CN105941858A - Winter carp feed additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a winter carp feed additive. The winter carp feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials of semen cassiae, wolfberry fruit, bark of eucommia, rhizoma dioscoreae, honeysuckle flower, chrysanthemum flower, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, China rose, Chinese prickly ash, acacia catechu, dried orange peel, bark of tree peony root, pagoda leaf, sweet potato, strawberry powder, stevia rebaudiana, sesbania aculeate, maca powder, native achyranthes, Chinese gall, cortex cinnamomi, banana meal and spirulina. The winter carp feed additive has the beneficial effects that the green and environment-friendly characteristics are realized; the growth function of overwintering carp can be well improved, the feeding cost is lower, the conversion rate of feed is higher, the safety is realized, the disease rate of overwintering carp is reduced, the anti-disease capability is improved, the quality of ketone body is improved, the physiological activity is improved, and the better economic effect is guaranteed.

Description

One carp fooder additive in winter

Technical field

The present invention relates to breeding feed technical field, particularly relate to one carp fooder additive in winter.

Background technology

Cyprinus carpio is that the people of one of main fish of northerner's eating, the particularly Huanghe valley treat as lucky food Cyprinus carpio Product, Cyprinus carpio is the most extensively cultivated in the north, and along with constantly popularizing of cultural technique, the intensive high-density breeding of Cyprinus carpio obtains Quickly upgrading, cultured output improves constantly.Cyprinus carpio in the north around the Spring Festival sales volume very big, price is higher, causes Cyprinus carpio to need big Scale is survived the winter.

And Cyprinus carpio runs into the phenomenon of many difficulties of surviving the winter, such as 1. Trichodina long-term parasitic fish body, can gradually adapt to low water temperature And survive in the winter time, cause Cyprinus carpio pruritus in winter to climb limit, the symptom such as swim of bunching, if taken measures not in time, and then Cold injury can be formed, multiply all diseases of fish molds, form slow death etc..2. argulus the most easily colonizes in Cyprinus carpio body surface, and survive the winter period fish carp louse Parasitic amount is excessive, and fish carp louse can stimulate Cyprinus carpio body surface secreting mucus, can cause disturbance with macrura reevesii carp louse, cause Cyprinus carpio not under scale Peace, the normal floating water surface, the chronic upset of subglacial, and then cold injury often and scale is dead.3. during carp overwintering, saline and alkaline is restrained oneself Ability is little, restrains oneself the limit (salinity ＞ 15, PH ＞ 9.5) and can be formed if arriving and sink to the bottom death, entire PLA's destruction time serious.4. Cyprinus carpio is more Can cross the reasons such as green partially fertile and weather because of water quality and suffer from gas bubble disease between the teletostage, the gas bubble disease broken with tremendous force can cause extensive dead Dying, gas bubble disease is most commonly seen the most around the Spring Festival, and the state bubble disease big at the shallow and ice-bound thickness of water level is the most serious.The least Salt-soda soil, the Primnesium saltans main harm north (salinity 2-10, pH value 8-9) fish pond, the past is that summer and autumn is popular, the most falls ill Winter moves, and this is relevant with the variation adaptability of Prymnesium parvum Carter, climbs the poly-heap in limit and angle, the crowded pool during mainly showing as carp overwintering, What sick slightly macrura reevesii drove then walks, and it is dead that tripe is benumbed and turned over to serious rear Fish, and the icing of waters, ill Hou Tang angle is thin maybe can not freeze.⑥ Fishing for winter frequently, Cyprinus carpio body surface scale comes off, and skin major injuries adds water pollution etc., can cause mycete and fungus Infection is spread unchecked, and sick fish roaming, body colour are gloomy, often hemorrhage etc. with the gill, forms slow death, and this disease is more obstinate, and dead fish is relatively For seriously.7. the feeding quality that the phase of throwing something and feeding autumn selects does not passes a test, and Fish can cause subhealth state because of nutrition problem, mainly shows For symptoms such as swollen liver, black gallbladder, red spleen, blood kidney, fish oil exceed standard, these fishes there will be subglacial in period of surviving the winter and spin, roam, climb Limit, body be black, phenomenon of waiting indefinitely steathily, causes certain economic loss.The problem that all reality exists, the most serious annoyings the Cyprinus carpio that survives the winter The cultivation of fish, giving raises pigs brings interests damage.

How to improve the cultivation of the Cyprinus carpio that survives the winter, seasonal cultivation, improves the GF of Cyprinus carpio targetedly, improves cultivation Present situation, is the problem to be solved in the present invention.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of carp fooder additive.

In order to solve the problems referred to above, the present invention provides a kind of carp fooder additive, wherein, following raw material prepares: certainly Pine torch, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Flos Chrysanthemi, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, catechu, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, sweet Potato, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, thorn sesbania, maca powder, Radix Achyranthis, Galla Chinensis, Cortex Cinnamomi, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina.

Wherein, the parts by weight of described raw material are: Semen Cassiae 10-15 weight portion, Fructus Lycii 8-10 weight portion, Cortex Eucommiae 3-6 weight Amount part, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 6-10 weight portion, Flos Lonicerae 10-15 weight portion, Flos Chrysanthemi 10-15 weight portion, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 4-8 weight portion, Flos Rosae Chinensis 9-13 weight portion, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 1-3 weight portion, catechu 3-5 weight portion, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6-9 weight portion, Cortex Moutan 10-15 weight portion, Japanese pagodatree leaf 8- 12 weight portions, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 10-20 weight portion, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2-3 weight portion, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3-5 weight portion, thorn sesbania 2-4 weight portion, Maca Powder 1-2 weight portion, Radix Achyranthis 1-3 weight portion, Galla Chinensis 2-3 weight portion, Cortex Cinnamomi 2-5 weight portion, Fructus Musae powder 1-1.5 weight portion With spirulina 0.5-1 weight portion.

Wherein, the parts by weight of described raw material are: Semen Cassiae 13 weight portion, Fructus Lycii 9 weight portion, the Cortex Eucommiae 5 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 8 weight portions, Flos Lonicerae 12 weight portion, Flos Chrysanthemi 12 weight portion, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 6 weight portion, Flos Rosae Chinensis 10 weight portion, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 2 weight portion, Catechu 4 weight portion, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 8 weight portion, Cortex Moutan 12 weight portion, Japanese pagodatree leaf 10 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 15 weight portion, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2 weight Part, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3 weight portion, thorn sesbania 2 weight portion, maca powder 1 weight portion, Radix Achyranthis 2 weight portion, Galla Chinensis 2 weight portion, meat Osmanthus 3 weight portion, Fructus Musae powder 1 weight portion and spirulina 0.6 weight portion.

Wherein, preparation process is:

The first step, take Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae and Cortex Cinnamomi are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, then use supercritical carbon dioxide Extraction extracts, and extraction conditions is extracting pressure 32MPa, and temperature is 48 DEG C, and carbon dioxide flow is 40kg/h, during extraction Between be 75min, obtain Mixed chaotic sequences, dregs are standby；

Second step, by Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, clay ox Knee joint root, Galla Chinensis, catechu and thorn sesbania are mixed in described ratio, with the determining alcohol of 2 times of the mixture quality relative to acquisition It is the ethanol dissolving of 80%, extracts after being heated to reflux 3 hours, filter, obtain the first filtrate；By filtering residue again with relative to acquisition The ethanol of determining alcohol 80% of 1 times of mixture quality dissolve, extract after being heated to reflux 1 hour, filter, obtain the second filtrate； Merge the first filtrate and the second filtrate, decompression recycling ethanol to be concentrated into 30 DEG C of relative densities of solution be the concentrated solution of 1.2, Through the macroporous adsorptive resins eluting that volume is 5L, first with deionized water or the distilled water eluting of 5 times of resin column volumes, then with 3 The determining alcohol of times resin column volume is 90% ethanol elution, collects ethanol elution, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes ethanol, is dried and pulverizes Become powder；

The powder that 3rd step, the Mixed chaotic sequences first step obtained and second step obtain mixes；

4th step, in the mixture that the 3rd step obtains, add maca powder, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina, mix homogeneously, and be dried, make Pulverize with pulverizer, obtain particle diameter and cross the feed additive of 0.4mm-0.6mm.

In raw material, each composition has mutual synergism, has reached the purpose of the present invention.

Semen Cassiae: containing chrysophanol, rheum emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanic acid, emodin monoglucoside, emodin anthrone, big Flavin methyl ether, obtusin, aurantio-obtusin, and the composition such as rubrofusarin, Semen Cassiae pine, toralactone, have Blood pressure lowering, antifungal, raising immunity and liver protection effect.Fructus Lycii: contain carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid in Fructus Lycii, resist The compositions such as bad hematic acid, have the effects such as blood fat reducing, hepatoprotective, preventing tumor, it is possible to nourishing the liver；Nourishing kidney；Lung moistening.The Cortex Eucommiae: containing gutta-percha, sugar The compositions such as glycoside, alkaloid, pectin, fat, resin, organic acid, ketose, vitamin, aldose and chlorogenic acid, have blood pressure lowering, antibacterial, Antiinflammatory, raising immunity, strong, raising resistance etc. acts on.Rhizoma Dioscoreae: containing diosgenin, dopamine, hydrochloric acid Rhizoma Dioscoreae alkali, polyphenol Oxidase, aminoacid, the trace element such as baric, beryllium, cerium, there is invigorating the spleen to arrest diarrhea, the effect of invigorating the lung and the kidney.Flos Lonicerae: containing sweet-scented osmanthus Grass element, inositol about 1% and the composition such as Saponin, tannin, have the effects such as antibacterial, antiinflammatory, raising resistance and phylactic power defensive power.Flos Chrysanthemi: Flower is containing volatile oil, and composition is mainly Borneolum Syntheticum, Camphora, chrysanthenone, also becomes containing luteolin-7 glycoside, cosmosiin etc. Point, there is the effects such as protection cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessel, disease-resistant, dispelling wind, heat clearing away, improving eyesight and removing toxic substances.Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis: containing schizandrin, deoxidation five The compositions such as taste element, new son simply element, schisandrol, have the effects such as convergence astringent or styptic treatment for spontaneous sweating, supplementing QI for promoting the production of body fluid, mind tranquilizing and the heart calming.Flos Rosae Chinensis: Flower is containing volatile oil, and its composition major part is terpene alcohol compound, has the effects such as antifungal.Pericarpium Zanthoxyli: Pericarpium Zanthoxyli fruit contains volatile oil, Containing compositions such as geraniol, limonene, cumic alcohols in volatile oil, there is the regulation effect such as digestive system, antibacterial, anthelmintic.Catechu: contain The compositions such as catechutannic acid, cachou extract and epicatechol, phlegmatic temperament, fatty oil, natural gum and wax, have antidiarrheal, the effect such as antibacterial.Fructus Citri tangerinae Skin: containing volatile oil, the most predominantly limonene, have effects such as improving cardiovascular, antiinflammatory, antiulcer and function of gallbladder promoting.Cortex Moutan: contain Have containing compositions such as paeonol, paeonolide, paeonolide, paeoniflorins, there is regulation maincenter, antibacterial bacteriostatic.Antiinflammatories etc. act on. Japanese pagodatree leaf: containing globulariacitrin trace, has the effects such as high fever, hemorrhoidal hamorrhage, liver heat removing.Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae: containing protein, fat, carbohydrate, slightly fibre The compositions such as dimension, carotene, have the effect such as replenishing QI to invigorate the spleen, nourishing YIN and supplementing the kidney.The extract that Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder contains, it is possible to be greatly improved The feeding active of Cyprinus carpio.Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae contains sweetleaf glycosides, it is possible to increase the feeding active of Fish.Thorn sesbania carrying through ethanol extraction Taking thing and can reduce cholesterol, the speed of growth and utilization rate to Cyprinus carpio have good facilitation.The addition of maca powder, it is possible to Improve the survival rate of Cyprinus carpio, improve leucocyte content, improve immunity.Radix Achyranthis can improve the immunity of Cyprinus carpio.Five times Son: containing compositions such as Gallotannins, there is preferable fungistatic effect.Cortex Cinnamomi: containing volatile oil, is mainly composed of cinnamic aldehyde etc. and becomes Point, there is good fungistatic effect.Fructus Musae powder: containing vitamin, polyhydric phenols, and multiple dietary fiber, has promotion animal and is good for Health, activates white erythrocyte, promotes active factors growth, improves resistance against diseases and the liver function of Cyprinus carpio.Spirulina contains rich The materials such as the protein of richness, hydrochloric acid, creatine, have reduction cholesterol, regulation blood glucose, antioxidation, antitumor action.

The present invention has the benefit that the feed additive of the present invention, it is possible to preferably bacteriostasis and sterilization, and trace is high Effect, it is possible to preferably improving the GF of overwintering season Cyprinus carpio, feed cost relatively low, feed conversion rate is higher, safety, reduces Survive the winter the prevalence of Cyprinus carpio, improve premunition, improve ketone body quality, improve physiologically active, improve Cyprinus carpio ketone body quality, thus protect Card obtains preferable economic effect.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment is below used to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, whereby to the present invention how application technology means Solve technical problem, and the process that realizes reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.

Embodiment 1

A kind of winter carp fooder additive, wherein, the consumption of raw material: Semen Cassiae 10g, Fructus Lycii 8g, Cortex Eucommiae 3g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 6g, Flos Lonicerae 10g, Flos Chrysanthemi 10g, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 4g, Flos Rosae Chinensis 9g, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 1g, catechu 3g, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6g, Cortex Moutan 10g, Japanese pagodatree leaf 8g, sweet Potato 10g, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2g, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3g, thorn sesbania 2g, maca powder 1g, Radix Achyranthis 1g, Galla Chinensis 2g, Cortex Cinnamomi 2g, Fructus Musae powder 1g With spirulina 0.5g.

Its preparation method is:

The first step, take Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae and Cortex Cinnamomi are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, then use supercritical carbon dioxide Extraction extracts, and extraction conditions is extracting pressure 32MPa, and temperature is 48 DEG C, and carbon dioxide flow is 40kg/h, during extraction Between be 75min, obtain Mixed chaotic sequences, dregs are standby；

Second step, by Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, clay ox Knee joint root, Galla Chinensis, catechu and thorn sesbania are mixed in described ratio, with the determining alcohol of 2 times of the mixture quality relative to acquisition It is the ethanol dissolving of 80%, extracts after being heated to reflux 3 hours, filter, obtain the first filtrate；By filtering residue again with relative to acquisition The ethanol of determining alcohol 80% of 1 times of mixture quality dissolve, extract after being heated to reflux 1 hour, filter, obtain the second filtrate； Merge the first filtrate and the second filtrate, decompression recycling ethanol to be concentrated into 30 DEG C of relative densities of solution be the concentrated solution of 1.2, Through the macroporous adsorptive resins eluting that volume is 5L, first with deionized water or the distilled water eluting of 5 times of resin column volumes, then with 3 The determining alcohol of times resin column volume is 90% ethanol elution, collects ethanol elution, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes ethanol, is dried and pulverizes Become powder；

The powder that 3rd step, the Mixed chaotic sequences first step obtained and second step obtain mixes；

4th step, in the mixture that the 3rd step obtains, add maca powder, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina, mix homogeneously, and be dried, make Pulverize with pulverizer, obtain particle diameter and cross the feed additive of 0.4mm.

Embodiment 2

A kind of carp fooder additive, wherein, the consumption of raw material: Semen Cassiae 15g, Fructus Lycii 10g, Cortex Eucommiae 6g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 10g, gold silver Flower 15g, Flos Chrysanthemi 15g, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 8g, Flos Rosae Chinensis 13g, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 3g, catechu 5g, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 9g, Cortex Moutan 15g, Japanese pagodatree leaf 12g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 20g, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 3g, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 5g, thorn sesbania 4g, maca powder 2g, Radix Achyranthis 3g, Galla Chinensis 3g, Cortex Cinnamomi 5g, Fructus Musae powder 1.5g With spirulina 1g.

Its preparation method is:

The first step, take Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae and Cortex Cinnamomi are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, then use supercritical carbon dioxide Extraction extracts, and extraction conditions is extracting pressure 32MPa, and temperature is 48 DEG C, and carbon dioxide flow is 40kg/h, during extraction Between be 75min, obtain Mixed chaotic sequences, dregs are standby；

Second step, by Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, clay ox Knee joint root, Galla Chinensis, catechu and thorn sesbania are mixed in described ratio, with the determining alcohol of 2 times of the mixture quality relative to acquisition It is the ethanol dissolving of 80%, extracts after being heated to reflux 3 hours, filter, obtain the first filtrate；By filtering residue again with relative to acquisition The ethanol of determining alcohol 80% of 1 times of mixture quality dissolve, extract after being heated to reflux 1 hour, filter, obtain the second filtrate； Merge the first filtrate and the second filtrate, decompression recycling ethanol to be concentrated into 30 DEG C of relative densities of solution be the concentrated solution of 1.2, Through the macroporous adsorptive resins eluting that volume is 5L, first with deionized water or the distilled water eluting of 5 times of resin column volumes, then with 3 The determining alcohol of times resin column volume is 90% ethanol elution, collects ethanol elution, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes ethanol, is dried and pulverizes Become powder；

The powder that 3rd step, the Mixed chaotic sequences first step obtained and second step obtain mixes；

4th step, in the mixture that the 3rd step obtains, add maca powder, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina, mix homogeneously, and be dried, make Pulverize with pulverizer, obtain particle diameter and cross the feed additive of 0.6mm.

Embodiment 3

A kind of carp fooder additive, wherein, the consumption of raw material: Semen Cassiae 13g, Fructus Lycii 9g, Cortex Eucommiae 5g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 8g, Flos Lonicerae 12g, Flos Chrysanthemi 12g, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 6g, Flos Rosae Chinensis 10g, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 2g, catechu 4g, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 8g, Cortex Moutan 12g, Japanese pagodatree leaf 10g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 15g, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2g, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3g, thorn sesbania 2g, maca powder 1g, Radix Achyranthis 2g, Galla Chinensis 2g, Cortex Cinnamomi 3g, Fructus Musae powder 1g and Spirulina 0.6g.

Its preparation method is:

The first step, take Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae and Cortex Cinnamomi are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, then use supercritical carbon dioxide Extraction extracts, and extraction conditions is extracting pressure 32MPa, and temperature is 48 DEG C, and carbon dioxide flow is 40kg/h, during extraction Between be 75min, obtain Mixed chaotic sequences, dregs are standby；

Second step, by Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, clay ox Knee joint root, Galla Chinensis, catechu and thorn sesbania are mixed in described ratio, with the determining alcohol of 2 times of the mixture quality relative to acquisition It is the ethanol dissolving of 80%, extracts after being heated to reflux 3 hours, filter, obtain the first filtrate；By filtering residue again with relative to acquisition The ethanol of determining alcohol 80% of 1 times of mixture quality dissolve, extract after being heated to reflux 1 hour, filter, obtain the second filtrate； Merge the first filtrate and the second filtrate, decompression recycling ethanol to be concentrated into 30 DEG C of relative densities of solution be the concentrated solution of 1.2, Through the macroporous adsorptive resins eluting that volume is 5L, first with deionized water or the distilled water eluting of 5 times of resin column volumes, then with 3 The determining alcohol of times resin column volume is 90% ethanol elution, collects ethanol elution, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes ethanol, is dried and pulverizes Become powder；

The powder that 3rd step, the Mixed chaotic sequences first step obtained and second step obtain mixes；

4th step, in the mixture that the 3rd step obtains, add maca powder, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina, mix homogeneously, and be dried, make Pulverize with pulverizer, obtain particle diameter and cross the feed additive of 0.5mm.

The safety testing of feed additive

1. acute toxicity:

Experimental animal: cleaning grade Kun Ming mice, body weight 18 ~ 20g, 20, male and female half and half.Full nutrition growth feedstuff by Jin Mu feed corporation,Ltd of Zhengzhou City provides.

Test method: select maximum tolerated dose method.Take the cleaning grade Kunming kind that 20 body weight are healthy for 18 ~ 20g little White mouse, each 10 of male and female.Before test, fasting 16h(is overnight), can't help water.Take the feed additive 5g of the embodiment of the present invention 1, use 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose is diluted to 20mL.Dividing upper and lower noon every bis-per os gavages of 4h, after gavage, 2h enters for the second time Food, total given low is 10g (kg bw)-1.Continuous Observation 14d, record poisoning manifestations and death condition.

Result mean+SD represents, uses SPSS 17.0 to carry out statistical analysis.The acute toxicity tests Carrying out single factor test variance (one-way ANOVA) to analyze, P < 0.05 is significance of difference criterion, and P < 0.01 is difference pole Notable criterion.

Result

Table 1 is the result of vital sign

As shown in Table 1, after experiment terminates, all mices are the most without exception during testing, and drink water, search for food and feces is all normal, All survivals；The weight gain of two kinds of sex mices has no notable difference (p ＞ 0.05).After off-test, whole mices are taken off Neck is put to death, and dissects, and the internal organs such as the perusal heart, liver, spleen, lung, stomach, kidney, thymus all do not occur that abnormal pathologic changes.Result table Bright, the feed additive LD of the present invention₅₀＞ 10mg/kg.bw, belongs to nontoxic rank.

2. mutagenicity:

2. mouse marrow cell micro nuclear test: 50 Kunming mouses (body weight 25 ~ 35g, male and female half and half) divide 5 groups at random, often group 10.Use 30h test method(s), the feed additive dosage of embodiments of the invention 2 is respectively 0.5,5,10g (kg Bw)-1, negative control pond uses 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose, each test group to use gavage method, positive control pond with negative group Use 0.04g (kg bw)-1 cyclophosphamide lumbar injection.Micronuclear rates pole, positive control pond is significantly higher than negative control pond (P <0.01), each dosage group micronuclear rates and PCE/RBC value be not notable (P>0.05) with negative control pond difference, and without dose response Relation, show under this dosage the feed additive of the present invention on Micronucleus without impact, and no cytotoxicity is made With；

The chronicest or subchronic toxicity:

Experimental animal:

Cleaning grade Wistar rat, body weight 150 ~ 180g, 80, male and female half and half.The limited public affairs of feedstuff are herded by Zhengzhou City's gold Department provides, and complete feed is same.

Feeding method

Table 2 is feed mode

Group	Low dose group	Middle dosage group	High dose group	Comparison pond
					Feed	The feed additive of 0.5% embodiment 3+rat complete feed	The feed additive of 2% embodiment 3+rat complete feed	The feed additive of 10% embodiment 3+rat complete feed	Rat complete feed

Use, often group male and female half-and-half, experimental animal free choice feeding, drinking-water are tested in rat isolation after feeding one week.

(1) physiochemical indice:

General index: observing the searching for food of rat, drink water, fall ill and the situation such as death, morning and evening every day twice, body weight and feedstuff are every Week respectively claims once, and calculates average weight gain, feed intake, starting weight, end weight and efficiency of feed utilization.

Hematological indices: 30d feeds after terminating, blood sampling sample, mensuration erythrocyte (Red blood cell count, RBC), leukocyte (White blood cell count, WBC), hemoglobin (Hemoglobin, HGB), lymphocyte number (Lymphocyte, LYM) and leukocyte differential count.

Biochemical indicator: 30d feeds after terminating, and gathers Rat blood samples centrifuging and taking serum, measures glutamate pyruvate transaminase, paddy Grass transaminase, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, triglyceride, T-CHOL, blood glucose etc..

(2) pathological examination:

Postmortem: observing and record the naked eyes change of each system organ, tissue, typical cytopathic is taken pictures.

Organ coefficient: the tissues such as heart, liver, kidney, spleen, testis or ovary and body weight are weighed, and calculate internal organs system Number.

Histological examination: while above-mentioned Dissection test animal changes with perusal, core dirty, kidney, spleen, liver Dirty,

The organs and tissues 1 ~ 2 piece such as stomach, testis or ovary, fix with formalin, paraffin embedding, section, HE(H Ematine, HE) dyeing, basis of microscopic observation record organization change.

Data process:

Result mean+SD represents, uses SPSS 17.0 to carry out statistical analysis.Feeding trial result carries out Dan Yin Element variance (one-way ANOVA) is analyzed；P < 0.05 is significance of difference criterion, and P < 0.01 significantly sentences for difference Disconnected standard.

Result

1. general index table 3

Project	Low dose group	Middle dosage group	High dose group	Comparison pond
					Increased weight (g)	172±7	173.5±7.3	172.5±7.3	173.8±7.9
Food-intake (g)	576.3±7	573.5±5	574.2±6	572.4±7
					Food utilization (%)	31±1.4	32.5±1.4	30.5±2.3	30.1±2.8

As shown in Table 3, weight gain, total food-intake and food use after the feed additive feed rat 30d of the present invention Rate with comparison pond compared with all without significant difference (P > 0.05).

2. hematological indices

Table 4 index (1)

From table 4, compared with comparison pond, the feed additive of the present invention feeds the white thin of male and female rat after rat 30 d Born of the same parents, erythrocyte, hemoglobin and differential blood count difference is not the most notable (P > 0.05).

3. blood parameters

Table 5 index (1)

Table 6 index (2)

From table 5 and table 6, compared with comparison pond, 9 blood after the nursing group rat 30d of the feed additive of the present invention Biochemical indicator difference the most inconspicuous (P ＞ 0.05).

4. pathological examination

Dissect each group of rat after off-test and carry out gross necropsy.Respectively organize on rat trachea, heart, thoracic aorta, liver, kidney, kidney Gland, stomach, caecum, colon, rectum, pancreas, part mesenteric lymph node, mammary gland, duodenum, jejunum, prostate, testis, attached The tissue such as testis seminal vesicle or ovary, uterus, vagina, sciatic nerve, bladder, skin shows no obvious abnormalities.

Table 7 is the internal organs weight ratio of each group

From upper table 7, the organ weight ratio after the rat 30d of the group of the feed additive of the feeding present invention compares difference not Substantially (P ＞ 0.05).

5. organs and tissues pathologic finding

After off-test, how many rat hearts, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, testis or ovary are carried out HE dyeing, see under the microscope Examining, each dosage group has no any obvious exception compared with comparison pond.

Comprehensively, the feed additive of the present invention had not both had acute toxicity, mutagenicity, did not had chronic or sub-chronic poison yet Property.

Contrast test:

Choosing the new mouth fingerling that carp fingerling is 1 age in days, fingerling is after 3% saline solution sterilization, in November, 2015 overwintering season Render to successively test in pond.Four test ponds, each test pond specification is 2 mu, and the depth of water about 1.2 meters enters draining Convenient, all through desilting, the solarization pool, lime disinfection and training water.The fingerling stocking pattern of four test tanks is basically identical, fingerling Gross weight is 240kg, and fingerling specification is about 60g/ tail, and fingerling quantity is 4000 tails, and 1000 tails are thrown in each pond.

Unified management is responsible for by special messenger in all test ponds.Adhere to that science is thrown something and fed, according to water quality, weather, the movement pattern of fish and fish Growth stage adjust day feeding volume.

Being equipped with carp feed, formula is: soybean cake 50%, fish flour 15%, wheat bran 18%, Testa oryzae 15%, vitamin 1%, inorganic salt 1%。

Table 8 is the feeding feed stuff in each pond

Feedstuff	Test tank one	Test tank two	Test tank three	Comparison pond
					Feedstuff	Feed additive+the carp feed of 0.1% embodiment 1	Feed additive+the carp feed of 0.1% embodiment 2	Feed additive+the carp feed of 0.1% embodiment 3	Carp feed

Feed carry out period be in January ,-2016 in November, 2015, the trimestral time, throw something and feed number of times three times a day, feeding volume with The fry of 98% disperses and is as the criterion.

Result

(1) what table 9 was each group feeds increased weight and feed coefficient contrast

Group

Initial average weight (kg)

Initial population weight (kg)

Whole TBW (kg)

TBW increment (kg)

Feed coefficient

Survival rate

Test tank one

0.06

60.2±0.52

734.2±1

673.5±1.2

2.3±0.5

97.2%

Test tank two

0.06

60.2±0.51

728.2±2

668.2±1.3

2.25±0.3

97.4%

Test tank three

0.06

60.3±0.45

732.2±1

671.7±1.4

2.18±0.5

97.6%

Comparison pond

0.06

60.3±0.56

429.2±2

368.8±1.5

4.2±0.6

85%

As shown in Table 9, the feeding effect of three test tanks is better than comparison pond, and increased weight relatively compares pond and wants fast, and feedstuff Coefficient is little, and survival rate is high.

100 tail Cyprinus carpio anatomic observations are randomly choosed from each test tank

And carry out the numerical value such as muscle protein, lysine of wandering about as a refugee, histidine and connective tissue ratio (2).Table 10

Group	Muscle protein (%)	Muscle connective tissue (%)	Collagen of muscle (%)
				Test tank one	15.3±2.5	11.3±2.5	7.23±1.13
Test tank two	15.8±2.23	12.3±2.5	7.43±1.22
				Test tank three	15.7±2.43	12.3±2.3	7.3±1.43
Comparison pond	7.3±2.5	6.3±2.5	5.3±1.23

Owing to muscle protein composition affects ketone body quality, understand thus through comparing, the Cyprinus carpio sample muscle egg of three test tanks White matter compares for comparison pond, has had the biggest growth, and intramuscular connective tissue also has greatly improved, thus bigger Improving Cyprinus carpio ketone body quality, the increase of collagen of muscle makes Cyprinus carpio have the most solid grain of meat.

(3) the muscle conventional nutrients table 11 of each group is studied

Project	Comparison pond	Test tank one	Test tank two	Test tank three
					Dry (DM)	23.2±0.45	23.4±0.5	23.1±0.7	23.4±0.5
Crude protein (CP)	19.3±0.5	19.3±0.8	19.3±0.6	19.8±0.4
					Crude fat (EE)	1.8±1.1	1.6±1.2	1.4±0.8	1.2±0.6
Coarse ash (ASH)	1.3±0.2	1.3±0.2	1.5±0.13	1.6±0.2
					Calcium	0.06±0.01	0.08±0.01	0.09±0.01	0.1±0.01
Phosphorus	0.21±0.01	0.24±0.03	0.25±0.03	0.25±0.03

Result shows, shows that the feed additive of the present invention is to the deposition of CP, ASH, Ca, P in carp muscle and crude fat Degraded has remarkable result.

Table 12 is the organ weight ratio of each group

Group	Comparison pond	Test tank one	Test tank two	Test tank three
					Internal organs ratio	12.04±3.62	12.13±3.67	12.09±3.69	12.12±3.67
Liver weight ratio	2.15±0.45	2.21±0.34	2.16±0.41	2.15±0.52
					Kidney weight ratio	0.43±0.16	0.44±0.13	0.45±0.21	0.46±0.23
Spleen weight ratio	0.21±0.05	0.22±0.06	0.20±0.05	0.21±0.04

As shown in Table 12, the Cyprinus carpio sample organ weight ratio of each group shows no obvious abnormalities, and dissects each group after off-test and enter Row perusal, each tissue shows no obvious abnormalities.

Typical case:

1, there is that Trichodina epidemic situation, a large amount of Trichodinas gather fish body in November, 2014 in Liaocheng City one aquaculture base, occurs big Batch Cyprinus carpio pruritus climbs limit, and the symptom such as swim of bunching, white tripe phenomenon have occurred turning in existing 1/5th Cyprinus carpios, cause a large amount of underproduction.Existing It is equipped with the feed additive 0.1% of the embodiment of the present invention 1 to be mixed into and feed intake every day in Cyprinus carpio conventional feed 3 times, through one month raise Hello, epidemic situation is greatly improved.Dead fish phenomenon do not occur after dead fish before fishing for, residue Cyprinus carpio sign of life is steady.

2, Dezhou City one aquaculture base, in December, 2015, there is argulus epidemic situation, fish carp louse stimulates the secretion of Cyprinus carpio body surface viscous Liquid, can cause disturbance with macrura reevesii carp louse under scale, causes Cyprinus carpio uneasy, and the normal floating water surface, the often chronic upset of subglacial cause big The amount underproduction.Now it is equipped with the feed additive 0.1% of the embodiment of the present invention 2 to be mixed into and feed intake every day in Cyprinus carpio conventional feed 3 times, passes through One month feed, epidemic situation is greatly improved, and Cyprinus carpio sign of life is steady.

3, Qingzhou City one aquaculture base, in January, 2015, cultivates Cyprinus carpio, and the feedstuff being equipped with the embodiment of the present invention 3 adds Agent 0.1% is mixed into and feeds intake every day in Cyprinus carpio conventional feed 3 times, survival rate to 98.6%.

4, Hebei one aquaculture base, climbs the poly-heap in limit and angle, the crowded pool, part Cyprinus carpio in January, 2016 during carp overwintering Occurring that drives then walks, there is paralysis and turns over tripe death in part Cyprinus carpio, and the feed additive 0.1% being now equipped with the embodiment of the present invention 3 mixes Entering and feed intake every day in Cyprinus carpio conventional feed 3 times, through one month feed, epidemic situation was greatly improved, and Cyprinus carpio sign of life is put down Surely.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. one kind winter carp fooder additive, it is characterised in that prepared by following raw material: Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, mountain Medicine, Flos Lonicerae, Flos Chrysanthemi, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, catechu, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, thorn Sesbania, maca powder, Radix Achyranthis, Galla Chinensis, Cortex Cinnamomi, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina.

Winter the most according to claim 1 carp fooder additive, it is characterised in that the parts by weight of described raw material For: Semen Cassiae 10-15 weight portion, Fructus Lycii 8-10 weight portion, Cortex Eucommiae 3-6 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 6-10 weight portion, Flos Lonicerae 10-15 Weight portion, Flos Chrysanthemi 10-15 weight portion, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 4-8 weight portion, Flos Rosae Chinensis 9-13 weight portion, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 1-3 weight portion, catechu 3-5 Weight portion, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 6-9 weight portion, Cortex Moutan 10-15 weight portion, Japanese pagodatree leaf 8-12 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 10-20 weight portion, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2-3 weight portion, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3-5 weight portion, thorn sesbania 2-4 weight portion, maca powder 1-2 weight portion, Radix Achyranthis 1-3 weight portion, Galla Chinensis 2-3 weight portion, Cortex Cinnamomi 2-5 weight portion, Fructus Musae powder 1-1.5 weight portion and spirulina 0.5-1 weight portion.

Winter the most according to claim 1 and 2 carp fooder additive, it is characterised in that the weight portion of described raw material Number is: Semen Cassiae 13 weight portion, Fructus Lycii 9 weight portion, the Cortex Eucommiae 5 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 8 weight portion, Flos Lonicerae 12 weight portion, Flos Chrysanthemi 12 Weight portion, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 6 weight portion, Flos Rosae Chinensis 10 weight portion, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 2 weight portion, catechu 4 weight portion, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae 8 weight portion, Paeonia suffruticosa Skin 12 weight portion, Japanese pagodatree leaf 10 weight portion, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae 15 weight portion, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae powder 2 weight portion, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae 3 weight portion, thorn sesbania 2 weight Part, maca powder 1 weight portion, Radix Achyranthis 2 weight portion, Galla Chinensis 2 weight portion, Cortex Cinnamomi 3 weight portion, Fructus Musae powder 1 weight portion and spiral shell Rotation algae 0.6 weight portion.

4. according to the carp fooder additive in winter described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that preparation process is:

The first step, take Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Rosae Chinensis, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli, Pericarpium Citri tangerinae and Cortex Cinnamomi are pulverized, cross 80 mesh sieves, then use supercritical carbon dioxide Extraction extracts, and extraction conditions is extracting pressure 32MPa, and temperature is 48 DEG C, and carbon dioxide flow is 40kg/h, during extraction Between be 75min, obtain Mixed chaotic sequences, dregs are standby；

Second step, by Semen Cassiae, Fructus Lycii, the Cortex Eucommiae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Flos Lonicerae, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Cortex Moutan, Japanese pagodatree leaf, Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae, clay ox Knee joint root, Galla Chinensis, catechu and thorn sesbania are mixed in described ratio, with the determining alcohol of 2 times of the mixture quality relative to acquisition It is the ethanol dissolving of 80%, extracts after being heated to reflux 3 hours, filter, obtain the first filtrate；By filtering residue again with relative to acquisition The ethanol of determining alcohol 80% of 1 times of mixture quality dissolve, extract after being heated to reflux 1 hour, filter, obtain the second filtrate； Merge the first filtrate and the second filtrate, decompression recycling ethanol to be concentrated into 30 DEG C of relative densities of solution be the concentrated solution of 1.2, Through the macroporous adsorptive resins eluting that volume is 5L, first with deionized water or the distilled water eluting of 5 times of resin column volumes, then with 3 The determining alcohol of times resin column volume is 90% ethanol elution, collects ethanol elution, and concentrating under reduced pressure removes ethanol, is dried and pulverizes Become powder；

The powder that 3rd step, the Mixed chaotic sequences first step obtained and second step obtain mixes；

4th step, in the mixture that the 3rd step obtains, add maca powder, Fructus Musae powder and spirulina, mix homogeneously, and be dried, make Pulverize with pulverizer, obtain particle diameter and cross the feed additive of 0.4mm-0.6mm.