CN108495117B - Holographic image multi-view processing conversion and display method and equipment - Google Patents

Holographic image multi-view processing conversion and display method and equipment Download PDF

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CN108495117B
CN108495117B CN201810270427.1A CN201810270427A CN108495117B CN 108495117 B CN108495117 B CN 108495117B CN 201810270427 A CN201810270427 A CN 201810270427A CN 108495117 B CN108495117 B CN 108495117B
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谢永明
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Hong Kong Shinning Cloud Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a holographic image multi-view processing conversion method, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring depth image data according to the original image; (2) acquiring holographic image data according to the depth image data, wherein the holographic image data comprises Z X visual angle graphs with Z rows and X columns and continuous Z X visual angles, and (3) averagely extracting the Z X visual angle graphs according to the requirements of the holographic display device to obtain M N uniform visual angle graphs as visual angle computation graphs. Compared with the prior art, the method generates a plurality of view angle graphs with continuous view angles through the depth image data, extracts the view angle graphs with the required number and uniformity from the view angle graphs as the view angle calculation graphs, ensures the arrangement adaptability of the holographic display equipment on various three-dimensional displays from 2 view angles to N view angles to M x N, and can be used for different holographic display equipment. The invention also discloses a corresponding holographic image display method and equipment.

Description

Holographic image multi-view processing conversion and display method and equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to a holographic system, in particular to a holographic arrangement image in a holographic image, a display method and equipment.
Background
A known hologram image display device has a hologram feeling caused by an image viewer observing an image having a correct parallax binocular. The display device can be simply divided into a glasses system and a naked eye system in terms of appearance, the glasses system directly inputs parallax images to left and right eyes, and the naked eye system is a holographic display device that is observed without glasses.
The glasses holographic system adopts a separated (active and passive) mode, so that the right and left views can be observed in a binocular manner, and the problem of holographic image arrangement does not exist. In the holographic image display device of the naked eye system, except the holographic projection device, the rest of the holographic image display device can be classified as a free holographic image display device, and the principle is that a two-dimensional image obtained by a specific arrangement algorithm is shielded or refracted through an optical separation unit, so that a viewer can see an accurate parallax image, and holographic feeling is generated.
The naked eye free holographic display based on the binocular vision principle is mainly a grating free holographic display. The working principle is that the holographic grating is additionally arranged on the 2D display, and the holographic grating is mainly divided into two types: lenticular gratings and slit gratings. And through the holographic grating, the M-view angle holographic views displayed on the display sub-pixels are accurately projected to the left eye and the right eye of a viewer, so that the accurate display of the holographic image is realized. In addition, a new naked eye free holographic technology is provided, the transverse and longitudinal bidirectional holography is realized by utilizing the backlight of the display screen and a proper light splitting technology, so that a viewer can see correct holographic effects at different angles of the display screen, and the unidirectional holographic effect of the original grating free holographic display screen is expanded.
However, in the existing hardware device for holographic display of a flat panel screen, a set of relatively independent and closed holographic image arrangement algorithm is required between different holographic display devices, so that different holographic display devices need separate processing methods for generating a multi-view.
Therefore, there is a need for a holographic image multi-view processing and converting method suitable for different holographic display devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a holographic image arraying method and equipment, which can be used among different holographic display equipment by generating a plurality of visual angle images with continuous visual angles and acquiring a required visual angle image from the visual angle images as a visual angle calculation image according to three-dimensional parameters of the holographic display equipment, so that the corresponding equipment can be applied to various different holographic display equipment and has wide applicability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hologram image display method and apparatus, by generating a plurality of view angle maps having consecutive view angles and acquiring a desired view angle map from the view angle maps as a view angle calculation map according to a stereoscopic parameter of the hologram display apparatus
In order to realize the aim, the invention discloses a holographic image multi-view processing and converting method, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring depth image data according to the original image; (2) acquiring holographic image data according to the depth image data, wherein the holographic image data comprises Z X X visual angle graphs with Z rows and X columns, Z is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and X is an integer larger than or equal to 2; (3) extracting M X N view maps from Z X view maps as view calculation maps according to the requirements of the holographic display device, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to X, M is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Z, and the specific steps comprise: and averagely extracting M rows of uniform view angle diagrams from the Z row view angle diagrams, averagely extracting N columns of uniform view angle diagrams from the X column view angle diagrams, and acquiring M X N view angle diagrams of the extracted corresponding rows and columns as view angle calculation diagrams required by the holographic display device.
Compared with the prior art, the method generates a plurality of view angle graphs with continuous view angles through the depth image data, extracts the view angle graphs with the required number and uniformity from the view angle graphs as the view angle calculation graphs, ensures the arrangement adaptability of the holographic display equipment on various three-dimensional displays from 2 view angles to N view angles to M x N, and can be used for different holographic display equipment.
Preferably, in the step (3), when M is equal to 1, a view angle map of a line at the middle most or near the middle in the Z lines is acquired as a uniform view angle map of M lines; and when N is equal to 2, acquiring the 1 st column and the X th column of the Z X X visual angle diagrams as the visual angle diagrams of the N columns.
Preferably, Z is less than or equal to 256 and X is less than or equal to 256.
Preferably, the step (2) includes: (21) establishing a light field model according to the depth image data, wherein the light field model comprises at least one display surface, a 3D image positioned in front of the display surface and a corresponding observation surface positioned in front of the 3D image, the observation surface is divided into Z X virtual visual angles, a plurality of ray models which are emitted from the display surface and pass through each pixel point of the 3D image to each virtual visual angle are established by taking the display surface as an illumination starting point, and a vector of a ray passing through the pixel point is determined according to the light intensity of the corresponding pixel point, so that simulated light field data comprising angle, position and length data of the plurality of rays is obtained; (22) generating the holographic image data from the simulated light field data. The light field model is used as an image processing framework, the positions and the number of the virtual visual angles can be flexibly set, and continuous Z X virtual visual angles can be rapidly and correctly generated, so that a visual angle diagram with continuous Z X visual angles is obtained.
Preferably, in the step (21), the 3D image has N pixels, three-dimensional coordinates (X, y, Z) of the N pixels are respectively determined, and a polar coordinate (θ, ∅) from each pixel to each virtual viewing angle is respectively determined, so as to obtain a five-dimensional plenoptic function I (X, y, Z, θ, ∅) of the N × Z × X light rays, where a vector size of the five-dimensional plenoptic function I (X, y, Z, θ, ∅) corresponds to a light intensity of the corresponding pixel, so as to obtain light field simulation data of the 3D image. On the basis that the traditional stereo solution only calculates a spatial structure, a solution process of direction angle (theta, ∅) vectors is added, so that a real light field of a 3D scene is simulated, and light intensity is extracted to serve as another parameter of a 3D image for displaying the 3D image.
Preferably, when the original image is a 2D original image, the step (1) includes: according to experience, the 2D original image is subjected to spatial division according to depth to generate a spatial relation reference image, the 2D original image is layered according to the spatial relation reference image, and the layered original image is optimized to obtain depth image data; when the original image is a 3D original image, the step (1) includes: layering the 3D original image according to the depth according to different view angle images of the 3D original image, and optimizing the layered original image to obtain depth image data. Compared with the traditional deep solution algorithm, the method has the advantages that the spatial relation reference graph is used in the solving process of the 2D graph to help obtain more accurate spatial relation, and the spatial relation reference graph is a result of continuous optimization of the server side through a machine learning method. Compared with the traditional manual mode, the solving process is quicker; in the aspect of automatic solving, the accuracy and precision of the space are greatly improved compared with other methods.
The invention also discloses a holographic image display method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a view calculation chart according to the holographic image multi-view processing conversion method; and carrying out three-dimensional calculation and arrangement according to the three-dimensional parameters and the view angle calculation diagram of the holographic display equipment to obtain a holographic three-dimensional image, and pushing the holographic three-dimensional image to the holographic display equipment for display.
Compared with the prior art, the method generates a plurality of view angle images with continuous view angles through the depth image data, acquires the required view angle images from the view angle images as view angle calculation images according to the three-dimensional parameters of the holographic display equipment, performs three-dimensional calculation image arrangement according to the three-dimensional parameters of the holographic display equipment and the view angle calculation images to obtain holographic three-dimensional images, and can obtain images closer to real 3D, so that the holographic image arrangement method can be used among different holographic display equipment.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs including instructions for performing the above-described holographic image multi-perspective processing conversion method.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: a holographic screen with known stereoscopic parameters; one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs comprising instructions for performing the holographic image display method described above.
The invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, the computer program being executable by a processor to perform the instructions of the holographic image multi-perspective processing transformation method described above.
The invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, the computer program being executable by a processor to perform the instructions of the holographic image display method described above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a holographic image multi-view processing conversion method according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light field model according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of depth processing on a 2D image.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of depth processing on a 3D image.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a holographic image display method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a holographic image multi-view processing and converting method 100, comprising the following steps: (11) acquiring depth image data according to the original image; (12) acquiring holographic image data according to the depth image data, wherein the holographic image data comprises Z X X visual angle graphs with Z rows and X columns, Z is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and X is an integer larger than or equal to 2; (13) extracting M X N view maps needed by the holographic display device from Z X view maps as view calculation maps according to the needs of the holographic display device, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to X, M is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Z, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and averagely extracting M rows of uniform view angle diagrams from the Z row view angle diagrams, averagely extracting N columns of uniform view angle diagrams from the X column view angle diagrams, and acquiring M X N view angle diagrams of the extracted corresponding rows and columns as view angle calculation diagrams required by the holographic display device. According to the method, the view maps with continuous multiple views are generated through the depth image data, the required view map is acquired from the view map according to the three-dimensional parameters of the holographic display equipment and is used as the view calculation map, the arrangement adaptability of the holographic display equipment on various three-dimensional displays from 2 views to N views to M x N is guaranteed, and the holographic arrangement method can be used among different holographic display equipment. The requirements of the holographic display device can be determined according to the specific display mode of the holographic display device, the number of required view angle maps and the like. In this embodiment, Z equals 256 and X equals 256. Wherein, the visual angle continuously comprises the following conditions: the Z rows of visual angles are arranged at equal intervals, and adjacent rows are arranged at equal intervals, or the X columns of visual angles are arranged at equal intervals, and adjacent columns are arranged at equal intervals, or the Z rows of visual angles are arranged at equal intervals, and the X columns of visual angles are arranged at equal intervals. Of course, Z may be other integers greater than 1 and less than 256, such as 2 and 128, and X may also be other integers greater than 2 and less than 256, such as 128.
In the step (3), when M is equal to 1, the view angle diagram of the line at the middle or near the middle of the Z lines is acquired as a uniform view angle diagram of the M lines, that is, the view angle diagram of the 128 th line is taken. And when N is equal to 2, acquiring the 1 st column and the X th column of the Z X X visual angle diagrams as the visual angle diagrams of the N columns, namely acquiring the 128 th column of the visual angle diagrams. If M =1 and N =2, the view angle diagram of the 128 th row and the 128 th column is taken.
In step (3), when N =5 and M =1, the 5 perspective views of the 1 st, 65 th, 129 th, 192 th and 256 th columns of 128 rows are taken.
Preferably, the step (2) includes: (21) establishing a light field model according to the depth image data to obtain simulated light field data; (22) generating the holographic image data from the simulated light field data. The light field model is used as an image processing framework, the positions and the number of the virtual visual angles can be flexibly set, and continuous Z X virtual visual angles can be rapidly and correctly generated, so that a visual angle diagram with continuous Z X visual angles is obtained.
Referring to fig. 2, the light field model includes a display plane a, a 3D image located in front of the display plane a, and a corresponding observation plane B located in front of the 3D image, the observation plane B is divided into Z X virtual views with consecutive views, the 3D image has L pixel points, rays emitted from the display plane a through the pixel points D to a virtual view Q are established with the display plane a as an illumination starting point, rays emitted from the display plane a to each pixel point in the 3D image to each virtual view are sequentially established, so that a ray model of Z X L rays is obtained, vectors passing through several ray models are determined according to light intensities of corresponding pixel points, so that a five-dimensional plenoptic function I (X, y, Z, θ, ∅) of Z X L rays, that is, simulated light field data, (X, y, z) is the three-dimensional coordinates of the pixel point, and (θ, ∅) is the polar coordinates of the pixel point to the virtual perspective. Of course, the display plane may be a curved surface, or a surface corresponding to the hologram screen. The observation plane can be a plane or a curved surface.
Referring to fig. 3, when the original image is a 2D original image, the step (11) includes: the 2D original image is subjected to spatial division according to depth according to experience to generate a spatial relation reference image, the 2D original image is layered according to the spatial relation reference image to obtain a rough depth image, and the rough depth image is optimized to obtain a depth image. The spatial relationship reference image is image space division (the depth of each space in the image is determined by strokes of different depths) performed according to experience, and the rough depth image is determined on the continuity of a color space according to the pixel where the stroke is located, so that the whole image is divided hierarchically. And the optimization is to obtain a depth image which is more consistent with the original image space structure (less errors and more details) after an image optimization with a machine learning process (mainly operations of hole filling, space over optimization, error repairing, detail repairing and the like).
Referring to fig. 4, when the original image is a 3D original image, the step (1) includes: layering the 3D original image according to the depth according to different view angle images of the 3D original image to obtain a rough depth image, and optimizing the rough depth image to obtain a depth image. The optimizing of the layered original image specifically includes hole filling, spatial over optimization, error repair and/or detail repair of the layered original image to obtain depth image data.
Referring to fig. 5, the present invention also discloses a holographic image display method 200, comprising: (11) acquiring depth image data according to the original image; (12) acquiring holographic image data according to the depth image data, wherein the holographic image data comprises Z X continuous visual angle graphs of Z rows and X columns, and Z, X are integers which are more than or equal to 2; (13) extracting M X N view maps from Z X X view maps as view calculation maps according to the requirements of the holographic display device; (14) performing stereo calculation layout according to the stereo parameters and the view angle calculation diagram of the holographic display equipment to obtain a holographic stereo image; (15) and pushing the holographic stereoscopic image to the holographic display equipment for display.
The holographic display device can be a grating holographic display device, and the grating holographic display device is mainly divided into two types: a lenticular grating holographic display device and a slit grating holographic display device.
For the lenticular grating holographic display device, some holographic parameters of the free holographic display, such as pixel arrangement period, pixel horizontal offset value, grating pitch, grating horizontal offset and the like, are needed to perform the stereographic calculation arrangement so as to generate the holographic stereo image corresponding to the lenticular grating free holographic display device.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs including instructions for performing the above-described holographic image multi-perspective processing conversion method.
The invention also discloses an electronic device, comprising: a holographic screen with known stereoscopic parameters; one or more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs comprising instructions for performing the holographic image display method described above.
The invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, the computer program being executable by a processor to perform the instructions of the holographic image multi-perspective processing transformation method described above.
The invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, the computer program being executable by a processor to perform the instructions of the holographic image display method described above.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A holographic image multi-view processing conversion method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) acquiring depth image data according to the original image;
(2) acquiring holographic image data according to the depth image data, wherein the holographic image data comprises Z X X visual angle graphs with Z rows and X columns, Z is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and X is an integer larger than or equal to 2;
(3) averagely extracting M rows of view angle diagrams N columns of view angle diagrams from Z rows of view angle diagrams X columns of view angle diagrams according to the number of the view angle diagrams required by the holographic display device as view angle calculation diagrams, wherein N is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to X, M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Z, and the specific steps comprise: averagely extracting M rows of uniform view angle diagrams from the Z row view angle diagrams, averagely extracting N columns of uniform view angle diagrams from the X column view angle diagrams, and acquiring M X N view angle diagrams of the extracted corresponding rows and columns as view angle calculation diagrams required by the holographic display device; wherein the step (2) comprises: (21) establishing a light field model according to the depth image data, wherein the light field model comprises at least one display surface, a 3D image positioned in front of the display surface and a corresponding observation surface positioned in front of the 3D image, the observation surface is divided into Z X virtual visual angles, a plurality of ray models which are emitted from the display surface and pass through each pixel point of the 3D image to each virtual visual angle are established by taking the display surface as an illumination starting point, and a vector of a ray passing through the pixel point is determined according to the light intensity of the corresponding pixel point, so that simulated light field data comprising angle, position and length data of the plurality of rays is obtained; (22) generating the holographic image data from the simulated light field data.
2. The hologram image multi-view processing conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), when M is equal to 1, acquiring a view angle diagram of a line at the middle most or close to the middle in the Z lines as a uniform view angle diagram of the M lines; and when N is equal to 2, acquiring the 1 st column and the X th column of the Z X X visual angle diagrams as the visual angle diagrams of the N columns.
3. The hologram image multi-view processing conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: z is less than or equal to 256, and X is less than or equal to 256.
4. The multi-view processing conversion method of a hologram image according to claim 1,the method is characterized in that: in the step (21), the 3D image has N pixel points, three-dimensional coordinates (x, y, z) of the N pixel points are respectively determined, and polar coordinates from each pixel point to each virtual viewing angle are respectively determined
Figure FDA0002539718930000021
Thereby obtaining a five-dimensional plenoptic function I of N X Z X rays
Figure FDA0002539718930000022
Wherein a five-dimensional plenoptic function I
Figure FDA0002539718930000023
The vector size of (2) corresponds to the light intensity of the corresponding pixel point, so that light field simulation data of the 3D image is obtained.
5. The hologram image multi-view processing conversion method according to claim 1, wherein: when the original image is a 2D original image, the step (1) includes: according to experience, the 2D original image is subjected to spatial division according to depth to generate a spatial relation reference image, the 2D original image is layered according to the spatial relation reference image, and the layered original image is optimized to obtain depth image data; when the original image is a 3D original image, the step (1) includes: layering the 3D original image according to the depth according to different view angle images of the 3D original image, and optimizing the layered original image to obtain depth image data.
6. A holographic image display method, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a view calculation map according to the holographic image multi-view processing conversion method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; and carrying out three-dimensional calculation and arrangement according to the three-dimensional parameters and the view angle calculation diagram of the holographic display equipment to obtain a holographic three-dimensional image, and pushing the holographic three-dimensional image to the holographic display equipment for display.
7. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory; and
one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs comprising instructions for performing the holographic image multi-perspective processing conversion method of any of claims 1-5.
8. An electronic device, comprising:
a holographic screen with known stereoscopic parameters;
one or more processors;
a memory; and
one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs comprising instructions for performing the holographic image display method as claimed in claim 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, characterized in that: the computer program is executable by a processor to execute the instructions of the holographic image multi-view processing conversion method according to any of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer readable storage medium comprising a computer program for use in conjunction with an electronic device having a memory, characterized in that: the computer program is executable by a processor to execute instructions of the holographic image display method as claimed in claim 6.
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