A kind of microbial manure
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial manure field.
Background technology
Along with the development of green economy, efficient, cheap fertilizer is increasingly needed in plant husbandry badly.
But, in the prior art, for the preparation of microbial manure, there is also fermentation period length,
Rotten degree is the highest, the unconspicuous shortcoming of effect of increasing production.Therefore, preparation-obtained fertilizer cost
High and effect is unsatisfactory.
CN 103332982 A discloses and a kind of prepares the composite microbe fertilizer for planting fruit trees
The method of material.But the method causes production cost owing to its process is loaded down with trivial details, proportioning raw materials is complicated
Higher, it is unfavorable for producing on a large scale, it is difficult to the development of substantial promotion industry.
To this end, this area is needed badly seeks the microorganism that a kind of preparation method is simple, effect of increasing production is good
Fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of microbial manure,
This fertilizer can at least improve crop yield more than 10%.This microbial manure includes function bacterium
And biological organic fertilizer;Described function bacterium includes bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, side spore
At least one in bacillus brevis, bacillus megaterium;The addition of described function bacterium is the lowest
In 0.2 hundred million/gram microbial manures;Described biological organic fertilizer is prepared by method A or method B:
Method A includes step:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, total nutrient
Content is 6.0~6.5%;Described fermentation substrate includes dreg;
(2) pre fermentation: arrange waste height≤3m, fermentation raw material water content is 50~60%;
(3) trough type fermentation: carry out step (2) gains stacking into groove, heap height is set
Degree≤3m, fermentation raw material water content is 40~50%;When heap temperature is increased to 50~55 DEG C
And continue more than 1 day time carry out turning over fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 2~4 days, trough type fermentation time
Between be 20~25 days;
(4) pile fermentation: arrange waste height≤6m, step (3) gains water content is
35~40%;After heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and persistently 2~3 days, carry out turning over fertilizer,
Turning over disposable fertilizer every 5~7 days, the time of pile fermentation is 20~25 days;
(5) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 50 DEG C and less, step (4)
Gains water content be 35% and following time, step (3) gains are carried out broken sub-sieve;
(6) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (5) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Put waste height≤6m, within every 7~10 days, turn over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 40 DEG C
And below, step (5) gains water content be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer is the most rotten
Ripe complete, obtain decomposed manure;
Method B includes step:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, total nutrient
Content is 6.0~6.5%;Described fermentation substrate includes dreg;
(2) pre fermentation: gained fermentation raw material in step (1) is carried out bar buttress compost, arranges
Waste height≤2m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 3-5cm, and punching is arrived deeply
The end, when heap temperature is increased to more than 50 DEG C, once turn over fertilizer, and proceed to compost and send out
Ferment district;
(3) pile fermentation: step (2) gains are carried out pile fermentation, heap height is set
Degree≤3m, carries out turning over fertilizer, often when heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and continues 2-3 days
Turning over disposable fertilizer every 3~5 days, the time of pile fermentation is 20-30 days;
(4) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (3) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Put waste height≤6m, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, carry out turning over fertilizer, every 7~10
It turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 40 DEG C and less, and step (3) gains
Water content be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains decomposed manure.
As shown in an experimental example of the present invention, the rotten degree of the microbial manure of gained of the present invention
The highest, preparation process is simple, and the effect of increasing production for crop is fairly obvious, is particularly suitable for producing
The popularization and application of industry.
Preferably, in described method step A (2), during pre fermentation, heap temperature reaches
When 35~40 DEG C, pre fermentation process stops.
Preferably, in described method step A (1), in fermentation substrate, dreg content is by weight
Percentages is more than 60%;In described method step B (1), in fermentation substrate, dreg contains
Amount is more than 60% by weight percentage.
Preferably, in described method step A (1), described fermentation substrate also includes that city is raw
At least one in rubbish alive, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry;Described method step B (1)
In, described fermentation substrate also includes in domestic waste, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry
At least one.
Preferably, described microbial manure also includes N P and K inorganic nutrients;Described N P and K without
The addition of machine nutrient is more than the 6% of microbial manure gross weight.
Preferably, described function bacterium is bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, described function bacterium is bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus.More there is choosing
, the addition of bacillus subtilis is 1.046 hundred million/gram microbial manures, the short bud of side spore
The addition of spore bar is 0.115 hundred million/gram microbial manures.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
1, the preparation method of microbial manure of the present invention is simple, with low cost, and humic degree is high,
Odorless, it is easy to use;
2, microbial manure of the present invention is good for the effect of increasing production of economic fruit tree, and amount of application is few.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be with
Lower embodiment is only intended to be further detailed the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as the present invention
The restriction of protection domain, the person skilled in the art in this field is made according to foregoing invention content
Some nonessential improvement and adjustment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Prepare biological organic fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%;
(2) trough type fermentation: carry out step (1) gained fermentation raw material stacking into groove, arrange
Waste height is 2.5m, and fermentation raw material water content is 50%, and 30cm is deep in record observation every day
Place's heap temperature situation of change, uses when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C and continues 2 days and turns over
Fertile machine carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, and fermentation time is 22 days;
(3) pile fermentation: after 22 days trough type fermentations, step (2) gains are without bright
Aobvious stink, now produces it from fermentation tank, carries out pile fermentation, and waste height is 5m,
Step (2) gains water content is 38%;Every day, 30cm depths heap temperature observed in record
Situation of change, after heap temperature is increased to 58 DEG C and persistently 3 days, uses large-duty loader
Carrying out turning over fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 6 days, fermentation time is 23 days;
(4) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 48 DEG C, step (3) gained
When thing water content is maintained at 34%, broken sizing equipment is used to be carried out by step (3) gains
Broken sub-sieve;
(5) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (4) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Putting waste height is 5m, within every 8 days, turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step
(4) when gains water content is down to 28%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic
Fertile.
Adding bacillus subtilis in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is 0.2 hundred million/gram
Microbial manure, obtains microbial manure.
Embodiment 2
Carry out trough type fermentation according to the following steps and prepare biological organic fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%;
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is proceeded to pre fermentation district and stacks,
Arranging waste height is 2.5m, and fermentation raw material water content is 60%;
(3) trough type fermentation: measure when 30cm depths, top heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C, will
Step (2) gains proceed to carry out in fermentation tank trough type fermentation, and arranging waste height is 2.5m,
Step (2) gains water content is 50%, and every day, 30cm depths heap temperature observed in record
Situation of change, uses fertilizer turning-over machine to turn over when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C and continues 2 days
Fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, and fermentation time is 22 days;
(4) pile fermentation: after 22 days trough type fermentations, step (3) gains are without bright
Aobvious stink, now produces it from fermentation tank, carries out pile fermentation, and arranging waste height is
5m, step (3) gains water content is 38%;Every day, 30cm depths heap observed in record
Temperature situation of change, after heap temperature is increased to 58 DEG C and persistently 3 days, uses large-scale
Loader carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 6 days, and fermentation time is 23 days;
(5) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 48 DEG C, step (4) gained
When thing water content is maintained at 34%, broken sizing equipment is used to be carried out by step (4) gains
Broken sub-sieve;
(6) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (5) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Putting waste height is 5m, within every 8 days, turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step
(5) when gains water content is down to 28%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, must become thoroughly decomposed organic
Fertile.
Brevibacillus laterosporus is added in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is 0.5 hundred million/
Gram microbial manure, obtains microbial manure.
Embodiment 3
Carry out trough type fermentation according to the following steps and prepare fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, takes cleaning plastic pocket, stone etc.
70 parts of dregs after impurity, 10 parts of pig manures, 20 parts of cattle manure mix homogeneously, be added thereto to withered
Grass bacillus cereus, Brevibacillus laterosporus and nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, regulate total compound
C/N ratio is 25, and total nutrient content is 6.5%;
(2) trough type fermentation: carry out step (1) gained fermentation raw material stacking into groove, arrange
Waste height is 2m, and fermentation raw material water content is 40%, and every day, 30cm depths observed in record
Heap temperature situation of change, uses when heap temperature is increased to 55 DEG C and continues 1 day and turns over fertilizer
Machine carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 2 days, and fermentation time is 25 days;
(3) pile fermentation: after 25 days trough type fermentations, step (2) gains are without bright
Aobvious stink, now produces it from fermentation tank, carries out pile fermentation, and arranging waste height is
5.5m, step (2) gains water content is 35%;Every day, 30cm depths heap observed in record
Temperature situation of change, after heap temperature is increased to 60 DEG C and persistently 2 days, uses large-scale
Loader carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 7 days, and fermentation time is 20 days;
(4) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 45 DEG C, step (3) gained
When thing water content is maintained at 30%, broken sizing equipment is used to be carried out by step (3) gains
Broken sub-sieve;
(5) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (4) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Putting waste height is 5.5m, within every 9 days, turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step
(4) when gains water content is down to 25%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic
Fertile.
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and N P and K is added in gained biological organic fertilizer
Inorganic nutrients, the addition of bacillus subtilis is 1.046 hundred million/gram microbial manures, side
The addition of spore short spore bar is 0.115 hundred million/gram microbial manures, N P and K inorganic nutrients
Addition is microbial manure gross weight 6.5%, obtain microbial manure.
Embodiment 4
Carry out buttress formula fermentation according to the following steps and prepare fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 70 parts of dregs, 10 parts of pig manures,
20 parts of cattle manure mix homogeneously, be added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 25, and total nutrient content is 6.5%;
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap is set
Height is 1.8m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 5cm, and punching is arrived deeply
The end, when heap temperature is increased to 53 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district;
(3) pile fermentation: step (2) gains are carried out pile fermentation, heap height is set
Degree is 2m, and every day measures away from 30cm depths, top heap temperature, when heap temperature is increased to
Carry out turning over fertilizer when 58 DEG C and lasting 2 days, turned over disposable fertilizer every 5 days, the time of pile fermentation
It it is 30 days;
(4) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: after 30 days pile fermentations, by step (3) gained
Thing carries out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and arranging waste height is 5.5m, and every day measures away from top 30cm
Depths heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 53 DEG C, carries out turning over fertilizer, within every 10 days, turns over disposable fertilizer,
When heap temperature is down to 32 DEG C, and step (3) gains water content is down to 25%, organic
Fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and N P and K is added in gained biological organic fertilizer
Inorganic nutrients, the addition of bacillus subtilis is 1.046 hundred million/gram microbial manures, side
The addition of spore short spore bar is 0.115 hundred million/gram microbial manures, N P and K inorganic nutrients
Addition is microbial manure gross weight 6%, obtain microbial manure.
Embodiment 5
Carry out buttress formula fermentation according to the following steps and prepare fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%;
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap is set
Height is 1.5m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 4cm, and punching is arrived deeply
The end, when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district;
(3) pile fermentation: step (2) gains are carried out pile fermentation, heap height is set
Degree is 2.5m, measures every day away from 30cm depths, top heap temperature, when heap temperature raises
To 56 DEG C and continue 3 days time carry out turning over fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, pile fermentation time
Between be 25 days;
(4) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 48 DEG C, step (3) gained
When thing water content is 32%, step (3) gains are carried out broken sub-sieve;
(5) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (4) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, heap is set
Height is 5m, and every day measures away from 30cm depths, top heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches
When 52 DEG C, carry out turning over fertilizer, within every 8 days, turn over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, step
(3) when gains water content is down to 28%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic
Fertile.
Adding bacillus megaterium in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is that 100,000,000/gram are micro-
Bio-feritlizer, obtains microbial manure.
Embodiment 6
Carry out buttress formula fermentation according to the following steps and prepare fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%;
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap is set
Height is 1.5m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 4cm, and punching is arrived deeply
The end, when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district;
(3) pile fermentation: step (2) gains are carried out pile fermentation, heap height is set
Degree is 2.5m, measures every day away from 30cm depths, top heap temperature, when heap temperature raises
To 56 DEG C and continue 3 days time carry out turning over fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, pile fermentation time
Between be 25 days;
(4) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: after 25 days pile fermentations, by step (3) gained
Thing carries out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and arranging waste height is 5m, and every day measures away from top 30cm
Depths heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 52 DEG C, carries out turning over fertilizer, within every 8 days, turns over disposable fertilizer,
When heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step (3) gains water content is down to 28%, organic
Fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Adding bacillus megaterium in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is that 100,000,000/gram are micro-
Bio-feritlizer, obtains microbial manure.
Experimental example 1
The index of correlation measurement result of embodiment 1-6 gained biological organic fertilizer is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Experimental example 2
Embodiment 1-6 gained microbial manure is used for the plantation of Fructus Capsici, uses 30kg for every mu
Embodiment 1-6 gained microbial manure, uses 30kg Stanley compound fertilizer (nitrogen equally with every mu
15%-phosphorus 15%-potassium 15%) as a control group.After fertilising 40-50 days, gather setting number,
Every strain tumor body number data, apply fertilizer latter 60 days and gather prevalence (streak virus) data.Experiment
Result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Experimental example 3
Embodiment 1-6 gained microorganism fertilizer is used for the plantation of summer orange, uses embodiment 1-6 for every mu
Gained microorganism fertilizer 280kg, matched group is the compound of CN103332982A embodiment 3 record
Microorganism fertilizer, the fertile amount of application of matched group is annual 350kg.Statistics yield, result such as table 3
Shown in.
Table 3