weeding, while top dressing ridging is carried out.
4. marigold as described in claim 1 and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, which is characterized in that interplanted in marigold and konjaku
In recovery process, first flower of marigold is picked when completely open, is picked in batches later；Fine day extraction is chosen to have picked
The marigold straw in situ of complete flower is covered in moisture surface, protects konjaku safe overwintering and supplies fertilizer source for the growth of next year konjaku；It is secondary
It chooses fine day and digs receipts konjaku mid-November in year.
5. marigold as described in claim 1 and konjaku method for interplanting cultivation, which is characterized in that nitrogen in the ternary compound fertilizer
The mixed proportion of fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is 18:5:7.
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| CN105493824A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Multi-cropping interplanting cultivation method for Konjak |
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| CN101946600A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2011-01-19 | 云南省农科院富源魔芋研究所 | Two-year no-tillage ridge cultivation technique for konjacs |
| CN103404343A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Processing method for shortening rotation cycle of panaxnotoginseng |
| CN103493662A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-08 | 竹溪县仙草绞股蓝专业合作社 | Gynostemma pentaphylla and konjak interplanting method |
| CN105493824A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 竹溪县雨润特色种养家庭农场 | Multi-cropping interplanting cultivation method for Konjak |
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