CN105676470B - A kind of visual spatial resolution enhancement method and system of three-dimensional scenic - Google Patents
A kind of visual spatial resolution enhancement method and system of three-dimensional scenic Download PDFInfo
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- CN105676470B CN105676470B CN201610173980.4A CN201610173980A CN105676470B CN 105676470 B CN105676470 B CN 105676470B CN 201610173980 A CN201610173980 A CN 201610173980A CN 105676470 B CN105676470 B CN 105676470B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of visual spatial resolution enhancement method and system of three-dimensional scenic.This method includes：Specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered, obtains the member figure of the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane；The spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane is obtained, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame；By the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；The subsequence frame of the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency.The Enhancement Method and system of the visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic provided by the invention, by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution for obtaining three-dimensional scenic, and the subsequence frame of the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency, the fusion of subsequence frame is realized using the integral characteristic of human eye, under conditions of hardware spending is not increased, enhance the visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic, there is provided intend genuine 3D effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the visual spatial resolution enhancement of 3D display technical field, more particularly to a kind of three-dimensional scenic
Method and system.
Background technology
The object that human eye is seen in nature is all the 3D form of expression, however be currently being widely used display can only
There is provided plane picture, it is impossible to provide real visual experience.With the continuous development of 3D vision techniques, stereoscopic display increasingly into
For the key of following Display Technique development.Human eye can perceive three dimensions so as to produce from the retinal image of two-dimensional space plane
Raw depth intuition, the hint dependent on Depth cue.The three-dimensional scenic display methods being commonly used includes being based on binocular vision
Stereoscopic imaging technology, holographic imaging technology and integration imaging technology of difference etc..
The technology realization of three-dimensional display system based on binocular parallax is simple with hardware requirement, using split screen display available device and thoroughly
Mirror realizes that being at present being capable of widely used 3D display technology.Its principle is by coloured filter, polarizer and electronics
Switching channels are that observer's right and left eyes provide corresponding anaglyph respectively, using various passages respectively by left eye and the figure of right eye
As being presented to eyes, such as VR glasses Oculus Rift etc..But this stereo display technique can only meet to be based on binocular parallax
Depth cue, it is impossible to provide with physical third dimension 3D visual experiences.
Holographic imaging technology, which has, records and reproduces two processes.First with principle of interference by the amplitude and phase of light wave
Information record works as the reproducible three-dimensional scenic of light-wave irradiation medium in media as well, according to diffraction principle.Due to remaining original object light
The whole amplitudes and phase information of ripple, therefore reconstruction of scenes has identical three-dimensional character with former scene, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide it is complete
Depth cue.But because the recording process requirement of laser hologram uses coherent source, often operated under dark room conditions, together
When also require that equipment has the stability of height, these all greatly limit its application.Laser holography is only at present
It is limited to record static object, and the color gamut shown is limited, thus holographic 3D display is not suitable for regarding for requirements at the higher level
Frequency communicates and needs the display system handled in real time.
Integration imaging technology, which equally has, records and reproduces two processes.First with microlens array to spatial scene into
As record, CCD be located at lens array focal plane and obtains light field, the generation of each lenslet correspond to different visual angles three-dimensional scenic into
As being member figure.Then using having same parameter microlens array, according to light path principle, microlens array transmits member figure
Light-ray condensing reduction out, so as to reconstruct scene in front of lens array.Integration imaging technology can meet major part
Depth cue, by being rendered to obtain light field to three-dimensional scenic, directly it can realize three-dimensional scenic using microlens array
Reproducing processes.But first figure of different visual angles is presented simultaneously on the screen at the same can cause visual spatial resolution by serious
Limitation, shows unsharp 3-D effect.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The existing visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic display methods
The problem of low, high to hardware condition requirement.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of resolution enhancement methods of three-dimensional scenic, should
Method includes：
Specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered, obtains the member figure of the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic, the difference regards
The element pattern at angle is into light field plane；
The spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane is obtained, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame；
By the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；
The subsequence frame of the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency.
Alternatively, it is described specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered including：
Using the photocentre position of each lenticule in microlens array as ray origin, light is carried out to specific three-dimensional scenic
Line tracking renders.
Alternatively, the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light for obtaining the light field plane includes：
Over-sampling is carried out to the throw light of the light field plane, obtains the radio-frequency head of the throw light of the light field plane
The spatial cue divided.
Alternatively, it is described by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution, including：
Human eye vision response model is established, is divided the high-resolution frame that renders according to the human eye vision response model
Solve the subsequence frame for low resolution.
Alternatively, the high refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
Another aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of strengthening system of three-dimensional scenic resolution ratio, and the system includes：
Three-dimensional scenic rendering unit, for being rendered to specific three-dimensional scenic, obtain the difference of the three-dimensional scenic
The member figure at visual angle, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane；
High-resolution renders frame acquiring unit, and the HFS for obtaining the throw light of the light field plane renders letter
Breath, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame；
Subsequence frame acquiring unit, by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；
Subsequence frame display unit, for showing the subsequence frame of the low resolution with high refreshing frequency.
Alternatively, the three-dimensional scenic rendering unit, is further used for：With the light of each lenticule in microlens array
Heart position is ray origin, and carrying out ray tracing to specific three-dimensional scenic renders, and obtains the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic
Member figure, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane.
Alternatively, the high-resolution renders frame acquiring unit, is further used for：To the throw light of the light field plane
Over-sampling is carried out, obtains the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane, obtains high-resolution render
Frame.
Alternatively, the subsequence frame acquiring unit, is further used for：Human eye vision response model is established, according to described
Human eye vision response model is by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution.
Alternatively, the high refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
The Enhancement Method and system of the visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic provided by the invention, by obtaining three dimensional field
The high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution of scape, and the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency
Subsequence frame, the fusion of subsequence frame is realized using the integral characteristic of human eye, under conditions of hardware spending is not increased, enhanced
The visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic, there is provided intend genuine 3D effect.
Brief description of the drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood by reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematically without that should manage
Solve to carry out any restrictions to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the flow of the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of the three-dimensional scenic of one embodiment of the invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 a show that the ray tracing of one embodiment of the invention renders the schematic diagram of the light projection method of light field；Figure
2b shows the schematic diagram of the light field plane for rendering to obtain of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the spatial cue of the HFS of the acquisition throw light of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the stream of the strengthening system of the visual spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scenic of one embodiment of the invention
Journey schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the flow of the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of the three-dimensional scenic of one embodiment of the invention
Schematic diagram.As shown in figure 1, the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of the three-dimensional scenic of the embodiment, including：
S11：Specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered, obtain the three-dimensional scenic different visual angles member figure, it is described not
Element pattern with visual angle is into light field plane；
S12：The spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane is obtained, obtains high-resolution render
Frame；
S13：By the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；
S14：The subsequence frame of the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency.
The Enhancement Method of the visual spatial resolution of three-dimensional scenic of the present embodiment, by the high score for obtaining three-dimensional scenic
The subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution of resolution, and show with high refreshing frequency the subsequence of the low resolution
Frame, the fusion of subsequence frame is realized using the integral characteristic of human eye, under conditions of hardware spending is not increased, enhance three dimensional field
The visual spatial resolution of scape, there is provided intend genuine 3D effect.
In a kind of optional embodiment, it is described specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered including：
Using the photocentre position of each lenticule in microlens array as ray origin, light is carried out to specific three-dimensional scenic
Line tracking renders.
Fig. 2 a show that the ray tracing of one embodiment of the invention renders the schematic diagram of the light projection method of light field；Figure
2b shows the schematic diagram of the light field plane for rendering to obtain of one embodiment of the invention.Traditional ray tracing is rendered into framework to enter
Row extension, is rendered as ray origin using the photocentre position of each lenticule in microlens array, generates different visual angles
Element pattern corresponds into light field plane, member figure with lenticule.
It should be noted that ray tracing renders light field except the authenticity in view of ray tracing technology rendering effect,
Rendering result can also be obtained by disposable throw light simultaneously for various visual angles light field plane.Specifically, throw light
Starting point be arranged to corresponding microlens array feel terribly worried array when, from feel terribly worried array simultaneously throw light can render to obtain with it is micro-
Mirror correspondingly observed by first image array, covering lenticule, and the reproduction of integration imaging principle is realized by light path principle
Process, visually restore 3-D scenes.
Further, the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light for obtaining the light field plane includes：
Over-sampling is carried out to the throw light of the light field plane, obtains the radio-frequency head of the throw light of the light field plane
The spatial cue divided.
Generally in ray tracing render process, throw light, which carries out over-sampling, can reduce sawtooth effect, and utilization is identical
Principle carries out over-sampling to throw light can obtain the spatial cue of HFS.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the spatial cue of the HFS of the acquisition throw light of one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, to improve 4 times of resolution ratio as target, sub-pix information is obtained with 4 times of over-samplings to the light of a pixel projection
(A, B, C, D are four sub-pixs)；Under conditions of hardware spending is not increased, for changing over time slow three-dimensional scenic
Light projection can be carried out frame by frame.
It should be noted that because monitor resolution currently used in light field display system is limited, in a display
The light field plane that various visual angles are presented in plane simultaneously inevitably limits the resolution ratio of first figure.Assuming that a pixel only projects
One light, the high-frequency information of first figure will be lost, and it is M × N now to obtain first figure resolution ratio.Balance ray tracing renders calculating
The quality of image is measured and renders, it is target that selection, which improves 4 times of display resolution,.As shown in figure 3, by being carried out to throw light
Sampling, the resolution ratio that can obtain rendering result reach 2M × 2N, and each pixel is divided into 4 subpixel regions and projection one
Bar or a plurality of light.
Further, it is described by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution, including：
Human eye vision response model is established, is divided the high-resolution frame that renders according to the human eye vision response model
Solve the subsequence frame for low resolution.
It should be noted that law is held in the palm according to Talbert-pula, when display frequency exceedes critical flicker frequency and sparkles
When the mean flow rate of light is identical with the brightness for stablizing light, human eye will produce the sensation of fusion, it is impossible to distinguish flicker；It is special according to this
Property, human eye vision response is modeled, obtains response integral function of the human eye under high frame per second state, high-resolution is rendered
As a result decomposed according to function, it is that target obtains 2 frame low resolution subsequence frames to improve 4 times with resolution ratio.
In actual applications, due to the limitation of hardware display platform resolution ratio, the high-resolution rendering result of acquisition can not
Directly display out.It is known when image pixel be in high frequency change state when, human visual system is to adjacent pixel in time domain
Integrated, so as to visually produce new pixel value.Shifted using sub-pix of the pixel under high frequency state, observer can
Experienced with obtaining the high resolution vision comprising sub-pix information.When refreshing frequency is close to critical flicker frequency, human eye is to fast
The response made of speed change can be ignored, and now retinal responses can be approximated to be pixel value having over time and space
Limit weighted integral.It is uniformly distributed assuming that retina perceives cell, when retina perceptron, which responds matching high-resolution, renders frame,
High-resolution can be rendered by frame by retinal responses function and be decomposed into low resolution subsequence frame.To improve 4 times of resolution ratio
For target when, can simplify integration weights be 0.5, obtain following relational expression：
Wherein, Hp(x, y) represents to be located at the high-resolution pixel value that (x, y) place renders to obtain,Represent t frames
Positioned at the low-resolution pixel value of (x, y).
Following double Matrix with Central Symmetry equation forms can be expressed as：
H=W1aL1W1b+W2aL2W2b
Wherein, H is the matrix form of higher resolution frame
Wherein, W1a、W1b、W2aAnd W2bAll it is the expression matrix form of weights.
It can be tried to achieve by solving above-mentioned equation and decompose the obtained continuous low resolution of two frames and render frame L1And L2。
Further, the high refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
In actual applications, the refresh rate of regular display is 60Hz, and subsequence frame shows that speed is when being decomposed into 2 frame
30Hz, close to human eye critical flicker frequency；If can be analyzed to 3 frames using the high refresh rate displays of 120Hz, subsequence shows speed
Human eye flicker frequency is more approached for 40Hz.
The visual spatial resolution enhancement method of the three-dimensional scenic of the present embodiment, utilizes improved ray tracing technology
Multi-view image is rendered, the high-resolution with large viewing is obtained under conditions of hardware spending is not increased and renders frame；Together
Shi Liyong human visual systems are modeled, and high-resolution is rendered into frame is decomposed into low resolution according to retina reaction functions
Subsequence frame；Subsequence frame is finally shown with high refresh rate, realizes fusion using the integral characteristic of human eye so that observer is formed
Visual effect with higher spatial resolution.Than existing design, the present invention can effectively overcome 3D light fields display system by
The problem of causing effective resolution to decline in multi-view image is presented simultaneously, utilizes human eye vision system under existing hardware level
System characteristic effectively improves visual spatial resolution.
Fig. 4 shows the stream of the strengthening system of the visual spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scenic of one embodiment of the invention
Journey schematic diagram.As shown in figure 4, the strengthening system of the visual spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scenic of the embodiment includes：
Three-dimensional scenic rendering unit 41, for being rendered to specific three-dimensional scenic, obtain the three-dimensional scenic not
With the member figure at visual angle, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane；
High-resolution renders frame acquiring unit 42, and the HFS for obtaining the throw light of the light field plane renders letter
Breath, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame；
Subsequence frame acquiring unit 43, by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；
Subsequence frame display unit 44, for showing the subsequence frame of the low resolution with high refreshing frequency.
In a kind of optional embodiment, the three-dimensional scenic rendering unit, it is further used for：With in microlens array
The photocentre position of each lenticule is ray origin, and carrying out ray tracing to specific three-dimensional scenic renders, and obtains described three
Tie up the member figure of the different visual angles of scene, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane.
The high-resolution renders frame acquiring unit, is further used for：The throw light of the light field plane was carried out
Sampling, the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane is obtained, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame.
The subsequence frame acquiring unit, is further used for：Human eye vision response model is established, according to the human eye vision
Response model is by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution.
The high refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
The visual spatial resolution enhancement system of three-dimensional scenic described in the present embodiment can be used for performing above-mentioned side
Method embodiment, its principle is similar with technique effect, and here is omitted.
The Enhancement Method and system of three-dimensional scenic resolution ratio provided by the invention, by the high-resolution for obtaining three-dimensional scenic
The subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution, and show with high refreshing frequency the subsequence frame of the low resolution, profit
The fusion of subsequence frame is realized with the integral characteristic of human eye, under conditions of hardware spending is not increased, enhances three-dimensional scenic
Visual spatial resolution, there is provided intend genuine 3D effect.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can not depart from this hair
Various modifications and variations are made in the case of bright spirit and scope, such modifications and variations are each fallen within by appended claims
Within limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of visual spatial resolution enhancement method of three-dimensional scenic, it is characterised in that including：
Specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered, obtains the member figure of the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic, the different visual angles
Element pattern is into light field plane；
The spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane is obtained, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame；
By the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution, including：Human eye vision response model is established,
According to the human eye vision response model by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution；
The subsequence frame of the low resolution is shown with high refreshing frequency.
2. the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Specific three-dimensional scenic is rendered including：
Using the photocentre position of each lenticule in microlens array as ray origin, light is carried out to specific three-dimensional scenic and chased after
Track renders.
3. the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Obtaining the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane includes：
Over-sampling is carried out to the throw light of the light field plane, obtains the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane
Spatial cue.
4. the visual spatial resolution enhancement method of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
High refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
A kind of 5. visual spatial resolution enhancement system of three-dimensional scenic, it is characterised in that including：
Three-dimensional scenic rendering unit, for being rendered to specific three-dimensional scenic, obtain the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic
Member figure, the element patterns of the different visual angles is into light field plane；
High-resolution renders frame acquiring unit, obtains the spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of the light field plane, obtains
Take and high-resolution render frame；
Subsequence frame acquiring unit, by the high-resolution subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution, the sub- sequence
Row frame acquiring unit is further used for：Human eye vision response model is established, according to the human eye vision response model by the height
The subsequence frame for rendering frame and being decomposed into low resolution of resolution ratio；
Subsequence frame display unit, for showing the subsequence frame of the low resolution with high refreshing frequency.
6. the visual spatial resolution enhancement system of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described
Three-dimensional scenic rendering unit, is further used for：It is right using the photocentre position of each lenticule in microlens array as ray origin
Specific three-dimensional scenic carries out ray tracing and rendered, and obtains the member figure of the different visual angles of the three-dimensional scenic, the different visual angles
Element pattern into light field plane.
7. the visual spatial resolution enhancement system of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described
High-resolution renders frame acquiring unit, is further used for：Over-sampling is carried out to the throw light of the light field plane, described in acquisition
The spatial cue of the HFS of the throw light of light field plane, acquisition is high-resolution to render frame.
8. the visual spatial resolution enhancement system of three-dimensional scenic according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described
High refreshing frequency is more than human eye critical flicker frequency.
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