CN105970100A - High-usage-temperature high-saturation semihard magnetic alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-usage-temperature high-saturation semihard magnetic alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105970100A CN105970100A CN201610348103.6A CN201610348103A CN105970100A CN 105970100 A CN105970100 A CN 105970100A CN 201610348103 A CN201610348103 A CN 201610348103A CN 105970100 A CN105970100 A CN 105970100A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of semihard magnetic alloy, and particularly relates to high-usage-temperature high-saturation semihard magnetic alloy and a preparation method thereof. Chemical components of the alloy comprise, by mass, 47.5-51.0% of Co, 0.5-3.5% of Ni, 1.0-2.5% of V, 0.1-0.8% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.1% of Si, less than or equal to 0.1% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05% of C, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, less than or equal to 0.02% of S and the balance Fe. The alloy is prepared through the processing steps of smelting and casting, vacuum consumable remelting, billet forming and heat treatment. The alloy has proper coercive force and mechanical performance on the premise that the high saturation magnetic induction intensity of the alloy is maintained, and the alloy is suitable for manufacturing of rotors and stators for high-sensitivity hysteresis motors.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to semi-hard magnetic alloy technical field, satisfy particularly to a kind of operation at high temperature height
With semi-hard magnetic alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Hysteresis machine have operate steadily, simple in construction, noise are low, lightweight, starting current
The advantage such as little, in recorder, television equipment, recording apparatus, gyro and other automated systems
Synchronous drive device in be widely used.Semi-hard magnetic alloy is usually used in making hysteresis motor rotor,
Its performance quality determines the serviceability of hysteresis machine.
Near wait atomic ratio ferrocobalt after ordering treatment, there is high-curie temperature, high saturated
The distinguishing features such as magnetic induction, high magnetic permeability and low-loss, occupy important in magnetic alloy
Position.But, after closely waiting atomic ratio ferrocobalt ordering, fragility is big, processing difficulties.Pass through
Add alloying element, the processing characteristics of ferrocobalt can be improved, improve its plasticity and toughness, such as
Add the Permendur alloy (similar domestic trade mark 1J22) of 2% vanadium, alloy is being greatly improved
On the premise of drawability, only minor way alloy saturation induction density.Add vanadium further
Content (more than 10%), alloy magnetic property changes to Hard Magnetic, i.e. saturation induction density reduces,
Coercivity increases, such as domestic fe-Co-V permanent magnetic alloy 2J31,2J32 etc..Domestic conventional semihard
Magnetic alloy mainly has the 2J4 that " GB/T 14988-2008 magnetic hysteresis alloy " specifies, 2J7,2J21
Deng alloy, its maximum saturation magnetic induction is respectively less than 1.8T, and coercivity is more than 2000A/m.
In domestic and international existing semi-hard magnetic alloy, not one does not meets saturation induction density 1.8～2.1T,
Coercivity 760～1000A/m alloy, this performance of alloy fill of the present invention is blank.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of a kind of operation at high temperature.
It is a further object to provide the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of a kind of operation at high temperature
Preparation method.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that
The present invention provides a kind of operation at high temperature high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy, the chemistry one-tenth of this alloy
Point it is expressed as by mass percentage: Co 47.5～51.0%, Ni 0.5～3.5%, V 1.0～2.5%,
Nb 0.1～0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%,
Surplus is Fe.
Described alloy uses melting casting → vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging → Technology for Heating Processing
Prepared by step.
Described alloy possesses the combination of following magnetic property and mechanical property room temperature～200 DEG C: alloy
Room temperature B2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000It is 800～950A/m,
Tensile strength is more than 600MPa；Room temperature B when 200 DEG C of alloys2400More than 1.60T, B8000
More than 1.85T, coercivity H8000It is 790～900A/m.
The present invention provides the preparation method of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of a kind of operation at high temperature, the party
Method comprises the steps:
(1) raw material prepares
Alloy raw material is prepared: the chemical composition of alloy presses quality hundred according to following alloying component proportioning
Proportion by subtraction is expressed as: Co 47.5～51.0%, Ni 0.5～3.5%, V 1.0～2.5%, Nb 0.1～0.8%,
Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe；
(2) melting casting
Use vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition uniformly waters afterwards
Cast electrode bar；
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, enters one
Step degassing also refines inclusion size；
(4) cogging forging
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, load forge furnaces less than 600 DEG C, heating rate 150～200 DEG C/little
Time, cogging after being incubated 60～90 minutes at 1140 ± 10 DEG C, it is forged into required specification bar；
(5) heat treatment
Forging rod is machined to finished product, carries out vacuum heat, and 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5～7 hours.
In described step (2), fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, by Fe, Co, Ni
It is directly placed into sweet pot as once charging；V, Nb are put into vaccum sensitive stove as secondary charging
Hopper, refine 2～10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, afterwards in the vacuum of vaccum sensitive stove
Molten steel is cast into consutrode rod by room.
In described step (5), forging rod before vacuum heat, 850～900 DEG C insulation 1～
2 hours, carry out cryosel quenching, then turnery processing.
After vacuum heat, it is thus achieved that there is high saturated magnet steel and answer the matrix and about of intensity
The face-centered cubic of 1～3vol% content is without the heterogeneous structure of magnetic γ phase.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
It is contemplated that by adjusting alloying element proportioning, add 0.5～the Ni of 3.5% in the alloy,
0.1～the Nb of 0.8%, by suitable Technology for Heating Processing, it is thus achieved that there is high saturated magnet steel and answer intensity
Matrix and about 1～the face-centered cubic of 3vol% content without the heterogeneous structure of magnetic γ phase, make material one
On the premise of fixed temperature scope (room temperature～200 DEG C) keeps high saturated magnetic induction, there is conjunction
Suitable coercivity and mechanical property, it is adaptable to make highly sensitive hysteresis machine rotor, stator.
In the present invention, room temperature B of alloy2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity
Hc8000Being 800～950A/m, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；Room temperature at 200 DEG C of alloys
B2400More than 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, coercivity H8000It is 790～900A/m；Close
Gold copper-base alloy has good magnetic and mechanical property, is with a wide range of applications.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
The chemical composition of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of the operation at high temperature of the present invention is by mass percentage
It is expressed as: Co 47.5～51.0%, Ni 0.5～3.5%, V 1.0～2.5%, Nb 0.1～0.8%, Si
＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe.
Alloys producing and alloy design considerations are as follows:
V: improving alloy quenching state plasticity, cold-workability, 2% content is to alloy saturation induction
Intensity has minor way, increases its content and then reduces alloy saturation induction density, increases coercive
Power；
Ni: add in right amount, by separating out γ phase, inhibiting grain growth, thinning microstructure, but
Coercivity can be increased；
Nb: strengthening crystal boundary, crystal grain thinning, improve alloy strength
Si, Mn: control its content below 0.1%；
C, P, S: impurity element, C, P, S content is the lowest more good.
Described semi-hard magnetic alloy uses following processing step to prepare: melting casting → vacuum consumable weight
Molten → cogging forging → heat treatment.
The preparation method of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of the operation at high temperature of the present invention, including walking as follows
Rapid:
(1) raw material prepares: prepare alloy raw material according to alloying component proportioning in table 1.
The high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy composition of table 1
(2) melting casting
Use vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition uniformly waters afterwards
Cast electrode bar.
Fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, the strict scaling loss amount controlling alloying element, make conjunction
The Composition Control of gold is within scope of design.
Wherein, Fe, Co, Ni are directly placed into sweet pot as once charging；V, Nb are as secondary
Vacuum induction batch hopper is put in charging, refine 2～10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, afterwards
At the vacuum chamber of vaccum sensitive stove, molten steel is cast into consutrode rod.
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, enters one
Step degassing also refines inclusion size.
(4) cogging forging
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, less than 600 DEG C load forge furnaces, heating rate 150～200 DEG C/h,
Cogging after being incubated 60～90 minutes at 1140 ± 10 DEG C, is forged into required specification bar；
(5) heat treatment
After forging rod can be machined directly into finished product, carry out vacuum heat, 680 ± 10 DEG C of insulations 5～7
Hour；Machine for the ease of product, it is possible to being incubated 1～2 hour at 850～900 DEG C, cryosel is quenched
After fire, carrying out turnery processing, final finished carries out vacuum heat, 680 ± 10 DEG C of insulations 5～7
Hour.After above-mentioned 680 ± 10 DEG C of vacuum heat, can obtain and there is high saturated magnet steel answer intensity
Matrix and about 1～the face-centered cubic of 3vol% content without the heterogeneous structure of magnetic γ phase.
The high saturated magnetic induction semi-hard magnetic alloy that the present invention relates to, is high full in Fe-Co system
With the Nb unit adding appropriate V, Ni and trace on the basis of magnetic induction magnetic alloy
Element, has high saturated magnetic induction, moderate in wider temperature range (room temperature～200 DEG C)
Coercivity and mechanical property.
Embodiment
Use chemical analysis results such as table 2 institute of four embodiment alloys of vacuum induction melting
Show:
The chemical composition (mass percent %) of table 2 molten alloy
The processing technique that mentioned component alloy uses is consistent: vacuum induction melting electrode bar → vacuum
Consumable remelting → strip off the skin rear 1140 DEG C of forging → heat treatment turnery processing Φ 45mm rod.
Ni, V, Nb alloying Fe-Co base high-saturation magnetic induction prepared through above-mentioned technique is strong
The degree magnetic of semi-hard magnetic alloy, mechanical property are shown in Table 3, alloy room temperature B2400It is more than
1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000Being 800～950A/m, tensile strength is more than
600MPa；200 DEG C of alloys room temperature B2400More than 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, rectify
Stupid power Hc8000It is 790～900A/m；Alloy material has good magnetic and mechanical property, tool
Have wide practical use.
Table 3Fe-Co-Ni-V-Nb alloy magnetic, mechanical property
Claims (7)
1. the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature, it is characterised in that: the change of this alloy
Study and point be expressed as by mass percentage: Co 47.5～51.0%, Ni 0.5～3.5%, V 1.0～2.5%,
Nb 0.1～0.8%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%,
Surplus is Fe.
The high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: described alloy uses melting casting → vacuum consumable remelting → cogging forging → heat treatment work
Prepared by skill step.
The high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature the most according to claim 1, its feature
It is: described alloy possesses the combination of following magnetic property and mechanical property room temperature～200 DEG C: close
Room temperature B of gold2400More than 1.65T, B8000More than 1.90T, coercivity H8000For
800～950A/m, tensile strength is more than 600MPa；Room temperature B when 200 DEG C of alloys2400Greatly
In 1.60T, B8000More than 1.85T, coercivity H8000It is 790～900A/m.
4. the system of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of the operation at high temperature that a kind is prepared described in claim 1
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the steps:
(1) raw material prepares
Alloy raw material is prepared: the chemical composition of alloy presses quality hundred according to following alloying component proportioning
Proportion by subtraction is expressed as: Co 47.5～51.0%, Ni 0.5～3.5%, V 1.0～2.5%, Nb 0.1～0.8%,
Si ＜ 0.1%, Mn ＜ 0.1%, C ＜ 0.05%, P ＜ 0.02%, S ＜ 0.02%, surplus is Fe；
(2) melting casting
Use vacuum induction melting alloy, treat that alloy melts completely and composition uniformly waters afterwards
Cast electrode bar；
(3) vacuum consumable remelting
Consutrode rod is through vacuum consumable remelting, fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-2Pa, enters one
Step degassing also refines inclusion size；
(4) cogging forging
After consumable ingot strips off the skin, load forge furnaces less than 600 DEG C, heating rate 150～200 DEG C/little
Time, cogging after being incubated 60～90 minutes at 1140 ± 10 DEG C, it is forged into required specification bar；
(5) heat treatment
Forging rod is machined to finished product, carries out vacuum heat, and 680 ± 10 DEG C are incubated 5～7 hours.
The preparation side of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature the most according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that: in described step (2), fusion process vacuum≤1 × 10-1Pa, will
Fe, Co, Ni are directly placed into sweet pot as once charging；V, Nb are put into as secondary charging
Vacuum induction batch hopper, refine 2～10 minutes after all raw materialization is clear, afterwards in vacuum sense
Molten steel is cast into consutrode rod by the vacuum chamber answering stove.
The preparation side of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature the most according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that: in described step (5), forging rod is before vacuum heat, 850
～900 DEG C be incubated 1～2 hour, carry out cryosel quenching, then turnery processing.
The preparation side of the high saturated semi-hard magnetic alloy of operation at high temperature the most according to claim 4
Method, it is characterised in that: after vacuum heat, it is thus achieved that there is high saturated magnet steel and answer intensity
Matrix and about 1～the face-centered cubic of 3vol% content without the heterogeneous structure of magnetic γ phase.
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Cited By (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106702214A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-24 | 河南工程学院 | Electroslag re-melting process for soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic conductivity and low coercive force |
| CN110129535A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-16 | 陕西新精特钢研精密合金有限公司 | A kind of high intensity 1J22 bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110975877A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 华南理工大学 | Quenching modification method for improving electrocatalytic performance of metal oxide, prepared metal oxide electrocatalyst and application |
| CN111455222A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | FeCoVZr soft magnetic alloy with excellent high-temperature performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850349A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Hot processing method of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy |
| CN112662951A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Precise alloy material for permanent magnet motor and preparation process thereof |
| CN114717460A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-08 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104195404A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 钢铁研究总院 | Wide-temperature-range high-strength constant-elasticity alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106702214A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-24 | 河南工程学院 | Electroslag re-melting process for soft magnetic alloy with high magnetic conductivity and low coercive force |
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| CN110129535A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-16 | 陕西新精特钢研精密合金有限公司 | A kind of high intensity 1J22 bar and preparation method thereof |
| CN110975877A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 华南理工大学 | Quenching modification method for improving electrocatalytic performance of metal oxide, prepared metal oxide electrocatalyst and application |
| CN110975877B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-09-21 | 华南理工大学 | Quenching modification method for improving electrocatalytic performance of metal oxide, prepared metal oxide electrocatalyst and application |
| CN111455222A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-28 | 钢铁研究总院 | FeCoVZr soft magnetic alloy with excellent high-temperature performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN111850349A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Hot processing method of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy |
| CN111850349B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-09-17 | 北京北冶功能材料有限公司 | Hot processing method of cobalt-based high-temperature alloy |
| CN112662951A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Precise alloy material for permanent magnet motor and preparation process thereof |
| CN114717460A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-07-08 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength iron-cobalt soft magnetic alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
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