CN105788738B - A kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire reducing hot inflection point and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire reducing hot inflection point and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wires for reducing hot inflection point, it include: one or more load core wire/stick and conductive wrapping layer composition, load core wire/stick is made of one or more strands of wires or fibre-reinforced composite material core wire/stick, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain, and the thermocouple synthesizing chemical-reacting that load core wire/stick has an insulating layer appropriate load core and conductive layer is avoided to be likely to occur when necessary；The conductive material of at least one layer coated of conductive wrapping layer, such as aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy, thereby increases and it is possible to have more package conductive layers with one heart, or even apply the conductive filament for being wound on outer layer；And conductive wrapping layer has adequate thickness (> 0.5mm), and is almost to be not subject to tension, conductive wrapping layer idea is while also to protect load core wire/stick for conduction；Described wire and cable is wound on disk；Also disclose a kind of manufacturing method of above-mentioned conducting wire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to prestressed wire and cable is had for electrical power distribution, particularly, the present invention relates to have to hold
Power core wire/stick such as fibre reinforced composites wire and cable.More specifically, the present invention relies on load core wire/the pre- of stick to answer
Power processing is so that aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, the conductive materials such as copper alloy or copper microalloy are almost not subject to tensile stress or place in conducting wire
In compressive stress state, and load core is in tensile stress state before lead, to reduce the hot inflection point of conducting wire.
Background technique
Traditional electric power transmission lead such as steel-cored aluminium strand (ACSR) is widely used in electrical power distribution network.With thermal expansion
The novel conductive wire of the low composite material enhancing of coefficient ratio steel has been applied in power grid based on its excellent high temperature low arc drop characteristic
To improve transmission line capability and efficiency and reduce cost and meet the requirement (such as reliability and safety) of power grid.These novel conductive wires
Enhance using aluminium (full annealing) or high temperature aluminium alloys, and with Metal Substrate or high molecular material based composites load core.Steel
The soft aluminum stranded conductor of core (ACSS) is another high temperature wire, uses the soft aluminium after the annealing that can be run at high temperature.
The composition of different materials (such as load core material, conductive material) is related in hot inflection point and conducting wire, is defined as the temperature
Spend or more conductive material in conducting wire be not subject to tension or in pressure state.Electric conductor such as aluminium in these conducting wires, aluminium alloy,
Copper or copper alloy are generally in tensile stress state after lead, are higher than most conducting wire fortune so as to cause its hot inflection point
Trip temperature state.Before conducting wire reaches its hot inflection point, thermally expand substantially by conductive material as having high thermal expansion coefficient
Aluminium or copper determine, so as to cause big arc sag, limit the transmission line capability of conducting wire, as shown in Figure 1.This to use power grid increase
The conducting wire held in transformation or large span project is particularly important, because hot arc sag usually restricts the transmission line capability of such conducting wire.
The hot inflection point of conducting wire has outside the Pass in addition to the characteristic with its constituent material, also by the tension of conducting wire and tension history
It influences.
Gap-type conductor (GAP) is a kind of by the extraordinary conducting wire for the high temperature resistant low arc drop for inhibiting its hot inflection point.This passes through
The conducting wire inhibits its hot inflection point to reach in its special installation process.Gap-type conductor is passed through by steel wire and high temperature aluminium alloys
Accurate control steel core (i.e. load core) and the gap of unlined aluminium are made, which keeps and fill high temperature grease to assist steel core
The required relative motion in conducting wire installation process with aluminium layer.Gap-type conductor must be held by tensing the conducting wire between tension tower
Power core wire (removing aluminium layer then expose steel wire) is installed.The sequence of prestressing may need 48 hours or the longer time, and
And the working time for needing special device and lineman additional, because lineman needs to revisit after stretching process pylon completion
Final tension tower operational procedure.The conducting wire shows low arc drop performance after correctly installing really, because its hot inflection point is located at or connects
Nearly installation temperature, only by the thermal expansion control of steel wire, (thermal expansion coefficient of steel wire is about aluminium to the hot arc sag of conducting wire at this time
Half).However, gap-type conductor is usually very expensive and difficult to install, it requires training and the tool of profession, and site operation needs
More times.In addition, the load core of the conducting wire almost bears all load, if fracture can retract inside conducting wire aluminium layer,
So that the reparation of gap-type conductor at the scene can not, it is necessary to which whole section of gap-type conductor between replacement and installation tension tower causes
The expensive delay that power transmission is restored, has report to point out that the lubricating oil inside gap-type conductor leaks out over time
The phenomenon that, and make the object below electric wire dirty, and cause the hydrophobic oiliness of conductive line surfaces, it forms droplet and brings corona noise.Between
Lubricating oil in gap type conducting wire also is used to prevent the corrosion of steel core, and the disappearance of lubricating oil will lead to the corrosion resistant performance of gap-type conductor
Decline.
The another way for obtaining the hot inflection point of low conducting wire is set forth in Chinese patent CN102103896A1, which mentions
And aluminum stranded conductor is annealed around carrying steel core, and carry steel core and pass through autofrettage.It claims that manufactured conducting wire can bear 150
Longtime running ability under DEG C high temperature.The conducting wire of patent production was made in 2013 for a main China Power transmission project
For trial operation is commercialized.Due to extensive local lantern phenomenon and irregular arc sag, which fails, not
It obtains and is not replaced by conventional wires, the further application of the conducting wire is forbidden by China national power grid.The patent does not discuss heat
Inflection point, or the range of stress distribution or the stress level in aluminum stranded conductor or the processing of exact prestressing force load core wire are disclosed
Technique and setting.Easily deformable because annealed aluminium wire is softer, load steel core prestressing force may make soft aluminum stranded conductor outside when discharging
It heaves.When the conducting wire is wound on take-up reel, it is irreversible that the pressure that upper and lower layer conductor is formed may cause loose annealed aluminum wire
Deformation.These permanent deformations of annealed aluminum wire not only cause the local lantern phenomenon of conducting wire but also easily cause local aluminum thread breakage,
Hot spot is generated in conducting wire current-carrying operational process even to break.The heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire obtained by JPS by similar approach
Attempted in 2002, also there is no and be commercialized successfully because the aluminium alloy wire of major relaxation there is a problem of it is same.
For high-temperature operation, JPS also protects conducting wire load wire-core with thin aluminium covering, however, the aluminium covering on wire stylet
It can be subjected to the up to tension of 190MPA in wire stylet pre-stretching stranding process, vibrating fatigue is easily caused to damage.The thin aluminium packet
Layer cannot effectively support the wire stylet in tension and tighten it and minimize, tension release of the end of conducting wire in wire stylet
Before must be fixed, after load wire-core stress release, all aluminum steels can become very loose.It the aluminum steel of the relaxation and leads
Line tail end fixing device makes such conducting wire be difficult to handle when manufacture and field stringing are constructed.
High temperature wire such as indium steel-cored aluminium strand (INVAR) and Al-base ceramic fiber composite core aluminum stranded wire (ACCR), use energy
Enough it is subjected to the aluminum-zirconium high-temperature alloy material of high-temperature operation.These conducting wires usually have high hot inflection point, usually meet or exceed
100 DEG C, significantly larger than such daily current-carrying running temperature (see Table 1) of conducting wire.Pre-stretching processing in such conducting wire scene is seldom tasted
Examination.
The pretension processing of steel reinforced soft aluminum strand (ACSS) is used once in a while.ACSS conducting wire is between pylon, is completed
Significant tensile stress (load is equivalent to 40% wire pull strength) is applied to conducting wire before tension tower tension fitting clamping process
A few hours complete.The pre-stretching processing of ACSS reduces hot inflection point really and improves hot arc sag, however, high in ACCS stretching
Answer force request increase pylon safe operation risk, the old transmission pylon especially in track remodelling project.
Fiber reinforcement organic macromolecule-based composite material load-carrying core and the conducting wire of annealing aluminum stranded conductor production are in the past decade
It being widely recognized as and is applied, these conducting wires have the aluminium twisted wire with carbon fiber composite core (ACCC) from CTC GLOBAL company,
The C7 of SOUTH Wire company, the Low Sag of Nexans company and the conducting wire of other similar types.These conducting wires are usually used
Carbon fibre composite is as load core, containing insulating layer to prevent from being electrically coupled chemical reaction between load core and aluminium.Carbon fiber
Composite core has minimum thermal expansion coefficient, these conducting wires its hot arc sag very little more than hot inflection point, current-carrying running temperature can be high
Up to 200 °C, higher current-carrying capacity can be transmitted compared with traditional ACSR conducting wire (when such as N-1 emergency).These wire weights
Gently, intensity is high, and composite material load-carrying core is than steel wire load core more resistant to corrosion.
However, these composite material core leads usually its hot inflection point is at 70 DEG C or more.In the temperature hereinafter, the heat of conducting wire
Elongation shows big hot arc sag because still being determined by aluminum stranded conductor.Such conducting wire is substantially all the increasing for old route at present
Hold transformation.Usually to these conducting wires without autofrettage, because old pylon perhaps cannot bear to inhibit the hot inflection point of conducting wire
Required high stress.Lead to wedge angle situation as construction processing is improper, composite material load-carrying core may be because of excessive axial direction
Compression and lead to reinforcing fiber buckling failure, composite core rapid wear.The composite conductor of relatively fine load core has more
Good bending flexibility, but it is also easy to appear wedge angle (aluminum stranded conductor shifts to adapt to the bending of load core wire/stick) simultaneously, when compound
When tension deficiency in material cores, it is more vulnerable to damage.If load core is damaged by only part, wire fracture may be pushed away
Even several years slow some months, safety and reliability to power grid, which are brought, to be seriously threatened.If composite material core lead can effectively be prevented
Only construction fault, load core is in big pre- tensile stress, and its conductive material is almost not subject to tensile stress, which can be very suitable
Together in safety operation and installation, guarantee the safety and reliability service of power grid.
Although the annealed aluminium in these conducting wires provides maximum conductivity, easily deformable under tensile stress.These conducting wires
It is carried by load core, usually requires that special fitting to be fixedly clamped.The fitting cost that these conducting wires use is sometime up to whole
The 50% of a project cost, this be to many power grids it is not acceptant, especially to the engineering of cost sensitive, such as low-voltage network
Using.Composite material load-carrying core conducting wire must use expensive and special accessory, collet such as from CTC Global company and
Skinning technique or crimp contact aluminium insert mode from AFL company.In addition, these conducting wires particularly severe must follow stringing temperature
Degree and time requirement, especially fork route, cause installation process complex and expensive.If the Poling Construction tension with phase conductor is timely
Between it is different, each wire may have different hot inflection points and have different arc sags with phase conductor after mounting, even result in
Short circuit occurs when conducting wire running temperature changes.For example, the electric network reconstruction project of one 220 kilovolts of China in 2011, construction work
Teacher's report points out that ACCC Drake phase conductor arc sag shows big difference, although the stringing tension of same 18KN.One phase
Conducting wire is finished in construction on March 30th, 2011, and arc sag was observed April 2 and significantly increases 0.69 meter, and April 3 increased to
0.77 meter.Two other phase conductors in the same same place of route have been constructed the March 31 under the stringing tension of same 18KN
Finish, the arc sag that a conducting wire is observed improved 0.9 meter April 2, increased to 1.175 meters on April 3, another conducting wire observation
To arc sag improved 0.78 meter April 2, April 3 increased to 0.86 meter.These conducting wire sags change not only too greatly, but also
Random unpredictable, this is a significant problem to field engineer and power grid.If these conducting wires have had low hot inflection point (outstanding
It is not need to make pretension processing in the transformation project of old power grid), then these conducting wires and accurate can be easily installed
Target arc sag is obtained, and does not have sensibility (such as stringing to inevitable some small errors during stringing and after being installed
Time, temperature and the variation with tension between phase conductor).
Another challenge of carbon fiber composite material core aluminum conductor is their arc sags big under refrigerated environment.To keep arc
Hanging down avoids pylon from bearing excessive stringing tension, and after conducting wire declines by ice load tensile stress for the first time, engineer adjusts sometimes
Whole wire tension further improves arc sag.This time for requiring lineman additional and effort.If oneself has before these wire constructions
There are low hot inflection point, and a pre- tensile stress processing requirement not high to pylon, these conducting wires can be mounted higher position and electric
For tower without higher pre- tensile stress is subjected to, this preferably can be used to handle the arc sag under frost load.
In the distribution line of low pressure operation, conducting wire is restricted based on cost and bears higher current density.Because obtaining line
Road corridor land used becomes more and more difficult to build new power transmission distribution network, reasonably necessary using high temperature wire, because
These high temperature wires both can solve large capacity when emergency, while provide low line loss, high energy efficiency.Because power distribution network high temperature is led
Line is usually smaller, which should accomplish both to have saved money is easily installed again (in conducting wire itself, accessory and installation), dimension
Shield is repaired.
So power grid is required to the conducting wire that the hot inflection point of hot operation inhibits, and the hot inflection point of the conducting wire inhibits nothing
Pretension processing need to be carried out conducting wire between pylon and be influenced caused by the safety of pylon.In addition, composite material core lead is answered
Not only economical but also easy to use (it include: installation consistency, no lantern phenomenon, maloperation is easy to repair maintenance almost without influence, more
Good energy conservation, ultralow arc sag and the compatibility with existing low price fitting accessory).The present invention is by providing the wiring system of complete set
Scheme solves these problems.Conducting wire of the invention is by ensuring that the load core in conducting wire is in pre- tensile stress and its is enough
Electric conductor is not subject to tensile stress or in compressive stress state, and comes before pylon stringing without conducting wire damage (including lantern phenomenon)
Realize save money (conducting wire itself, installation, reparation and fitting), high transmission line capability and high energy efficiency, high temperature and the ice of invention wiring system
Various characteristics that the variation of low arc drop and temperature is influenced almost without arc sag under the conditions of jelly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to above-mentioned technological deficiency existing in the prior art, and providing a kind of reduces hot inflection point
High energy efficiency conducting wire and its manufacturing method.
To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wires for reducing hot inflection point, comprising: one or
More load core wire/sticks and conductive wrapping layer composition, load core wire/stick is by one or more strands of wires or fibre-reinforced compound
Material core wire/stick composition, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain, and load core wire/stick has when necessary
One insulating layer appropriate is come the thermocouple synthesizing chemical-reacting that avoids load core and conductive layer is likely to occur；The conductive wrapping layer is extremely
The conductive material of rare one layer of coated, such as aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy, thereby increases and it is possible to have more packages with one heart conductive
Layer, or even apply and be wound on the conductive filament of outer layer, aluminium conductive layer can be aluminium (including duralumin), aluminium alloy (including high temperature aluminium alloys) with
And the processed soft aluminium of full annealing；Copper conductive layer can be copper, and copper alloy includes copper microalloy；The conductive wrapping layer has foot
Enough thickness (> 0.5mm), and be almost to be not subject to tension, conductive wrapping layer idea are while also to protect load core for conduction
Line/stick (for example aoxidize, high temperature, environment or stress corrosion, and during construction and production and transport probably due to load core wire/
Stick undergoes load core caused by excessive stresses especially axial compression stress to damage)；Described wire and cable is wound on disk.
Wherein, load core wire/stick is by substantially continuous reinforcing fiber (carbon fiber or ceramic fibre;Glass fibre and profound
The insulating layer of military rock fiber and other possible classes) in a resin base (heat curing type or thermoplastics type or silicone rubber kinds
Or metal mold or ceramic mould, it is also possible to by the filler of organic or inorganic) it forms, and also the load core wire/stick can be list
Root or more, can be solid core or hollow；When load core wire/stick is hollow, this load core wire/stick can be simultaneously put into optical fiber
Hollow parts are used for optical communication, especially apply on ground wire or distribution line；The optical fiber that load in-core is placed can be single or more
Root, can also in the conductive layer, or the interface of load core and conductive layer carries out real-time conductor temperature and electric current, load (packet
Include and carry ice and high wind) and arc sag monitoring control to ensure line security reliability service, realize smart grid；Conducting wire can at least have
The production length of 500m；Load core wire/stick lives through pretension processing, wishes at least 0.05% before crossing the first construction pulley
Remaining tensile strain is in load core wire/stick；Load core wire/stick linear expansion coefficient is no more than 15 x 10-6M/m/ °C, load
Core wire/stick has the radial anti-pressure ability of at least 3KN, is likely to occur damage when fitting is suppressed to avoid load core.
Wherein, the aluminum or aluminum alloy of conductive wrapping layer or copper or copper alloy are at least one layer of, are also possible to by multilayer concentric layer
Aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe or copper or copper alloy tube composition, or with aluminum or aluminum alloy or copper or copper alloy wire it is twisted in aluminum or aluminum alloy or
On load core wire/stick that copper or copper alloy clad are crossed；Conductive wrapping layer in addition to can be multilayer coating structure layer, be also possible to it is trapezoidal,
Z, the mixing of S or c-type and round conductive filament or these filaments；It is also possible to consider spiral shallow slot, loads for conductive coating
The section of core can also advanced optimize processing, and so that conducting wire leaves after drum, bullet is straight to greatest extent, and coating conductor layer is undergone when coiling
Compression at the smallest volume；Load core is still adequately protected in conductive wrapping layer, and it is curved to have prevented the wedge angle being likely encountered in construction
Axial compression stress caused by song damages the failure by shear of load core, this is even more important to the conducting wire of small load core.
Wherein, load core can be single, similar to the individual carbon fibers conducting wire of CTC or Nexans；It is also possible to more,
Similar to the ACCR of 3M, the C7 of Tokyo Zhi Gangjinan line company, all or part of load wicking surface carried out processing to reach
Close firm firm connection between load core and coated with conductive layer；Surface characteristics includes protrusion or recess construction, braided fiber
Layer or load core outermost layer are wound with fibre bundle (different from reinforcing fiber direction) between Lai Zengjia coated with conductive layer and load core
Combination and frictional force；The fibre bundle of winding can stay in load wicking surface, can also remove.
Wherein, the conducting wire is suitable for all voltage class ac and dc circuits, especially distribution line (< 110Kv), and
Common construction technology, plain conductor tool and fitting can be completely adopted very much, and the copper of high tightness, aluminium conductive layer is simultaneously
Maximum increase-volume and minimum line loss；The conducting wire is particularly suitable for large span and heavy icing area, because its intensity is very excellent to weight ratio
More, and hot arc sag is applied by pretension solved on conducting wire well；The smooth surface of conducting wire, the densification of conductor layer
Structure reduces windage and ice load to greatest extent, and load core can be used for it is very high using temperature because load core is not
It is directly aoxidized or the negative effect of environment；The conducting wire seashore and has sandstorm especially suitable for environmental pollution is serious
Desert area, because conducting wire and its load core are protected by its smooth seamless surfacing；The wire external layer can be with attached
Insulating layer is increased temperature as high-temperature cable, which includes but is not limited to polyethylene, and high density polyethylene (HDPE) is crosslinked poly- second
The material of alkene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and organic silicon, insulating layer are also conceivable to that the filler of organic or inorganic is added,
Including continuous and discontinuous fibrous material, such as glass fiber, basalt fibre or the suitable fibrous material of other classes.
Wherein, the conducting wire uses copper, and copper alloy makees conductive layer, is highly suitable for high-speed rail, subway, and the rails such as mine are electronic
The load line and connect wires that Vehicular system is applied；The conducting wire reduces hot inflection point by autofrettage in process of production；It holds
Power core has lower thermal expansion coefficient highest no more than 15x10-6/ C, for example it is not more than 8 X 10-6/ C, even no greater than 3 x 10-6/ C or more bottom, and the hot inflection point of the conducting wire can be lower than the minimum temperature of conducting wire operation；The conducting wire is regardless of weather and operation
Situation can keep nearly constant length, not need the constant tension system for additionally taking expensive maintenance difficult, so that it may protect
Card, which is connected wires, is always maintained at level；It load line of the invention and connects wires and can carry out Quick fastening when meeting with disconnection fault at the scene
Anxious to repair, the deflation sliding of load core will not occur because of broken string in load core in the conducting wire, and part of breaking still remains its heat and turns
The reduced advantageous characteristic of point；Conducting wire of the present invention is different from plain conductor, and wire construction, which is torn damage open and can be detected in wire external layer, to be seen,
Avoid security risk.
Correspondingly, a kind of manufacture manufacturing technique method of above-mentioned conducting wire is additionally provided, comprising the following steps:
It gives one or more load core wire/stick to a continuous covering, is suitable for continuously coating aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper
Alloy, load core wire/stick can be steel or fibre reinforced composites；Including but not limited to carbon fibre reinforced composite；
Continuously extruded copper, aluminium and its alloy-layer or continuously extruded copper out of continuous covering, the profile of aluminium and its alloy,
Cross extruding/drawing-die tool, the conductive (aluminium, copper and its alloy) by it is enough it is cooling protect load core material, it is close apply around
A complete leader cable is formed on the surface of fiber reinforcement load core；
When necessary, the aluminium around single-layer or multi-layer, copper and its alloy wire can be applied, conductor layer apply on load core after come into
One step increases the area of conductor and the capacity and conductivity of conducting wire；
Finally the wire and cable of completion is wound on drum, the conductor layer in conducting wire is substantially not subject to tensile stress, or
It is subject to compression, and load core is subject to (residue) tensile stress, and conducting wire is made to reach a low hot inflection point.
Wherein, cladding process includes the softening of metal, or even fusing and extruding/pulling shaping are aluminium or copper pipe or copper profile shape
At the conductive layer of at least 0.5mm thickness, wire elongation step be related to causing cladding aluminium or the experience tension set of the copper material bed of material and
And this deforms more than the corresponding plastic deformation starting point of aluminium or copper material；Aluminium conductive layer has at least 94% fill factor, preferably
Fill factor higher than 98%；Copper material conductive layer should have at least 70% filling rate, preferably more than 90% filling rate, but in superelevation
Conducting wire of the present invention in pressure and extra high voltage line is different, because they may do expanding place in conductive layer reference hole
Reason.
Wherein, load core is made of same with thermosetting compound material, superficial layer can in the short time bear covering material can
It can be up to 500 DEG C of temperature, plexiglas conversion temperature is higher than 100 DEG C, preferably at 150 DEG C or more.Load core can also be by
Thermoplastic composite composition, superficial layer can be to bear the temperature that covering material may be up to 500 DEG C, tree in the short time
Aliphatic radical fusing point is higher than 75 DEG C, preferably at 150 DEG C or more；Load core can also be made of (including ceramics ceramic reinforced composite
Fiber or ceramic base resin), superficial layer can be to bear the high temperature that covering material may be up to 500 DEG C, matrix in the short time
Material melting point should be not less than 150 DEG C, for example be not less than 200 DEG C, or even be not less than 500 DEG C.
Wherein, when necessary the surfacing of load core have enough electrical insulating properties come effectively avoid coating conductor with hold
It is likely to occur between power core and is electrically coupled chemical attack, if the terminal of conducting wire is sealed well in fitting, for example use waterproof
Silica gel or other similar sealing materials, to ensure that composite material load-carrying core is not immersed by moisture content or other conducting mediums, carbon fiber
Dimension can not need insulating layer with coated with conductive interlayer, and the carbon fiber load core conducting wire of this naked interlayer can be widely applied to
It the load line of high-speed rail or other rail electric vehicle systems and connects wires, such conducting wire is also applied for the naked of all electric lines
Insulated conductor needed for line and electric line, load core can by pultrusion technique, such as with multi beam carbon or glass fibre or
Carbon and glass pass through pultrusion technique together and are made, and the pultrusion technique can directly be reduced with coating machine connection the production cycle and
Production cost.
Compared with prior art, the present invention solves the above-mentioned defect of background technique, and providing a kind of reduces hot inflection point
High energy efficiency conducting wire.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention be relatively described in detail with following diagram according to one or more various specific embodiments,
The figure of offer just to illustrate, only describe invention selected embodiment rather than all possible form, these figures facilitate
The understanding of the present invention, being not used to limit the scope of the present invention (should not be considered to limit range of the invention, advise
Mould and applicability).It should be noted that these figures are illustration clearly and are readily appreciated that without being necessarily drawn to scale.
The some figures for including in the present invention illustrate that the various embodiments of invention embody from different perspectives.Although companion
With description text perhaps refer to such view picture " above ", " bottom ", " side ", such refer to only describe,
It does not imply that or requires invention to be implemented for a certain particular space orientation unless explicitly stated.
Fig. 1: the typical heat inflection point of different types of aluminum conductor type.It is worth noting that temperature is lower than each leads
Arc sag increases rapidly when the hot inflection point of type, because aluminium conductive material dominates the thermal expansion of conducting wire when temperature is lower than hot inflection point.In heat
More than inflection point, the thermal expansion of conducting wire is controlled by load core.
Fig. 2: reducing or inhibits hot inflection point, and the conducting wire sag of ACCC, ACSS, ACSR and Invar type is caused to improve, and pre-
Hot inflection point can be significantly less than environment temperature after stress processing.The conducting wire such as ACCC made of carbon fiber composite material core is in wide temperature
Can provide most potential hot arc sag in degree range improves.
Fig. 3: the load core that normal tensile stress is kept except pre- tensile stress processing stage of pre- tensile stress processing coats.
Fig. 4: wire external layer is twisted (round, TW, C, S, Z or other configurations are acceptable), and what is coated at the same time holds
Power core bears very high tensile stress during plying operation and effectively inhibits conducting wire hot inflection point.It is worth noting that being received in conducting wire
It reduces tensile stress to normal level before drum to be necessary, so that wire of the conducting wire on reel is minimizing twisting.
Fig. 5: the pre- tensile stress processing of conducting wire at the scene before first sheave in installation process.First tensioner (is located at
The left side) and second tensioner (being located at the right) between keep high tensile stress.This method is suitable for all conventional wires types,
Such as the ACCC of CTC company, the Lo-SAG of Nexans company, the C7 of Southwire company, ACSR, ACSS, Invar etc..
Fig. 6-Figure 19: for some examples of the conductive wire cross-section with cladding load core.
Fig. 6: the conducting wire of single load core and single clad；
The conducting wire of Fig. 7: more load cores and single clad, clad can be squeezed by similar or different covering material
Pressure/drawing surface topography composition, the vortex disintegrated in wind shake fall off, and eliminate the load of wind shake fatigue damage in abnormal conducting wire
Sorrow；
Fig. 8: the conducting wire with hollow core (can be other hollow shapes) and clad；
Fig. 9 and Figure 10: special-shaped load core conducting wire enhances load core and coats the bonding and connection of interlayer, same to lock
Functional application is determined in conductive interlayer；
Figure 11: conducting wire facilitates load core with the lock function such as aperture section of load core and coats the connection of interlayer；
Figure 12: the conducting wire of special shape such as connecting wires in bullet train, load core can be oval or other shapes such as circle
Shape；
Figure 13-: the conducting wire with multiple concentric layer conductive materials (same or different type)；
Figure 14: the conducting wire with hollow load core, optical fiber or cable can be inserted into hollow load core；
Figure 15 and Figure 16: outer layer has the conducting wire of C or TW twisted wire construction, and as round, S and Z are also applicable in other twisted wires construction；
Figure 17: the conducting wire with hollow twisted wire, which alleviates the weight of conducting wire, expand diameter of wire, which also fits
For internal layer；
Figure 18: the multi-ply construction conducting wire that outer layer is twisted with TW shape；
Figure 19: optical fiber insertion wire, optical fiber can be inside load core or conductive layer.Alternatively, optical fiber can be at layer
Boundary face includes the interface of load core.These optical fiber can be used as distributing optical fiber sensing measurement temperature, and stress, arc sag length is accurate
Information, mechanical load and electric current.
Figure 20-Figure 24: for several examples of coated wire.
Figure 20: round conducting wire of the load core in middle；
Figure 21: non-round conducting wire, significant portion electric conductor does not bear very huge pressing stress when drum；
Figure 22: non-round conducting wire is formed clad conductor when load core is moved down intentionally to reduce conducting wire drum
Compression；
Figure 23: maximum possible retains conducting wire bullet simultaneously to reduce clad compression for non-round load core and non-round conducting wire
Straightforward energy；
Figure 24: the round non-round load core of conducting wire moves down, to reach minimum bend compression and ensure the straight ability of maximum bullet.
In Fig. 1-2:
Sag (m)-arc sag (rice)
Temperature (DEG C)-temperature (degree Celsius)
The hot inflection point of Knee points-
Ambient- environment temperature
ACSR- steel-cored aluminium strand
ACSS- steel reinforced soft aluminum strand
Invar- indium steel-cored aluminium strand
Gap- gap-type conductor
ACCR- Al-base ceramic fiber composite core aluminum stranded wire
The compound aluminum stranded conductor of ACCC- carbon fiber
In Fig. 3-5:
Pultrusion machine- extruder
Steel wire stranding- steel wire twisted wire
Composite core stranding- composite core twisted wire
The normal laying tension backward of Normal back tension-
The 1st tensioner of 1st tensioner-
The pre- tensile stress processing of Pre-tensioning-
Conforming machine (s)-coating machine
The 2nd tensioner of 2nd tensioner-
The Normal running normal unwrapping wire tensile stress of tension to conductor reel- is to conducting wire reel
Stranding machine- stranding machine
The Normal running tension normal unwrapping wire tensile stress of to conductor take-up reel- is to conducting wire
Take-up reel
Conductor reel- conducting wire reel
The 1st tension tower middle pulley of Sheave wheal in 1st stringing tower-
Figure in invention is not used as to the detailed of the precise forms of disclosure of the invention or limitation.It should be realized that the present invention can
It modifies and adjusts in practice, the present invention is only limited by the right and counterpart that it is required.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.It should be appreciated that described herein
Specific embodiment be only used to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that " connection " described herein and the word for expressing " connection ", as " being connected ",
" connected " etc. had both included that a certain component is directly connected to another component, and had also included that a certain component passes through other component and another portion
Part is connected.
One aspect of the present invention is to carry out tension processing to conducting wire not between pylon, and greatly reduce the heat of conducting wire
Inflection point.
More specifically, the present invention is implemented by aluminium is used, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy include microalloy as conducting medium
The autofrettage of load core and prestressing force in electric lead retain, rather than pylon is relied on to adjust conducting wire prestressing force.In addition, conducting wire
At least one layer of above-mentioned conductive material referred to of load core cladding.
Load core wire/stick in conducting wire can be sub-thread or the steel of multiply, and indium steel is high-strength, extra-high strong or super special high-strength steel, high
Wen Gang, non-metallic fibers enhance metal-base composites, fibre reinforced thermoplasticity or same with thermosetting compound material, or fine with other
The composite material such as quartz fibre of dimension enhancing, alkali-resistant glass fibre, alkali-free glass fibre, S- glass fibre, H- glass fibre,
Silicon carbide fibre, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fibre, basalt fibre, the silicon dioxide fibre of special formulation and these fibers
Mixing etc..Load core wire/stick in conducting wire can be the mixture of the above-mentioned different cultivars referred to.In composite material load-carrying core
Reinforcing material can be discrete staple fiber, or with conducting wire axial direction parallel array or unordered continuous fiber.
It includes using soft aluminium (such as 1350-O) of annealing that the present invention, which further embodies, and aluminium (such as 1350-H19), aluminium alloy is (such as
Al-Zr alloy, 6201-T81 ,-T82 ,-T83 etc.), copper, copper alloy (such as cupromanganese, copper-tin alloy, copper microalloy etc.) packet
Load core wire/the stick covered, single layer of conductive medium pass through a series of coating machines by a coating machine or the conducting wire of multi-ply construction
To complete.Cladding process have to not necessarily be completed with coating machine, including further stretched to load core and can be used other equipment
To reach similar form (i.e. required geometry or stress state).Coating machine or similar technique and equipment allow to coat
Conductive material quenching.Coating machine can stranding machine matched with load core or for make carbon fibre reinforced composite core (such as
ACCC load core from CTC Global and the Lo Sag load core from Nexans) extruder combine.Additional
Conductive layer may be selected consideration and wire be stranded in through around the processed load core for having clad of pre- tensile stress with stranding machine,
Outer layer preferably considers that with Z, C or S-shaped wire are twisted.For example, load core is made of multiply high tensile steel wire, most interior cladding
Conductive layer is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and outside conducting wire is copper product clad.For another example the load core of conducting wire is multiply steel
Silk, clad are aluminium conductive layer, and outer layer is Z-type aluminum profile silk twisted wire.For another example, conducting wire load core is multi-strand carbon fiber or ceramics
The composite core of fibre enhancing, coated with conductive layer is aluminium, and outer layer is S type aluminum profile silk twisted wire.
The conductive material of cladding can reach 500 °C or temperatures above during cladding, conductive material (such as aluminium, aluminium alloy,
Copper or copper alloy etc.) quenching effectively limit conducting wire load core (such as high-temperature steel, organic polymer based composites) in height
The exposure duration of temperature retains the integrality and characteristic of load core.The conductive material of load core surrounding is in environment temperature or is lower than ring
Bonding and compression at a temperature of border are important to tensile residual stresses in load core are retained, and otherwise, higher thermal expansion coefficient is led
Load core to relatively low thermel expansion coefficient is exercised compression by electric material, to reduce the effect of the pre- tensile stress processing of load core material
Fruit.
Load core is stretched sufficiently, and along aluminium is coated around it, the conductive layer of copper or each alloy is simultaneously formed close
In conjunction with conductive mixture stick be wound on conducting wire reel.It is easy on drum for guarantee conducting wire, and is easy bullet when unwrapping wire
Directly, wire shape can be non-round (such as ellipse) and the short axle of conducting wire is bent on drum to reach smaller curved
Qu Banjing, and bullet when allowing load core to have a long axis simultaneously and realizing wire construction is straight.Conducting wire integrally can be it is round, and it
Load core is non-circular, or multiply load core is allowed to arrange by non-circular, and load core silicon long axis should be used as bending when drum
Direction can be easy bullet directly and the compression without excessively increasing clad so as to conducting wire.To further increase conducting wire drum ability,
Conductive coating is segmented into several (such as 2,3,4 etc.) and every is affixed directly on load core and can bear enough pressures
Stress.When conducting wire disk was around one week, every conductive cladding item can be enclosed around row conductor load core one or more.The conduction mixture
Stick can be used as conducting wire and directly apply to DC application or the insignificant AC applications of skin effect (i.e. conductive layer thickness be less than exchange
Skin effect depth required by line frequency), load core is in enough tensile residual stresses, and aluminium conductive layer is almost not subject to open
Stress is in compressive stress state.The present invention can also be used to make cable plus outer insulation (such as aerial insulated wire).
Several examples of coated wire are as shown in Figure 20-Figure 24.
Note that conductor material in conducting wire because reduce hot inflection point oneself through bearing certain compression, conducting wire lower part is curved
Around when to bear additional compression.It is same to optimize reduction bending compression that some adjustment can also be done on the basis of above example
When retain and maximum play straightforward energy.It is also conceivable to clad electric conductor add intentionally certain depth groove (such as squeeze
Pressure, Vehicle Processing or compacting) and groove coil in conducting wire cladding layer so that conducting wire and the smallest pulley or drum are mating.
AC applications significant for skin effect, multilayer conductive material can be coated on one heart around load core, every layer of tool
The minimum and skin effect for having certain thickness to realize the AC resistance under minimum conductive material dosage maximize.For multilayer
The big outer diameter type conducting wire of conductive material, it is contemplated that twisted outer layer conductor, because it helps to be led in the reel of reasonable size
Line winds and facilitates lead.If necessary to more aluminium or copper conductive material, outermost layer can be TW, C, Z, S, or circle
Shape line, because it not will lead to permanent lantern problem on deformation, (internal layer of conductor material does not deform, and also there is no prevent conductor
Relative constriction and movement of the outer layer when tension discharges or reduces).Correspondingly, smooth superficies and the construction of densification can have
Effect reduces wind load and accumulated ice, it is made to have low arc sag under the conditions of frost or strong wind weather.To copper conductor in alternating current circuit
Application, additional copper conductive layer or per share copper wire can carry out dielectric processing so that skin effect and AC resistance minimize.It leads
Electric layer can also be used copper-clad to wrap up in aluminium, because the conductive layer copper surface after package can be such that the conductivity of alternating current circuit maximizes, and lead
Electric layer weighs not as copper is as conducting medium and valuableness.For example, at least 0.5 millimeter of every layer of clad, such as at least 2 millimeters,
Even at least 4 millimeters.Coated with conductive layer cross section product is at least the 50% of load core total sectional area, such as at least 100%, even
At least the 200% of load core total sectional area.
This patent can also carry out additional prestressing force adjusting in above-mentioned conducting wire, this can pass through a pair of described below
The method of power machine is completed before clips working procedure is completed by the pre-cut length of the cladding load core calculated, all complete
Big pre- tensile stress processing is not implemented in the tower arm of pylon as conventional wires at process.For example, the above-mentioned conducting wire referred to is in frame
Autofrettage is carried out using a few set straining pulleys before first sheave in line operating process, pylon is not implemented additional
Load.This can simply be completed by two sets of tensioners, and first set tensioner keeps normal putting backward to conducting wire reel
Line tension, and second set of tensioner restores normal stringing tension to avoid pylon mistake old in pylon especially improvement project
The load of degree.Conducting wire is subjected to the pre- tensile stress of setting between the 1st and the 2nd tensioner, is usually that the daily mean tension of conducting wire is negative
2 times or so of lotus, to ensure that pre- tensile stress drives the hot inflection point of conducting wire lower than the common current-carrying running temperature of conducting wire, so as to aluminum steel
Best self-damping is not reached by tensile stress, conducting wire sag does not change largely with temperature.It should be noted that in tensioner
The straining pulley of big outer diameter and the sheave of big outer diameter will be helpful to control outer layer aluminum steel relaxation.Conducting wire factory can use and retouch here
Major diameter conducting wire pre-stretching of the method stated during twisting process, this has perhaps attempted (undisclosed) in Chinese patent, this
It is possible perhaps to accomplish, but it is not recommended that for the conducting wire that multilayer is twisted, because the such conducting wire wound on reel can be to it
Aluminum steel causes significantly to deform and damage, especially the internal layer aluminum steel of conducting wire, and serious lantern phenomenon and conducting wire building site is caused to be applied
Work problem (while must be prevented using load core terminal fixer inside load core retraction conducting wire).The work described here
Skill is equally applicable to traditional ACSS, ACSR, ACCC, ACCR, Lo-Sag, C7, the types such as Invar conducting wire, such conducting wire
It is made between current-carrying part and core wire/stick of different materials, they can be used to effectively influence its hot inflection point and do not have pylon
Implement high prestressing force.
The above-mentioned conducting wire referred to can also carry out normal stringing at the scene, especially such as come to the conducting wire of single load core
The ACCC of CTC Global or Low-Sag from Nexans.Between two tension towers, one end of conducting wire has had connected one
A tension tower, the other end can be sandwiched in load core with wedge, and (for example collet and collet casing assembly are manufactured for CTC Global
ACCC core), wire pull collet is released, stretching is made to only act on load core to stretch load core length.When load core is extracted
When, the material such as aluminium as conductive layer, copper or their alloy-layer slide backward, and load core is cut off precalculated length
Degree, be equivalent to load core by it is preset reach the hot inflection point of needs needed for tensile stress elongation, then second
A tension tower completes sealing end.The load core in cladding core or conventional wires (being different from of the invention) in conducting wire of the present invention is cut
The variation for the length removed depends on desired hot inflection point inhibition level.This method especially between two tension towers almost without suspension
The route of tower is highly effective.In order to facilitate the sliding of load core, (can be stretched in the load core after conducting wire load core or cladding
And wipe out) and between load core (or cladding after load core) and slidable conductive layer slightly more lubricant or
There are small gaps intentionally therebetween.
Although conducting wire described in the present invention is mainly used for high temperature application, these conducting wires also can be used for the power transmission and distribution of new line
Project, the hot inflection point reduced reduce arc sag, improve power transmission capacity of pow.Pre-stretching processing eliminate conductive material (aluminium,
Copper or their alloy) in tensile stress, lead to the superior self-damping effect of conducting wire and higher erection tension, this subtracts simultaneously
The height and quantity of few conductor galloping tendency and pylon, reduce engineering construction cost.Shorter pylon is to grid company and its clothes
Community be engaged in from environmentally more attractive.The clad of load core, which also plays, to be similar to and the matching used AFL of composite core
The additional aluminum casing that fitting requires matches conducting wire of the present invention with all traditional pressing fittings and matches without any additional
Part, tool or professional training requirement.Sometimes, the crimping steel pipe in common fitting may be lengthened slightly to be suitble to high intensity
Silicon composite material coats core, illustrates, and crimping length of steel pipe is at least increased by 1%, for example at least increase by 2%, even at least increased
5%。
The present invention can be used for optical cable ground wire, and optical fiber can be placed on hollow load core or steel made of fibre reinforced composites
Guan Zhong, conductive material are coated on around the hollow load core of pretension processing.Another embodiment of the invention is distribution wire, in advance
The hollow composite material core aluminium of tension processing, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy clad, the hollow of the conducting wire load core is as optical fiber
Conduit.Another embodiment of the invention be the major diameter conducting wire made of hollow load core, hollow load core aluminium or
Aluminium alloy cladding is simultaneously minimized through pretension processing for super-pressure or extra-high voltage application, corona effect, and load core is loaded
Optical fiber is only hollow.
The present invention further enables composite conductor safe construction and durable, and the external sheath of load core is significantly
The effective diameter for improving load core reduces the possibility of load core extreme wedge angle, avoids to the load core mistake in clad
The generation of more axial compression stress.The big pre- tensile stress that load core retains, is especially held with fibre-reinforced unidirectional composite material
Power core is uniquely effectively offset the load core axial compression stress by conductive line bends or wedge angle generation, minimizes or even be eliminated
Fiber buckling damage in such composite material core lead.The load core conducting wire of cladding can be directly solid with traditional collet
Fixed and conventional low cost tool construction.Load core cladding sealing surfaces greatly improve the corrosion resistant performance of conducting wire, because of pollution
Substance cannot enter conducting wire easily, and the composite core in conducting wire is shielded effectively, and prevent the entrance of oxygen or aqueous vapor and ultraviolet
The destroying infection (it is different to twist conducting wire construction from existing composite core aluminium) of line or ozone.Different from applying in some business conducting wires
Wrapping layer in (aluminium Baogang or aluminium packet indium steel) on steel core can largely increase the whole thermal expansion coefficient of cladding load core
And deteriorate arc sag performance.This patent wrapping layer has enough thickness, provides service life protection, including galvanic corrosion to the load core of cladding
Protection.Thin packaging method used by business conducting wire, when thin aluminium wrapping layer due in conducting wire vibration and friction (thin aluminium
Between packet inner layer and aluminum steel) it is destroyed, aluminium and being electrically coupled for steel under (such as water or conductive contaminants) is assisted can be impregnated in electrolyte add
Corrosion inside speed conducting wire, shortens the service life of conducting wire.One of example is, if the load core of conducting wire breaks end in tension
It is effectively sealed in folder or binding clip, water or conducting electrolyte will may not be immersed in composite material load-carrying core, carbon fiber and packet
Covering silicon electrochemical corrosion reaction between conductor will be unable to carry out (electrolyte exists for necessary condition interface), so then bearing steel wires
Power core or carbon fibre composite load core do not need electrochemical corrosion protective layer.Carbon fibre composite load core will not need
One glass fibre or insulating resin layer.Another possibility is based on glass fiber (including Wu Yan) or whole enhances
Composite material load-carrying core be used for the long wire and cable application of life requirements (because of the stress corruption without water to glass
Erosion is possible).Cladding of the invention or package conductive material is not subject to tensile stress or in compressive stress state, does not influence to wrap
The whole effective thermal expansion coefficients for covering load core maintain the conducting wire sheet that load core is possessed due to its lower thermal expansion coefficient
The superior sag characteristic of body.
According to above-mentioned description, application range of the present invention can be clearly further appreciated that., it should be appreciated that the present invention can be from
The combination of any single aspect or one or more different aspect is implemented.It should be further known to, diagram and embodiment are only
For illustration, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiment detailed description of the invention below and adjoint picture and related description make noted earlier and this hair
Other bright objects are further apparent.However, it is contemplated that be generally to be familiar with people's energy of power transmission cable or conducting wire
The explanation and description of enough structures according to the present invention and construction are applied by modifying certain details.Therefore, these pictures and
Illustrate to should not be used as the limitation to the invention scope, but is understood as broad sense teaching.
The present invention is that a kind of hot inflection point substantially inhibits or reduced wire and cable.The embodiment of the present invention is to aluminium, aluminium alloy,
The pre- tensile stress of load core unique application in copper or copper alloy wire handles and it is made to remain prestressing force, without relying on conducting wire
Autofrettage between electrical power distribution route in pylon.The conductivity of aluminium conductive layer answers minimum not less than 50%ICAS, such as
At least 55%ICAS, or even it is not less than 62%ICAS.The conductivity of copper conductive material answers minimum 65%ICAS, such as at least 75%
ICAS, or even it is not less than 95%ICAS.The load core of unique combination of the present invention coated with conductive material or medium is pre-stretched aspect,
The conducting medium for coating enough compression strength and thickness substantially remains pre- tensile stress in load core, after conducting wire in-site installation
Make conducting medium hardly by tensile stress or in compression, the cladding load core of generation remains whole low thermal expansion characteristics.
The preferred embodiment of the invention forms conducting wire, such as load core and conductive Jie by two kinds or more different materials
Matter.The conducting wire that the present invention makes has inherent low hot inflection point.Unlike Gap conducting wire requires complicated installation tool and technique,
Conducting wire, fixture, installation and maintenance are very expensive.Conducting wire of the invention is since the drift of hot inflection point makes it easier to install and repairs
It is multiple, and low arc drop is kept, high transmission line capability and high energy efficiency.
The present embodiment is suitable for existing a variety of wire types, such as steel wire aluminum stranded conductor (ACSR)；Composite material core lead
Such as ACCR(3M company), ACCC(CTC Global company), C7(South Wire company) and, Lo Sag(Nexans company), more
Stock core wire (Tokyo Rope company)；The soft aluminum stranded conductor of steel wire (ACSS) and indium steel (invar) conducting wire, as shown in Figure 2.It is preferred real
Apply holding for the autofrettage that example includes coated with conductive medium in conducting wire (noticing that non-conductive medium is perhaps compatible but and non-preferred)
Power core, the conducting wire are easy to repair, and installation is succinct, compatible with existing inexpensive fitting, be very suitable for dealing with freeze wind load and
It solves aeolian vibration and waves effect, maximum transmission line capability and efficiency are provided at the same time.It is led with what load core directly contacted
Electric layer wishes to have enough compressive resistances and thickness that keep the tensile residual stresses in load core, the layer is available to be different from conduction
Other conductive materials in layer, for example, internal layer copper, copper alloy (including copper microalloy), the remaining part aluminium of conductive layer or
Aluminium alloy；Alternatively, the contact layer aluminium alloy with load core, annealed aluminium or annealed Al-alloy, and conductive layer rest part aluminium,
Copper or other similar combination.
The hot inflection point of conducting wire and the conductive material such as aluminium after installation, aluminium alloy, copper or copper alloy tensile stress level are related.It leads
The hot inflection temperature of line is defined as in the above conducting medium of this temperature not by tensile stress or in compression.The hot inflection point of conducting wire depends on
Conducting wire construction (composition material and respective percentage, stringing condition such as temperature, tensile stress and load experience).For example, to lower class
Like 25MM diameter conducting wire in 300 meters of installation span and 210 DEG C of stringing temperature (except a stringing temperature is 50 DEG C
Under the conditions of outside), their own hot inflection point is listed in table 1 after installation:
Table 1: typical wire pre- tensile stress at a temperature of 300 meters of spans and 21 DEG C of installation handles the influence to hot inflection point
| ACCC | ACSR | ACSS | STACIR | ACCR | |
| Diameter of wire | 25.15 | 25.15 | 25.38 | 25.3 | 25.55 |
| Specified tensile strength RTS (KN) | 135 | 112 | 100 | 98 | 114 |
| Weight (Kg/km) | 1245 | 1301 | 1300 | 1282 | 1101 |
| D.C. resistance (20C in Ohm/km) | 0.06717 | 0.08768 | 0.08525 | 0.08690 | 0.08283 |
| Current capacity (max temp inoC) | 1624 (200) | 1003 (100) | 1589 (210) | 1509 (210) | 1509 (210) |
| Hot inflection point,oC (Stringing Tension @ 20% RTS) | 75 | 116 | 103 | 110 | 78 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (Stringing Tension @ 15% RTS) | 73 | 106 | 101 | 97 | 72 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (Stringing Tension @ 19.8 KN, and % RTS) | 72 (14.7% RTS) | 112 (17.6 %RTS) | 103 (20 % RTS) | 110 (20.3% RTS) | 75 (17.5% RTS) |
| Hot inflection point,oC (Stringing Tension @ 20% RTS; @ 5 o C) | 63 | 101 | 92 | 94 | 66 |
| Pretension processing (ice for being equivalent to 10MM thickness carries) in KN | 29.8 | 28.6 | 24.7 | 25.5 | 30.3 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (after equivalent of 10 mm ice load) | 30 | 89 | 52 | 90 | 54 |
| Pretension processing (ice for being equivalent to 15MM thickness carries) in KN | 35 | 35.1 | 30.2 | 31.9 | 37.4 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (after equivalent of 15 mm ice load) | 9.78 | 80 | 22 | 87 | 45 |
| Pretension processing (ice for being equivalent to 20MM thickness carries) in KN | 40.5 | 42.3 | 36.1 | 39.1 | 45.2 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (after equivalent of 20 mm ice load) | -16 | 67 | -14 | 82 | 36 |
| Pretension processing (ice for being equivalent to 25MM thickness carries) in KN | 45.8 | 49.9 | 42.3 | 46.8 | 53.4 |
| Hot inflection point,oC (after equivalent of 25 mm ice load) | -50 | 53 | -54 | 75 | 24 |
Present invention recognizes that being easier to using the conducting wire such as ACCC and ACSS of annealed aluminium by pre- tensile stress (or after ice carries)
Reason is to significantly reduce its hot inflection point.For example, carbon fibre composite load core conducting wire, which is reduced its hot inflection point to subzero 50 degree, is
It is possible so that conducting wire in its whole operation range of temperature arc sag to temperature-insensitive.Without the processing of pre- tensile stress
Its hot inflection point is sensitive to the variation of temperature and tension to carbon fiber load core conducting wire during the installation process, and is easy to cause arc sag
Error and variation.(load core is set to be in tensile stress, conductive aluminum is not by tensile stress by the simple pre- tensile stress processing to the conducting wire
Or it is in compression) to completely eliminate the problem be possible.Such conducting wire can be used for arc sag it is sensitive to environmental change and
Unacceptable application, such as high-speed railway application.ACSS conducting wire can also handle through pre- tensile stress and obtain superior hot sag characteristic
(comparable to GAP conducting wire), but its steel wire load core is than carbon fiber composite material core thermal stretching or big.
The hot inflection point of conducting wire is also influenced by installation temperature, as shown in table 1 when installation temperature is down to 5 °C from 21 °C.To improve arc
Vertical characteristic, field engineer generallys use reduction installation temperature or improves tensile stress in the installation of steel wire aluminum stranded conductor ACSR conducting wire
(temperature change) adjusts arc sag relevant to creep.Pre- tensile stress is than tensile stress pre- under high-temperature to heat under conducting wire lower temperature
Inflection point has bigger inhibiting effect.
To traditional multilayer stranded conductor, conductor wire will lead to the processing of entire conducting wire pre- tensile stress in the environment of plant
Permanent elongation and deformation.Such as the typical process process of wire stranding, when pre- tensile stress Wire-wound is on reel, pushed up on reel
Pressure between layer conductor and bottom conducting wire will lead to the permanent of aluminum steel especially internal layer aluminum steel in the processed conducting wire of pretension
Torsional deformation, this will lead to the correct repositioning for preventing all electrical aluminium wires in tensile load or temperature change, causes to lead
The unacceptable lantern phenomenon of line.Conventional wires need terminal fixture in the pre- tensile stress processing of factory to avoid at pre- tensile stress
The load core core pulling (if without fixture, load core is retracted inside aluminum-wire layer) managed, so that the conducting wire in factory and construction site
Processing becomes very troublesome.
To avoid GAP conducting wire from reducing the in-site installation of hot inflection point bring complex and expensive, and solve pre- with conducting wire factory
The lantern problem that tensile stress processing usually causes, the present invention with conductive material cladding load core by being established and being maintained in conducting wire
The permanent tensile strain of load core and tensile stress.Wrapped in wire layer should have enough thickness and compressive resistance to make a large amount of remaining to answer
Power is maintained in conducting wire load core to obtain the low-heat inflection point and low-heat sag characteristic after conducting wire installation.
Had much using cladding load core in conducting wire application, but most without carrying out pre- tensile stress processing, they are not
With best hot sag characteristic, the load core of cladding usually have even worse hot arc sag because its show it is more higher than load core itself
Thermal expansion.Conducting wire manufacturer be applied to load core on aluminium wrapping layer or coating it is usually very thin.They and the present invention have essence
On difference: 1) they be used as different purposes, not as autofrettage and by with pre- tensile stress handle load core come
Reduce the hot inflection point of conducting wire；2) wrapping layer or coating is too thin is not applied for the present invention, because after the pre- tensile stress processing of load core
High tensile stress requirement is kept to have the clad of adequate thickness.
In short, coating in the prior art or the aluminium wrapping layer overwhelming majority are used to protect steel load core, and wrapping layer or
The area of coating compared with steel core area itself with relatively small cross-sectional area because their purposes be for prevent steel core by
The corrosion arrived.It (or is not stretched, or draw together because load core and conductive wrapping layer or coating are subjected to same stress condition
Stretch), mixed load core (with wrapping layer or coating) can have thermal expansion coefficient more higher than load core material itself, generate
Bigger high warm arc sag.
In order to avoid the increase of load core thermal expansion, the covering material of load core is in the pre- tensile stress treatment process of load core
It should not be by tensile stress or preferably at compression especially after the autofrettage of load core.The cladding of the load core of Tensile
It can be completed by the combination of coating machine and stretching device.Load core and the metallurgical bonding of conductive cladding metal are comparatively ideal
But it is not required.If desired, binder (such as Chemlok 250) can be applied further to promote in the surface of conducting wire load core
Stick into load core and cladding metal interlevel.Furthermore, it is possible to promote wrapping layer and load using the surface characteristics of load core
Core it is all linked with one another (for example, twisted load core for example the multiply composite core in C7 or the multiply steel core in conventional wires；
The pultrusion composite materials core of protrusion or valley surface feature；And the intentional roughening of load wicking surface, for example it is directed to CTC
The ACCC core of Global company, with the similar fiber such as one or more strands of insulating glass fibers or basalt fibre and other types
Insulating materials be wrapped on load core).Conductive coating first choice aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper and copper alloy, but also can be other metals
Such as lead, tin, indium tin oxide, silver, gold or the nonmetallic materials with conducting particles.Such foundation is as shown in Figure 3.Conduction packet
Even melting will be softened under rubbed power effect in coating machine by covering metal.If load core is by the organic high score of fibre reinforced
Subbase composite material manufacture, the glass transition temperature (thermosetting material Tg) or fusing point (thermoplastic material) of material be sufficiently high with
Avoid they and cladding metal that degradation and decomposition occurs when contacting.The Tg of material should at least 100 DEG C, and best 150 DEG C or more.This can
By being easily reached using the curing agent cured epoxy resin of anhydride.The cladding metal layer of heat is in 60 seconds preferably at 20 seconds
It is inside cooled to room temperature or following temperature.Load core can be full glass fibre or be full basalt fibre enhancing composite material or
The mixing of the two, including but not limited to A glass, E glass, H glass, S glass, R glass and AR glass.
It is worth noting that clad is opened in advance in load core and is answered not deliberately by tensile stress when load core is pre-stretched in the present invention
Clad bears compression after power release, minimizes so that load core is shunk.The load core intensity of composite material production reaches
80ksi or more, modulus 5-40msi, CTE about -1x10-6 to 8x10-6/°C.Most of composite core elasticity modulus, than
It is more much smaller than typical steel wire modulus (about 28msi) if the modulus of ACCC core is 15-22msi.Applying coating layer and to composite wood
It is ideal that material load core, which does pretension processing, requirement that tensile load it is relatively small, clad can be easier to and more
The contraction of load core is effectively set to reduce to minimum level.In addition, unlike the current technology in reference previously discussed, this hair
Load core low thermal coefficient of expansion characteristic after the load core wrapping layer of bright middle implementation uniquely allows to coat retains, so that generate
The hot arc sag of conducting wire is minimum.After load core venerates appropriate cladding, including the silica type material of load core both ends waterproof is sealed
Good, composite material load-carrying core can be with full carbon fibre composite without insulating layer.It is comprehensive that this can increase substantially conducting wire
(lighter, lower most 1 X, the 10-6/C of thermal expansion coefficient, higher intensity, bigger elasticity modulus can further increase performance
Degree of collapsing between big pylon, uses pylon, bigger increase-volume and better energy-saving and emission-reduction less).
The step of coating wrapping layer can combine with extruder or composite core stranding machine, or be incorporated into polynary
Load core wire/stock/stick wire stylet manufacturing equipment, further reduces the cost.Do not have to first set tensioner optionally yet, if
Pultrude process equipment or load core wire stranding machine are capable of handling the speed being pre-stretched in overmolded and tension or bracing wire pultrusion
End is stretched in technique enough drawing forces, and load core is placed in the hollow pipe of covering material, load core and covering material pipe
Together by single or a series of pultrusion moulds, it is extruded and stretches and reach final size and construction.Process is entirely being coated,
Load core wire/stick itself retains always a tension state, and conducting wire is winding to the pretension of cladding load core before conducting wire reel
Tension level is reduced by the 2nd tensioner.If can bear biggish tension when Wire-wound, conducting wire can also not have to the
Two tensioners.If different speed can be controlled accurately in the different step of production process to reach tension purpose, tensioner
It can need not use.Other tensioning apparatus or method can be used to replace a pair of of tensioner in Fig. 3.Do not have to such as coat similar set
It is standby, it is contemplated that conductive extruded sleeve in load core periphery, or the profile gone out with pultrusion is squeezed, to be then wrapped in load
Core periphery, and welded and further pultrusion.Then aluminum steel can also pass through the radial handle that pressurizes by twisted on load core
Aluminium layer is attached on load core.In addition, the tension force stretching of load core can be realized and controlling hauling speed difference in draw stage,
The speed kept constant simultaneously in beginning and winding portion.
Pre- tensile stress level in conducting wire depends on wire size, construction, the hot inflection point temperature of the target of application environment and requirement
Degree.If target is that the hot inflection point of conducting wire is allowed to reach or approach stringing temperature (such as environment temperature), the tensile stress that load core requires is only
As long as only about same stringing arc sag tension (10-20% of usual specified conducting wire intensity), adds the stringing arc sag of 5-50% to answer
Power, preferably additional 10-30% are kept not by tensile stress after aluminum steel stringing, and pre-stretching processing usually requires that between pylon with conducting wire
40% wire pull strength tension compared to significantly reducing.If it is desired to which lower hot inflection point, then need higher pre- to answer
Power.It is worth noting that the carbon fiber that composite core uses has high-strength light and low-heat arc sag.The fiber reinforcement of cladding is multiple
Condensation material load core is highly suitable for in-site installation because flexible load core can promote the conducting wire from reel by around
Straight rebound.For example, load core is 0.05% by tensile stress processing tensile strain minimum, such as at least 0.15%, even at least
0.3%。
Application for conducting wire exchange aspect, skin effect require conductive layer to should be within skin effect depth, are wrapping
Load core is preferably formed with multiple concentric conducting medium layer claddings during coating process.The alternating current circuit depth of penetration varies with frequency.
The depth capacity that 60Hz reaches for fine copper is about 8 millimeters, and 25Hz is about 13 millimeters.The maximum that 25Hz reaches for fine aluminium
Depth is about 11 millimeters, and 60Hz is about 17 millimeters.It is maximum allowable when each conductive layer thickness should be less than obtaining low AC resistance
Depth.This can be obtained by a series of coating equipments.For example, each copper-clad coating thickness is 12 millimeters maximum, such as at most 10
Millimeter, even up to just 8 millimeters.Most 16 millimeters of each aluminium coating thickness, such as at most 12 millimeters, even at most just 10
Millimeter.High conductive material such as copper, it is contemplated that with dielectric material coating come optimizing surface effect between conductive layer or twisted wire.This
It outside, is the bending flexibility for further increasing conducting wire, the last layer of conductive layer or several layers of it is contemplated that twisted circle, TW, C, Z, S
Etc. structural forms wire, implement as shown in figure 4, the processed cladding load core of pre-stretching during the twisting process further by
Autofrettage is stretched, conductive layer, including outermost layer is made by tensile stress or not to be in compressive stress state.This effect can also be by leading
Line draws program to complete, and the outer layer including the present invention is twisted conducting wire through installing on tensioner and multiple suspension towers
Pulley, one end of conducting wire is first fixed between two tension pylons, and tension tower, the other end complete conducting wire sealing end one of wherein
The preceding load core for pulling out cladding and the length calculated on the estimation are equivalent to elongation of the core material in the pre- tensile stress processing of conducting wire and carry out
It cuts.The step can with enough lubricants (as oil, grease or other similar substance are between twisted wire layer and clad) into
One step helps to promote the corresponding sliding between twisted wire layer and load core after cladding；In addition it is also possible to pass through a pair of of drawing tension machine
Carry out the pre- tensile stress processing of conducting wire at the construction field (site) to the aerial condutor to significantly reduce the hot inflection point of conducting wire, as shown in Figure 5.
The step of these are described and Fig. 4 and the implementation method of 5 descriptions can also be directly applied for traditional conducting wire such as Invar, ACSS,
ACCR, ACCC, Lo Sag and C7 etc. also include each conducting wire that clad is not used suitable for load core.Copper clad aluminum steel or
Copper external coating as conductive layer perhaps preferably because current convergence in copper superficial layer up to maximum conductivity without fine copper
The cost and weight of conducting wire valuableness.
The pre- tensile stress processing of the conducting wire that Fig. 4 and 5 is implemented is acceptable from the consideration of the lantern deformation angle of conducting wire and will not
It goes wrong.The technique unlike described in Chinese patent or JPS method, it is twisted that conducting wire of the present invention only has very limited outer layer.
It can when compressing into reel or execute-in-place because there is no all aluminum conductors such as conducting wire internal layer in Chinese patent or JPS method
The case where capable of being distorted, outer layer conductor wire can be shifted freely relatively without be obstructed (this patent does not have inner layer conductive line).
Method is practiced disclosed in Fig. 5 and is also fully applicable for conventional wires, if line impairment occurs after conducting wire installation, to repair in this way
Still there is some challenges (but serious like that without Gap conducting wire) really in the conducting wire of processing.This is because the load core in core wire
The inside of line conductive layer can be still retracted, so that scene is repaired before searching the load core difficulty and conducting wire attended operation being broken
The tension adjustment of conducting wire is become difficult with reaching certain hot inflection point.
The construction of some conducting wires is illustrated in Fig. 6-Figure 19 in the present invention.The core wire of cladding can have a single load core or more are held
Power core twists together or bulk packing, and load core can be such as oval for circle or other shapes or has the improved circle of surface characteristics
Shape come promote load core and coat interlayer bonding or mechanical interlocking.These load cores can use steel, indium steel, high-strength or superelevation it is strong or
Special high-strength steel；Continuous or discontinuous ceramic fibre, carbon fiber or other suitable fibre-reinforced metal-base composites；
With carbon fiber, glass fibre, the thermosetting property or organic thermoplastic polymer based composites of quartzy or other reinforcing fibers enhancings,
And it includes nanofiller that the composite material, which can add or not add additional filler,.Reinforcing material in composite material can be company
It is continuous or discontinuous.Carbon fibre composite and conductive interlayer have a layer insulating, this can increase for glass or basalt fibre
Strong composite material (being parallel to axial direction, or braiding insulating glass fibers, or winding insulating glass fibers layer) or one layer of insulation
Layer (including resin insulating barrier) or insulating coating.When coating conductor and carbon fiber load core, which are asked, lacks insulating layer, load core
Broken end has to adequately be sealed to enter with waterproof.The load core of cladding can be to be hollow, and hollow load core material can accommodate
Optical fiber or cable can be used for transmission distribution network network (fiber-to-the-home) or composite cable ground wire.Conducting wire itself can be single layer cladding
Load core.Conductive layer can be completely smooth the conducting wire on surface, interlayer with or without dielectric coat also for cladding circle with one heart.It leads
The surface characteristics that ammeter face can go out with pultrusion is fallen off with the spiral for disintegrating aeolian vibration.Interlayer can promote one with lubricant
A little relative movements, but the contact between conductive layer and load core must be closely mechanically bonded or chemical bonding is to ensure to respectively form
The a large amount of holdings of residual stress and strain in part.Outer layer can be twisted into conducting wire, can be the twisted wire of different types, such as round
Shape, trapezoidal, C, S, Z and other suitable shapes, preferably self-locking twisted wire such as Z, S and C twisted wire, to reach a large amount of reduction windages
Smooth surface.Other conducting wires construction be also allowed, such as bullet train connect wires application in tear-drop shaped conducting wire.Electric conductor can
For annealing or unannealed aluminum or aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy or their mixture.
The interface of load core and clad can be advanced optimized with the surface characteristics in load core, and surface characteristics enhances load
The interface locking of core and cladding interlayer retains the stress maintained in elongation process with bonding.This includes but is not limited to load
The feature and load core of wicking surface protrusion are along axial-rotation.In addition, same feature can be used for followed by conductive layer boundary
Face.As a mould example, fibre reinforced composites load core can form screw shape or torsion with its surface of glass fiber winding
Face.Steel wire can be used similar surface traits to form.It is simply pre-stretched in electric conductor such as aluminium or copper or their respective alloy substrates
The load core of reinforcing fiber acquisition pre-tensile stress effect.Method of the invention can be practiced in the coating equipment with aluminium.Enhancing
Fiber can be type disclosed in this patent, such as ceramic fibre, non-metallic fibers, carbon fiber, glass fibre and other classes
As fiber type.
The wire high-temperature operation of resin base core production requires stability and for a long time the load core performance of exposure at high temperature.
The ACCC core of CTC Global company resists oxygen intrusion carbon fiber portion by electric coupling reaction protective layer (i.e. glass layer)
Point.Nexans, Southwire and some other company attempt to be improved with one layer of protective coating under its composite core high temperature
Durability.Coating is usually very thin (less than 0.5 millimeter), the intrusion of oxygen when for resisting high-temperature operation.These coatings are highly brittle
Weak, because its very thin aluminum steel that cannot bear is between fricting movement lasting load core, thermal expansion, which mismatches, can lead to aluminized coating stripping
It falls, exposed load core will face the aging life-spans problems such as high-temperature oxydation decomposition.This patent is also applied for special high temperature load core,
Its resin is from the lonely material of high score that can be converted into ceramic material, and ceramic conversion object can be the compound of carbon oxygen silicon.High temperature
Resin material further includes bismaleimide resin, polyimides, cyanate ester and organic silicon rubber class material, the use of temperature can be more than 250
℃.In this case, perhaps the oxidation resistance of clad becomes to be not necessarily to.
Load core should have the smallest tensile strength of 600MPa, to support the application of pre- tensile stress.To metal load core,
Pre- tensile stress must be at least up to or enter plastic deformation more than the proportional limit intensity of the material.In addition, load core must bear to come
The radial compression crimped from conventional brace, radial stress and conductive layer that cladding process is likely to occur fold and moulding technology in
The radial pressure of appearance, radial crushing strength necessarily require a smallest level, and radial crushing strength at least requires 3KN, most
Fortunately 15KN or more, particular without the composite core of plastic deformation.
The unrestricted example in above-mentioned conducting wire of the present invention and the method for changing the hot inflection point of conducting wire, the element of foregoing description and
The variation of material parameter, technical specification and standard is related to the change of the structure and conducting wire inflection point of conducting wire, without violating the present invention
Teaching make.The aforementioned explanation to embodiment be used for explanation and illustration, be not intended to exhaustion or to the present invention into
Row limitation.The each element or feature or parameter of particular implementation are generally not limited to the particular implementation, on the contrary, suitable
Used time, it can also be replaced mutually, and can be used in institute's embodiment.Same thing can be also changed in many ways, these
Variation will not be considered away from the present invention, and all such modifications are intended to and are included within the scope of the disclosure.
Unrestricted application example is explanation of the invention below, should not be construed in any form to application range
Limitation.It is some to be described by Fig. 6-19 based on all conducting wires selection of the invention and construction, it can be applied to following application
The benefit of example, each example can also be highly suitable for other application field.
Embodiment 1: power grid capacity-increasing transformation
The common voltage range of transmission line of electricity capacity-increasing transformation is utilized as far as possible in 110KV-500KV, existing pylon to subtract
Few engineering cost and power-off time.Track remodelling can charge progress, not need to arrange power-off in transformation process.The master of track remodelling
Wanting emphasis is to make transmission line of electricity capacity using existing infrastructure under existing aerial spacing constraint and as far as possible
It maximizes.Conducting wire of the invention is most suitable to the application, including (almost 100% concentric layer compares allusion quotation to highest consistency conducting wire
The ACCC conducting wire of the CTC Global company of 93% filling rate of fine and close stranded conductor of type is taller), it mentions in normal operation condition
For possible peak capacity (minimum resistance loss).In the case where conducting wire operates in the emergency closure operating condition of high temperature, the present invention
Conducting wire it is particularly suitable, because its load core from oxygen invade and heat ageing, allow conducting wire transported for a long time in its entire temperature range
Row.Concentric coated wire of the invention is not present conventional wires and is exposed to ultraviolet light in the deformed load core of lantern, moist, smelly
Negative effect under the environment such as oxygen.Also effective protection load core is protected against from these environment metal carbonyl coat on load core
The adverse effect of factor.It is emphasized that conductive coating do not need experience Compressive stress treatment come realize protection load core by
The negative effect (oxidation, ozone, corona and steam) of environment.
Hot inflection point in reduction conducting wire will substantially reduce hot arc sag constraint, and (the hot arc sag of conducting wire is not led by high thermal expansion coefficient
Electric material such as aluminium, the influence of copper or their own alloy).Low hot inflection point eliminates the sensitivity of full annealing aluminium high temperature wire
Property, otherwise the quick significant aluminium creep in conducting wire leads to the uncertainty of the final inflection point of conducting wire and arc sag.Aluminium in conducting wire is not
Completely remove its creep in conducting wire by tensile stress or in compression, conducting wire steps into final sag condition (nothing after stringing
Creep effect, it is assumed that further decrease hot inflection point without serious ice carrier strip part).This allows conducting wire to pacify in pylon load limitation
Dress obtains maximum aerial spacing (maximize transmission line capability and deal with Extreme Ice Loading).It also significantly simplifies mounting process and has
Effect solves the arc sag variation issue that high temperature wire especially diverges in conducting wire.Predictable low arc drop facilitates power grid and effectively manages
Its power transmission assets, because of limiting factor when hot arc sag becomes crash program and state never again.
Conductive material fatigue damage in conducting wire usually restricts the conducting wire service life.Conducting wire conduction composition part in the present invention is several
Not by tensile stress, the available effective control of aeolian vibration aging effects is saved without the stockbridge damper required in former route
Engineering cost.If design engineer requires the Additional Protection of anti-aeolian vibration fatigue damage, it is contemplated that use Stock-
Bridge stockbridge damper or the shockproof rod-type damper of spiral shell type.Shown in Fig. 6-19 have special protrusion surface feature conducting wire can be used into
One step deals with aeolian vibration.Big for the present invention and weight wire type, can be used additional oscillation damping method, is such as additional to and leads
The dummy conductor section of line, different segment length handles all frequency ranges between conducting wire further attachment point.
Fitting used in conducting wire compared with new type is often valuableness, because it needs to consider to carry out nothing using the fitting of special expensive
Damage ground locking core wire.Load core in the present invention is protected by layer of conductive material naturally, is allowed and traditional fitting
Compression joint technique matches, and fixture is crimped on load core directly to realize that mechanical load is transmitted.For in polynary load core such as C7
Composite material load-carrying core, Tokyo Rope and ACCR type conductors, the contact point between more load cores is avoided with this patent
Excessive load and to damage be advantageous also necessary.
Most of conducting wire newly installed due to high-tension line corona effect and full of noise.Conducting wire of the invention has close
Circular surfaces are sealed, lubricant used in the operation of typical wire twisted wire is unnecessary, to eliminate usual related to new conducting wire
Noise effect.
Unidirectional Fiber-reinforced Composite load core (ACCC, ACCR, C7, Lo-Sag, Tokyo Rope etc.) is often
Brittle, the excessive axial compressive force that maloperation generates easily leads to fibrous fracture.Clad not only protects load core from accidentally behaviour
The coup injury of work, and make the bigger generation to mitigate wedge angle of the effective diameter (i.e. clad outer layer) of load core.
There is the load core for possessing lasting elongation strain and tensile stress a kind of built-in mechanism effectively to mitigate and liquidate from curved
The compression that song generates, so that the constructing operation of new conducting wire is safe and economical.It is emphasized that if caused by because of improper construction
Conducting wire damage, core pulling will not occur as gap-type conductor in conducting wire of the present invention or load core shortens, and conducting wire of the present invention can
Easily to be repaired.The conducting wire be particularly suitable for the big area of stringing difficulty and project (type it is difficult complicated, equipment lacks
Or personnel are unskilled).
Embodiment 2: the application of newly-built transmission and distribution network
Grassroot project is usually more sensitive to material and labour costs (such as wire cost, fixture cost and pylon cost).One
A little grassroot projects are directed to long distance transmission and extra-high voltage, it is necessary to control corona effect, minimize conductor resistance and line loss.
Present invention implementation includes carrying out conducting wire strand along the processed load core of pre- tensile stress of cladding with additional wiring layers
It closes to improve the diameter of wire as extra-high voltage application, helps to facilitate operation (it is required that lesser reel disc around).For 60Hz
Alternating current circuit aluminum conductor, skin effect require conductive layer maximum gauge be 17 millimeters.Big conducting wire need to consider multi-ply construction.
Since large area cladding aluminium has been in prestressing force, additional pre- tensile stress processing is carried out to conducting wire and outer conductor layer is made to be in compression
It or not by tensile stress is very easy.This will reduce the lantern deformation tendency in conducting wire.If desired, additional prestressing force can join
The load core suggested in Fig. 4 and 5 or the present invention is examined to trim to implement.Additional conductive layer can be aluminium, annealed aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper
Or copper alloy or other kinds of conducting medium.Preferred is embodied as aluminum or aluminum alloy, can bear bigger pressure (pressure
Under be not easy to expand outward), more resistant to scraping compared with annealed aluminium, to protect conductive line surfaces integrality, resist severe construction site condition
Under minor accident or abrasion kite string be entangled in the erosion on high-voltage line.
Based on the inhibition of the hot inflection point of conducting wire, conducting medium such as aluminium is not by tension when conducting wire running temperature is higher than its hot inflection point
(or being in pressure), conducting wire has superior self-damping performance, can bear high erection tension, for example 25-40% RTS(is compared
More typical 10-20% RTS sets up tension at present).(conductor galloping is to electric power for the tendency waved this not only reduces line conductor
Route be it is very harmful, different regions have it is different due to, be very difficult to solve), and can get optimal lead
Line terrain clearance, to reduce the height of pylon or increase the span between pylon to reduce engineering cost.Compact construction makes absolutely
Most of conductive aluminum (such as full annealing) reaches maximum fine and close packaging, compared with current optimal conducting wire such as ACCC, the present invention
Conducting wire can get higher pack completeness, make it have the more preferable efficiency of highest transmission line capability and minimum line loss.Conducting wire heat turns
Point, which is down to construction temperature or less, can greatly simplify wire construction complexity and construction cost, because conducting wire sag can be easy to
Reach consistent.This point-to-points bifurcated line is even more important, and not so has different hot inflection points with phase conductor, and arc sag can be generated with temperature
Different variation and apparent different, seriously affects line security operation.
In order to solve super-pressure and extra-high voltage application in corona effect, can be used have hollow core, hollow conductive line or
Expand the conducting wire of cross section.To be further minimized corona effect, aluminium outer layer surface can be avoided using Hydrophilic Surface Treatment
Droplet is assembled.The fixture of traditional low-cost can be suitable for conducting wire of the present invention easily because cladding load core to directly crimp more
Add securely, load core preferably protect that (such as conducting wire damages, and corrodes, ultraviolet to resist maloperation and environmental effect by clad
Line, ozone, moisture etc.) caused by the conducting wire service life limit, make power transmission line have higher safety and reliability.To subtract as far as possible
Few conductive line surfaces damage, conducting wire extexine are considered as with hard aluminum or aluminum alloy or copper alloy to reduce super-pressure or extra-high voltage
Corona phenomenon in route.
Embodiment 3: the application under special circumstances (across the river cross a river of super large span, serious frost and seriously corroded area)
Across river cross a river and large span application or serious frost region need the fine and close conducting wire of high-strength and high-modulus amount.If the electric power passes
Constraint of the defeated route by hot arc sag, then require the inhibition of the hot inflection point of part or whole.If transmission line arc sag make somebody a mere figurehead distance by
Driven to ice load or wire weight, then require the fibre reinforced composites load core using high-strength light) by a part
Or most aluminium alloys (such as aluminium zircaloy, 6201-T81) or copper and copper alloy carrying come reduce arc sag (the hot inflection point of conducting wire by compared with
Few inhibition, i.e., additional conductive material layer (other than the load core coated with conductive layer of autofrettage) are not subject at prestressing force
Reason.) design ice load is close to so that conducting wire has maximum make somebody a mere figurehead under high tension forces to the abundant autofrettage of conducting wire
Distance and mechanical tension load inexcessive to pylon simultaneously.This requires the processing of load core pretension that can extend at least
0.1%, preferably at least 0.25%.Aeolian vibration is usually danger in the application of long span, big using the hot inflection point of conducting wire
Width decline (such as inflection point is reduced more than 30 degree) is very important, and reduces what inflection temperature most often occurred in winter to aeolian vibration
The self-damping of conductor wire can will be maximized below representative temperature.The fine and close for example closed concentric surface of natural smooth contour is led
Electric layer is by the accumulation for minimizing ice and greatly reduces wind load.If conducting wire has sufficient size, its strand of the conductive layer that outer layer is additionally twisted
Line answers preferred construction such as Z, and TW, C and S twist molded line and reduce wind load.To the conducting wire fault localization of critical transmissions span, real time monitoring is led
The accurate arc sag of line, conductor temperature and the stress of conductor, can be by being packed into single or multifiber in load core and the first clad
Interface between (the preferably non-stretched processing of optical fiber is to keep its service life).As described in Fig. 6-19, these distribution type fiber-optics can also
Be placed between conductive layer or conductive layer inside and load core in.
Conducting wire of the invention is particularly suitable for corroding and corroding area.Conductive line surfaces are completely enclosed, without channel for pollution
Object, coarse sand or particle enter inside conducting wire.Gap between conventional wires conductive strand is easy channel, leads to electric wire
Inside corrosion.For the load core of metalline, it is protected it from corrosion with external world's shielding completely by the conductive material of cladding
It influences.Conducting wire of the present invention is particularly suitable for seriously polluted area or the multiple area of coastal and sandstorm.This is not necessarily to coating conductor
Undergo Compressive stress treatment.
When conducting wire using it is insensitive to the hot inflection point of conducting wire when, but require to match with low cost fitting, and be easily installed and repair
It is multiple, although autofrettage step not absolute demand in conducting wire production process but still be it is optional and preferred, because of ice load
Or aluminium alloy is usually selected in the circuit section lead application that wire weight drives, this, which will lead to, substantially raises the hot inflection point of conducting wire.Suitably
Reducing hot inflection point and making it below daily operating temperature helps to deal with aeolian vibration and the hot arc sag of control to handle N-1 and N-
High transmission line capability requirement when 2 emergency, and simultaneously, inflection point does not have excessive reduction (the i.e. temperature of extreme heavy ice event
Degree or more) so as to by extreme heavy ice attack when, conducting wire have aluminium alloy part carrying come deal with and control load ice arc sag.
Embodiment 4: distribution line and optical cable ground wire application
Power distribution route is not related to corona effect, is lower than 110KV because it operates voltage.Conducting wire can be exposed or insulation
's.Usually higher (2-4 times of transfer wire) with current density in electric lead, line loss and efficiency are unusual phases in power distribution network
It is closing and important.The cost of conducting wire, fitting and installation is more important in distribution line.Usually there is capacity limit in distribution line
System, but when N-1 or N-2 emergency needs, will require higher conducting wire capacity.For the alternating current circuit of 60Hz, aluminum conductor
Skin effect depth is 16.9 millimeters, and copper conductor is 8.5 millimeters.Cladding load core conducting wire of the invention is highly suitable for distribution wire
Road network: A) conducting wire be it is fine and close, pack completeness minimizes resistance and line loss and maximises capacity of trunk close to 100%.
Since load core autofrettage is as a result, the hot inflection point of conducting wire is greatly reduced, carbon fibre composite load core is almost without hot arc
It hangs down, or even the hot arc sag of the relevant steel core load core conducting wire of the present invention is also very manageable.Densification matches electric lead relatively
Small radius facilitates on Wire-wound to conducting wire reel, while it is again sufficiently large, makes the load core in conducting wire from maloperation
The especially damage of wedge angle.Although there is very superior bending radius model using small composite material load-carrying core stranded conductor
It encloses, however, it is also easily damaged by wedge angle situation, this is because composite material load-carrying core is by very small at the point of sharp turn
When radius, excessive axial compression stress and fiber buckling failure will cause.Match electric lead especially with carbon fiber in the present invention
Tie up composite material load-carrying core, the autofrettage of load core and the reservation of tensile stress, which alleviate, even to be eliminated axial compressive force and cause
The risk of fiber buckling fracture.The conductive layer of cladding, which eliminates composite core, leads to danger by wedge angle extreme in conducting wire
A possibility that axial compressive force.The present invention also eliminates the danger of lantern deformation, because this possibility is not present in conductor wire of the invention
Property, moisture of the load core from influencing the conducting wire service life, the intrusion of ultraviolet light and oxygen.The cladding of conducting wire and existing fitting and tradition
Clips and connecting clamps used by pressing process exactly match.The compact texture of conducting wire make it is suitable for low cost
(i.e. load core is in prestressed by simply inserting conducting wire or from companies such as PLP for MaClean connecting clamps and tension clamp
Conducting wire) simple screw clamp realize the purposes of clips or connecting clamps, make field repair high efficiency and save money.Separately
Outside, perhaps terminating wire of the present invention can be implemented with the PLP of low price or similar prefabricated steel wire binding clip.The compacting of conducting wire also because
It is contemplated that for the superior voltage endurance capability of conducting wire using DMC compacting pincers.Traditional insulating materials can also be used to answer in conducting wire of the present invention
For aerial insulated wire.This insulating materials includes but is not limited to polyethylene (plain edition, high density, cross-linking type), V C of P,
Teflon and organic silicon rubber material.If conducting wire running temperature is more than 100 degree, organosilicon material is answered appropriate.Because of silicon rubber
Material has outstanding insulation and anti-ultraviolet aging performance and is widely used in insulator.The excessive flexibility of silicon rubber can be used
Inorganic or organic filler improves.Silicon rubber can also be connected by hot pressing, pultrusion and extrusion forming insulating coating, including use
Continuous or noncontinuity glass fibre or basalt fibre improve resistive performance in silica gel and phase line short circuit collides durability
Energy.
In addition to low cost, maloperation and high capacity (under room temperature and high temperature), conducting wire (new-aluminium i.e. in table 2 of the present invention are resisted
New-Al) there is best high energy efficiency.For example, conducting wire of the invention has similar other leads in 2 distribution wires of following table
The outer diameter of type.But there is high-intensitive and low resistance.Conducting wire of the present invention running temperature in four electricity distribution body selections is minimum,
With highest capacity (almost twice of aluminium alloy conductor AAAC) and minimum line loss.Assuming that wholesale electricity price is $ 100/
MWhr, conducting wire of the present invention efficiency compared with the carbon-fibre wire ACCC of same size improve 10% or more, close with the aluminium of same size
Golden conducting wire AAAC improves 25% or more compared to efficiency.Every year, the invention conducting wire is every compared with the carbon-fibre wire ACCC of same size
Rice saves about $ 1.85, can save-$ 6.8 since line loss reduces every meter compared with the aluminium alloy conductor AAAC of same size.It is right
Have longer span length (such as 200 meters) in heavy ice regional (such as 30 millimeters of ice) or conducting wire, conducting wire of the invention (i.e. new-aluminium
Zirconium New-AlZr) arc sag is also optimal.Low cost of the invention, high capacity, energy-saving and emission-reducing distribution conducting wire are also effective simultaneously
Solve the problems, such as that thunder and lightning causes the low-voltage in common distribution conducting wire short circuit disconnection problem and rural power grids.
Table 2: same wire size compares with electric lead
Distribution line can also be considered for transmitting fiber-to-the-home.Use hollow core conducting wire (autofrettage), core wire
In penetrate non-stretched fiber optic cables, grid company has very cheap method to promote the resolution policy of " fiber-to-the-home ".With
In optical cable application ground wire of the present invention almost without additional arc sag, optical cable can be solved very well using the load core of hollow cladding
To the phase line arc sag problem of disharmony being made of composite material load-carrying core, optical fiber or optical cable inside hollow core can also be used in ground wire
Continuous monitoring temperature, load, electric current, tension, alternatively, the optical fiber can also be mainly used as optical-fibre communications (telecommunications company).
Embodiment 5: bullet train application
Connecting wires in high-speed rail must keep sizable mechanical tension, because pantograph can generate machinery in connecting wires
Oscillation, the transmitting of the vibration wave must be faster than train and cause damage even fracture of connecting wires to avoid generation standing wave.The electricity of tensioning
Line can be such that vibration wave transmitting accelerates.The speed of train limits weight ratio-squared root by the tension connected wires.This is wanted
It seeks high-strength copper wire or is the low copper magnesium alloy of conductivity (0.5%Mg) or is environmentally harmful cadmium copper alloy.For in
Speed and bullet train system, maintain the mechanical device of high wire tension to be used to keep and connect wires along the straight of high-speed track
Degree.It with the variation of environment temperature, load line and connects wires and accordingly expands or shrink, disagreeable bank is caused to hang down.Load
The problem of variation of line and length of connecting wires usually becomes acquisition and keeps bullet train speed leads to expensive frequent adjustment
And maintenance.Connect wires usually stretched through weight or the hydraulic wire grip that uses once in a while with ensure tension and bank hang down from
Temperature influences.Every wire tension is generally between 9-20KN.The weight used slides up and down to come along the stick or pipe tied up on column
Prevent waving for electric wire.The maintenance of tensioning mechanical device lasting in this way is expensive, if railway when train speed raising needs
It is tensioned mechanical change system to need to update upgrading, project cost can be very expensive.
The present invention is ideally suitable for bullet train application, because of the load line by copper or copper alloy manufacture and the heat connected wires
The arc sag that expansion generates must be strictly controlled.What is described through the invention is compound in fibre reinforced copper or copper alloy clad
Load line is made on material load core and is connected wires, and can make load line and connect wires hardly to be influenced by variation of ambient temperature.If
Using alternating current, skin effect depth in copper is about 13.2 millimeters in 25Hz.To major applications, single layer copper clad is held
Power core conducting wire should be enough.To requiring the bigger conducting wire in cross section, it is contemplated that using multiple layer of copper or copper alloy or outer layer Z, TW,
Round, S or c-type, which are twisted, reaches compactness to reduce wind load, and ice carries and obtain maximum conductivity and minimum resistance.If desired, often
Layer copper or copper wire can be handled using dielectric material to adapt to the skin effect of conducting wire AC applications.At the load core prestressing force of cladding
Its hot inflection point should be lower than the minimum operating temperature of train operation after reason, to guarantee load line and connect wires to keep almost unchanged
Length and arc sag, because they are not influenced by ambient temperature.Unlike Gap conducting wire can get low hot arc sag but can not can be carried out existing
Field is repaired, and is made load line with the carbon fibre composite load core that conductive layer coats and is connected wires, due to load core wire and conduction
Cladding layers of copper is all a whole part of conducting wire, it is made to be very easy to repair.Coated copper or copper alloy when conducting wire damage occurs
The retraction of the low thermal expansion composite material load-carrying core of layer is suppressed (conducting wire designed unlike Gap), and conducting wire is easy at the scene
Obtain complete correction.
The copper load line of cladding carbon fiber composite material core production by the way that its hot inflection point is greatly reduced, can eliminate to weight or
The needs of hydraulic tensioner.It is held for example, 25 KN power inhibit outer diameter to be 14.8 millimeters and 9 millimeters of carbon fiber composite material core enough
The hot inflection point of the line of force is to subzero 25 degree.Connecting wires for carbon fibre composite load core manufacture can make high-speed rail obtain higher operation
Speed.For example, containing 30% carbon fiber composite material core (intensity 2400Mpa, density 1.9g/cc) and 70% annealed copper (intensity
210Mpa, density 8.96g/cc) connect wires and can have the density of 867Mpa intensity and 6.84g/cc, intensity is to density ratio
Rate is 127, and the intensity much higher than copper magnesium alloy (0.5% Mg) is to density ratio 60.If by combining copper microalloy (La
Farga, 99.8% bronze medal, 99% ICAS conductivity, 480 Mpa intensity, 8.96 density) and newest carbon of the use from Toray company
Carbon composite (intensity 3500Mpa, density 1.76) core of fiber (T1100, modulus 45MSI, intensity are greater than 1000KSI) production
It connects wires, also can further improve intensity of connecting wires to density ratio.To contain 30% carbon composite core (intensity
1386Mpa, density 6.8g/cc) its intensity of connecting wires 204 can reach to density ratio, be unable to reach current techniques more
It is possibly realized at high speed.For load line and application of connecting wires, the present invention may also allow for considering using aluminum or aluminum alloy cladding
Load core with low thermal coefficient of expansion, such as the load core or similar by CTC Global, Nexans or Southwire manufacture
Their material makees load core.For example, using 70% annealed aluminium (intensity 60Mpa, density 2.7g/cc) and 30% carbon fiber composite
The mixing of material (density 1.76g/cc, intensity 3500Mpa) connect wires its intensity to density ratio up to 400 or more.It is rotten to wear
Performance of preferably connecting wires is obtained in terms of erosion and contact resistance, it is contemplated that one layer of copper is coated on aluminum or aluminum alloy, for example, passing through
Plating, plasma-based plated film or other methods.When needing, the coating machine that the copper conductor layer of adequate thickness can describe through the invention is real
It is existing.In addition, load line and connecting wires it is contemplated that using indium steel as load core and copper or copper alloy (or aluminium and aluminium alloy or copper-clad
Cover aluminium) made as conductive material, conducting medium be in compression or not by tensile stress and load core is in tensile stress, simultaneously
Utilize the low thermal coefficient of expansion of indium steel.It is also conceivable to being directly embedded into the splicing thread of low thermal coefficient of expansion or fiber is such as in pre- and answers
Carbon fiber or indium steel wire under the conditions of power, are added directly into conductive dielectric materials such as copper, aluminium, their alloy or mixture or its
In its similar conducting medium, the conductive material of generation be in compression or not by tensile stress and splicing thread or fiber are in and answer
Power state.The thermal expansion coefficient of reduction and higher elasticity modulus, the reduction of external heat inflection point can be easier to solve to come from environment
Temperature change and the arc sag variation that ice carries or wind load event generates.Use aluminium and the carbon composite core with low thermal coefficient of expansion
The inexpensive load line of production and the system of connecting wires be it is very promising, it can be widely used for substituting current copper system column
The load line of all electric railcar traffic and system of connecting wires.It is noted that if load core fracture effectively anti-watertight
Envelope, the load core coated can be made by most carbon fibre composite.This example of the invention can be maximum
The mitigation load core and wire weight of limit improve intensity and elasticity modulus, reduce thermal expansion coefficient.Such as coated wire has
The intensity of 70 Mpa/g/cc of minimum to weight ratio, such as at least 150 Mpa/g/cc intensity to weight ratio, even at least 180
The intensity of Mpa/g/cc is to weight ratio.Again for example, the load core intensity minimum in conducting wire should can reach 2000Mpa, such as at least
3000Mpa, even at least 3600Mpa;The thermal expansion coefficient maximum of the load core of conducting wire is no more than 12x10-6 / C, such as extremely
It is no more than 6x10 more-6/ C is even at most no more than 1x10-6/C。
In addition, load line of the invention and connecting wires and being used in compression and substantially not by tensile stress and tensile stress fatigue
The carbon fiber complex core of the copper of influence, copper clad is connected wires and load line should show superior fatigue life, because of carbon composite wood
Expect that core is best one of the material of anti-fatigue performance aspect.In addition, copper clad composite material core lead is easy to repair (core of the present invention
Line does not shrink the possibility of retraction, and being retracted in the copper gap-type conductor by similar material production can occur surely).Moreover, passing
System is used in the fitting conducting wire for use in the present invention of copper conductor, to reduce system cost.The installation of the conducting wire should be suitable
Directly work as, copper gap-type conductor unlike using carbon composite, lubricating oil is perhaps needed inside conducting wire, and install very
Time-consuming and construction site is related to very high tension.Copper clad carbon fiber composite material core conducting wire pretension handles solution
It is highly suitable for bullet train application: because load line and the arc sag connected wires hardly are influenced by variation of ambient temperature, conducting wire
Installation repair it is simple and economical, fatigue life is superior, and tension density ratio is better than existing optimal selection (copper magnesium alloy)
200%, allow higher train speed to be possibly realized.Solution of the invention should to the reconstruction of newly-built high-speed rail route and high-speed rail
It is very attractive, it is notable that the invention still can be used in round copper or alloy, and the packing factor of conducting wire is perhaps on 70% left side
The right side, it is desirable that the packed bulk density of copper should reach low energy consumption and maximum reduction ice or wind to the electronic fortune of rail close to 100%
Load line in defeated system and the conductor length caused by connecting wires and arc sag influence.
Although preferred embodiment of the invention is described with single-minded term, the aforementioned description explanation to embodiment
For explanation and illustration.It should be known that each element or feature of particular implementation is generally not limited to the particular implementation side
Formula.On the contrary, in where applicable, can also be replaced mutually even if being not shown or described in detail and can be used for selected embodiment
In.Same thing can be also changed in many ways, these variations will not be considered away from the present invention, and all these
Modification, which is intended to, to be included within the scope of the disclosure.Be implemented example variation its include but is not limited to equivalent characteristic or component
Replacement and various characteristic exchange, can be practiced by industry those of ordinary skill but not violate following right
It is required that spirit or scope.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point, it is characterised in that: for one of following four kinds of structures: the first includes: one
Root or more load core wire/sticks and conductive wrapping layer composition, load core wire/stick is by one or more strands of wires or fibre-reinforced
Composite material core wire/stick composition, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain；The conductive wrapping layer is at least
There is the conductive material of one layer of coated；The conductive wrapping layer thickness > 0.5mm, and be to be not subject to tension, conductive wrapping layer
Primarily to it is conductive, while also protecting load core wire/stick；The high energy efficiency conducting wire is wound on disk；
Second includes: one or more load core wire/stick and conductive wrapping layer composition, and load core wire/stick is by one or more strands of
Wire or fibre-reinforced composite material core wire/stick composition, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain；Institute
The conductive material for at least one layer coated of conductive wrapping layer stated；The conductive wrapping layer thickness > 0.5mm, and be not
Tension is born, conductive wrapping layer is primarily to conduction, while also protection load core wire/stick；The high energy efficiency conducting wire be around
On disk；Load core wire/the stick has an insulating layer to avoid load core wire/stick from being electrically coupled chemistry with what conductive layer occurred
Reaction；
The third includes: one or more load core wire/stick and conductive wrapping layer composition, and load core wire/stick is by one or more strands of
Wire or fibre-reinforced composite material core wire/stick composition, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain；Institute
The conductive material for at least one layer coated of conductive wrapping layer stated；The conductive wrapping layer thickness > 0.5mm, and be not
Tension is born, conductive wrapping layer is primarily to conduction, while also protection load core wire/stick；The high energy efficiency conducting wire be around
On disk；Load core wire/stick naked the layer is chemical anti-to avoid load core wire/stick and being electrically coupled for conductive layer appearance
It answers；
4th kind includes: one or more load core wire/stick and conductive wrapping layer composition, and load core wire/stick is by one or more strands of
Wire or fibre-reinforced composite material core wire/stick composition, and load core wire/stick bears at least 0.05% tensile strain；Institute
The conductive material for at least one layer coated of conductive wrapping layer stated；The conductive wrapping layer thickness > 0.5mm, and be not
Tension is born, conductive wrapping layer is primarily to conduction, while also protection load core wire/stick；The high energy efficiency conducting wire be around
On disk；The conduction wrapping layer includes and conductive material is concentric wraps up conductive layer, alternatively, the conduction wrapping layer includes
With the concentric wrapping layer of conductive material and the deposited conductive filament for being wound on outer layer；The conductive material is one of following or a variety of: aluminium,
Aluminium alloy, copper and copper alloy.
2. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the load core
Line/stick is made of a kind of following the of continuous reinforcing fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fibre, glass fibre and basalt fibre；At one
Composition in resin base, and the load core wire/stick can be single or more, can be solid core or hollow；When load core wire/stick
When for hollow, optical fiber can be put into load core wire/stick hollow parts for optical communication, be applied on ground wire or distribution line；Light
Fibre can single or multifiber, optical fiber can be placed in load core wire/stick, also can be placed in conductive layer, or load core
Real time monitoring conductor temperature and electric current, load and arc sag are carried out with the interface of conductive layer, realize smart grid；Described leads
The line at least production length of 500m；Load core wire/stick is handled by pretension, before crossing the first construction pulley at least
0.05% remaining tensile strain is in load core wire/stick；Load core wire/stick linear expansion coefficient is no more than 15 x 10-6/ °C, it holds
Power core wire/stick has the radial anti-pressure ability of at least 3KN, damages to avoid load core wire/stick when fitting is suppressed.
3. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conductive package
Layer is made of at least one layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy or copper or copper alloy, or with aluminum or aluminum alloy or copper or copper alloy wire it is twisted in aluminium or
On load core wire/stick that aluminium alloy or copper or copper alloy clad are crossed；Conductive wrapping layer in addition to multilayer coating structure layer, can also for it is trapezoidal,
Z, the mixing of S or c-type and round conductive filament or these filaments；Load core wire/stick is still adequately protected to be wrapped up in conduction
In layer, axial compression stress caused by the sharp corner bends encountered in construction is prevented and the failure by shear of load core has been damaged.
4. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: load core wire/stick can
Be it is single, be also possible to more, all or part of load core wire/stick surface carried out processing to reach load core wire/stick
Densification between coated with conductive layer is combined；Surface characteristics includes protrusion or recess construction or layers of braided fibers or load core
Line/stick outermost layer winds fibre bundle to increase the combination and frictional force between coated with conductive layer and load core；The fibre bundle of winding
Load wicking surface can be stayed in, can also be removed.
5. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the wire external layer can
Additional high temperature insulating layer is as high-temperature cable, which includes polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), crosslinked polyethylene, gathers
The material of vinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and organic silicon, the filler of organic or inorganic can be added in insulating layer, continuous and discontinuous
Fibrous material.
6. a kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the conducting wire uses copper
Or copper alloy makees conductive layer；The conducting wire reduces hot inflection point by autofrettage in process of production；Load core has lower
Thermal expansion coefficient highest is not more than 15x10-6/C, and the hot inflection point of the conducting wire can be lower than the minimum temperature of conducting wire operation.
7. a kind of manufacturing method for the high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: sending one or more
Root load core wire/stick is suitable for continuously coating aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper alloy, load core wire/stick can to a continuous covering
To be steel or fibre reinforced composites；Continuously extruded copper, aluminium and its alloy-layer out of continuous covering cross extruding/drawing-die tool,
Load core wire/bar material is protected through cooling, the close deposited surface for being wound on fiber reinforcement load core is completely led to form one
Line cable；Load core wire/the stick applies the aluminium around single-layer or multi-layer, copper and its alloy wire, is applying the load core after conductor layer
Line/stick further increases the area of conductor and the capacity of conducting wire and conductivity；Finally the wire and cable of completion is wound on drum,
Conductive coating in conducting wire is not subject to tensile stress, or is subject to compression, and load core is subject to tensile stress, and makes conducting wire
Reach a low hot inflection point.
8. a kind of manufacturing method of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: cladding
Process includes the softening of metal, and fusing and extruding/pulling shaping are aluminium or the conduction of copper pipe or copper profile formation at least 0.5mm thickness
Layer；Wire elongation step is related to causing the aluminium of cladding or the experience tension set of the copper material bed of material and this deforms more than aluminium or copper
The corresponding plastic of material deforms starting point；Aluminium conductive layer has at least 94% filling rate；Copper material conductive layer should have at least 70% filling
Rate, the high energy efficiency conducting wire on super-pressure and extra high voltage line reduce corona by expanding processing and occur.
9. a kind of manufacturing method of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: load
Core wire/stick is made of same with thermosetting compound material, and superficial layer can be up to 500 DEG C of temperature with receiving covering material in the short time,
Its plexiglas conversion temperature is higher than 100 DEG C or load core wire/stick and is made of thermoplastic composite, and superficial layer can be with
The temperature that covering material is up to 500 DEG C is born in short time, resin base fusing point is higher than 75 DEG C；Or load core wire/stick is by making pottery
Porcelain enhances composite material composition, and superficial layer can be to bear the high temperature that covering material is up to 500 DEG C, basis material in the short time
Fusing point should be not less than 150 DEG C.
10. a kind of manufacturing method of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: hold
There is a material with electrical insulating property on power core wire/stick surface, effectively avoids occurring electricity between coating conductor and load core
Coupling chemistry corrosion, load core wire/stick can be made up of pultrusion technique, specifically with multi beam carbon or glass fibre or carbon and glass
It is fine to be made together by pultrusion technique, and the pultrusion technique can directly reduce the production cycle and is produced into coating machine connection
This.
11. a kind of manufacturing method of high energy efficiency conducting wire for reducing hot inflection point according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: hold
Power core wire/stick surface effectively avoids occurring being electrically coupled chemistry between coating conductor and load core without the material of electrical isolation
Corrosion, load core wire/stick can be made up of pultrusion technique, specifically, together with multi beam carbon or glass fibre or carbon and glass
It is made by pultrusion technique, and the pultrusion technique can directly reduce production cycle and production cost with coating machine connection.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462051490P | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | |
| USUS62/051490 | 2014-09-17 | ||
| US201462056330P | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | |
| USUS62/056330 | 2014-09-26 | ||
| US201562148915P | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | |
| USUS62/148915 | 2015-04-17 |
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| CN105788738B true CN105788738B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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| CN201510588201.2A Active CN105788738B (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-16 | A kind of high energy efficiency conducting wire reducing hot inflection point and its manufacturing method |
| CN201520715686.2U Active CN205959672U (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-09-16 | Reduce high energy efficiency wire of hot flex point |
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| CN107248427A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-13 | 迈特诺（马鞍山）特种电缆有限公司 | A kind of production method of EMUs high fire-retardance fire-resisting cable |
| CN108134307B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2024-03-19 | 西北机器有限公司 | Multi-head vertical numerical control winding machine |
| CN108288518A (en) * | 2018-01-28 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳市圣龙新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of novel conductive wire and its application |
| CN108461205A (en) * | 2018-01-28 | 2018-08-28 | 南通巨龙新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of novel conductive wire and its application |
| JP6815653B2 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-01-20 | 株式会社永木精機 | Gripping device and live-line sorting tool using it |
| CN109494544B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2024-04-19 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Aluminum-embedded crimping structure and method for butt joint of 7 twisted steel strands of overhead conductor |
| CN110016755B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2024-04-12 | 山东鲁普科技有限公司 | Lightning protection safety net and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111276894B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-04-05 | 南通苏源恒炫电气有限公司 | Layered anti-aging insulating cover for solid insulating ring main unit |
| US11854721B2 (en) | 2022-03-28 | 2023-12-26 | Ts Conductor Corp. | Composite conductors including radiative and/or hard coatings and methods of manufacture thereof |
| US20240079861A1 (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-03-07 | Ts Conductor Corp. | Earth wire including composite core and encapsulation layer and method of use thereof |
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