CN105890947B - A kind of device and method of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation and direct shear test - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation and direct shear test Download PDFInfo
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- CN105890947B CN105890947B CN201610212571.0A CN201610212571A CN105890947B CN 105890947 B CN105890947 B CN 105890947B CN 201610212571 A CN201610212571 A CN 201610212571A CN 105890947 B CN105890947 B CN 105890947B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of device and method of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation and direct shear test, including component and charging assembly are prepared, prepare component：Including bottom frame, bottom plate, telescopic component and on cut box, telescopic component is hinged on bottom frame, and bottom plate is movably arranged in bottom frame, is above cut box and is located in telescopic component, charging assembly：Including the first jack, force transmission rack, the fixed frame for being fixedly connected on telescopic component top, one end of the first jack is fixedly connected on fixed frame, and other end is resisted against on the end face of force transmission rack, and the one end of force transmission rack far from the first jack, which is resisted against, cuts on box.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of live Soil Direct Shear experiment soil bodys to prepare the device and method with direct shear test.
Background technology
In recent years, underground engineering and the related theoretical, design of slope project, construction have obtained in-depth study, geotechnical engineering
The deformation failure overwhelming majority be caused by failure by shear, the accurate shear strength parameter for measuring Rock And Soil is in rock
Critically important effect is played in geotechnological journey.In the experiment of test Rock And Soil shearing strength, direct shearing test is due to its operating method
Simply, definite principle and be widely used.
Due to the limitation of field test condition and funds, Rock And Soil direct shear test is still with the experiment of laboratory small size
It is main.It the advantage is that boundary condition is easy to control, a variety of methods such as direct shear test, triaxial test, torsion shear test may be used and obtain
Obtain the Rock And Soil shear strength parameter under different conditions；Its disadvantage is mainly manifested in following two aspects：First, in sampling, fortune
During defeated, sample preparation, experiment, the states such as the integrality of sample, structural, moisture content are inevitably disturbed or destroy；
Second is that indoor specimen size is small, the authenticity and representativeness namely dimensional effect of test result are affected to a certain extent.Cause
This, the engineerings such as landslide, slope stability analysis in practice, the shear strength parameter that laboratory test is obtained is difficult to directly answer
With.And in field direct shear test, specimen size is big and carries out at the scene, the anisotropism and weak structural face of the soil body can be fought
The influence for cutting intensity more realistically reflects, and more tallies with the actual situation than the experiment of the indoor soil body.Therefore, in many cases, have
Necessity carries out live Soil Direct Shear experiment, to obtain the actual mechanics parameter of the soil body, and then instructs the design and construction of engineering.
Apparent difficult there are two but during large-scale Soil Direct Shear is tested at the scene at present, one is the examination of soil body standard
Sample prepares problem, and common scene Soil Direct Shear test sample size is generally：Length × width × height=500mm × 500mm ×
300mm.When field test, general first excavated in the test site of selection prepares one compared with the bulk specimen soil body（Length is big
In 500mm）, then use cuts the tools such as native knife and prepares sample by hand, but prepares geometric dimension, the angle of sample by hand
Degree, flatness are often nonstandard, are extremely difficult to the requirement of test specification, and then directly result in the discreteness of test result, influence
The order of accuarcy of test result；On the other hand, it is the Normal stress application problem of direct shear test, generally use earth anchor, preloading etc.
Method, still, the embedded workload applied with preloading of earth anchor are very big, time cost and high labor cost, therefore, there is an urgent need to
A kind of more easily Normal stress applying method.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, overcomes disadvantages mentioned above and shortcoming of the existing technology, provides a kind of scene soil
Body direct shear test is prepared with the soil body and the device and method of direct shear test, can be very easily to direct shear test soil body system
It is standby, after being prepared at the scene to the soil body, soil body preparation device can be directly adapted as to experimental rig, and make corresponding staight scissors
Experiment, simple in structure, in-site installation convenient disassembly is readily transported, and is suitable for the produced on-site and teaching test of the soil body.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme is that：A kind of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation dress
It sets, it is characterised in that：Including preparing component and charging assembly,
Prepare component：Including bottom frame, bottom plate, telescopic component and on cut box, telescopic component is hinged on bottom frame, bottom plate activity
In bottom frame, above cuts box and be located in telescopic component；
Charging assembly：Including the first jack, force transmission rack, the fixed frame for being fixedly connected on telescopic component top, the 1000th
The one end on jin top is fixedly connected on fixed frame, and other end is resisted against on the end face of force transmission rack, and force transmission rack is very heavy far from first
The one end on top, which is resisted against, cuts on box.
Further, force transmission rack is " n " shape, and a card slot is installed with respectively in two ends of force transmission rack.
Further, it is the rectangular tube surrounded by four blocks of steel plates to cut box on described, and a plurality of cut is mounted in upper box lower end of cutting
Knife is installed with a wing plate respectively at the upper edge for cutting box lower end both sides, and the lower end for above cutting box is resisted against the upper surface of cutter
On, the outer wall for above cutting box is located in card slot.
Further, the bottom frame includes two strips, and two strips are located at the both sides of the soil body, the one of strip
Side is equipped with slideway, and multiple hinges are equipped on the end face of strip, and bottom plate is located in slideway, can be slided in slideway, in strip
End face is equipped with multiple holdfast holes.
Further, the telescopic component includes more telescopic rods, and one end of telescopic rod is hinged in branch hinge, other end
It being socketed on fixed frame, the telescopic rod includes casing and screw rod, and tapped through hole is equipped in casing, and screw rod has two, point
It is not screwed onto the both ends of casing, is installed with for the steel pipe hinged with branch in the end of screw rod, one is equipped at the middle part of casing
Locking hole is socketed with extension bar in locking hole.
A kind of method that scene Soil Direct Shear experiment prepares sample with soil body preparation device, includes the following steps：
The first step excavates out a larger foundation pit in the test site of selection, and the initial soil body is reserved in the middle part of foundation pit,
The initial soil body all around all reserves certain space；
Two strips are respectively placed at the both sides of the initial soil body, and require the strip of initial soil body both sides by second step
Be mutually parallel, strip with slideway one end towards the initial soil body, strip is fixed on to the bottom of foundation pit using holdfast；
Each telescopic rod is hinged in the hinge of the branch on strip by third step；
Each telescopic rod is erected by the 4th step, in the upper end that fixed frame is fixedly mounted on to each telescopic rod；
In 5th step, the fixed frame for being fixedly connected with one end of the first jack, the upper end that box is placed on the soil body is cut by
On face；
6th step is cut box by and is lifted, and each piece of cutter is caught in the supreme lower end for cutting box, force transmission rack is being cut box by
It blocks；
Force transmission rack is withstood in 7th step, the one end of the first jack far from fixed frame, and each telescopic rod is adjusted using extension bar
Height, and apply certain pressure to above cutting box, after each piece cutter is uniformly embedded in the soil body, so that it may adjust to be parked in
Section telescopic bar；
8th step extends the first jack, carries out normal direction cutting to the soil body, the cutting after the completion of, clears up and be cut
Extra native slag, and cut box by and force transmission rack is removed from the soil body, the soil body above cut after the completion of box cutting is finished product soil
Body；
Bottom plate is caught in the slideway to strip by the 9th step, and the side wall at foundation pit rear portion disposes overwood side, then in flitch
Upper third jack, pedestal of the flitch as third jack is disposed to extend third jack, third jack between bottom plate
Bottom plate, bottom plate is pushed to carry out transverse cuts to the finished product soil body, it is scene to wait for the soil body after bottom plate cuts the finished product soil body just
The experiment soil body of Soil Direct Shear experiment.
A kind of device of Soil Direct Shear experiment, including prepare component, pressure-applying unit, staight scissors component and measure part；
Prepare component：Including bottom frame, bottom plate and telescopic component, telescopic component is hinged on bottom frame, and bottom plate is movably arranged on
In bottom frame；The bottom frame includes two strips, and two strips are located at the both sides of the soil body, is equipped with and slides in the side of strip
Road, is equipped with multiple hinges on the end face of strip, and bottom plate is located in slideway, can be slided in slideway, set on the end face of strip
There are multiple holdfast holes；The telescopic component includes more telescopic rods, and one end of telescopic rod is hinged in branch hinge, other end socket
On fixed frame, the telescopic rod includes casing and screw rod, and tapped through hole is equipped in casing, and screw rod has two, respectively spiral shell
The both ends of casing are connected on, is installed with for the steel pipe hinged with branch in the end of screw rod, a locking is equipped at the middle part of casing
Hole is socketed with extension bar in locking hole.
Pressure-applying unit：It is second very heavy by the way that branch is hinged on the supporting rack of strip side, one end is in contact with supporting rack
Top；
Staight scissors component：Including be coated on outside the soil body on cut box and incision box, further include include the first jack, fixed connect
It is connected on the fixed frame on telescopic component top, one end of the first jack is fixedly connected on fixed frame, in incision box close to above cutting
It is mounted with ball on the end face of box, further includes being placed on to cut interior box, the lower force transmitting board on soil body top surface and upper force transmitting board, upper
Being put between force transmitting board and lower force transmitting board has roller bearing row, one end of the separate fixed frame of the first jack to be resisted against force transmitting board
On end face, the one end of the second jack far from supporting rack is resisted against the side for cutting box, it is described on to cut box enclosed by four blocks of steel plates
At rectangular tube, be installed with a wing plate respectively at the upper edge for cutting box lower end both sides, the ball is placed on wing plate, institute
The shape size for stating incision box is identical as box is above cut, and is installed with polylith support plate in the two sides of incision box, support plate is hinged on
In branch hinge；
Measure part：The first dial gauge of upper force transmitting board Normal Displacement amount is measured including one, box lateral displacement is cut in a measurement
Second dial gauge of amount.
Further, support frame as described above is " n " font, and the both ends of supporting rack are respectively articulated in the branch hinge of soil body both sides.
Further, one piece of pressure gauge is separately installed on the first jack and the second jack.
A kind of Soil Direct Shear test method, it is characterised in that：
The first step is inserted in outside the finished product soil body and cuts box and incision box, and ball is filled in and cuts box and incision box two upper
On the corresponding end face of wing plate of side, the support plate in the face of incision box both sides is hinged in branch hinge；
Telescopic rod and supporting rack are mounted on strip, and the second jack are tucked into supporting rack and are above cut by second step
In gap between box；
Third step, successively by lower force transmitting board, roller bearing row and upper force transmitting board be placed on the top surface of the soil body；
Fixed frame after erecting telescopic rod, is mounted on the top of telescopic rod by the 4th step, the first jack is tucked into solid
Determine in the gap between frame and upper force transmitting board, the first jack is extended applies Normal stress to the soil body, and observes the water of fixed frame
It is flat；
5th step, the second jack of elongation apply lateral load to box is above cut, box movement, observation the 100th are cut in promotion
The variation numerical value for dividing table, the second dial gauge and pressure gauge, can stop testing after the soil body reaches code requirement shear displacemant, try
Record and food preservation test data during testing；
The advantage of the invention is that：The present invention can easily prepare the soil body standard sample of Pass Test demand, keep away
Error caused by having exempted from artificial sample preparation；
When testing at the scene, entire pilot system constitutes a closed system, can be by Normal stress and water by bottom frame
Flat load is converted into the internal force of loading device, is not necessarily to additional counterforce device；
Incision box is completely fixed during experiment, and above cutting box can only be translatable, and cannot rotate, and therefore, shearing seam will not be because of
Sample cuts swollen effect and mutates, to make the shear-deformable more uniform of sample；
Ball between upper incision box can effectively reduce friction effect, keep test result truer；Upper and lower force transmitting board it
Between roller bearing row ensure normal pressure act on sample middle always, avoid the wobbler action of Normal stress；
The configuration of the present invention is simple, in-site installation convenient disassembly, is readily transported, and the produced on-site and teaching for being suitable for the soil body are tried
It tests.
Description of the drawings
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of preparation facilities of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram of experimental rig of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the front view of preparation facilities of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is the side view of preparation facilities of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is the front view of experimental rig of the present invention,
Fig. 6 is the side view of experimental rig of the present invention,
Fig. 7 is the schematic top plan view of the present invention when in use, and shown in figure is to carry out transverse cuts to the finished product soil body,
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section at A-A in Fig. 7.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of scene Soil Direct Shear experiment soil body preparation device, including component and charging assembly are prepared,
Prepare component：Including bottom frame, bottom plate 1, telescopic component and on cut box 5, telescopic component is hinged on bottom frame, bottom plate 1
It is movably arranged in bottom frame, above cuts box 5 and be located in telescopic component；
Charging assembly：Including the first jack 7, force transmission rack 6, the fixed frame 8 for being fixedly connected on telescopic component top, first
One end of jack 7 is fixedly connected on fixed frame 8, and other end is resisted against on the end face of force transmission rack 6, and force transmission rack 6 is far from
One end of one jack 7, which is resisted against, cuts on box 5.
Further, force transmission rack 6 is " n " shape, and a card slot 601 is installed with respectively in two ends of force transmission rack 6.
Further, it is the rectangular tube surrounded by four blocks of steel plates to cut box 5 on described, it is upper cut 5 lower end of box be mounted with it is a plurality of
Cutter 4 is installed with a wing plate 501 respectively at the upper edge for cutting 5 lower end both sides of box, and the lower end for above cutting box 5 is resisted against cutter 4
Upper surface on, the outer wall for above cutting box 5 is located in card slot 601.
Further, the bottom frame includes two strips 2, and two strips 2 are located at the both sides of the soil body, in strip 2
Side be equipped with slideway 201, on the end face of strip 2 be equipped with multiple hinge 202, bottom plate 1 is located in slideway 201, can be in slideway
Sliding in 201, is equipped with multiple holdfast holes 203 on the end face of strip 2.
Further, the telescopic component includes more telescopic rods 3, and one end of telescopic rod 3 is hinged in branch hinge 202, separately
Outer one end is socketed on fixed frame 8, and the telescopic rod 3 includes casing 301 and screw rod 302, is led to equipped with screw thread in casing 301
Hole, screw rod 302 have two, are screwed onto the both ends of casing 301 respectively, are installed in the end of screw rod 302 for cutting with scissors 202 with branch
Hinged steel pipe 303 is equipped with a locking hole at the middle part of casing 301, extension bar 18 is socketed in locking hole.
A kind of method that scene 101 direct shear test of the soil body prepares sample with 101 preparation facilities of the soil body, includes the following steps：
The first step excavates out a larger foundation pit 102 in the test site of selection, is reserved just at the middle part of foundation pit 102
The beginning soil body 101, the initial soil body 101 all around all reserve certain space；
Two strips 2 are respectively placed at the both sides of the initial soil body 101, and require 101 both sides of the initial soil body by second step
Strip 2 be mutually parallel, strip 2 with slideway 201 one end towards the initial soil body 101, strip 2 is fixed on using holdfast 21
The bottom of foundation pit 102；
Each telescopic rod 3 is hinged in the hinge of the branch on strip 2 202 by third step；
Each telescopic rod 3 is erected by the 4th step, in the upper end that fixed frame 8 is fixedly mounted on to each telescopic rod 3；
In 5th step, the fixed frame 8 for being fixedly connected with one end of the first jack 7, box 5 is cut by and is placed on the soil body 101
Upper surface on；
6th step is cut box 5 by and is lifted, and each piece of cutter 4 is caught in the supreme lower end for cutting box 5, will be upper by force transmission rack 6
Box 5 is cut to block；
Force transmission rack 6 is withstood in 7th step, first one end of jack 7 far from fixed frame 8, and each stretch is adjusted using extension bar 18
The height of contracting bar 3, and apply certain pressure to above cutting box 5, after each piece of cutter 4 is uniformly embedded in the soil body 101, just
Adjustable telescopic rod 3 can be parked in；
8th step extends the first jack 7, and normal direction cutting is carried out to the soil body 101, and after the completion of cutting, cleaning is cut
Under extra native slag, and cut box 5 by and force transmission rack 6 is removed from the soil body 101, above cut the soil after the completion of box 5 is cut
Body 101 is the finished product soil body 101；
Bottom plate 1 is caught in the slideway 201 on strip 2 by the 9th step, and the side wall at 102 rear portion of foundation pit disposes overwood side
20, then upper third jack 11, pedestal of the flitch 20 as third jack 11, elongation are disposed between flitch 20 and bottom plate 1
Third jack 11, third jack 11 push bottom plate 1, bottom plate 1 to the finished product soil body 101 carry out transverse cuts, wait for bottom plate 1 at
The soil body 101 after the product soil body 101 is cut just is the experiment soil body 101 of 101 direct shear test of the live soil body.
It, can be with after completing to the preparation of the soil body 101 with 101 preparation facilities of the soil body using live 101 direct shear test of the soil body
It is experimental rig by preparation facilities change；
It is the 101 staight scissors examination of the live soil body to install pressure-applying unit, staight scissors component on preparation facilities again and measure part just
Experiment device.
Pressure-applying unit：By the way that branch hinge 202 is hinged on the supporting rack 12 of 2 side of strip, one end is in contact with supporting rack 12
Second jack 11；
Staight scissors component：Including be coated on outside the soil body 101 on cut box 5 and incision box 10, in incision box 10 close to above cutting box 5
End face on be mounted with ball 9, further include be placed on cut in box 5, the lower force transmitting board 13 on 101 top surface of the soil body and upper force transmitting board
15, being put between upper force transmitting board 15 and lower force transmitting board 13 has roller bearing to arrange 14, one end of the separate fixed frame 8 of the first jack 7
It is resisted against on the end face of force transmitting board 15, second one end of jack 11 far from supporting rack 12 is resisted against the side for cutting box 5, institute
The shape size for stating incision box 10 is identical as box 5 is above cut, and polylith support plate 110, support plate are installed in the two sides of incision box
110 are hinged in branch hinge 202；
Measure part：Box transverse direction is cut in the first dial gauge 17, one measurement that 15 Normal Displacement amount of upper force transmitting board is measured including one
Second dial gauge 171 of displacement.
Further, support frame as described above 12 is " n " font, and the both ends of supporting rack 12 are respectively articulated with the branch of 101 both sides of the soil body
In hinge 202.
Further, it is separately installed with one piece of pressure gauge 170 on the first jack 7 and the second jack 11.
A kind of scene Soil Direct Shear test method, includes the following steps：
The first step is inserted in outside the finished product soil body 101 and cuts box 5 and incision box 10, and ball 9 is filled in and cuts 5 He of box upper
On the 501 corresponding end face of wing plate of 10 both sides of incision box, the support plate 110 in the face of 10 both sides of incision box is hinged on branch hinge
On 202；
Telescopic rod 3 and supporting rack 12 are mounted on strip 2, and the second jack 11 are tucked into supporting rack by second step
12 and on cut in gap between box 5；
Third step, successively by lower force transmitting board 13, roller bearing row 14 and upper force transmitting board 15 be placed on the top surface of the soil body 101；
Fixed frame 8 after erecting telescopic rod 3, is mounted on the top of telescopic rod 3, the first jack 7 is filled in by the 4th step
Into the gap between fixed frame 8 and upper force transmitting board 15, the elongation of the first jack 7 applies Normal stress to the soil body 101, and observes
The level of fixed frame 8；
5th step, the second jack 11 of elongation apply lateral load to box 5 is above cut, and cut the movement of box 5 in promotion, observation the
The variation numerical value of one dial gauge 17, the second dial gauge 171 and pressure gauge 170, after the soil body 101 reaches code requirement shear displacemant
It can stop testing, record and food preservation test data during experiment；
The present invention is the instrument based on Coulomb block effect experiment soil shear strength test, mainly by above cutting box 5 and incision
Generation horizontal displacement reaches scene and is sheared to the soil body 101 between box 10.When experiment, the soil body 101, which is loaded into, cuts box 5 under
Among cutting box 10, above cuts and be connected by ball 9 between box 5 and incision box 10；Incision box 10 is hinged on bottom by support plate 110
On frame, and bottom surface is contacted with bottom plate 1, and the top storing for above cutting box 5 has upper force transmitting board 15 and lower force transmitting board 13 and roller bearing row
14.The first dial gauge 17 for measuring normal direction displacement is placed on upper force transmitting board 15.On cut box 5 can be in horizontal direction hydraulic jack
Driving under the horizontal sliding between ball 9 and roller bearing row 14, to achieve the effect that shear the soil body.Horizontal thrust can be by even
The pressure gauge 170 being connected on the second jack 11 is read, and horizontal displacement is measured by the second dial gauge 171；Normal pressure can be by
Pressure gauge 170 on first jack is read.During entire experiment, dial gauge is recorded（Or displacement sensor）With it is very heavy
The data of pressure on top surface table, until the relative displacement between upper incision box 10 reaches code requirement, off-test at this time.
The present invention can easily prepare the soil body standard sample of Pass Test demand, caused by avoiding artificial sample preparation
Error；When testing at the scene, entire pilot system constitutes a closed system, can be by Normal stress and horizontal lotus by bottom frame
Idling turns to the internal force of loading device, is not necessarily to additional counterforce device；Incision box is completely fixed during experiment, above cuts 5, box
It can be translatable, cannot rotate, therefore, shearing seam will not mutate because of the cutting swollen effect of sample, to make the shearing of sample
Deformation is more uniform；On the ball 9 cut between box 5 and incision box 10 can effectively reduce friction effect, keep test result trueer
It is real；14 guarantee normal pressure of roller bearing row between upper force transmitting board 15 and lower force transmitting board 13 acts on soil body middle always, avoids
The wobbler action of Normal stress；The present invention, simple in structure, in-site installation convenient disassembly is readily transported, and is suitable for the scene of the soil body
Production and teaching test.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Soil Direct Shear experimental rig, it is characterised in that：Including preparing component, pressure-applying unit, staight scissors component and measurement portion
Point；
Prepare component：Including bottom frame, bottom plate（1）And telescopic component, telescopic component are hinged on bottom frame, bottom plate（1）Activity installation
In bottom frame；The bottom frame includes two strips（2）, and two strips（2）The both sides of the soil body are located at, in strip（2）'s
Side is equipped with slideway（201）, in strip（2）End face be equipped with multiple hinge（202）, bottom plate（1）Positioned at slideway（201）It is interior,
It can be in slideway（201）Interior sliding, in strip（2）End face be equipped with multiple holdfast holes（203）；The telescopic component includes more
Telescopic rod（3）, telescopic rod（3）One end be hinged on branch hinge（202）On, other end is socketed in fixed frame（8）On, it is described flexible
Bar（3）Including casing（301）And screw rod, in casing（301）Interior to be equipped with tapped through hole, screw rod has two, is screwed onto set respectively
Pipe（301）Both ends, be installed in the end of screw rod for being cut with scissors with branch（202）Hinged steel pipe, in casing（301）Middle part set
There is a locking hole, extension bar is socketed in locking hole（18）；
Pressure-applying unit：It is cut with scissors by branch（202）（201）It is hinged on strip（2）The supporting rack of side（12）, one end and supporting rack（12）
The second jack being in contact（11）；
Staight scissors component：Including being coated on the soil body（101）Box is cut on outer（5）With incision box（10）, it includes first very heavy to further include
Top（7）, be fixedly connected on the fixed frame on telescopic component top（8）, the first jack（7）One end be fixedly connected on fixed frame
（8）On, in incision box（10）It is close above to cut box（5）End face on be mounted with ball（9）, further include being placed on to cut box（5）Interior,
The soil body（101）Lower force transmitting board on top surface（13）With upper force transmitting board（15）, in upper force transmitting board（15）With lower force transmitting board（13）Between
Storing has roller bearing row（14）, the first jack（7）Separate fixed frame（8）One end be resisted against force transmitting board（15）End face
On, the second jack（11）Far from supporting rack（12）One end be resisted against and cut box（5）Side, it is described on cut box（5）Be by
The rectangular tube that four blocks of steel plates surround cuts box upper（5）The edge of lower end both sides is installed with a wing plate respectively（501）, described
Ball（9）It is placed in wing plate（501）On, the incision box（10）Shape size and above cut box（5）It is identical, the two of incision box
Side is installed with polylith support plate（110）, support plate（110）It is hinged on branch hinge（202）On；
Measure part：Upper force transmitting board is measured including one（15）First dial gauge of Normal Displacement amount（17）, one measure cut box transverse direction
Second dial gauge of displacement（171）.
2. a kind of Soil Direct Shear experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Support frame as described above（12）For " n "
Font, supporting rack（12）Both ends be respectively articulated with the soil body（101）The branch of both sides is cut with scissors（202）On.
3. a kind of Soil Direct Shear experimental rig according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the first jack（7）With
Two jack（11）On be separately installed with one piece of pressure gauge（170）.
4. a kind of method that experimental rig using described in claim 3 does Soil Direct Shear experiment, it is characterised in that：Including as follows
Step：
The first step, in the finished product soil body（101）Outer be inserted in cuts box（5）With incision box（10）, and by ball（9）It fills in and cuts box upper
（5）With incision box（10）The wing plate of both sides（501）On corresponding end face, by incision box（10）The support plate in the face of both sides
（110）It is hinged on branch hinge（202）On；
Second step, by telescopic rod（3）And supporting rack（12）Mounted on strip（2）On, and by the second jack（11）It is tucked into branch
Support（12）With above cut box（5）Between gap in；
Third walks, successively by lower force transmitting board（13）, roller bearing row（14）With upper force transmitting board（15）It is placed in the soil body（101）Top surface
On；
4th step, by telescopic rod（3）After standing, by fixed frame（8）Mounted on telescopic rod（3）Top, by the first jack（7）
It is tucked into fixed frame（8）With upper force transmitting board（15）Between gap in, the first jack（7）It extends to the soil body（101）Application method
To load, and observe fixed frame（8）Level；
5th step, the second jack of elongation（11）, to above cutting box（5）Apply lateral load, box is cut in promotion（5）It is mobile, observation
First dial gauge（17）, the second dial gauge（171）And pressure gauge（170）Variation numerical value, in the soil body（101）Reach code requirement
It can stop testing after shear displacemant, record and food preservation test data during experiment.
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| CN201810651257.1A CN108871893B (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Method for preparing soil body by soil body preparation device for on-site soil body direct shear test |
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| CN106525588B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2023-06-23 | 华侨大学 | Multi-deformation-mode self-adaptive extensometer |
| CN107942031A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-04-20 | 华南理工大学 | The simulation experiment method of soil body weather alternating and staight scissors |
| CN107817173B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-10-20 | 华侨大学 | In-situ diagonal shear test system for raw soil wall and application method thereof |
| CN110455713B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2024-03-22 | 南京林业大学 | Pressurized single-interface micro-distance rotary cutting testing device and testing method |
| CN114739729A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-12 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method for rapidly obtaining undisturbed soil samples in batches |
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| CN108871893B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
| CN108871893A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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