CN205883609U - Heater - Google Patents
Heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN205883609U CN205883609U CN201620733317.0U CN201620733317U CN205883609U CN 205883609 U CN205883609 U CN 205883609U CN 201620733317 U CN201620733317 U CN 201620733317U CN 205883609 U CN205883609 U CN 205883609U
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- Prior art keywords
- heater
- cold end
- extraction electrode
- heater element
- stop collar
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a heater relates to electrical heating facility technical field, including extraction electrode, heating element, cold junction component and stop collar, extraction electrode extends a stiff end respectively, and cold junction component one end is connected with extraction electrode's stiff end, and the other end is connected with heating element, and the heating element other end is connected with the stop collar, and heating element is made by carbon fiber, graphite or carbon material. Through passing through the stop collar by extraction electrode, cold junction, a heating element and being connected in order with one or two heating element, cold junction, extraction electrode, can form two -phase or three -phase electricity return circuit that a ann put in order, realize the resistance heating process, through using carbon fiber, graphite or carbon material preparation heating element, solve the restriction because of the heating element material that exists among the prior art, electricity, the low heater inefficiency that leads to of heat conversion, technical problem that use cost is high.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to electrical heating facility technology field, especially relates to a kind of heater.
Background technology
Heater volume is little, and heating power is high, uses quite varied, and people increasingly be unable to do without it.Heater principle
Core is energy conversion, is exactly most widely that electric energy is converted into heat energy.Such as electric heater, and the mode of heating of electric heater
In common heat for resistance, so-called resistance heating is to utilize the Joule effect of electric current to convert electric energy into heat energy to heat thing
Body.It is generally divided into the heating of direct resistance and indirect resistance heats.The former supply voltage is applied directly on heating object, when having
When electric current flows through, heating object itself (such as electrical heating ironing machine) just generates heat.Indirect resistance heating need to be by special alloy material
Material or nonmetallic materials make heater element, heater element produce heat energy, by the mode such as radiation, convection current and conduction pass to by
Add on hot object.Owing to heating object and heater element are divided into two parts, therefore the kind of heating object is the most unrestricted
System, easy and simple to handle.
The heater element material therefor of indirect resistance heating, typically requires that resistivity is big, temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance is little, at high temperature
Lower deformation is little and is difficult to embrittlement.Conventional has the metal material such as ferroaluminium, nichrome and the non-gold such as carborundum, molybdenum disilicide
Belong to material.The maximum operating temperature of metal heater element, according to material category up to 1000～1500 DEG C；Non-metallic heating element
Maximum operating temperature up to 1500～1700 DEG C.The latter is easy for installation, can change by hot stove, but needs pressure regulation to fill during its work
Putting, the life-span is shorter than alloy heat generating element, is generally used for high temperature furnace, temperature exceedes metal material heater element and allows high workload temperature
The place of degree and some special occasions.The maximum operating temperature of heater element is low, electric, heat conversion is low had both limited heater
Workplace also results in the waste of electric energy, heat energy, so needing a kind of novel energy-efficient heater.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of heater, to solve present in prior art because of heater element material
The restriction of material, electricity, heat conversion is low causes heater efficiency low, the technical problem that use cost is high.
This utility model is a kind of heater, including extraction electrode, heater element, cold end element and stop collar；
Described extraction electrode each extends over out a fixing end；
Described cold end element one end is connected with the fixing end of extraction electrode, and the other end is connected with heater element；
The described heater element other end is connected with stop collar；
Described heater element is made up of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials.
Further, described extraction electrode has two and each extends over out a fixing end；
Described cold end element is made up of the first cold end and the second cold end, the fixing end of a described extraction electrode and described the
One cold end connects, and the fixing end of another extraction electrode is connected with described second cold end, and described first cold end is second cold with described
End is not in contact with each other；
Described heater element has two, and one end of a heater element is connected with described first cold end, another unit of generating heat
One end of part is connected with described second cold end；
The other end of described heater element is all connected with stop collar.
Further, also including protection pipe, described protection pipe includes outside protective pipe and temperature-measuring heat couple pipe；
The first cold end, the second cold end, heater element and stop collar, described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe is placed in described outside protective pipe
It is placed between the first cold end and the second cold end；
Described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe and outside protective pipe are made up of silicon nitride ceramics.
Further, described outside protective pipe inner space equipped with insulation, thermal diffusivity is good, the filling powder body of good thermal conduction.
Further, described filling powder body is the boron nitride ceramics of powder, silicon nitride ceramics or aluminium oxide.
Further, described outside protective pipe internal medium is vacuum.
Further, described stop collar is positioned at the bottom of described outside protective pipe；
Described stop collar is arranged above with groove, and the bottom of described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe is against on described groove.
Further, described stop collar is made up of graphite, carbon element or carbon fibre material.
Further, also include heat shield, described heat shield between described extraction electrode and described first cold end with
And between described extraction electrode and described second cold end.
Further, connection sheet and lower connection sheet are also included；
Described upper connection sheet and lower connection sheet are made up of boron nitride, silicon nitride or aluminium oxide；
First cold end and the second cold end are relatively fixed connection by described upper connection sheet and lower connection sheet；
Described first cold end and the second cold end are not in contact with each other.
Beneficial effect: the heater that the present embodiment provides, is passed through stop collar by an extraction electrode, cold end, heater element
It is sequentially connected with one or two heater element, cold end, extraction electrode, forms one and pacify whole two-phase or three-phase electricity loop,
Realize resistance heating process；Wherein, cold end element has the cross-sectional area being several times as much as heater, and its resistance is much smaller than heating unit
Part, only produces relatively low heat in heating process, temperature changes hardly, it is therefore prevented that extraction electrode is at junction temperature overheating
And damage；Stop collar is fixed with heater element, and to limit the movement of heater element, heater element is by carbon fiber, graphite or carbon element
Material is made, and carbon fiber, graphite, carbon material electrical, heat conversion can reach 70-97%, and do not produce electromagnetic field so that it is have
Efficiently, the advantage of energy-saving and environmental protection, and it is high temperature resistant, and the feature that resistivity is big can realize the small dimension of heater, high-power
Change, there is higher practical value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that this utility model detailed description of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below by right
In detailed description of the invention or description of the prior art, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, describe below
In accompanying drawing be embodiments more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying creativeness
On the premise of work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
The cross-sectional view of a kind of heater that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model embodiment.
Reference:
1, extraction electrode；2, heat shield；3, upper connection sheet；
4, cold end element；5, lower connection sheet；6, powder body is filled；
7, heater element；8, temperature-measuring heat couple pipe；9, outside protective pipe；
10, stop collar；11, fixing end；41, the first cold end；
42, the second cold end.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is a part of embodiment of this utility model rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in this utility model, this
The every other embodiment that field those of ordinary skill is obtained under not making creative work premise, broadly falls into this practicality
Novel protected scope.
In description of the present utility model, " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " perpendicular it should be noted that term
Directly ", " level ", " interior ", the orientation of the instruction such as " outward " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be only
Must have specific for the ease of describing this utility model and simplification description rather than instruction or the device of hint indication or element
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to restriction of the present utility model.Additionally, term " the
One ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " peace
Dress ", should be interpreted broadly " being connected ", " connection ", for example, it may be fix connection, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integratedly
Connect；Can be to be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary,
It can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned art can be understood with concrete condition
Language concrete meaning in this utility model.
The cross-sectional view of a kind of heater that Fig. 1 provides for this utility model embodiment.
The heater that this utility model provides includes extraction electrode 1, heater element 7, cold end element 4 and stop collar 10；
Described extraction electrode 1 each extends over out a fixing end 11；Described cold end element 4 one end connects with the fixing end 11 of extraction electrode 1
Connecing, the other end is connected with heater element 7；Described heater element 7 other end is connected with stop collar 10；Described heater element 7 is by carbon
Fiber, graphite or carbon materials are made.I.e. by an extraction electrode 1, cold end, heater element 7 by stop collar 10 and with one
Or two heater elements 7, cold end, extraction electrodes 1 are sequentially connected with, form one and pacify whole two-phase or three-phase electricity loop, it is achieved electricity
Resistance heating process.Heater element 7 is made up of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials, carbon fiber, graphite, carbon material electrical, thermal transition
Rate can reach 70-97%, and does not produce electromagnetic field so that it is have efficient, the advantage of energy-saving and environmental protection, and it is high temperature resistant, resistance
The feature that rate is big can realize the small dimension of heater, high-power, has higher practical value.
A kind of heater that the present embodiment provides is a kind of two-phase heater, as it is shown in figure 1, described extraction electrode 1 has two
Individual and each extend over out a fixing end 11；Described cold end element 4 is made up of the first cold end and the second cold end, a described extraction
The fixing end 11 of electrode 1 is connected with described first cold end, and the fixing end 11 of another extraction electrode 1 is with described second cold end even
Connecing, described first cold end is not in contact with each other with described second cold end；Described heater element 7 has two, one end of a heater element 7
Being connected with described first cold end, one end of another heater element 7 is connected with described second cold end；Described heater element 7 another
One end is all connected with stop collar 10.
The heater that the present embodiment provides, the cold end element 4 of setting is made up of the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42, and point
Not Lian Jie extraction electrode 1 and heater element 7, owing to the resistance of the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 is much smaller than heater element 7
Resistance is so compared to heater element 7, its heat produced when heater works is the least, and temperature changes hardly, anti-
Stop extraction electrode 1 to damage at junction temperature overheating；Stop collar 10 is fixed with heater element 7, to limit heater element 7
Mobile, the heater provided due to the present embodiment is cast heater, so the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 are in this enforcement
Being shaped as in example hits exactly, along disc, half hollow cylinder sectioned, and two half hollow cylinders are not in contact with each other；First cold end 41 He
Second cold end 42 is also made up of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials and is made resistance be much smaller than by the way of increase cross-sectional area and sends out
The resistance of thermal element 7.
For cold end element 4, carbon fiber, graphite, carbon material electrical, heat conversion can reach 70-97%, and do not produce
Electromagnetic field, in the present embodiment, heater selects graphite to make heater element the 7, first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42.Melting of graphite
Point is 3850 ± 50 DEG C, and boiling point is 4250 DEG C, even if through superhigh temperature electric arc calcination, the loss of weight is the least, and thermal coefficient of expansion is also
The least；Graphite intensity improves with temperature and strengthens, and when 2000 DEG C, the intensity of graphite doubles especially；Therefore make with graphite
The service life of heater can be improved for heater element 7.
Prior, under room temperature, the resistivity of graphite is (8～13) × 10-6Ω m, compared to the resistivity of each metal:
Nichrome 1.0 × 10-6Ω m and ferroaluminium (1.57～1.68) × 10-6Ω m, the resistivity of graphite is bigger, equally
Length and cross-sectional area, the resistance of graphite is bigger, and the heat energy released in the case of electric current is certain is the most, again due to stone
The resistance to elevated temperatures of ink, can export bigger voltage, both can realize greater power work at its two ends, so, use graphite
Greater power work can be realized in the case of keeping former specification even more small dimension as heater element 7, substantially increase
The work efficiency of heater.
It is noted that have two heat phase and three heat phase, heater element 7 number to be according to the heating mode of heater
The multiple of two or three and they, according to the working environment of heater and the resistance of heater element 7 and resistivity
Impact selects to use out of phase heater, conventional, selects two-phase heater, and now the number of heater element 7 is two or two
Multiple；If in order to avoid work occurring, electrical network threephase load is uneven and needs the problem of pressure regulation, selecting three additions
Hot device, now the number of heater element 7 is the multiple of three or three.
As further improvement of this embodiment, except completing the most all by increasing the number of heater element 7
Even heat radiation purpose, it is also possible to by increase heater element 7 surface area reach this purpose, i.e. wire rod can be changed into tubing or
Sheet material.
The protection pipe of the present embodiment includes outside protective pipe 9 and temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8, place in outside protective pipe 9 first cold end 41,
Second cold end 42, heater element 7 and stop collar 10, temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 is placed between the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42.
First cold end the 41, second cold end 42 and heater element 7 are enclosed in confined space together with temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 by outside protective pipe 9,
Heater element 7 high-temperature oxydation when preventing work, thermocouple sensor can also be inserted at temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 hollow interior simultaneously so that
Detect variations in temperature at any time.
In prior art, the protection pipe i.e. shell of most heater is all to use rustless steel to make, and is using nickel chromium triangle
When alloy, ferroaluminium etc. are as heater element 7, due to itself electricity, heat conversion the highest, cause heater to heat up slowly,
Rustless steel is adapted to the difference variation of this degree, but using graphite as after heater element 7, due to its efficient electric, heat conversion,
Making heater heat up quickly, the rustless steel as protection pipe can not well adapt to the difference variation of this degree thus cause protection
Pipe damages and then affects the function of heater.As further improvement of this embodiment, temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 and outside protective pipe 9 by
Silicon nitride ceramics is made.
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic material as the high temperature engineering material of a kind of excellence, can make the most of the advantage be it
Application in high-temperature field.First it is the most high temperature resistant, and at a temperature of the highest, silicon nitride has higher intensity and anti-impact
Hitting property, intensity can maintain the high temperature of 1200 DEG C not decline always, will not be melt into melt body after being heated, until 1900 DEG C of
Can decompose, but owing to silicon nitride breakage can occur with the growth of the time of use more than 1200 DEG C so that it is intensity reduces,
It is more easy to that fatigue damage occurs for more than 1450 DEG C, so the use temperature of silicon nitride is usually no more than 1300 DEG C.The use of silicon nitride
Temperature, more than the maximum operating temperature of heater element 7 graphite, meets the demand of heater.
Furthermore, silicon nitride has surprising resistance to chemical corrosion, is resistant to the burning of almost all of mineral acid and less than 30%
Aqueous slkali, is also resistant to the corrosion of a lot of organic acid so that it is adapt to the workplace that more rustless steel can not complete；Nitrogenize simultaneously
The solid density of silicon is low, more light than rustless steel and Other Engineering superalloy steel, makes the heating of protection pipe of silicon nitride
The amount of thinking highly of is less.Furthermore silicon nitride thermal coefficient of expansion is low, thermal conductivity is high, therefore its resistance to sudden heating is splendid, in proof strength, wear-resisting
Damage, corrosion resistant on the basis of, can preferably transfer heat away from, further improve the work efficiency of heater.
Most important, difference variation is little on silicon nitride impact, and the silicon nitride of hot pressed sintering puts into after being heated to l000 DEG C
Cold water also will not rupture, more coordinate with the heater element 7 made of graphite, improve the service life of heater.
Heater element 7 can quickly produce heat energy, but wants temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 and outside protective pipe 9 to be rapidly heated, and centre is also
Needing energy flash heat transfer, heater element 7 does not contacts with temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 and outside protective pipe 9, so being also equipped with in the middle of it absolutely
Edge, thermal diffusivity are good, the filling powder body 6 of good thermal conduction.
In the present embodiment, filling the boron nitride of powder body 6 choice of powder shape, silicon nitride, aluminium oxide, these materials have excellent
Different heat conductivity, is high temperature, insulation, carrier that heat dispersion is good, simultaneously by heater element 7 and air exclusion, and protection heating
Element 7 at high temperature not oxidation by air.
Heater element 7 is that graphite, carbon fiber or carbon materials can be rapidly heated down, and can rise
To more than 1000 DEG C, but under aerobic state, carbon is easy for producing oxidation reaction at 600 DEG C, so with temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8
With outside protective pipe 9, heater element 7 is closed, on the one hand in order to prevent electric shock accidents, is on the other hand contemplated to protect
Hair care thermal element 7 is not oxidized when working.But in order to further stop heater element 7 oxidized, as the present embodiment
Improve further, the space within outside protective pipe 9 is carried out evacuation process, outside protective pipe 9 inner air is all driven out of,
Close heater element 7 by high-temperature plastic mudding afterwards to contact with extraneous.
It is noted that the top half at heater has two half hollow cylinders can only somewhat limit temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8
Double swerve, and moving up and down of temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 can't be limited；So stop collar 10 is except fixing with heater element 7,
Prevent heater element 7 from moving under external force or rupturing, it is also possible to limiting the movement of temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8, stop collar 10 is arranged
In the bottom of outside protective pipe 9, stop collar 10 is arranged above with groove, and the bottom of temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 is against on described groove.So,
Stop collar 10 is fixed on the bottom of outside protective pipe 9, temperature-measuring heat couple pipe 8 by groove limited can not horizontal jitter, reached to add
Geo-stationary within hot device, improves the stability of heater.
In the present embodiment, cold end element 4 by increase cross-sectional area to reduce resistance value, and then minimizing heat energy, control
Temperature raises the purpose reaching solar heat protection, but along with the prolongation of heater on time, the temperature that heater element 7 produces still can pass
To cold end element 4, cold end element 4 temperature is made to raise and then extraction electrode 1 is impacted.So further, this heater
Be additionally provided with heat shield 2, heat shield 2 between extraction electrode 1 and the first cold end 41 and extraction electrode 1 and the second cold end 42 it
Between, in the present embodiment, heat shield 2 generally has certain thickness cylinder, and disc is provided only with two for extraction electrode 1 admittedly
The hole that fixed end 11 is passed through, heat shield 2 further organizes heat outwards to distribute.
As further improvement of this embodiment, also include making the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42 be relatively fixed connection
Upper connection sheet 3 and lower connection sheet 5, in the present embodiment, upper connection sheet 3 and lower connection sheet 5 can be circle can also be rectangular
It is connected for screw between shape, and its with the first cold end 41 and the second cold end 42, connection sheet 3 and the purpose of lower connection sheet 5 are set
Being to make two cold ends be relatively fixed in a position and be not in contact with each other, therefore upper connection sheet 3 and lower connection sheet 5 are to use nitridation
Silicon, aluminium oxide or boron nitride material, they have good insulating properties and a stronger mechanical strength, and as silicon nitride for,
Except being a kind of high-performance electric insulant, also there are high temperature resistant other performances such as grade, produce between heater duty is changed
High temperature and the temperature difference of cataclysm also upper connection sheet 3 and lower connection sheet 5 will not be caused damage, further increase making of heater
Use the life-span.
Last it is noted that various embodiments above is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than it is limited
System；Although being described in detail this utility model with reference to foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should
Understand: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or to the most some or all of
Technical characteristic carries out equivalent；And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from this practicality new
The scope of type each embodiment technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a heater, it is characterised in that include extraction electrode, heater element, cold end element and stop collar；
Described extraction electrode each extends over out a fixing end；
Described cold end element one end is connected with the fixing end of extraction electrode, and the other end is connected with heater element；
The described heater element other end is connected with stop collar；
Described heater element is made up of carbon fiber, graphite or carbon materials.
Heater the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described extraction electrode has two and each extends over out one
Fixing end；
Described cold end element is made up of the first cold end and the second cold end, and the fixing end of a described extraction electrode is first cold with described
End connects, and the fixing end of another extraction electrode is connected with described second cold end, and described first cold end is mutual with described second cold end
Do not contact；
Described heater element has two, and one end of a heater element is connected with described first cold end, another heater element
One end is connected with described second cold end；
The other end of described heater element is all connected with stop collar.
Heater the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including protection pipe, described protection pipe includes outer protection
Pipe and temperature-measuring heat couple pipe；
Placing the first cold end, the second cold end, heater element and stop collar in described outside protective pipe, described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe is placed
Between the first cold end and the second cold end；
Described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe and outside protective pipe are made up of silicon nitride ceramics.
Heater the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described outside protective pipe inner space is equipped with insulation, heat radiation
Good, the filling powder body of good thermal conduction of property.
Heater the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described filling powder body be powder boron nitride ceramics,
Silicon nitride ceramics or aluminium oxide.
Heater the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described outside protective pipe internal medium is vacuum.
Heater the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described stop collar is positioned at the bottom of described outside protective pipe；
Described stop collar is arranged above with groove, and the bottom of described temperature-measuring heat couple pipe is against on described groove.
Heater the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described stop collar is by graphite, carbon element or carbon fibre material
Make.
Heater the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include that heat shield, described heat shield draw described in being positioned at
Go out between electrode and described first cold end and between described extraction electrode and described second cold end.
Heater the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include connection sheet and lower connection sheet；
Described upper connection sheet and lower connection sheet are made up of boron nitride, silicon nitride or aluminium oxide；
First cold end and the second cold end are relatively fixed connection by described upper connection sheet and lower connection sheet；
Described first cold end and the second cold end are not in contact with each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620733317.0U CN205883609U (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620733317.0U CN205883609U (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205883609U true CN205883609U (en) | 2017-01-11 |
Family
ID=57695907
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620733317.0U Withdrawn - After Issue CN205883609U (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN205883609U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105960033A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-09-21 | 北京中兴实强陶瓷轴承有限公司 | Heater |
-
2016
- 2016-07-12 CN CN201620733317.0U patent/CN205883609U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105960033A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-09-21 | 北京中兴实强陶瓷轴承有限公司 | Heater |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170111 Effective date of abandoning: 20221223 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20170111 Effective date of abandoning: 20221223 |