CN105766345B - Cultivation method for strengthening peanut full seedlings - Google Patents
Cultivation method for strengthening peanut full seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and discloses a cultivation method for full-seedling strong peanut seedlings. According to the method, healthy and full peanut seeds are respectively sown in regular triangle dug holes at two sides of the grooves on the ridges to realize appropriate densification and increase plant spacing, a single ridge is made into a double-seed ridge mulching film, nitrogen fertilizer is quantitatively applied to the grooves in the middle of the ridges, moisture evaporated under the film is fully utilized at the initial stage of peanut seed germination and seedling emergence, the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer in the grooves is enhanced, illumination and accumulated temperature are increased, rooting and seedling growth are promoted, the problems that peanut seedling emergence cannot be completed, seedling stage is not strong, one hole of double plants is too close, fertilizer is strived for light space due to too close plant spacing in the prior art are solved, full-seedling strengthening of peanuts is realized, and yield is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to one cultivates peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method.
Background technique
Peanut is the important industrial crops and oil crops in China, protein and fat rich in, nutritive value
It is high and widely used.Though peanut is that happiness drought is afraid of flooded crop, without suitable moisture, peanut seed cannot normal germination and growth,
Some is because soil moisture content is insufficient, lacks moisture, and the two panels cotyledon just to have sprouted is withered with regard to dehydration, therefore field soil moisture conservation seems extremely important,
But also sufficient illumination and enough accumulated temperature are necessarily required, it just can guarantee peanut normal growth.
There are mainly three types of traditional peanut cultivation modes: first is that level land is planted, including the plantation of outdoor level land and overlay film level land
Plantation, this planting type rainy day easily cause damp evil, and do not tend to have the not sufficient illumination of enough accumulated temperature, root, arid
It is serious that Shi Lutian plants the evaporation of water in soil, and the field for planting peanut is dry land, and periphery lacks water source mostly, and Tanaka's moisture is difficult to meet flower
The needs of raw normal growth.Second is that the outdoor plantation of ridging, this planting type easily cause rich water to lack, enough products are not tended to have
Temperature, and it be easy to cause ridge face plot hardened, it is unfavorable for the knit stitch of peanut florescence.Third is that ridging film-covering planting, this ridge is generally all
It is arch ridge, though having stronger illumination and higher accumulated temperature, uniline peanut is planted on single ridge, and peanut is just in the center position on ridge
It sets, has gathered more from the droplet that the steam that underground is evaporated congeals under mulch daytime or when night cools down just along mulch lower surface
The both sides for flowing to ridge at leisure are fallen on the soil on ridge side, cause moisture that cannot effectively utilize, and some seeds cannot sprout emergence；
Fertilizer is in that solid-state does not dissolve mostly, and utilization rate is not high, is not able to satisfy the needs of peanut primary growth；Though seed has enough temperature
Degree, but cannot sprout without enough moisture or be unable to normal growth after sprouting, lead to have rotten kind of burn seedlings phenomenon of high temperature；One ridge kind
Double-row peanut is planted, at peanut growth initial stage, because solid fertilizer is not utilized effectively, nutrient growth lacks powerful vigor.
Field evaporation of water in soil phenomenon causes soil moisture content insufficient, restricts peanut full stand；The utilization rate of fertilizer in peanut seedling stage is low, restricts
Peanut strong sprout；Illumination deficiency and accumulated temperature are inadequate, restrict peanut and take root tiller；Outdoor plantation field is hardened, restricts peanut
It is pricked under floricome；Double pearls plant peanuts in a traditional cave, and fertilizer is striven after Seed germination and emergence and is won honour for space, the yield of peanut is restrict.
These factors all restrict the planting benefit of peanut.
Summary of the invention
It cultivates peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method in view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides one, both kept
Necessary soil moisture content guarantees sufficient illumination and enough accumulated temperature, and can improve utilization rate of fertilizer and the appropriate density for increasing sowing,
Realize peanut full stand strong sprout and high yield.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the invention is as follows, and the cultural method includes seed selection seed dressing, quantitatively applies
Fertilizer, intensive cultivation thin whole, ridging fluting, put seedling and Synthetical prevention at sowing overlay film in time；Plot south-north direction ridging, single ridge are done in pairs
Sub- ridge, cross section is round in two connected smaller part, the high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm, adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm, two ridges it
Between ditch, furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, the groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth is opened in every ridge middle；When 5cm depth soil temperature is steady under mulch
It is scheduled on 12 DEG C or more to start to sow, respectively digs three caves in equilateral triangle on the both sides ridge of groove among the ridge, triangle cave wherein two
Cave is far from groove 5cm among ridge, and another cave is in the other side on the sub- ridge, and three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；It leans on
The cave of groove is arranged in a linear among nearly ridge, and each adjacent hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth
5cm；A peanut seed, depth of planting 5cm, after planting with loose earth mulch cave are planted in every cave；Herbicide spraying and overlay film
It is preceding in each triangle close to applying 45kg/hm in the groove in two caves of groove middle position among ridge2Urea, fertilization depth
10cm covers the soil layer of 3-5cm thickness after fertilising；The seed and urea planted in cave be laterally and longitudinally all separated by 5cm or more away from
From for seed above, urea is below, guarantees that urea does not burn seed；Spring Peanut first after planting overlay film is beaten after Peanut elder generation overlay film
Hole sowing；Using 0.004mm, thick, 90cm wide ultra micro degradable mulch is covered, and groove does not cover discontinuously at fertilising among the ridge
Upper press mold soil makes mulch be close to the arc ground on ridge, at mulch surrounding compact with soil and hole.
Specific step is as follows for above-mentioned cultural method:
(1) Early-mid ripening, high-quality, disease-resistant, resistance kind seed selection seed dressing: are selected；Before broadcasting, by the seed fair weather with shell
Solarization 2-3 days, select health, full seed as seed, every kilogram of seed 50% carbendazim wettable of mass concentration after peeling off
Pulvis 3g dresses seed to the Imidacloprid suspending agent 1ml of water 300g and mass concentration 60% to water 3ml, dries；
(2) quantitative fertilization: field plough it is whole before, per hectare decomposed household organic fertilizer 15000kg or Chicken dung
1500kg, N P and K total content >=45% fertilizer specially for peanut 1500kg, urea 105kg, boracic, molybdenum, iron, zinc, manganese microelement
Peanut micro fertilizer special 15kg makees base manure and uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields；
(3) intensive cultivation is carefully whole: combine base fertilising rotary tillage field 20cm deep before sowing, soil is raked whole thin loose, and weeds are not stayed,
Soil hand is grabbed agglomerating, is fallen in one meter of eminence and is dissipated naturally, is the suitable soil moisture content of peanut seeding；
(4) ridging is slotted: plot south-north direction ridging, and single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, and cross section is in two connected smaller part
Circle, the high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm, adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm ditch between two ridges, furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, every ridge center
Between open the groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth；
(5) it sows overlay film: starting to sow at 12 DEG C or more when 5cm depth soil temperature is stable under mulch, the groove among ridge
Both sides ridge in equilateral triangle respectively dig three caves, wherein two caves are far from groove 5cm among ridge in triangle cave, and another cave is on the sub- ridge
The other side, three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；Cave close to groove among ridge is arranged in a linear, Mei Gexiang
Adjacent hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth 5cm；A peanut seed, sowing are planted in every cave
Depth 5cm, after planting with loose earth mulch cave；Before herbicide spraying and overlay film in each triangle among ridge two caves of groove
45kg/hm is applied in the groove in middle position2Urea, fertilization depth 10cm cover the soil layer of 3-5cm thickness after fertilising；It is planted in cave
The seed of plant is laterally and longitudinally all separated by a distance from 5cm or more with urea, and seed, above, urea is below, guarantees urine
Element does not burn seed；Spring Peanut first after planting overlay film punches sowing after Peanut elder generation overlay film；Thick, the 90cm wide ultra micro using 0.004mm
Degradable mulch covering, groove does not cover press mold soil discontinuously at fertilising among the ridge, and mulch is made to be close to the arc ground on ridge,
At mulch surrounding compact with soil and hole；
(6) put seedling in time: rupture of membranes puts seedling in time before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock of afternoon in the morning after emergence, and with soil edge
Be compacted mulch around fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling rhizome；
(7) Synthetical prevention: the herbicide spraying before covering mulch, with 75% Acetochlor lotion 1125- of mass concentration
1500ml/hm2Water 600kg uniformly sprays ridge face, sprays a herbicide again on the exposed ground of ridge inter-drain after overlay film；When
When peanut plant has prosperous growth trend, sprayed using paclobutrazol or uniconazole P；Suited the medicine to the illness in peanut plant growth course according to disease
Application.
Wherein, when peanut plant, which grows to 30-40cm, prosperous growth trend, with 15% paclobutrazol 0.75kg/hm of mass concentration2
Dilute 300 times of liquid or uniconazole P 0.6kg/hm2Water 450kg is sprayed.
Wherein, rust early stage or in the knit stitch phase of blooming with 75% Bravo of mass concentration, 800 times of liquid or mass concentration
65% 400 times of zineb liquid sprays prevention and treatment.
Wherein, in leaf spot early stage 70% thiophanate wettable powder of mass concentration, 1000 times of liquid 900-1125kg/
hm2Spray prevention and treatment.
Wherein, in bacterial wilt early stage 72% 4000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate of mass concentration and copper oxychloride 800
The prevention and treatment of times liquid irrigating root.
Wherein, prevention and treatment is sprayed with 600 times of liquid of jinggangmeisu before the onset of banded sclerotial blight.
The invention has the following advantages that
1. moisturizing increases moisture in the soil, realizes full stand: Shuangzi ridge being made by single ridge, so that the steam that daytime evaporates from underground is in mulch
Under the droplet that congeals into gathered mostly or part droplet is fallen along the arcuate surface on ridge when night cools down, increase the moisture in the soil of earth's surface
Feelings provide necessary moisture for Germinating Peanut Seeds emergence, soil conservation can also be made loose not hardened, promote peanut full stand.
2. improving fertilizer efficiency, realize strong sprout: base fertilising has been mixed thoroughly when ploughing whole, is evenly dispersed in field soil, is protected
The fertility of peanut middle and later periods growth is demonstrate,proved, but peanut is emerged initial stage, the nitrogenous fertilizer needed is relatively more, leans on root nodule to Later growth part
Bacterium fixed nitrogen provides nitrogen nutrient, therefore at peanut growth initial stage, quickly to utilize nitrogen nutrient, solid fertilizer cannot play in time
Effect；The present invention using daytime from the droplet that the steam that underground is evaporated congeals under mulch gathered more or night cooling after part
Droplet has been fallen among ridge in groove along mulch lower surface, and ground temperature in the shed is relatively high, and the effect of water and temperature is so that apply
Urea in the trench comparatively fast melts, and is conducive to the utilization of peanut initial stage root absorption, promotes peanut strong sprout.
3. add lustre to temperature raising, tiller of taking root: peanut is a kind of light thermophilic crops, alley south-north direction of the present invention and single ridge
It is made into Shuangzi ridge, increase the time on light direct irradiation alley surface and increases the contact surface of alley illumination, can both make to spend
Portion of taking root obtains more illumination, promotes peanut underground to take root, and the temperature on ridge in film can be improved, promotes peanut tiller.
4. seed manure separates, burn seedlings is prevented: peanut seed kind of the present invention groove both sides distribution triangular in shape among ridge, sowing
Depth 5cm, and the urea depth 10cm applied in groove cover the soil of 3-5cm, sow hill spacing from groove 5cm or more, peanut
In seed and groove urea laterally, it is longitudinal be all 5cm or more, mutually will not directly contact a burning kind burn seedlings, when peanut underground with
The fertilizer nutrient of thawing is gradually absorbed after root.
5. mocromembrane covers, be conducive to knit stitch: using 0.004mm, thick, 90cm wide ultra micro degradable mulch covers alley, not only saves
About cost, and the floricome of peanut readily penetrates through ultra micro degradable mulch, is not required to take a lot of work laborious, there are also the function of management of weeds
Effect.
6. density adds away from realization high yield: digging cave monoseeding by triangle, single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, in ridge intermediate sulcus
Slot both sides are symmetrically sowed, and every square metre reaches 28 caves, hill spacing 15cm, 1 plant of every cave, and tradition plants general every square metre of 12-13
Cave, 2 plants of every cave, thus compared with traditional peanut cultivation had not only suitably increased unit area thickness of sowing, but realize spacing in the rows from
Increase, avoids peanut plant and strive the fertilizer space that wins honour for and be conducive to so that each peanut plant there are enough growing spaces
It blooms knit stitch, promotes peanut high yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Shuangzi ridge cross-sectional view.
Fig. 2 is that Shuangzi ridge peanut is laid out floor map.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below, these embodiments should not be understood as
It is the limitation to technical solution.
Embodiment 1: specific implementation place is in the sandy soil field of three groups of peasant households of the Huai'an Huaiyin District Wu market town village Wu Ji, altogether
1466.7 square metre.
(1) seed selection seed dressing: Early-mid ripening, high-quality, disease-resistant, resistance kind flower is selected to educate No. 17；Before broadcasting, by the seed with shell
Fair weather solarization 2 days, select health, full seed as seed, 44kg seed 50% carbendazim of mass concentration after peeling off
Wettable powder 132g dresses seed to the Imidacloprid suspending agent 44ml of water 13.2kg and mass concentration 60% to water 132ml, dries；
(2) quantitative fertilization: field ploughs whole preceding Chicken dung 220kg, N P and K total content >=45% fertilizer specially for peanut
220kg, urea 15.4kg, boracic, molybdenum, iron, zinc, manganese microelement peanut micro fertilizer special 2.2kg make base manure and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields；
(3) intensive cultivation is carefully whole: combine base fertilising rotary tillage field 20cm deep before sowing, soil is raked whole thin loose, and weeds are not stayed,
Ploughing whole rear soil moisture content is suitable for sowing；
(4) ridging is slotted: plot south-north direction ridging, and single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, and cross section is in two connected smaller part
Circle, the high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm ditch between two ridges per adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm, furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, every ridge
Open the groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth in middle；
(5) overlay film: on April 26th, 2015 is sowed, 5cm depth soil temperature is stablized at 12 DEG C or more, among ridge under mulch
Three caves are respectively dug in equilateral triangle on the both sides ridge of groove, wherein two caves are far from groove 5cm among ridge in triangle cave, and another cave is in the son
The other side on ridge, three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；Cave close to groove among ridge is arranged in a linear, often
A adjacent hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth 5cm；A peanut seed is planted in every cave,
Depth of planting 5cm, after planting with loose rare earth lid cave；In each triangle among ridge two caves of groove middle position
Urea is applied in groove, total 6.6kg, fertilization depth 10cm cover the soil layer of 3cm thickness after fertilising；The thick, 90cm using 0.004mm
The covering of wide ultra micro degradable mulch, groove does not cover press mold soil discontinuously at fertilising among the ridge, and mulch is made to be close to the arc on ridge
At shape ground, mulch surrounding compact with soil and hole；
(6) seedling is put in time: after one week of sowing, being emerged, is broken in time before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock of afternoon successively in the morning
Film puts seedling, and is compacted mulch around fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling rhizome with soil；
(7) Synthetical prevention: uniform to ridge face to water 90kg with 75% Acetochlor lotion 165ml of mass concentration before covering mulch
It sprays, sprays a herbicide again on the exposed ground of ridge inter-drain after overlay film；There is prosperous growth trend when peanut plant grows to 30cm,
300 times of liquid are diluted with 15% paclobutrazol 0.11kg of mass concentration to spray water；In rust early stage with 75,%00 bacterium of mass concentration
Clear 800 times of liquid sprays prevention and treatment；In leaf spot early stage 70% thiophanate wettable powder of mass concentration, 1000 times of liquid 132kg
Spray prevention and treatment.
Embodiment 2: specific implementation place in the sandy soil field of five groups of peasant households of the Huai'an Huaiyin District market town the Xi Song village San Wang,
Totally 1000 square metres.
(1) Early-mid ripening, high-quality, disease-resistant, the resistance kind self-sufficient and strategically located region 3 seed selection seed dressing: are selected；Before broadcasting, by the seed with shell
Fair weather solarization 3 days, select health, full seed as seed, 30kg seed 50% carbendazim of mass concentration after peeling off
Wettable powder 90g dresses seed to the Imidacloprid suspending agent 30ml of water 9kg and mass concentration 60% to water 90ml, dries；
(2) quantitative fertilization: field ploughs whole preceding decomposed household organic fertilizer 1500kg, N P and K total content >=45% peanut
Special fertilizer 150kg, urea 10.5kg, boracic, molybdenum, iron, zinc, manganese microelement peanut micro fertilizer special 1.5kg to make base manure uniform
It spreads fertilizer over the fields；
(3) intensive cultivation is carefully whole: combine base fertilising rotary tillage field 20cm deep before sowing, soil is raked whole thin loose, and weeds are not stayed,
Plough whole rear sowing in time；
(4) ridging is slotted: plot south-north direction ridging, and single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, and cross section is in two connected smaller part
Circle, the high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm ditch between two ridges per adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm, furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, every ridge
Open the groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth in middle；
(5) overlay film: on May 3rd, 2015 is sowed, 5cm depth soil temperature is stablized at 12 DEG C or more, in ridge intermediate sulcus under mulch
Three caves are respectively dug in equilateral triangle on the both sides ridge of slot, wherein two caves are far from groove 5cm among ridge in triangle cave, and another cave is on the sub- ridge
The other side, three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；Cave close to groove among ridge is arranged in a linear, each
Adjacent hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth 5cm；A peanut seed is planted in every cave, is broadcast
Kind depth 5cm, after planting with loose rare earth lid cave；Ditch in each triangle two caves of groove middle position among ridge
4.5kg urea is applied in slot, fertilization depth 10cm covers the soil layer of 4cm thickness after fertilising；After planting overlay film uses 0.004mm
Thick, 90cm wide ultra micro degradable mulch covering, groove does not cover press mold soil discontinuously at fertilising among the ridge, is close to mulch
At the arc ground on ridge, mulch surrounding compact with soil and hole；
(6) seedling is put in time: being emerged successively after six days, timely rupture of membranes puts seedling before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock of afternoon in the morning, and
Mulch is compacted around fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling rhizome with soil；
(7) Synthetical prevention: equal to ridge face to water 60kg with 75% Acetochlor lotion 135ml of mass concentration before covering mulch
It is even spraying, a herbicide is sprayed again on the exposed ground of ridge inter-drain after overlay film；There is prosperous growth to become when peanut plant grows to 35cm
Gesture sprays water 45kg to water with uniconazole P 0.06kg；It is sprayed blooming the knit stitch phase with mass concentration 65% zineb, 400 times of liquid
Prevention and treatment；Prevention and treatment is sprayed with 70% thiophanate wettable powder of mass concentration, 1000 times of liquid 105kg in leaf spot early stage；In line
Prevention and treatment is sprayed with 600 times of liquid of jinggangmeisu before the onset of blight.
Embodiment 3: place is embodied in the field of one group of peasant household of new bridge village of Huai'an Huaiyin District Lao Zhang collection township, altogether
666.7 square metre.
(1) seed selection seed dressing: Early-mid ripening, high-quality, disease-resistant, resistance kind Shandong is selected to spend No. 14；Before broadcasting, by the seed with shell
Fair weather solarization 3 days, select health, full seed as seed, 20kg seed 50% carbendazim of mass concentration after peeling off
Wettable powder 60g dresses seed to the Imidacloprid suspending agent 20ml of water 6kg and mass concentration 60% to water 60ml, dries；
(2) quantitative fertilization: field ploughs whole preceding decomposed household organic fertilizer 1000kg, N P and K total content >=45% peanut
Special fertilizer 100kg, urea 7kg, boracic, molybdenum, iron, zinc, manganese microelement peanut micro fertilizer special 1kg make base manure and uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields；
(3) intensive cultivation is carefully whole: combine base fertilising rotary tillage field 20cm deep before sowing, soil is raked whole thin loose, and weeds are not stayed,
Ploughing whole rear soil moisture content is suitable for sowing；
(4) ridging is slotted: plot south-north direction ridging, and single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, and cross section is in two connected smaller part
Circle, the high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm ditch between two ridges per adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm, furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, every ridge
Open the groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth in middle；
(5) overlay film: on June 20th, 2015 is sowed, 5cm depth soil temperature is stablized at 12 DEG C or more, among ridge under mulch
Three caves are respectively dug in equilateral triangle on the both sides ridge of groove, wherein two caves are far from groove 5cm among ridge in triangle cave, and another cave is in the son
The other side on ridge, three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；Cave close to groove among ridge is arranged in a linear, often
A adjacent hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth 5cm；Each three before herbicide spraying overlay film
3kg urea is applied in the groove in two caves of groove middle position among angular close ridge, fertilization depth 10cm is covered after fertilising
The soil layer of 5cm thickness；Sowing is punched after first overlay film, thick, 90cm wide ultra micro degradable mulch covers using 0.004mm, in every cave
Plant a peanut seed, depth of planting 5cm, after planting with loose rare earth lid cave；Among the ridge groove not at fertilising between
Press mold soil is covered disconnectedly, mulch is made to be close to the arc ground on ridge, at mulch surrounding compact with soil and hole；
(6) put seedling in time: sowing is emerged successively after five days, and timely rupture of membranes is put before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock of afternoon in the morning
Seedling, and mulch is compacted around fresh branches and leaves of peanut seedling rhizome with soil；
(7) Synthetical prevention: equal to ridge face to water 40kg with 75% Acetochlor lotion 100ml of mass concentration before covering mulch
It is even spraying, a herbicide is sprayed again on the exposed ground of ridge inter-drain after overlay film；There is prosperous growth to become when peanut plant grows to 40cm
Gesture sprays water 30kg to water with uniconazole P 0.04kg；It is sprayed blooming the knit stitch phase with mass concentration 65% zineb, 400 times of liquid
Prevention and treatment；Prevention and treatment is sprayed with 70% thiophanate wettable powder of mass concentration, 1000 times of liquid 75kg in leaf spot early stage；Green withered
The 800 times of liquid irrigating root prevention and treatments of sick early stage 72% 4000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate of mass concentration and copper oxychloride.
The peanut of embodiment 1-3 harvest has following index:
Peanut Indexes Comparison table
Note: control all with traditional planting patterns, implements single ridge film-covering planting, and other measures are identical.
Claims (7)
1. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method, the cultural method include seed selection seed dressing, quantitative fertilization, the thin whole, ridging of intensive cultivation slot,
Sowing overlay film puts seedling and Synthetical prevention in time, it is characterised in that the cultural method comprising the following specific steps
(1) Early-mid ripening, high-quality, disease-resistant, resistance kind seed selection seed dressing: are selected；Before broadcasting, by the seed with shell in fair weather day
It shines 2-3 days, selects health, full seed as seed, every kilogram of seed 50% carbendazim wettable powder of mass concentration after peeling off
Agent 3g is watered 300g and the Imidacloprid suspending agent 1ml of mass concentration 60% is watered 3ml seed dressing, dries；
(2) quantitative fertilization: field plough it is whole before, per hectare decomposed household organic fertilizer 15000kg, N P and K total content >=45%
Fertilizer specially for peanut 1500kg, urea 105kg, boracic, molybdenum, iron, zinc, manganese microelement peanut micro fertilizer special 15kg to make base manure equal
It is even to spread fertilizer over the fields；
(3) intensive cultivation is carefully whole: combining base fertilising rotary tillage field 20cm deep before sowing, soil is raked whole thin loose, does not stay weeds, soil
Hand is grabbed agglomerating, is fallen in one meter of eminence and is dissipated naturally, is the suitable soil moisture content of peanut seeding；
(4) ridging is slotted: plot south-north direction ridging, and single ridge is made into Shuangzi ridge, and cross section is round in two connected smaller part,
The high 15cm in ridge, row spacing 55cm, adjacent two ridges spacing 70cm ditch between two ridges, and furrow width 15cm depth 10cm, every ridge middle is opened
The groove of 10cm wide 10cm depth；
(5) it sows overlay film: starting to sow at 12 DEG C or more when 5cm depth soil temperature is stable under mulch, the two of groove among ridge
Three caves are respectively dug in equilateral triangle on the ridge of side, wherein far from groove 5cm among ridge, another cave is another the sub- ridge in two caves in triangle cave
Side, three caves are in equilateral triangle arrangement, and three caves are respectively at a distance of 15cm；Cave close to groove among ridge is arranged in a linear, each adjacent
Hill spacing is from 15cm；Cave is on groove both sides in symmetric arrays, acupoint depth 5cm；A peanut seed, depth of planting are planted in every cave
5cm, after planting with loose earth mulch cave；In each triangle close among ridge among two caves of groove before herbicide spraying and overlay film
45kg/hm is applied in the groove of position2Urea, fertilization depth 10cm cover the soil layer of 3-5cm thickness after fertilising；It is planted in cave
Seed is laterally and longitudinally all separated by a distance from 5cm or more with urea, and seed, above, urea is below, guarantees urea not
Burn seed；Spring Peanut first after planting overlay film punches sowing after Peanut elder generation overlay film；Using 0.004mm, thick, 90cm wide ultra micro can drop
Covering with ground sheeting is solved, groove does not cover press mold soil discontinuously at fertilising among the ridge, so that mulch is close to the arc ground on ridge, with soil
It is compacted at mulch surrounding and hole；
(6) put seedling in time: rupture of membranes puts seedling in time before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock of afternoon in the morning after emergence, and is blossomed with soil edge
Mulch is compacted around raw seedling rhizome；
(7) Synthetical prevention: the herbicide spraying before covering mulch, with 75% Acetochlor lotion 1125-1500ml/hm of mass concentration2
It is watered 600kg uniformly to spray ridge face, sprays a herbicide again on the exposed ground of ridge inter-drain after overlay film；Work as peanut plant
When having prosperous growth trend, sprayed using paclobutrazol or uniconazole P；Suited the medicine to the illness in peanut plant growth course according to disease and is administered.
2. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when peanut plant grows to 30-
When 40cm has prosperous growth trend, with 15% paclobutrazol 0.75kg/hm of mass concentration2Dilute 300 times of liquid or uniconazole P 0.6kg/hm2It is watered
450kg is sprayed.
3. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in rust early stage or opening
Flower knit stitch phase 75% Bravo of mass concentration, 800 times of liquid or mass concentration 65% zineb, 400 times of liquid spray prevention and treatment.
4. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in leaf spot early stage matter
Measure 70% thiophanate wettable powder of concentration, 1000 times of liquid 900-1125kg/hm2Spray prevention and treatment.
5. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in bacterial wilt early stage matter
Measure the 800 times of liquid irrigating root prevention and treatments of 72% 4000 times of liquid of agricultural streptomycin sulphate of concentration and copper oxychloride.
6. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use Jing Gang before the onset of banded sclerotial blight
600 times of liquid of mycin spray prevention and treatment.
7. peanut full stand strong sprout cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the family in base manure
It is substituted with organic fertilizer 15000kg Chicken dung 1500kg.
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| CN107517684A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-12-29 | 商都县科技特派员工作站 | A kind of nonirrigated farmland film-covering planting method of crops |
| CN108142166A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-06-12 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of irrigation method suitable for industrialized agriculture |
| CN110115123B (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2022-02-08 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | Multi-row mechanical mulching and sowing method for biodegradable water-seepage mulching film ridge back micro-furrows |
| CN110692474A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-17 | 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Peanut seed fertilizer simultaneous sowing method |
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