CN105961914A - Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof - Google Patents
Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105961914A CN105961914A CN201610318077.2A CN201610318077A CN105961914A CN 105961914 A CN105961914 A CN 105961914A CN 201610318077 A CN201610318077 A CN 201610318077A CN 105961914 A CN105961914 A CN 105961914A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- threadfin
- vitamin
- feed
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 241001522629 Eleutheronema tetradactylum Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- -1 butyl hydroxy Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004288 Sodium dehydroacetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940079839 sodium dehydroacetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019259 sodium dehydroacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M sodium;(1e)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxopyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C([O-])=C1/C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000791841 Alectis ciliaris Species 0.000 claims description 67
- 235000013360 fish flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- OXWRXONHMTWKHV-WCCKRBBISA-N (2s)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;cobalt Chemical compound [Co].CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O OXWRXONHMTWKHV-WCCKRBBISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000003595 Aurantiochytrium limacinum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186016 Bifidobacterium bifidum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]I(=O)=O JLKDVMWYMMLWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001230 potassium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006666 potassium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940093930 potassium iodate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LGGKLHHIIOOPKS-WCCKRBBISA-N (2s)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoic acid;zinc Chemical class [Zn].CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O LGGKLHHIIOOPKS-WCCKRBBISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004001 inositols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 18
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108010080981 3-phytase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000480037 Argyrosomus japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010082495 Dietary Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001417968 Polynemidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003471 Vitamin B2 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019790 abdominal distention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000433 anti-nutritional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VVYPIVJZLVJPGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O VVYPIVJZLVJPGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940011405 cupric glycinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003736 gastrointestinal content Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940004916 magnesium glycinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AACACXATQSKRQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-aminoacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O AACACXATQSKRQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001071 malnutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000824 malnutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012711 vitamin K3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940110280 zinc methionine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L zinc;(2s)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O.CSCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O CNMFGFBWPBBGKX-SCGRZTRASA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of steamed fish meal, 20 to 25 parts of fermented peanut meal, 10 to 15 parts of soy protein concentrate, 10 to 15 parts of hemalbumin powder, 10 to 15 parts of puffed corn flour, 3 to 8 parts of sodium alginate, 5 to 10 parts of vital gluten, 1 to 3 parts of soya bean lecithin, 3 to 6 parts of deep sea fish oil, 3 to 5 parts of animal bone meal, 0.2 to 0.4 part of sodium dehydroacetate, 0.2 to 0.4 part of butyl hydroxy anisd, 0.3 to 0.6 part of decavitamin, 0.4 to 0.8 part of composite mineral, 1 to 3 parts of composite phagostimulant, 0.5 to 1 part of complex enzyme preparation, and 0.5 to 1 part of compound microorganism preparation. The eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed provided by the invention is reasonable in formula, balanced in nutrition, low in fish meal content, good in palatability, good in attractant effect, easy to assimilate, high in utilization ratio, beneficial to the survival and the growth of the eleutheronema tetradactylum, and good in cultivation benefit. The invention also discloses a preparation and application method of the eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed. The preparation and application method is simple in processing steps, low in cost, less in feed nutrient loss, and suitable for industrialized mass production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish feed, especially relate to a kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed and preparation and application thereof.
Background technology
Threadfin is under the jurisdiction of threadfin mesh, Polynemidae, and threadfin belongs to, popular name noon fish, Ma You, Niu Sun, hold a memorial ceremony for after fish, Cyprinus carpio, king fish, noon are young, chapter is jumped, be distributed in the Indian Ocean and west of pacific ocean, mainly live near shallow sea and river mouth.Threadfin meat flavour is delicious, nutritious, the most popular with consumers, is the edible fishes of a kind of high-quality, can eat raw or process and make canned food.Natural threadfin negligible amounts, the simply double object of catching such as drift net, otter-trawl, yield is the highest, and fish valency is higher.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the demand of threadfin is increased by consumer day by day, catches threadfin by sea and can not meet the most far away market demand.Breakthrough along with threadfin artificial breeding technique, the development of cultural technique, threadfin aquaculture is developed rapidly, in recent years in Taiwan, Guangdong and Deng Di inner harbor, Fujian start to cultivate threadfin with case net, cultivation scale constantly expands, yield improves constantly, and therefore artificial cultivation threadfin has vast potential for future development.So far the feedstuff used by threadfin cultivation is mainly natural small fish, shrimp and shellfish etc., and natural biological bait not only breaks up marine fishery resources, resource-constrained, it cannot be guaranteed that timely enough supplies, in-convenience in use (needing freezen protective), trophic structure is single, and easily rot after throwing something and feeding to decompose, ruin water quality, cause disease to spread, it is difficult to the threadfin adapting to expanding day cultivates the demand to bait.Although the raiser that there is now minority attempts making threadfin feedstuff by oneself or utilizing other aquatic fish feedstuffs, but using effect is undesirable, its main cause is that the nutritional need not according to threadfin self designs the formula screening its rational feedstuff, cause threadfin poor growth, serious even cause malnutrition disease and cause death.
In recent years, along with the fast development of aquaculture, the demand of fish flour is constantly risen.And the most annual fish flour yield maintains a relatively stable level, thus cause contradiction and the price rapid increase of fish flour.If fish flour consumption higher in threadfin fish meal necessarily improves the price of feedstuff, thus increase the aquaculture cost of threadfin, fish flour higher in feedstuff causes Dietary phosphorus content to exceed animal nutrient requirement, and these can not be discharged in water body the pollution causing breeding environment together by the phosphorus of animal use.
Therefore, a kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed of exploitation is for promoting threadfin aquaculture healthy and sustainable development most important.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to provide a kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed designed for threadfin nutritional need, this feed formula is reasonable, and balanced in nutrition, fish meal content is low, good palatability, phagostimulating effect is good, absorption easy to digest, and efficiency of feed utilization is high, environmental protection effect is notable, and beneficiating ingredient can be obviously enhanced surviving and growing of fish body immune disease-resistance power, beneficially threadfin in feedstuff, cultivation income is good.
Present invention also offers preparation and the using method of a kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, this preparation is simple with using method processing step, low cost, and feed nutrition loss is little, is suitable for industrialization large-scale production.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, it is made up of following raw material by weight: 10 ~ 15 parts of steam fish flour, 20 ~ 25 parts of fermented peanut meals, 10 ~ 15 parts of soybean protein concentrates, 10 ~ 15 parts of haemproteins powder, 10 ~ 15 parts of expanded corn powders, 3 ~ 8 parts of sodium alginates, 5 ~ 10 parts of gluten meals, 1 ~ 3 part of soybean lecithin, 3 ~ 6 parts of bathypelagic fish oil, 3 ~ 5 parts of animal bone powders, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of sodium dehydroacetate, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of Butylated hydroxyanisole, 0.3 ~ 0.6 part of compound vitamin, 0.4 ~ 0.8 part of composite mineral matter, 1 ~ 3 part of composite feeding promoting agent, 0.5 ~ 1 part of compound enzymic preparation, 0.5 ~ 1 part of complex microorganism preparations.
The present invention is optimized design to the formula of feedstuff, in feed formula, decreases the content of fish flour, suitably adds fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, the content of haemproteins powder, to significantly reduce feed cost on the premise of ensureing feeding effect；Feedstuff with the addition of fermented peanut meal, to improve the palatability of feedstuff and to improve threadfin fish nutrient substance is digested and assimilated, promote threadfin growth；Sodium alginate and gluten meal are as binding agent, bonding dynamics and water-tolerant, and the feedstuff made is soft, is difficult in water defeated and dispersed, and the fish body being suitable for all size eats, and can be prevented effectively from fish body abdominal distention dead, improves survival rate；With the addition of food grade preservative sodium dehydroacetate and antioxidant Butylated hydroxyanisole, can preferably prevent feed oxide from going bad, extend the holding time of feedstuff, a small amount of interpolation preservative and antioxidant to efficiency of feed utilization and quality without any ill effect.
As preferably, in compound vitamin additive described in every 1000 g, containing 10 ~ 15 g vitamin A, 3 ~ 5 g vitaminD 3 , 10 ~ 20 g vitamin Es, 3 ~ 5 g vitamin Ks3, 4 ~ 8 g vitamin Bs1, 3 ~ 5 g vitamin Bs2, 3 ~ 6 g vitamin Bs6, 30 ~ 40 g calcium pantothenates, 5 ~ 10 g folic acid, 2 ~ 4 g vitamin Bs12, 30 ~ 50 g vitamin Cs, remaining is wheat bran.Compound vitamin additive can meet the threadfin demand to different vitamin, to promote threadfin growth and to grow.
As preferably, in composite mineral matter additive described in every 1000 g, 80-120
G sodium chloride, 120 ~ 180 g magnesium glycinates, 60 ~ 100
G potassium chloride, 3 ~ 5 g cupric glycinates, 4 ~ 8 g glycine ferrouss, 3 ~ 5 g zinc methionines, 2 ~ 5 g Mn-Glies, 1 ~ 4 g potassium iodate, 0.5 ~ 1 g cobalt methionine, 2 ~ 3 g sodium selenite, 100 ~ 150 g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 3 ~ 8 g aluminum sulfate, remaining is zeolite powder.Add composite mineral matter to meet the threadfin demand to different trace element, it is ensured that the normal physiological metabolism of body.
As preferably, the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described composite feeding promoting agent is: 10 ~ 30% shrimp shell meals, 30 ~ 40% mussel meat powders, 10 ~ 15% glycine betaines, 5 ~ 8% inositols, 10 ~ 30% sepiellae seu sepiae paste.Composite feeding promoting agent of the present invention not only has good phagostimulating effect, and each component in composite feeding promoting agent is natural materials, can play the effect of supplementary, the beneficially growth of fish body.
As preferably, the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described compound enzymic preparation is: 10 ~ 15% phytases, 5 ~ 10% pectases, 15 ~ 25% cellulase, papain 10 ~ 20%, amylase 3 ~ 8%, and surplus is maltose alcohol.Feedstuff has a lot of cellulose, the nutrient substance of the macromolecule such as starch and vegetable protein, the nutrient substance of these macromolecules is difficult to by the direct digestibility and utilization of threadfin, utilize the digestive enzyme of threadfin self and the synergism of compound enzyme, Dietary Energy can be improved to greatest extent, protein, the utilization rate of the nutrient substance such as cellulose, use pectase, papain and the compound enzyme of cellulase composition, primarily serve the purpose of destruction plant cell wall, cell Middle nutrition material is made fully to discharge, for digesting and assimilating further, phytase can eliminate the antinutritional factor in feedstuff, reduce the viscosity of intestines and stomach content, facilitating digestion absorbs.
As preferably, the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described complex microorganism preparations is: 20 ~ 40% bacillus subtilises (10,000,000,000/gram), 20-30% Bacillus licheniformis (10,000,000,000/gram), 10 ~ 20% Candida utilis (10,000,000,000/gram) 10 ~ 20% bacillus bifiduss (10,000,000,000/gram), 5 ~ 10% schizochytrium limacinums (10,000,000,000/gram).Complex microorganism preparations can effectively prevent the enteritis of threadfin, the diseases such as gill rot, strengthen the immunity of fish body, produce various active enzyme, beneficiating ingredient needed for synthetic protein, fatty acid and the growth of multiple fish bulk-growth, improves efficiency of feed utilization, decompose feedstuff residual, feces and harmful substance, keep good breeding environment.
The preparation and application of a kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: weigh each raw material by proportioning, stand-by.
(2) material mixing: first by micronizing after the expanded corn powder weighed, soybean lecithin, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, sodium dehydroacetate and Butylated hydroxyanisole material agitator mix homogeneously, 60-75 mesh sieve was pulverized after adding steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, haemproteins powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal and the animal bone powder mix homogeneously weighed, stir after being eventually adding the fish oil weighed, obtain compound.
(3) quenched granulation: carrying out quenched in Double-shaft differential manipulator by the compound that step (2) prepares, quenched temperature is 70 ~ 80 DEG C, and vapour pressure is 350 ~ 400
KPa, the humidity of material is 15 ~ 20%, and conditioning period is 10 ~ 20 min.Obtaining particle diameter after extruding puffing is 5 ~ 8 granular wet feeds of mm.
(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed finished product after packaging.
(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 5-10 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding.
Therefore, there is advantages that
(1) the low fish meal content of feedstuff of the present invention, formula is reasonable, balanced in nutrition, good palatability, and phagostimulating effect is good, absorption easy to digest, the survival of utilization rate height, beneficially threadfin and growth.
Nutrient fodder provided by the present invention adds the beneficiating ingredients such as compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations, trace element needed for fish bulk-growth is provided, strengthen fish body immune disease-resistance power, improve efficiency of feed utilization, reducing environmental pollution, environmental protection effect is notable.
(3) feedstuff of the present invention preparation is simple with using method step, scientific and reasonable, is suitable for industrialized production, and feed nutrition loss is little.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention will be further described.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all percentage ratios are unit of weight, all devices and raw material and are all commercially available or the industry is conventional, the method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, are this area conventional method.
Embodiment
1
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, by steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, haemproteins powder, expanded corn powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, soybean lecithin, bathypelagic fish oil, animal bone powder, sodium dehydroacetate, Butylated hydroxyanisole, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations composition.In feedstuff, the concrete proportioning of each component is as shown in table 1, and in feedstuff, the concrete formula of compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations is respectively as shown in table 2,3,4,5,6.
The preparation and application of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed is:
(1) weighing: weigh each raw material by proportioning, stand-by.
(2) material mixing: first by micronizing after the expanded corn powder weighed, soybean lecithin, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, Chinese medicine immunity enhancer, sodium dehydroacetate and Butylated hydroxyanisole material agitator mix homogeneously, 65 mesh sieves were pulverized after adding steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, haemproteins powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, beer yeast and the animal bone powder mix homogeneously weighed, stir after being eventually adding the fish oil weighed, obtain compound.
(3) quenched granulation: the compound that step (2) prepares is carried out quenched in Double-shaft differential manipulator, quenched temperature is 72 DEG C, and vapour pressure is 375kPa, and the humidity of material is 18%, conditioning period is 15 min, quenched complete after extruding puffing to obtain particle diameter be the 6 granular wet feeds of mm.
(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed finished product after packaging.
(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 8 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding.
Embodiment
2
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, by steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, haemproteins powder, expanded corn powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, soybean lecithin, bathypelagic fish oil, animal bone powder, sodium dehydroacetate, Butylated hydroxyanisole, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations composition.In feedstuff, the concrete proportioning of each component is as shown in table 1, and in feedstuff, the concrete formula of compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations is respectively as shown in table 2,3,4,5,6.
The preparation and application of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed is:
(1) weighing: weigh each raw material by proportioning, stand-by.
(2) material mixing: first by micronizing after the expanded corn powder weighed, soybean lecithin, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, Chinese medicine immunity enhancer, sodium dehydroacetate and Butylated hydroxyanisole material agitator mix homogeneously, 70 mesh sieves were pulverized after adding steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, haemproteins powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, beer yeast and the animal bone powder mix homogeneously weighed, stir after being eventually adding the fish oil weighed, obtain compound.
(3) quenched granulation: the compound that step (2) prepares is carried out quenched in Double-shaft differential manipulator, quenched temperature is 75 DEG C, and vapour pressure is 390 kPa, and the humidity of material is 16%, conditioning period is 20 min, quenched complete after extruding puffing to obtain particle diameter be the 5 granular wet feeds of mm.
(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed finished product after packaging.
(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 6 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding.
Embodiment
3
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, by steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, haemproteins powder, expanded corn powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, soybean lecithin, bathypelagic fish oil, animal bone powder, sodium dehydroacetate, Butylated hydroxyanisole, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations composition.In feedstuff, the concrete proportioning of each component is as shown in table 1, and in feedstuff, the concrete formula of compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, compound enzymic preparation and complex microorganism preparations is respectively as shown in table 2,3,4,5,6.
The preparation and application of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed is:
(1) weighing: weigh each raw material by proportioning, stand-by.
(2) material mixing: first by micronizing after the expanded corn powder weighed, soybean lecithin, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, Chinese medicine immunity enhancer, sodium dehydroacetate and Butylated hydroxyanisole material agitator mix homogeneously, 75 mesh sieves were pulverized after adding steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, haemproteins powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal, beer yeast and the animal bone powder mix homogeneously weighed, stir after being eventually adding the fish oil weighed, obtain compound.
(3) quenched granulation: the compound that step (2) prepares is carried out quenched in Double-shaft differential manipulator, quenched temperature is 78 DEG C, and vapour pressure is 400 kPa, and the humidity of material is 18%, conditioning period is 15 min, quenched complete after extruding puffing to obtain particle diameter be the 7 granular wet feeds of mm.
(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed finished product after packaging.
(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 5 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding.
The concrete formula of each component of feedstuff in each embodiment of table 1
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Steam fish flour (Kg) | 12 | 14 | 13 |
| Fermented peanut meal (Kg) | 20 | 22 | 23 |
| Soybean protein concentrate | 13 | 14 | 10 |
| Haemproteins powder (Kg) | 13 | 12 | 14 |
| Expanded corn powder (Kg) | 13 | 12 | 11 |
| Sodium alginate (Kg) | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Gluten meal (Kg) | 9 | 8 | 8 |
| Soybean lecithin (Kg) | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| Bathypelagic fish oil (Kg) | 4 | 3 | 3.5 |
| Animal bone powder (Kg) | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Sodium dehydroacetate (Kg) | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.28 |
| Butylated hydroxyanisole (Kg) | 0.2 | 0.35 | 0.3 |
| Compound vitamin (Kg) | 0.4 | 0.45 | 0.5 |
| Composite mineral matter (Kg) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.75 |
| Composite feeding promoting agent (Kg) | 2 | 1 | 1.5 |
| Compound enzymic preparation (Kg) | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| Complex microorganism preparations (Kg) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
The concrete formula of compound vitamin additive in table 2 each embodiment feedstuff
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Vitamin A (g/1000g) | 12 | 13 | 11 |
| Vitamin D3 (g/1000g) | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Vitamin E (g/1000g) | 17 | 15 | 13 |
| Vitamin K3 (g/1000g) | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Vitamin B1 (g/1000g) | 7 | 4 | 6 |
| Vitamin B2 (g/1000g) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Vitamin B6 (g/1000g) | 4 | 6 | 4 |
| Calcium pantothenate (g/1000g) | 32 | 28 | 30 |
| Folic acid (g/1000g) | 8 | 6 | 7 |
| Vitamin B12 (g/1000g) | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Vitamin C (g/1000g) | 38 | 35 | 40 |
| Wheat bran (g/1000g) | 869 | 880 | 870 |
The concrete formula of composite mineral matter additive in table 3 each embodiment feedstuff
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Sodium chloride (g/1000g) | 90 | 110 | 105 |
| Magnesium glycinate (g/1000g) | 165 | 130 | 145 |
| Potassium chloride (g/1000g) | 80 | 95 | 75 |
| Cupric glycinate (g/1000g) | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Glycine ferrous (g/1000g) | 5 | 6 | 8 |
| Zinc methionine (g/1000g) | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Mn-Gly (g/1000g) | 3 | 4 | 4.5 |
| Potassium iodate (g/1000g) | 2 | 2.5 | 3.5 |
| Cobalt methionine (g/1000g) | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Sodium selenite (g/1000g) | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Calcium hydrogen phosphate (g/1000g) | 120 | 130 | 110 |
| Aluminum sulfate (g/1000g) | 4 | 7 | 5 |
| Zeolite powder (g/1000g) | 521.4 | 505 | 533.2 |
The concrete formula of composite feeding promoting agent in table 4 each embodiment feedstuff
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Shrimp shell meal (%) | 16 | 18 | 22 |
| Mussel Powder (%) | 35 | 32 | 30 |
| Glycine betaine (%) | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Inositol (%) | 7 | 6 | 6 |
| Sepiellae seu sepiae paste (%) | 30 | 31 | 28 |
The concrete formula of compound enzymic preparation in table 5 each embodiment feedstuff
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Phytase (%) | 12 | 14 | 11 |
| Pectase (%) | 8 | 7 | 6 |
| Cellulase (%) | 16 | 19 | 20 |
| Papain (%) | 17 | 11 | 16 |
| Amylase (%) | 4 | 5 | 7 |
| Maltose alcohol (%) | 43 | 44 | 40 |
The concrete formula of complex microorganism preparations in table 6 each embodiment feedstuff
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Bacillus subtilis (%) | 35 | 33 | 31 |
| Bacillus licheniformis (%) | 26 | 25 | 28 |
| Candida utilis (%) | 17 | 17 | 16 |
| Bacillus bifidus (%) | 16 | 17 | 16 |
| Schizochytrium limacinum (%) | 6 | 8 | 9 |
Culture experiment
It it is one group with the threadfin fry that 5000 tail specifications are 25 tails/Kg, take four groups (respectively A group, B group, C group, D groups) and carry out cage culture test, Cultivated water water quality parameter, water temperature 22 ~ 28 DEG C, salinity is 26 ~ 32 ‰, the net cage depth of water 3 m, dissolved oxygen amount >=5 mg/L, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.0, transparency 50 cm.A, B, component C are not thrown something and fed the feedstuff in embodiment 1 ~ 3, D group throws something and feeds fresh bait (small fish and shrimp) as a comparison case, bait feeding mode is the most identical with feeding volume: as fry specification≤10 tail/Kg, every day throws something and feeds once sooner or later, inventory is the 3% of fish body gross weight every time, and every day throws something and feeds continuously；As fry specification ＞ 10 tails/Kg, every day throws something and feeds once at dusk, and each feeding volume is the 5.5% of fish body gross weight, and every day throws something and feeds continuously.
After cultivating 5 months, fishing for threadfin, statistical average body weight respectively, average weight rate of increase, catching amount, survival rate, the result that obtains are as shown in table 7.
Table 7 cultivates after 5 months the statistical result of each embodiment and comparative example
From table 7 this it appears that, in each embodiment, the average weight rate of increase of the threadfin of cultivation and survival rate are all far above average weight rate of increase and the survival rate of the threadfin cultivated in comparative example, illustrate that the Feed Energy of the present invention remarkably promotes the growth of threadfin, improve survival rate.
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, and the present invention not makees any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (7)
1. a threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed, it is characterized in that, it is made up of following raw material by weight: 10 ~ 15 parts of steam fish flour, 20 ~ 25 parts of fermented peanut meals, 10 ~ 15 parts of soybean protein concentrates, 10 ~ 15 parts of haemproteins powder, 10 ~ 15 parts of expanded corn powders, 3 ~ 8 parts of part sodium alginates, 5 ~ 10 parts of gluten meals, 1 ~ 3 part of soybean lecithin, 3 ~ 6 parts of bathypelagic fish oil, 3 ~ 5 parts of animal bone powders, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of sodium dehydroacetate, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of Butylated hydroxyanisole, 0.3 ~ 0.6 part of compound vitamin, 0.4 ~ 0.8 part of composite mineral matter, 1 ~ 3 part of composite feeding promoting agent, 0.5 ~ 1 part of compound enzymic preparation, 0.5 ~ 1 part of complex microorganism preparations.
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in compound vitamin additive described in every 1000 g, containing 10 ~ 15g vitamin A, 3 ~ 5g vitaminD 3 , 10 ~ 20g vitamin E, 3 ~ 5g vitamin K3, 4 ~ 8g vitamin B1, 3 ~ 5g vitamin B2, 3 ~ 6g vitamin B6, 30 ~ 40g calcium pantothenate, 5 ~ 10g folic acid, 2 ~ 4g vitamin B12, 30 ~ 50g vitamin C, remaining is wheat bran.
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in composite mineral matter additive described in every 1000 g, 80-120 g sodium chloride, 120 ~ 180 g magnesium glycinates, 60 ~ 100 g potassium chloride, 3 ~ 5 g cupric glycinates, 4 ~ 8 g glycine ferrouss, 3 ~ 5 g zinc methionines, 2 ~ 5 g Mn-Glies, 1 ~ 4 g potassium iodate, 0.5 ~ 1 g cobalt methionine, 2 ~ 3 g sodium selenite, 100 ~ 150 g calcium hydrogen phosphate, 3 ~ 8 g aluminum sulfate, remaining is zeolite powder.
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described composite feeding promoting agent is: 10 ~ 30% shrimp shell meals, 30 ~ 40% mussel meat powders, 10 ~ 15% glycine betaines, 5 ~ 8% inositols, 10 ~ 30% sepiellae seu sepiae paste.
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described compound enzymic preparation is: 10 ~ 15% phytases, 5 ~ 10% pectases, 15 ~ 25% cellulase, papain 10 ~ 20%, amylase 3 ~ 8%, surplus is maltose alcohol.
A kind of threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the weight/mass percentage composition of each component of described complex microorganism preparations is: 20 ~ 40% bacillus subtilises (10,000,000,000/gram), 20-30% Bacillus licheniformis (10,000,000,000/gram), 10 ~ 20% Candida utilis (10,000,000,000/gram) 10 ~ 20% bacillus bifiduss (10,000,000,000/gram), 5 ~ 10% schizochytrium limacinums (10,000,000,000/gram).
7. a threadfin as claimed in claim 1 low fish flour environment-protecting feed preparation and application, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) weighing: weigh each raw material by proportioning, stand-by；(2) material mixing: first by micronizing after the expanded corn powder weighed, soybean lecithin, compound vitamin, composite mineral matter, composite feeding promoting agent, sodium dehydroacetate and Butylated hydroxyanisole material agitator mix homogeneously, 60-75 mesh sieve was pulverized after adding steam fish flour, fermented peanut meal, soybean protein concentrate, haemproteins powder, sodium alginate, gluten meal and the animal bone powder mix homogeneously weighed, stir after being eventually adding the fish oil weighed, obtain compound；(3) quenched granulation: the compound that step (2) prepares is carried out quenched in Double-shaft differential manipulator, quenched temperature is 70 ~ 80 DEG C, vapour pressure is 350 ~ 400k Pa, the humidity of material is 15 ~ 20%, conditioning period is 10 ~ 20min, quenched complete after extruding puffing to obtain particle diameter be the granular wet feed of 5 ~ 8mm；(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin fish environmental protection low meal compound feed finished product after packaging；(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 5-10 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding；(4) dry packing: be cooled to room temperature after carrying out the wet feed obtained being dehydrated cold air drying, i.e. obtain threadfin low fish flour environment-protecting feed finished product after packaging；(5) using method: add complex microorganism preparations and the clear water of compound enzymic preparation gross weight 5-10 times, make mixed liquor, on the solid portion that mixed liquor is uniformly sprayed, threadfin of then throwing something and feeding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610318077.2A CN105961914A (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610318077.2A CN105961914A (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105961914A true CN105961914A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=56992835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610318077.2A Pending CN105961914A (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105961914A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109527202A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | The method and feed of feed of the preparation rich in docosahexaenoic acid and bata-carotene |
| CN110839757A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-28 | 北京市水产技术推广站 | Goldfish fry starter feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112075531A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-15 | 上海绿奥生物科技有限公司 | Microbial aquatic feed and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102178105A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-09-14 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Grouper environmentally-friendly soft granulated feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102640866A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-22 | 南通巴大饲料有限公司 | Safe compound feed for allogynogenetic crucian carp |
| CN103750048A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Fermented non-antibiotic compound hard particle feed for crucian fry and preparation method thereof |
| CN103947896A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 广东通威饲料有限公司 | Green health nutritional-type compound feed for breeding eleutheronema tetradactylum |
| CN104757300A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-08 | 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 | Jewfish fish meal-free high efficiency safety mixed feed |
-
2016
- 2016-05-16 CN CN201610318077.2A patent/CN105961914A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102178105A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-09-14 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Grouper environmentally-friendly soft granulated feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN102640866A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-22 | 南通巴大饲料有限公司 | Safe compound feed for allogynogenetic crucian carp |
| CN103750048A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Fermented non-antibiotic compound hard particle feed for crucian fry and preparation method thereof |
| CN103947896A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-30 | 广东通威饲料有限公司 | Green health nutritional-type compound feed for breeding eleutheronema tetradactylum |
| CN104757300A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-08 | 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 | Jewfish fish meal-free high efficiency safety mixed feed |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109527202A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | The method and feed of feed of the preparation rich in docosahexaenoic acid and bata-carotene |
| CN109527202B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-06-10 | 嘉必优生物技术（武汉）股份有限公司 | Method for preparing feed rich in docosahexaenoic acid and beta carotene and feed |
| CN110839757A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-28 | 北京市水产技术推广站 | Goldfish fry starter feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112075531A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-15 | 上海绿奥生物科技有限公司 | Microbial aquatic feed and preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105942025A (en) | Nutritional feed promoting growth of eleutheronema tetradactylum as well as preparation and use methods of nutritional feed | |
| CN103989024B (en) | A kind of crab class feed | |
| CN103844140B (en) | Mixed bostrichthys sinensis feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103349157B (en) | Compound feed for female parent fishes of sturgeons | |
| CN103844138B (en) | Mantis shrimp mixed feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103461741A (en) | Antiviral swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102018151A (en) | Adult stage powdery compound feed for trionyx sinensis | |
| CN101828636A (en) | Feed formula for young meat ducks | |
| CN103704530A (en) | Special compound feed for loach seedlings | |
| CN103844141A (en) | Feed suitable for being used in growing period and fattening period of portunus trituberculatus and use method of feed | |
| CN104000047B (en) | A kind of feed improving crab product crab cream amount | |
| CN105995170A (en) | Biological feed capable of increasing weight of culled laying hens and application | |
| CN108201025A (en) | A kind of multifilament cray feed and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2022127243A1 (en) | Cherax quadricarinatus fish meal-free compound feed and preparation method therefor | |
| CN104905079A (en) | Bullfrog feed comprising additional enteromorpha prolifera and Chinese herbal immunopotentiating agent | |
| CN105941833A (en) | Feed capable of improving immunity of eleutheronema tetradactylum and preparation method of feed | |
| CN104782980A (en) | Intestine-protecting non-tolerant efficient puffing granular compound herring feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102715381B (en) | Hu sheep totaI mixed ration (TMR) feed and Hu sheep cultivation method | |
| CN102754748A (en) | Australian sand goby feed | |
| CN105961914A (en) | Eleutheronema tetradactylum low fish meal environment-friendly feed, and preparation and application method thereof | |
| CN108850725A (en) | A kind of environment-friendly type jewfish expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof that attractant is good | |
| CN107772135A (en) | A kind of production method of selenium-rich chicken feed and Se-enriched egg | |
| CN106689817A (en) | Speckled trout puffing mixed feed for resource utilization of salicornia europaea | |
| CN102715348A (en) | Zinc-enriched formulated hard palletized feed for carp and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104839436A (en) | Chicken feed capable of supplying calcium, tonifying spleen, and sterilizing, and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160928 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |