CN105970100B - A kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105970100B CN105970100B CN201610348103.6A CN201610348103A CN105970100B CN 105970100 B CN105970100 B CN 105970100B CN 201610348103 A CN201610348103 A CN 201610348103A CN 105970100 B CN105970100 B CN 105970100B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
Abstract
The invention belongs to semi-hard magnetic alloy technical field, more particularly to a kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature and preparation method thereof.The chemical composition of the alloy is expressed as by mass percentage：Co 47.5~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe；Cast using melting → it is prepared by vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging → Technology for Heating Processing step.Alloy of the present invention is on the premise of high saturated magnetic induction is kept, with suitable coercivity and mechanical property, it is adaptable to make highly sensitive hysteresis machine rotor, stator.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to semi-hard magnetic alloy technical field, more particularly to a kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
Hysteresis machine has the advantages that to operate steadily, simple in construction, noise is low, lightweight, starting current is small, in recording
It is widely used in the mechanical, electrical synchronous drive device depending on equipment, recording apparatus, gyro and other automated systems.Semi-hard magnetic alloy
It is usually used in making hysteresis motor rotor, its performance quality determines the performance of hysteresis machine.
It is near to wait atomic ratio ferrocobalt after ordering treatment, with high-curie temperature, high saturated magnetic induction, Gao Ci
The distinguishing feature such as conductance and low-loss, occupies critical positions in magnetic alloy.But, it is near to wait atomic ratio ferrocobalt ordering
Fragility is big afterwards, processing difficulties.By adding alloying element, the processing characteristics of ferrocobalt can be improved, its plasticity and toughness, example are improved
The Permendur alloys (similar domestic trade mark 1J22) of 2% vanadium are such as added, on the premise of alloy drawability is greatly improved,
Only minor way alloy saturation induction density.Content of vanadium (more than 10%) is further added, alloy magnetic property changes to Hard Magnetic,
I.e. saturation induction density is reduced, coercivity increase, such as domestic fe-Co-V permanent magnetic alloy 2J31,2J32 etc..The country it is conventional half
Magnetically hard alloy mainly has《GB/T 14988-2008 magnetic hysteresis alloys》The alloys such as defined 2J4,2J7,2J21, its maximum saturation magnetic
Induction is respectively less than 1.8T, and coercivity is more than 2000A/m.One kind does not meet saturation in domestic and international existing semi-hard magnetic alloy
Magnetic induction intensity is in 1.8~2.1T, and coercivity is in 760~1000A/m alloy, and this performance of alloy fill of the present invention is empty
In vain.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature, and the chemical composition of the alloy is by mass percentage
It is expressed as：Co 47.5~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn
＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe.
The alloy is prepared using melting casting → vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging → Technology for Heating Processing step.
The alloy possesses the combination of following magnetic property and mechanical property in room temperature~200 DEG C：The room temperature B of alloy2400Greatly
In 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000For 800~950A/m, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；In 200 DEG C of alloys
When room temperature B2400More than 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, coercivity H8000For 790~900A/m.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature, and this method includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) raw material prepares
Prepare alloy raw material according to following alloying component proportioning：The chemical composition of alloy is expressed as by mass percentage：Co
47.5~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜
0.05%th, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe；
(2) melting is cast
Using vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition is uniformly cast into electrode bar afterwards；
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, further degassing simultaneously refines folder
Debris size；
(4) cogging is forged
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, less than 600 DEG C loading forge furnaces, 150~200 DEG C/h of heating rate, at 1140 ± 10 DEG C
Cogging after being incubated 60~90 minutes, specification bar needed for being forged into；
(5) it is heat-treated
Forging rod is machined to finished product, carries out vacuum heat, and 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5~7 hours.
In the step (2), fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, is directly placed into Fe, Co, Ni as once charging
Sweet pot；Vacuum induction batch hopper is put into using V, Nb as secondary charging, is refined 2~10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, it
Molten steel is cast into consutrode rod in the vacuum chamber of vaccum sensitive stove afterwards.
In the step (5), forging rod is incubated 1~2 hour before vacuum heat at 850~900 DEG C, carries out cryosel
Quench, then turnery processing.
After vacuum heat, obtaining, there is high saturation magnet steel to answer the matrix of intensity and the face of about 1~3vol% contents
Heterogeneous structure of the heart cube without magnetic γ phases.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
It is contemplated that being matched by adjusting alloying element, 0.5~3.5% Ni, 0.1~0.8% are added in the alloy
Nb, by suitable Technology for Heating Processing, obtaining, there is high saturation magnet steel to answer the matrix of intensity and the face of about 1~3vol% contents
Heterogeneous structure of the heart cube without magnetic γ phases, makes material keep high-saturation magnetic induction strong in certain temperature range (room temperature~200 DEG C)
On the premise of degree, with suitable coercivity and mechanical property, it is adaptable to make highly sensitive hysteresis machine rotor, stator.
In the present invention, the room temperature B of alloy2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000For 800~950A/
M, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；In the room temperature B of 200 DEG C of alloys2400More than 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, coercivity H8000
For 790~900A/m；Alloy material has good magnetic and mechanical property, is with a wide range of applications.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
The chemical composition of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature of the present invention is expressed as by mass percentage：Co
47.5~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜
0.05%th, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe.
Alloys producing and alloy design considerations are as follows：
V：Alloy quenching state plasticity, cold-workability are improved, 2% content has minor way to alloy saturation induction density,
Increasing its content then reduces alloy saturation induction density, increases coercivity；
Ni：Appropriate addition, by separating out γ phases, suppresses crystal grain and grows up, thinning microstructure, but can increase coercivity；
Nb：Strengthen crystal boundary, crystal grain thinning improves alloy strength
Si、Mn：Its content is controlled below 0.1%；
C、P、S：Impurity element, C, P, S content is more low better.
The semi-hard magnetic alloy is prepared using following processing step：Melting casting → vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging →
Heat treatment.
The preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material prepares：Prepare alloy raw material according to alloying component proportioning in table 1.
The high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy composition of table 1
(2) melting is cast
Using vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition is uniformly cast into electrode bar afterwards.
Fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, the scaling loss amount of strict control alloying element, makes the Composition Control of alloy exist
Within scope of design.
Wherein, Fe, Co, Ni are directly placed into sweet pot as once charging；V, Nb are put into vaccum sensitive stove as secondary charging
Hopper, refines 2~10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, molten steel is cast into consumable in the vacuum chamber of vaccum sensitive stove afterwards
Electrode bar.
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, further degassing simultaneously refines folder
Debris size.
(4) cogging is forged
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, less than 600 DEG C loading forge furnaces, 150~200 DEG C/h of heating rate, at 1140 ± 10 DEG C
Cogging after being incubated 60~90 minutes, specification bar needed for being forged into；
(5) it is heat-treated
Forging rod can be machined directly into after finished product, carry out vacuum heat, and 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5~7 hours；For the ease of
Product is machined, and also can be incubated 1~2 hour at 850~900 DEG C, after cryosel quenching, carries out turnery processing, and final finished is carried out
Vacuum heat, 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5~7 hours.After above-mentioned 680 ± 10 DEG C of vacuum heats, it can obtain with high saturation
Magnet steel answers the matrix of intensity and heterogeneous structure of the face-centered cubic without magnetic γ phases of about 1~3vol% contents.
High saturated magnetic induction semi-hard magnetic alloy of the present invention, is in Fe-Co systems high saturated magnetic induction magnetic
Property alloy on the basis of add appropriate V, Ni and micro Nb elements, have in wider temperature range (room temperature~200 DEG C)
Have high saturated magnetic induction, moderate coercivity and mechanical property.
Embodiment
Chemical analysis results using four embodiment alloys of vacuum induction melting are as shown in table 2：
The chemical composition (mass percent %) of the molten alloy of table 2
The processing technology that mentioned component alloy is used is consistent：Vacuum induction melting electrode bar → vacuum consumable remelting → strips off the skin
1140 DEG C of forging → heat treatment turnery processing Φ 45mm rods afterwards.
The magnetic of Ni, V, Nb the alloying Fe-Co base high saturated magnetic induction semi-hard magnetic alloys prepared by above-mentioned technique
Property, mechanical property are shown in Table 3, alloy room temperature B2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000For 800
~950A/m, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；200 DEG C of alloys room temperature B2400More than 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, rectify
Stupid power Hc8000For 790~900A/m；Alloy material has good magnetic and mechanical property, is with a wide range of applications.
Table 3Fe-Co-Ni-V-Nb alloys magnetic, mechanical property
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature, it is characterised in that：The chemical composition of the alloy is by mass percentage
It is expressed as：Co 47.5~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn
＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe.
2. the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alloy is using molten
Casting → vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging → Technology for Heating Processing step is refined to prepare.
3. the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alloy is in room temperature
~200 DEG C possess following magnetic property and mechanical property combination：The room temperature B of alloy2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, rectify
Stupid power Hc8000For 800~950A/m, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；The B of alloy at 200 DEG C2400More than 1.60T, B8000Greatly
In 1.85T, coercivity H8000For 790~900A/m.
4. a kind of preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of the operation at high temperature prepared described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
This method comprises the following steps：
(1) raw material prepares
Prepare alloy raw material according to following alloying component proportioning：The chemical composition of alloy is expressed as by mass percentage：Co 47.5
~51.0%, Ni 0.5~3.5%, V 1.0~2.5%, Nb 0.1~0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜
0.05%th, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe；
(2) melting is cast
Using vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition is uniformly cast into electrode bar afterwards；
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, further degassing simultaneously refines field trash
Size；
(4) cogging is forged
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, less than 600 DEG C loading forge furnaces, 150~200 DEG C/h of heating rate, in 1140 ± 10 DEG C of insulations
Cogging after 60~90 minutes, specification bar needed for being forged into；
(5) it is heat-treated
Forging rod is machined to finished product, carries out vacuum heat, and 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5~7 hours.
5. the preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step (2), fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, crucible is directly placed into using Fe, Co, Ni as once charging；By V, Nb
Vacuum induction batch hopper is put into as secondary charging, is refined 2~10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, afterwards in vacuum induction
Molten steel is cast into consutrode rod by the vacuum chamber of stove.
6. the preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It is described
In step (5), forging rod is incubated 1~2 hour before vacuum heat at 850~900 DEG C, carries out cryosel quenching, then turning
Processing.
7. the preparation method of the high saturation semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Through true
After sky heat treatment, the face-centered cubic of the matrix with high saturated magnetic induction and 1~3vol% contents is obtained without magnetic γ phases
Heterogeneous structure.
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| CN106702214B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-06-05 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of electro-slag re-melting method of high magnetic permeability and low-coercivity magnetically soft alloy |
| CN110129535A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-16 | 陕西新精特钢研精密合金有限公司 | A kind of high intensity 1J22 bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110975877B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-09-21 | 华南理工大学 | Quenching modification method for improving electrocatalytic performance of metal oxide, prepared metal oxide electrocatalyst and application |
| CN111455222A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | FeCoVZr soft magnetic alloy with excellent high-temperature performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850349B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-09-17 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Hot processing method of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy |
| CN112662951A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Precise alloy material for permanent magnet motor and preparation process thereof |
| CN114717460A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-08 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1033078A (en) * | 1987-11-07 | 1989-05-24 | 首都钢铁公司冶金研究所 | The hysteresis machine internal rotor manufacture method of Ferro Manganese |
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| CN104195404A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 钢铁研究总院 | Wide-temperature-range high-strength constant-elasticity alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105296863A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-03 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Half-hard magnetic alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58117858A (en) * | 1981-12-07 | 1983-07-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Semihard magnetic alloy |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1033078A (en) * | 1987-11-07 | 1989-05-24 | 首都钢铁公司冶金研究所 | The hysteresis machine internal rotor manufacture method of Ferro Manganese |
| CN101572144A (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2009-11-04 | 北京科源科金属材料有限公司 | High-plasticity complex phase structure semi-hard magnetic alloy for anti-theft magnetic stripe and method for preparing thin strip thereof |
| CN104195404A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 钢铁研究总院 | Wide-temperature-range high-strength constant-elasticity alloy and preparation method thereof |
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