CN105907643A - Method of culturing chlorophyta scenedesmus phytoplankton with kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method of culturing chlorophyta scenedesmus phytoplankton with kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN105907643A CN105907643A CN201610248102.4A CN201610248102A CN105907643A CN 105907643 A CN105907643 A CN 105907643A CN 201610248102 A CN201610248102 A CN 201610248102A CN 105907643 A CN105907643 A CN 105907643A
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- 241000195663 Scenedesmus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- CEIZFXOZIQNICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tenuazonic acid Chemical compound CCC(C)C1NC(=O)C(C(C)=O)=C1O CEIZFXOZIQNICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021404 traditional food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of culturing chlorophyta scenedesmus phytoplankton with kitchen waste. The method includes the following steps: adding the kitchen waste to tap water according to the ratio that the volume of the tap water is 2-10 times of that of the kitchen waste, wherein a container allows light to penetrate and is opened; placing the container in a place under natural sunlight, maintaining the water temperature in the container to be 20-45 DEG C; aerating the container for 35-50 days and allowing the container to stand for 2 days until total nitrogen content is 15-100 mg/L and total phosphorus concentration is 1-20 mg/L in the water; and allowing the container to stand for 7-15 days to obtain chlorophyta scenedesmus phytoplankton in high concentration. The method is simple, employs raw materials being easy to obtain and being repeatable to use, is convenient to carry out, is low in culture cost and provides a good method for recycle utilization of the kitchen waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of phytoplankton, be specifically related to one and utilize food garbage to cultivate Chlorophyta Scenedesmus to swim and plant
The method of thing.
Background technology
Food garbage is based on cooked, it is simply that " water from washing rice ", " hogwash " that we are commonly called as.Composition based on labile organic compound,
Mainly there are the starch (poly-six sugar) contained by staple food, the cellulose contained by vegetable and axis, poly-pentose, the albumen contained by meat
Matter and fat, monosaccharide, fruit acid and pectin (polysaccharide) etc., be the highest inorganic salt with the content of NaCl contained by fruit, also simultaneously
Containing trace element such as a small amount of calcium, magnesium, potassium, ferrum.
The catering trade of China's fast development causes food waste yield to increase rapidly, estimates cities and towns, annual whole nation changing food waste generation amount
More than 3000 ten thousand tons.The harm of undressed changing food waste is very big, wherein may contain foot and mouth disease, swine fever pathogenic bacteria, toxoplasma, sand
Door Salmonella, trichinella, Campylobacter etc., if directly in order to raise poultry, can form bigger threat to livestock birds health, and can
By the accumulation of poultry vivotoxin, harmful substance, health can be brought harm, thus cause the cross infection between people and animals.
The Main way that the food garbage of China processes at present is fodder, energy.Recyclable oils and fats, recovery waste material i.e. dry
Matter is used as protein feeds, reclaims waste water and is used for producing biogas or compost.
And the most there is not the report utilizing food garbage to cultivate phytoplankton accordingly in China at present.The Scenedesmus of Chlorophyta swims
Plant can be as the food of the zooplankton such as wheel animalcule, cladocera, and the zooplankton such as wheel animalcule, cladocera is as the fish and shrimp of high-quality
The open-mouthed bait of germling, plays an important role to the seed rearing of culture fishery, and therefore Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton is highly dense
Degree high-purity is cultivated and is conducive to providing high-quality food for zooplankton.Meanwhile, Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton is also used for
Process life or aquaculture wastewater, thus water body is repaired, it may also be used for production of biodiesel etc., there is several functions.
The breeding method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton of the prior art easily occurs zooplankton, zooplankton predation portion
Point phytoplankton, causes that the phytoplankton purity cultivated is low, density is low, is unfavorable for later use.And existing Chlorophyta grid
The incubation step of Trentepohlia phytoplankton cultural method is various, and toxigenic capacity is high, it is impossible to large-scale culture, to raiser, new forms of energy
Exploitation etc. all cause the biggest harmful effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the breeding method of a kind of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton, can be obtained by this cultural method
High density, highly purified Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton, toxigenic capacity is low, and incubation step simply and is easily implemented, and can realize
The recycling of food garbage.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton, described method comprises the steps:
S1, non-food class rubbish in food garbage is removed, leave food rubbish, and will wherein remove by significantly soup, protect
Stay moistening solid food rubbish, this solid food rubbish is placed in the open-top receptacle of printing opacity；It is solid-state by tap water volume
2～100 times of food refuse volume add tap water in this open-top receptacle；
S2, the open-top receptacle holding described solid food rubbish and tap water is placed on the place of natural lighting, and maintains appearance
In device, water temperature is at 20～45 DEG C；
S3, material in open-top receptacle being carried out aeration, aeration intensity is can disturb the partial particulate thing in described solid food rubbish
Rubbish is as the criterion, and does not allow solid food rubbish in open-top receptacle splash out；
S4, aeration become fine and smooth to the skin granulate thing of the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom, and water body color becomes khaki or the dark colour of loess
Color；Stopping aeration, stand, in monitoring water body, whether total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement；As less than preset requirement, then
Aeration 5～10 days again, until in water body, total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement after Jing Zhiing；Described preset requirement is in water body
Total nitrogen content is 15～100mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 1～20mg/L；
After total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement in S5, water body, stand the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus i.e. obtaining high concentration for 7～15 days
Phytoplankton.
Preferably, in step S1, described non-food class rubbish includes one or both in napkin, chopsticks.
Preferably, in step S1, described food rubbish include rice, wheaten food, fish, meat, egg, veterinary antibiotics, Sal,
One or more in the condiments cooked, bone, soup.
Preferably, in step S4, aeration 35～50 days skin granulate things to the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom become fine and smooth, water
Body color becomes khaki or dark khaki, and water body is smelly.
Preferably, in step S4, described aeration is specially places gas stone in open-top receptacle.
Preferably, in step S4, the time of described standing is 2～3 days.
Preferably, in step S5, described standing 7～15 days, particularly as follows: stand 3～5 days, turn yellow green to water body, then stand
4～10 days, turn green to water body.
Preferably, when water body turns green, the Chlorophyll-a Content of water body reaches 1000～3100 μ g/L.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that
1, the incubation of the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton that the present invention provides is simple, raw material is easy to get, convenient to carry out, Er Qieyuan
Material can continuous several times use, and toxigenic capacity is low, and economic benefit is big.
2, the cultural method of the present invention does algae kind without inoculating scenedesmus in experimentation, and cultivation cycle is short, is greatly saved work
Cost.
3, the Chlorophyll-a Content in present invention water body after aeration is up to 1000 more than μ g/L, and Scenedesmus cell density reaches
To 1.0 × 109More than cells/L, scenedesmus cellular biomass accounts for total biomass ratio more than 90%, the cultivation of Scenedesmus phytoplankton
Density and purity are the highest, can be to ingest the zooplankton of chlorella or some fish and shrimp provide high-quality food.
4, can realize the recycling of food garbage, the resource for food garbage develops the prospect and approach provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus microcytoscope photo of the appearance in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus microcytoscope photo of the appearance in embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus microcytoscope photo of the appearance in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.It is further that following example will assist in those skilled in the art
Understand the present invention, but limit the present invention the most in any form.It should be pointed out that, to those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make certain adjustments and improvements.These broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In warm June, obtain hotel catering rubbish, and will wherein the non-food such as napkin, chopsticks class remove, will be the most obvious
Soup outwell, retain moistening solids 4.0kg, add in the lucite post of high 1m, diameter 40cm, post is contained
Put tap water 100L, and lucite post is placed in glasshouse.Then 2 long 5cm, diameter 4cm gas stone are utilized
To aeration in lucite post, aeration intensity is as the criterion can disturb the part cooked rice grains in food garbage, but can not allow in container
Food garbage splashes out.After aeration 35 days, water colour becomes khaki, and the skin granulate thing of the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom becomes
Obtain fine and smooth.Therewith, stopping aeration, after standing 2 days, in water body, total nitrogen content is 45.2mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 6.0mg/L.
After 3 days, water body turns yellow green, and after spending 7 days again, water body becomes the greenest, and the Chlorophyll-a Content of water body is up to 1900 μ g/L,
As it is shown in figure 1, test under microscope its be the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton of high concentration, Scenedesmus cell density reaches
To 2.0 × 109Cells/L, scenedesmus cellular biomass accounts for total biomass ratio more than 95%.In June-JIUYUE, lucite post
Water temperature is 20～45 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
In hot July, obtain hotel catering rubbish, and will wherein the non-food such as napkin, chopsticks class remove, will be the most obvious
Soup outwell, retain moistening solids 50.0kg, add in the lucite post of high 1m, diameter 40cm, in post
Hold tap water 50L, and lucite post is placed in glasshouse.Then 4 long 5cm, diameter 4cm gas stone are utilized
To aeration in lucite post, aeration intensity is as the criterion can disturb the part cooked rice grains in food garbage, but can not allow in container
Food garbage splashes out.After aeration 50 days, water colour becomes khaki, and the skin granulate thing of the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom becomes
Obtain fine and smooth.Therewith, stopping aeration, after standing 2 days, in water body, total nitrogen content is 100.0mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 20.0mg/L.
After 5 days, water body turns yellow green, and after spending 7 days again, water body becomes the greenest, and the Chlorophyll-a Content of water body is up to 3100 μ g/L,
As in figure 2 it is shown, test under microscope its be the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton of high concentration, additionally have few fibers algae
Belonging to cell, Scenedesmus cell density reaches 3.2 × 109Cells/L, scenedesmus cellular biomass accounts for total biomass ratio more than 90%.
In July-JIUYUE, lucite post, water temperature is 22～45 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
In warm June, obtain hotel catering rubbish, and will wherein the non-food such as napkin, chopsticks class remove, will be the most obvious
Soup outwell, retain moistening solids 0.6kg, add high 40cm to, cumulative volume is the glass jar of 70L, cylinder is contained
Put tap water 60L, and glass jar is placed in glasshouse.Then utilizing 1 long 5cm, the gas stone of diameter 4cm is to glass
Aeration in glass cylinder, aeration intensity is as the criterion can disturb the part cooked rice grains in food garbage, but can not allow food garbage in container
Splash out.After aeration 40 days, water colour becomes khaki, and the skin granulate thing of the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom becomes fine and smooth.
Therewith, stopping aeration, after standing 2 days, in water body, total nitrogen content is 15.0mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 1.0mg/L.After 3
After it, water body turns yellow green, and after spending 10 days again, water body becomes the greenest, and the Chlorophyll-a Content of water body is up to 1000 μ g/L, as
Shown in Fig. 3, test under microscope its be the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton of high concentration, Scenedesmus cell density reaches
1.0×109Cells/L, scenedesmus cellular biomass accounts for total biomass ratio more than 90%.In June-JIUYUE, in glass jar, water temperature is
20～45 DEG C.
Carry out nitrogen in natural lighting, aeration and control system in the cultural method of the present invention, the concentration level of phosphorus element is this invention
3 controlling elements, traditional to utilize food garbage carry out fermentation to manufacture biogas be the anaerobic fermentation utilized, and allows protein, carbon
The basic substance such as hydrate, oils anaerobism, the most unglazed under conditions of fermentative degradation, and to ensure anaerobism therein
Environment, it is necessary to control the mixed proportion of food garbage and water, if the ratio of water is too many, and be difficult to reach corresponding low dissolved oxygen,
The purpose of biogas high yield tolerance.Traditional food garbage that utilizes carries out fermentation manufacture biogas, and utilization is that microorganism is at anaerobic condition
The basic substances such as lower degraded protein, carbohydrate, oils, and obtain biogas (main component is methane), produce simultaneously
Also have other containing nitrogen, phosphorus element low molecular weight substance.Inventor is it was also found that after if, with food garbage biogas fermentation
After remaining black sordes matter carries out a certain degree of dilution, the phytoplankton that also can grow high concentration comes；Although in production practices,
After fermentation, residue is generally as agricultural organic fertilizer.In the present invention, the mixture to food garbage Yu water carries out a certain degree of exposure
Gas, is also beneficial to various bacteria natural in air as in strain introducing system, be conducive to simultaneously wherein moieties micro-
Carry out aerobic degradation under biological agent, and part sinks to the bottom thing reality still in degraded under hypoxia or oxygen free condition, degraded knot therein
Fruit is that the larger molecular organics matter such as protein, carbohydrate, oils are converted into small organic molecule, until producing in water body
Dense stink, then it represents that created the low-molecular inorganic material such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide gas.The system that the present invention is formed
Middle food garbage forms the degraded concurrently formed under the conditions of aerobic, hypoxia, anaerobism etc. 3 kinds, the catabolite kind therefore produced
Class is enriched, and the growth for phytoplankton provides sufficient material base.During early stage frowziness material produces mainly
Microorganism is main to the Degradation of food garbage, and then aeration stops and owing to controlling in water body total nitrogen content 15～100
Mg/L, total phosphorus concentration is 1～20mg/L, and this condition has been unfavorable for that the Degradation of microorganism is preponderated, and is beneficial to swim
Grown of plant, then phytoplankton can utilize the abundant nutritive salt of water body and amount reproduction, and its advantage is swum and planted
Species is Chlorophyta Scenedesmus.
Detection data in various embodiments above can also prove, by the cultural method of the present invention, can obtain high density, height
The Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton of purity, and food garbage can be with sustainable utilization, and cultural method is easy, easily implement, and cultivates
Low cost, can be to ingest the zooplankton of chlorella or some fish and shrimp provide high-quality food, and it is high-purity to cultivate high density
The Chlorophyta Scenedesmus of degree also has environmental conservation, many meanings such as tap a new source of energy.
The above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to this embodiment disclosure of that.
So every without departing from the equivalence completed under spirit disclosed in this invention or amendment, both fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. the cultural method of a Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
S1, non-food class rubbish in food garbage is removed, leave food rubbish, and will wherein remove by significantly soup, protect
Stay moistening solid food rubbish, this solid food rubbish is placed in the open-top receptacle of printing opacity；It is solid-state by tap water volume
2～100 times of food refuse volume add tap water in this open-top receptacle；
S2, the open-top receptacle holding described solid food rubbish and tap water is placed on the place of natural lighting, and maintains appearance
In device, water temperature is at 20～45 DEG C；
S3, material in open-top receptacle being carried out aeration, aeration intensity is can disturb the partial particulate thing in described solid food rubbish
Rubbish is as the criterion, and does not allow solid food rubbish in open-top receptacle splash out；
S4, aeration become fine and smooth to the skin granulate thing of the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom, and water body color becomes khaki or the dark colour of loess
Color；Stopping aeration, stand, in monitoring water body, whether total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement；As less than preset requirement, then
Aeration 5～10 days again, until in water body, total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement after Jing Zhiing；Described preset requirement is in water body
Total nitrogen content is 15～100mg/L, and total phosphorus concentration is 1～20mg/L；
After total nitrogen, total phosphorus level reach preset requirement in S5, water body, stand the Chlorophyta Scenedesmus i.e. obtaining high concentration for 7～15 days
Phytoplankton.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S1,
Described non-food class rubbish includes one or both in napkin, chopsticks.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S1,
Described food rubbish includes rice, wheaten food, fish, meat, egg, veterinary antibiotics, Sal, the condiments cooked, bone, soup
In one or more.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S4,
Aeration 35～50 days skin granulate things to the solid food rubbish sunk to the bottom become fine and smooth, and water body color becomes khaki or the dark colour of loess
Color, water body is smelly.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S4,
Described aeration is specially places gas stone in open-top receptacle.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S4,
The time of described standing is 2～3 days.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S5,
Described standing 7～15 days, particularly as follows: stand 3～5 days, turn yellow green to water body, then stand 4～10 days, turn green to water body.
The cultural method of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus phytoplankton the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that when water body turns green
The Chlorophyll-a Content of water body reaches 1000～3100 μ g/L.
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| CN104226671A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-24 | 远东生物科技股份有限公司 | Green treatment system and method for biological waste |
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| CN105110557A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-02 | 华南农业大学 | Method for treating kitchen wastewater through flocculation flotation-oil production microorganisms |
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| CN104226671A (en) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-24 | 远东生物科技股份有限公司 | Green treatment system and method for biological waste |
| CN104357329A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-18 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Culturing method for chlorophyta scenedesmus phytoplankton |
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