CN105918035A - Intercropping method for Rlbes nigrum - Google Patents

Abstract

The title of the invention is an intercropping method for Rlbes nigrum, relates to the intercropping technique of the Rlbes nigrum, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The invention provides an intercropping method for the Rlbes nigrum for the fact that there is no a specific implement standard about intercropping between the Rlbes nigrum and Melibotus albus at present. Land and luminous energy can be fully utilized through intercropping between the Rlbes nigrum and the Melibotus albus, and the Rlbes nigrum and the Melibotus albus have no serious cross-infected diseases; in winter, fallen leaves of the Rlbes nigrum trees cover the Melibotus albus to achieve a cold-proof effect and a fertilization effect; and the Melibotus albus does not compete for water and fertilizers with the Rlbes nigrum trees, and can suppress growth of weed in a Rlbes nigrum orchard, and protects the root systems of the Rlbes nigrum trees. The intercropping method can solve the problems of weeding, fertilizer application, cold prevention, and pest and disease control of the Rlbes nigrum orchard to some extent, can greatly improve the complete period yield and economic income, and increases forage grass, green manure and nectariferous plants. Intercropping between Rlbes nigrum and the Melibotus albus is beneficial to each other, and is remarkable in benefits.

Description

A kind of intercropping method of black currant

Technical field

The present invention relates to the intercropping method of a kind of black currant, belong to field of plant growing technology.

Background technology

Black currant (Rlbes nigrum L) is a kind of undershrub of Saxifragaceae genus ribes, and winter resistance is relatively strong, is suitable for northeast ground District plants.Its fruit is berry, nutritious, rich in sugar, vitamin, mineral, aminoacid.Containing γ Caulis et Folium Lini in seed Acid, linoleic acid, can vessel softening, prevent thrombosis, effectively prevent cardiovascular disease.Also have 16 kinds of aminoacid, wherein 7 Planting is needed by human.Health-care effect is good, high financial profit, and cultivation has a extensive future.

Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus (Melibotus albus L.) is the one excellent biennial herb green manure crop of pulse family Melilotus sweetclover And herbage.Hay powder or ensiling, making beating is can be made into time feeding.Melilotus well developed root system, absorbs phosphate ability strong, has enrichment The effect of nutrient, root is deep and coverage big, wind-proof soil works very well.It is drought-enduring, cold-resistant, resistance to lean, and black currant catch cropping, Complete period yield and income can be increased substantially, produce forage grass or green manure.Many because of nectar again, or nectariferous plant very well. Owing to melilotus purposes is wide, strong stress resistance, yield are high, it is described as " dotey's grass ".

At present, yet there are no report about the technology of Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus catch cropping " black currant with ", more there is no that " black currant is with white Flowers and plants sweet-scented osmanthus catch cropping " rule of operation and technical standard.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide the intercropping method of a kind of black currant for above-mentioned situation.By black currant and melilotus Catch cropping, can make full use of soil and luminous energy, and the two serious pest and disease damage mutually infected, black currant in winter fruit tree simultaneously After fallen leaves, cover melilotus, play cold-proof, the effect of fertilising.Melilotus is not striven water with black currant fruit tree and is striven fertilizer, also may be used With suppression black currant orchard weed growth, protect fruit tree root system.This invention to some extent solves black currant orchard and removes The problems such as grass, fertilising, cold-proof, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.So black currant and melilotus catch cropping, the most favorably, remarkable benefit.

Detailed description of the invention

1, garden addressing is built

Black currant is suitably planted on soil, sandy soil or the meadow soil of pH value 5.6～7.Require fertile soil, draining Well, ventilate level land on the sunny side or hillside fields.

2, garden field planting is built

Spring is in early April typically at the beginning of 10 months autumn for resident time.Select without cold-proof disease-resistant strong black currant kind, The planting density line-spacing of do mechanization operation is 3m, and general seeding row spacing is 1.5m × 2m；The planting pit degree of depth, width are 40 Cm, field planting 2～3 young plant in every cave, deeply plant tiltedly cultivation.The barnyard manure that cave bottom application ferments, it backfills the table soil of 10cm, cave Between nursery stock spacing 10cm.Soil is treaded, and water fills thoroughly.

3, fertilizing management

At the local ditching-fertilizing at black currant strain clump edge, kind and quantity to be determined as required.Nitrogenous fertilizer typically in spring or Fertilizer In Autumn use, potash fertilizer respectively to be executed once at spring and summer, it is also possible to foliage-spray, phosphate fertilizer was used in summer.Note supplement trace unit simultaneously Element.

4, irrigation water management

Can irrigate through furrow also can hole irrigation, according to actual needs, keep the skin wet at any time, particularly florescence and fruit expanding period, it is ensured that fill The moisture of foot.Pour water and can combine with fertilising and weeding, pour water after fertilising, promote the absorption of plant.Pour water and carry out afterwards Middle weeding, loosen the soil, it is to avoid soil compaction.

5, prune

Pruning is black currant high yield, the guarantee of stable yields, also directly affects the quality of fruit.Black currant prunes 3 times every year.

(1) dormant pruning: spring or autumn are carried out, prunes the variety protection for soil burial winter protection autumn and is suitable for, after pruning The workload of soil burial winter protection can be reduced, also can reduce germination number before within the 2nd year, being unearthed, save nutrient.Fruitful branch can also be increased Yield and life-span.

(2) summer pruning: for adult strain clump, prune in the best fruiting period.Mainly dredge and remove the raw branch of too much base, reduce nutrient Consume.

(3) prune after adopting: remove overstocked bough and the old and the weak's disease branch, regulate branch and leaf density, improve illumination condition, be so conducive to Branch nutrient accumulation, promotes shoot maturation, reduces dormant pruning amount simultaneously.

6, the method for catch cropping Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus

Catch cropping Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus in black currant garden, carries out unified planning, reasonable arrangement while Jian Yuan, and the time limit is up to 2～5 Year.Catch cropping amount to strengthen along with tree crown, reduces year by year, is beneficial to set reaching full growth of body, between stopping during the basic closing in Dai Quan garden Make.Melilotus firmly accounts for about 50%, to carry out process of milling before sowing.(bag layer of mud is native and fertile to be commonly made to obducens seed Material).North sowing in ice crust or sowed before the winter in early spring is favorably emerged, typically based on drilling, and line-spacing 30 cm.Every public Catch cropping melilotus application rate (hulling shell seed) 5～8 kilograms in hectare black currant garden；Seed level is less than 2.5 centimetres.At phosphorus deficiency soil On earth, use phosphate fertilizer and can increase substantially green forage yield.In emerging latter 1 month, the insect pest such as attention control chafer and weeds is Evil.Within 1st year, typically gathering in after weight frost, at this moment nutrient proceeds to root.Within 2nd year, gather in before buddingging, in order to regeneration, toothing Height is advisable with 10～15 centimetres.Spring sowing melilotus per hectare then can produce fresh careless 5～13 tons, per hectare before blooming for the 2nd year Fresh careless 7.5～25.0 tons can be produced.Indefinite inflorescence opens successively, and fruit maturation differs, and typically treats that middle and lower part pod has when reserving seed for planting 65～70% by buff dimmed green time can gather in the crops, per hectare seed production about 120～370 kilograms.

Claims (3)

1. the intercropping method of a black currant, it is characterised in that has formulated black currant and Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus catch cropping is embodied as standard.

2., according to the intercropping method of a kind of black currant described in claim 1, it is characterized in that in conventional garden of building addressing, field planting, repair Cut, catch cropping Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb sweet-scented osmanthus in the black currant orchard of water and fertilizer management, carry out unified planning, reasonable arrangement while building garden, Making the time limit up to 2～5 years, catch cropping amount to strengthen along with tree crown, reduces year by year, is beneficial to set reaching full growth of body, Dai Quan garden Catch cropping is stopped during basic closing.

3. according to the intercropping method of a kind of black currant described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the middle of per hectare black currant garden Making melilotus application rate (hulling shell seed) 5～8 kilograms, spring sowing melilotus per hectare then can produce fresh careless 5～13 tons, and the 2nd Before blooming in year, per hectare can produce fresh careless 7.5～25.0 tons, per hectare seed production about 120～370 kilograms.