CN105906405A - Cultivation material capable of preventing growth of Neurospora in Pleurotas sapidus and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cultivation material capable of preventing growth of Neurospora in Pleurotas sapidus and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105906405A CN105906405A CN201610197317.8A CN201610197317A CN105906405A CN 105906405 A CN105906405 A CN 105906405A CN 201610197317 A CN201610197317 A CN 201610197317A CN 105906405 A CN105906405 A CN 105906405A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation material capable of preventing growth of Neurospora in Pleurotas sapidus and a preparation method thereof. The cultivation material contains 89 to 92% of cottonseed shell, 2 to 5% of corn flour, 2 to 3% of wheat bran, 1 to 2% of calcium sulfate and to 2% of quicklime. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the above-mentioned raw materials, adding water according to a ratio of the dry mixture to water of 1: 1.3 and adjusting a pH value to 10 to 11; piling up the culture material to form a material pile, perforating the material pile with a large stick with a diameter of 5 to 8 cm, wherein distance between holes is 40 cm, covering the material pile with a straw mat, turning the material pile over in 24 h after the temperature of the material pile reaches 55 DEG C and spraying limewash with a weight percentage of 1% onto the material pile until the water content of the material pile is 65 to 68%; turning the material pile over twice to three times, bagging the material pile after completion of fermentation, covering a bag pile with a plastic film, introducing steam into the bag pile from the center of the bottom of the bag pile so as to allow the temperature of the center of the bag pile to be 80 DEG C, maintaining the temperature for 1 h and then carrying out natural cooling so as to obtain the cultivation material. The cultivation material enables the contamination rate of a fungus sack to be decreased to 0.3% or below, prevents growth of Neurospora in Pleurotas sapidus and has wide practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by fungus.Specifically, the present invention relates to prevent
The technical field of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom.
Background technology
Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi (Pleurotus ferulae Lenzi) has another name called Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi, asafoetida mushroom, belongs to load
Bacterium subphylum, Hymenomycetes, Agaricales, Pleurotaceae, pleurotus, is that one is colory greatly
Type meat gill fungi.It is mainly distributed on Xinjiang in China, there is the highest use value.
The raw material producing Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi usually uses cotton seed hulls, wood flour, corn cob, crops straw
The farmland garbages such as stalk, the usually outdoor stacking of these raw materials is easily gone mouldy.Cultivation Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi
Compost be usually taken raw material, fermentation material and grog cultivation.Specifically, cultivation in raw material Resina Ferulae
The most heated sterilization treatment of mushroom compost directly carry out inoculation cultivation be cultivation in raw material.Raw material are planted
Training is owing to without high-temperature process, operation is simple, and saving of work and time, in compost, nutrient divides
Solving loss few, if control measures are proper, yield is higher.But cultivation in raw material is difficult to control disease
Insect pest, if adding pesticide in material, can affect the safety of product.Grog cultivation Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi
Compost inoculates the grog that cries of cultivation after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization process and cultivates.Through too high
The compost of temperature sterilizing, miscellaneous bacteria and insect kill substantially, and the nutrient in raw material decomposes relatively more abundant,
Bacterium is sent out fast after inoculation.But troublesome poeration, relatively costly.Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi is cultivated by fermentation material cultivation
Expect that the fermentation material that cries inoculating cultivation after fermentation reactor system processes is cultivated.Fermentation material cultivation is to be situated between
In raw material and grog method between the two, also referred to as half-feeding cultivation.The sterilizing of fermentation culture material,
Nutriment degree of decomposition all between raw material and grog, so its pluses and minuses also between both it
Between.
Being frequently subjected to the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria in Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi cultivation and production, pink Neurospora is fast with it
The speed that speed breeding spreads, can cover or swallow up whole Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi planting material in 1-3d,
And become avoiding greatly of Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi industry production.Neurospora is distributed widely in nature soil and standing grain
On this tannin plant, especially easily occur on the compost of corn cob, cotton seed hull or synthesis.Its
Conidium is the most floating, mainly propagates harm with conidium, is the high warm season
The most important miscellaneous bacteria that joint occurs.This bacterium conidium is under the conditions of damp and hot 70 DEG C, after 4 minutes
Losing vigor, dry heat condition is resistant to 130 DEG C of high temperature, and when 25-30 DEG C, 6h is permissible
Sprouting grows mycelia, and when 31-40 DEG C, 48h can form pink conidium group, 2-3d
Complete a generation.Less than 20 DEG C mycelial growth rates slow down, and less than 9 DEG C mycelial growths stop
Stagnant.Particularly aerial hyphae (also crying sporogenous hyphae) is indomitable strong, and it can pass the sealing of strain
Material, racks strain bag, quantity of formation great conidium group, had sprouted the same day, the next day
Produce the characteristic of spore breeding at a high speed.Temperature 20-30 DEG C is on slant medium, and diel can be grown
Full whole test tube, on wood flour and cotton seed hull compost, spreads rapid transmissibility strong.
Neurospora is the more serious one of ratio in pernicious infection bacterium in edible fungi, its infection rate high and
And rapidly, it is prevented the most particularly important.Neurospora, also known as Neurospora sp, belongs to saprophytic bacteria existing
Existing 12 kinds had been reported that, common are food Neurospora sp and Neurospora crassa 2 kinds.It is high temperature
Season, strain produced the primary competitive miscellaneous bacteria in producing with cultivating bag.Growth of fusarium is exceedingly fast,
Once invade, grow immediately.Propagation is exceedingly fast, can be along with the hands of staff, clothes, surface
Etc. carrying out superinfection.
Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi belongs to asafoetida mushroom series, and in nature, primary growth is at the large-scale grass of Carrot family
On this plant, such as eryngo, Resina Ferulae, draw on the plant such as plucked instrument grass, be a kind of saprophytic bacteria, the most also
Have parasite property concurrently.During artificial culture, much narrower than typically picking up the ears of compost, existing through constantly
Domestication and improve, utilize cotton seed hulls, wood flour, corn cob etc. for primary raw material, Testa Tritici, sugar,
Calcium superphosphate, Gypsum Fibrosum powder etc. are auxiliary material.But at present about utilize planting material to prevent Ah
In Wei mushroom, the research of growth of fusarium has no.
Summary of the invention
Grinding of the preparation of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom is prevented for having no at present
Study carefully present situation, it is contemplated that prevent the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom in providing a kind of
And preparation method, this planting material changes traditional cultivation material nutrient composition can be substantially reduced infection chain
The probability that spore is mould.The pollution rate of conventional grog cultivation Neurospora is typically 5%-10%, this technology
Pollution rate is reduced to less than 0.3%.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention passes through with cotton seed hulls, Semen Maydis flour, Testa Tritici, calcium sulfate, quick lime as raw material,
Planting material proportioning in percentage by weight contain cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour 2%-5%,
Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%, mix homogeneously, add water, stir
Mixing uniformly, compost heap is set to stockpile, punches stockpile with thick wooden stick, covers with straw screen or mat,
Heating, turning, the water content of the lime water of spray 1% to windrow is 65-68%, pack, code heap,
Heating, prepares planting material after cooling.Prepared by the present invention prevents Neurospora in Awei mushroom
The planting material of growth is pre fermentation K cryogenic treatment planting material.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of and prevents the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, according to
Percentage by weight meter, planting material contains cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour 2%-5%, Testa Tritici
2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%.
Meanwhile, the present invention provides above-mentioned and prevents the system of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Preparation Method, concrete preparation method step is as follows:
(1) raw-material preparation: select without go mouldy cotton seed hulls, Semen Maydis flour, Testa Tritici and
Calcium sulfate, quick lime, wherein, according to mass ratio range, cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour
2%-5%, Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%.
(2) configuration of compost: raw material mix homogeneously prepared by step (1), and add
Entering water, wherein the weight of water and raw-material siccative weight ratio are 1:1.3, stir,
Regulate pH value with lime water, obtain between pH=10-11.
(3) heap fermentation is built: in summer and autumn, the compost utilizing step (2) to prepare is banked up
Become the stockpile of 50cm-80cm；At winter-spring season, utilize cultivation stockpile prepared by step (2)
It is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm.
(4) punching: stockpile step (3) banked up with the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 5cm-8cm
Punch, punch from top to bottom during punching, pitch-row 40cm.
(5) cover: utilize the stockpile after straw screen or mat covering step (4) punching.
(6) turning: at stockpile highest point 25cm, under charge level, at 20cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C,
Carry out turning after 24 hours, spray the lime water water content to windrow of percentage by weight 1% simultaneously
For 65-68%；Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes.
According to the operational approach of step (3) to step (6), material is circulated operation 2-3
Secondary process.
(7) pack: the material bagging after step (6) being fermented, the bag two ends collar is carried out
Sealing, prepares pocket.
(8) code heap: ground brick paving, the pocket code that step (7) is installed on brick face, heap
High 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, prepares bag
Heap.
(9) heating: at the bottom of the bag heap that steam boiler escape pipe head inserting step (8) is prepared
Middle position, portion, burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 little
Time.
(10) finished product: the bag heap after step (9) being heated naturally cools to compost in bag
Temperature is 30 DEG C, completes to prepare planting material.
In the present invention, in material bagging, the bag two ends collar seals, wherein sack two ends
Sealing with the collar of diameter 5cm-6cm, the collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals,
Prepare pocket.
Above-mentioned offer prevent in Awei mushroom in the preparation method of the planting material of growth of fusarium,
The problem using existing common knowledge as prior art basis is newly created about new invention.True
On, in addition to initiative invention, any one innovation and creation are all to be unable to do without prior art hands
Based on section and technology essential factor, all through innovation further on the basis of prior art means
Result.For dispensing, mix, pack, windrow, Ma Dui, the technology such as heating are all existing skills
Art basis, but how to make the growth of the suitable Awei mushroom of planting material of preparation, how to prevent
Awei mushroom Neurospora is required for repeatedly being tested by serial unpredictalbe scientific experimentation
Card draws.Just because of these reasons, although based on the application make use of routine techniques means,
And provide through scientific experiments on this basis and prevent the cultivation of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Training material, it is provided that prevent in Awei mushroom ten in the preparation method of the planting material of growth of fusarium
Individual technical step forms entirety, has overall inseparability, can not arbitrarily dismember skill therein
Art step, what these preparation method entirety can be prepared prevents growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Planting material be pre fermentation K cryogenic treatment planting material.Therefore the invention provides concrete and full and accurate
Preventing the preparation method of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, this planting material changes biography
System planting material nutritional labeling, by Contamination rate control below 0.3%, is substantially reduced infection chain spore
Mould probability, it is seen that obtain significant technique effect.
The planting material Semen Maydis flour preventing growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom of above-mentioned preparation improves 5%
Mixed ratio, in order to lure the resting spore of collection Neurospora to sprout into mycelia, reduce Neurospora and resist
Inverse property, is processed by fermentation and steaming and decocting, completes prevention effect.
Following beneficial effect can be reached by implementing the concrete summary of the invention of the present invention:
(1) what prepared by the present invention prevents the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, meet Ah
Nutrient substance needed for mushroom growth Wei and carbon-nitrogen ratio.
(2) what prepared by the present invention prevents the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, adds 5%
Semen Maydis flour lures the resting spore of collection Neurospora to sprout into the resistance of mycelia reduction pathogen.Composting
Time mix 2% quick lime and be easy to quick temperature raising, kill the mycelia that induction is sprouted, after by pH value stone
Buck is adjusted to 10-11, kills insecticide or other pathogen through pack low temperature boiling, and bacterium bag is dirty
Dye rate is reduced to less than 0.3%.
(3) what prepared by the present invention prevents the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, prewet,
Packing after fermentation reactor system, keeping bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and steaming and decocting 1 hour i.e. completes
Sterilizing works, keeping bag heap central temperature more at ordinary times is 100 DEG C, and steaming and decocting 24 hours is shortened
The time of 3-4 days, save a large amount of manpower and energy consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Nothing
Detailed description of the invention
In the present invention, all reagent of selection, instrument, raw and auxiliary material are all for it is well known that selection
, but it being not intended to the enforcement of the present invention, other reagent more well known in the art and equipment all may be used
It is applicable to the enforcement of implementation below of the present invention.
Embodiment one: prevent the preparation of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
The concrete preparation method preventing the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom is as follows:
(1) raw-material preparation: select without go mouldy cotton seed hulls, Semen Maydis flour, Testa Tritici and
Calcium sulfate, quick lime, wherein, according to mass ratio range, cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour
2%-5%, Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%.
(2) configuration of compost: raw material mix homogeneously prepared by step (1), and add
Entering water, wherein the weight of water and raw-material siccative weight ratio are 1:1.3, stir,
Regulate pH value with lime water, obtain between pH=10-11.
(3) heap fermentation is built: in summer and autumn, the compost utilizing step (2) to prepare is banked up
Become the stockpile of 50cm-80cm；At winter-spring season, utilize cultivation stockpile prepared by step (2)
It is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm.
(4) punching: stockpile step (3) banked up with the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 5cm-8cm
Punch, punch from top to bottom during punching, pitch-row 40cm.
(5) cover: utilize the stockpile after straw screen or mat covering step (4) punching.
(6) turning: at stockpile highest point 25cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, after 24 hours
Carrying out turning, the lime water of spray percentage by weight 1% is 65-68% to the water content of windrow simultaneously；
Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes.
According to the operational approach of step (3) to step (6), material is circulated operation 2-3
Secondary process.
(7) pack: the material bagging after step (6) being fermented, the bag two ends collar is carried out
Sealing, prepares pocket.
(8) code heap: ground brick paving, the pocket code that step (7) is installed on brick face, heap
High 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, prepares bag
Heap.
(9) heating: at the bottom of the bag heap that steam boiler escape pipe head inserting step (8) is prepared
Middle position, portion, burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 little
Time.
(10) finished product: the bag heap after step (9) being heated naturally cools to compost in bag
Temperature is 30 DEG C, completes to prepare planting material.
In the present invention, in material bagging, the bag two ends collar seals, wherein sack two ends
Sealing with the collar of diameter 5cm-6cm, the collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals,
Prepare pocket.
Above-mentioned offer prevent in Awei mushroom in the preparation method of the planting material of growth of fusarium,
The problem using existing common knowledge as prior art basis is newly created about new invention.True
On, in addition to initiative invention, any one innovation and creation are all to be unable to do without prior art hands
Based on section and technology essential factor, all through innovation further on the basis of prior art means
Result.For dispensing, mix, pack, windrow, Ma Dui, the technology such as heating are all existing skills
Art basis, but how to make the growth of the suitable Awei mushroom of planting material of preparation, how to prevent
Awei mushroom Neurospora is required for repeatedly being tested by serial unpredictalbe scientific experimentation
Card draws.Just because of these reasons, although based on the application make use of routine techniques means,
And provide through scientific experiments on this basis and effectively prevent growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Planting material, it is provided that prevent in Awei mushroom in the preparation method of the planting material of growth of fusarium
Ten technical steps form entirety, there is overall inseparability, can not arbitrarily dismember wherein
Technical step, what these preparation methoies entirety can be prepared prevents Neurospora in Awei mushroom
The planting material of growth is.Therefore the invention provides and concrete and full and accurate prevent chain in Awei mushroom
The preparation method of the planting material of the mould growth of spore, it is seen that obtain significant technique effect.
Embodiment two: prevent the preparation of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Preparation Awei mushroom compost is based on double centner, and the freshest nothing is gone mouldy cotton seed hulls 89,000
Gram, Semen Maydis flour 5 kilograms, 2 kilograms of Testa Tritici, 2 kilograms of calcium sulfate, 2 kilograms of mix homogeneously of quick lime.
Mixed siccative is added water, and wherein the weight of water with raw-material siccative weight ratio is
Double centner siccative: 130 kilograms of clear water, stirs.In summer and autumn, compost heap is set to
The stockpile of 50cm-80cm, at winter-spring season, compost heap is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm,
With the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 5cm-8cm, stockpile is punched, pitch-row 40cm, cover with straw screen or mat,
At stockpile highest point 25cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out turning, spray 1% simultaneously after 24 hours
Lime water to the water content of windrow be 65-68%；Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes, pack,
The bag two ends collar seals, and the collar of sack two ends diameter 5cm-6cm seals,
The collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals, code heap, and heap is high 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag
Heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, in being inserted bottom bag heap by steam boiler escape pipe head
Position, centre, burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 hour, adds
It is 30 DEG C that bag heap after heat naturally cools to compost temperature in bag, can prepare cultivation
Material.
The planting material of above-mentioned preparation effectively prevent growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, it is thus achieved that notable
Significantly technique effect.
Embodiment three: prevent the preparation of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Preparation Awei mushroom compost is based on double centner, and the freshest nothing is gone mouldy cotton seed hulls 92,000
Gram, Semen Maydis flour 2.5 kilograms, 2.5 kilograms of Testa Tritici, 2 kilograms of calcium sulfate, quick lime 1 kilogram mixing
Uniformly.Mixed siccative is added water, the wherein weight of water and raw-material siccative weight ratio
Value is double centner siccative: 130 kilograms of clear water, stirs.In the 7-8 month, compost is banked up
Becoming the stockpile of 50cm-80cm, the 11-1 month, compost heap is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm, uses
Stockpile is punched by the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 5cm-8cm, pitch-row 40cm, covers with straw screen or mat,
At stockpile highest point 25cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out turning, spray 1% simultaneously after 24 hours
Lime water to the water content of windrow be 65-68%；Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes, pack,
The bag two ends collar seals, and the collar of sack two ends diameter 5cm-6cm seals,
The collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals, code heap, and heap is high 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag
Heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, in being inserted bottom bag heap by steam boiler escape pipe head
Position, centre, burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 hour, adds
It is 30 DEG C that bag heap after heat naturally cools to compost temperature in bag, can prepare cultivation
Material.
The planting material of above-mentioned preparation effectively prevent growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, it is thus achieved that notable
Significantly technique effect.
Embodiment four: prevent the preparation of the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
Preparation Awei mushroom compost is based on double centner, and the freshest nothing is gone mouldy cotton seed hulls 91,000
Gram, Semen Maydis flour 5 kilograms, 2 kilograms of Testa Tritici, 1 kilogram of calcium sulfate, 1 kilogram of mix homogeneously of quick lime.
Mixed siccative is added water, and wherein the weight of water with raw-material siccative weight ratio is
Double centner siccative: 130 kilograms of clear water, stirs.In the 7-8 month, compost heap is set to
The stockpile of 50cm-80cm, the 11-1 month, compost heap is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm, with straight
Footpath is that stockpile is punched by the thick wooden stick of 5cm-8cm, pitch-row 40cm, covers with straw screen or mat, away from
At stockpile highest point 25cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out turning, spray 1% simultaneously after 24 hours
Lime water to the water content of windrow be 65-68%；Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes, pack,
The bag two ends collar seals, and the collar of sack two ends diameter 5cm-6cm seals,
The collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals, code heap, and heap is high 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag
Heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, in being inserted bottom bag heap by steam boiler escape pipe head
Position, centre, burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 hour, adds
It is 30 DEG C that bag heap after heat naturally cools to compost temperature in bag, can prepare cultivation
Material.
The planting material of above-mentioned preparation effectively prevent growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, it is thus achieved that notable
Significantly technique effect.
Embodiment five: prevent the planting material of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
According to weight part ratio meter, by cotton seed hulls 92 parts, Semen Maydis flour 5 parts, 3 parts of Testa Tritici, calcium sulfate 2
Part, 2 parts of mix homogeneously of quick lime, and add water, the wherein weight of water and raw-material siccative
Weight ratio is 1:1.3, stirs, and in August, compost heap is set to the stockpile of 50cm,
With the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 8cm, stockpile is punched, pitch-row 40cm, cover with straw screen or mat, away from
At stockpile highest point 25cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out turning, spray 1% simultaneously after 24 hours
Lime water to the water content of windrow be 65%；Turning 2 times, fermentation completes, pack, bag two ends
Sealing with the collar, the collar of sack two ends diameter 6cm seals, code heap, and heap is high by 1
Rice, 1000 bags of every heap, bag heap upper cover plastic sheeting, surrounding pressure is tight, by steam boiler escape pipe
Head inserts bag heap lower center position, and burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C,
And keep 1 hour, it is 30 DEG C that the bag heap after heating naturally cools to compost temperature in temperature bag,
Planting material can be prepared.
Embodiment six: prevent the controlled trial of growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom
1, experimentation
Control sample uses Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi existing conventional cultivation material；Process sample use above-described embodiment one to
Embodiment five provide planting material, according to mass ratio range, planting material contain cotton seed hulls 89%-92%,
Semen Maydis flour 2%-5%, Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%.
Control series sample uses planting material prepared by existing conventional techniques, uses common preparation side
Prepared by method: compost material water mix and blend, is mixed thoroughly according to formula proportion mixing by compost, adopts
Using low-pressure polyethylene plastic bag cultivation, compost packs after stirring in time, dress
During bag, compost is somewhat compacted as far as possible, reaches degree of tightness consistent, material and the critical closely connected reality of bag wall, material
Packed good after, carry out normal-pressure sterilization, cooling, cultivate Awei mushroom.
Series of processes sample uses above-described embodiment one to embodiment five to provide planting material preparation method
Obtain.
1. the different disposal impact on asafoetida mushroom compost pollution rate
In terms of result of the test, it is shown in Table 1, the short almost equal purseful in 50 days of bacteria developing period of process group,
Enter the after-ripening stage.Process group bacterium bag is almost without pollution, and biological efficiency is high, average out to
39.39%.The bacteria developing period length of comparison is typically about 55 days pursefuls.Pollution rate is up to 27.5%,
Biological efficiency is low, and only up to 33.59%.
Table 1: the different disposal impact on Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi yield Yu pollution rate
2. performance analysis
Xinjiang Urumqi periphery, supplementary material, human cost and Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi product market price,
Calculate each processing method cost of material and benefit such as table 2.
Table 2: required total raw material cost and thick profit between different disposal
Conclusion
The controlled trial provided by above-described embodiment, is cultivating Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi with different disposal
Test in, find through pre fermentation, the bacterium bag of code heap K cryogenic treatment, infect the several of Neurospora sp
Rate is substantially reduced, it is possible to decrease production cost, increases the economic benefit of Producer.The present invention utilizes
Semen Maydis powder induction Neurospora spore germination, quick lime improves pH value and suppresses this growth of pathogenic bacteria, high
Temperature is killed, and uses thermophilic actinomycete degraded wood fibre, changes culture base-material composition, Pleurotus ferulae Lanzi
Fast-growth becomes dominant strain to form competitive advantage.The pollution rate of conventional grog cultivation Neurospora leads to
Being often 5%-10%, pollution rate is reduced to less than 0.3% by this technology.
Thering is provided test by above-mentioned series embodiment, what the present invention provided prevents Awei mushroom
In the planting material of middle growth of fusarium, add 5% Semen Maydis flour and lure the resting spore of collection Neurospora to sprout
Mycelia is become to reduce the resistance of pathogen.Mix 2% quick lime during composting and be easy to quick temperature raising, kill
Go out induction sprout mycelia, after pH value lime water is adjusted to 10-11, through pack low temperature steam
Boiling and kill insecticide or other pathogen, bacterium bag pollution rate is reduced to less than 0.3%, it is seen that obtain aobvious
The technique effect write.
Thering is provided test by above-mentioned series embodiment, what the present invention provided prevents Awei mushroom
In the planting material of middle growth of fusarium, preventing and treating prepared by the present invention prevents Neurospora in Awei mushroom
The planting material of growth, prewets, packs after fermentation reactor system, and keeping bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C,
Steaming and decocting 1 hour, i.e. completes sterilizing works, and keeping bag heap central temperature more at ordinary times is 100 DEG C, steams
Boil 24 hours, shorten the time of 3-4 days, save a large amount of manpower and energy consumption, it is seen that obtain notable
Technique effect.
As it has been described above, the present invention can preferably be realized, the above embodiments are only to this
Bright preferred implementation is described, and is not defined the scope of the present invention, is not taking off
On the premise of the present invention designs spirit, the those of ordinary skill in the art technical side to the present invention
Various deformation that case is made and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that present invention determine that.
Claims (3)
1. preventing a planting material for growth of fusarium in Awei mushroom, in percentage by weight, planting material contains cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour 2%-5%, Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%.
Prevent the preparation method of growth of fusarium planting material in Awei mushroom the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that concrete preparation method step is as follows:
(1) raw-material preparation: select cotton seed hulls, Semen Maydis flour, Testa Tritici and the calcium sulfate without going mouldy, quick lime, wherein, according to mass ratio range, cotton seed hulls 89%-92%, Semen Maydis flour 2%-5%, Testa Tritici 2%-3%, calcium sulfate 1%-2%, quick lime 1%-2%；
(2) configuration of compost: raw material mix homogeneously prepared by step (1), and add water, wherein the weight of water and raw-material siccative weight ratio are 1.3:1, stir, regulate pH value with lime water, obtain between pH=10-11；
(3) heap fermentation is built: in summer and autumn, the compost heap utilizing step (2) to prepare is set to the stockpile of 50cm-80cm；At winter-spring season, the compost heap utilizing step (2) to prepare is set to the stockpile of 80cm-100cm；
(4) punching: the stockpile banked up step (3) with the thick wooden stick of a diameter of 5cm-8cm punches, and punches from top to bottom, pitch-row 40cm during punching；
(5) cover: utilize the stockpile after straw screen or mat covering step (4) punching；
(6) turning: at stockpile highest point 25cm, under charge level, at 20cm, material temperature reaches 55 DEG C, carries out turning after 24 hours, and the lime water of spray percentage by weight 1% is adjusted to the water content of windrow simultaneously is 65-68%；Turning 2-3 time, fermentation completes；
According to the operational approach of step (3) to step (6), material is circulated operation to process for 2-3 time；
(7) pack: the material bagging after step (6) being fermented, the bag two ends collar seals, and prepares pocket；
(8) code heap: ground brick paving, pocket code step (7) installed is on brick face, and heap is high 1 meter, 1000 bags of every heap, bag heap upper cover plastic sheeting, and surrounding pressure is tight, prepares and obtains a bag heap；
(9) heating: the bag heap lower center position prepared by steam boiler escape pipe head inserting step (8), burning boiler is heated so that bag heap central temperature is 80 DEG C, and keeps 1 hour；
(10) finished product: it is 30 DEG C that the bag heap after step (9) being heated naturally cools to compost temperature in bag, completes preparation planting material.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in described material bagging, the bag two ends collar seals, wherein the collar of sack two ends diameter 5cm-6cm seals, and the collar of pouch diameter 3cm-4cm seals, and prepares and obtains pocket.
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Application publication date: 20160831 |