CN103809293B - 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel - Google Patents
3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Provide a kind of 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel, including the thin display panels of common 2D and microlens array, microlens array covers the common thin display panels of 2D, sub-pixel is watched by the array of lenticule, wherein, three contiguous microlens in microlens array are with triangular shaped arrangement or with oblique line shaped formation, and the sub-pixel colors watched by three lenticules have three primary colors respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional (3D) display, more particularly, it is related to the 3D display based on sub-pixel integration imaging.
Background technology
3D display in many fields (consumer electronics, medical imaging, industrial instrument etc.) show it is very big
Development potentiality.Several 3D display technologies be present, wherein, due to wearing spectacles 3D display technology inconvenient and easily draw
Visual fatigue is played, therefore bore hole 3D display technology has attracted the attention of many people.
Bore hole 3D display technology includes：Holography, automatic stereo regard method, integration imaging etc..In these bore hole 3D display skills
Among art, holography and integration imaging technology have the distinguishing feature without visual fatigue, are bore hole real tri-dimension Display Techniques.
And than holography, integration imaging technology has without coherent source, without darkroom, to environment without harsh conditions, simple in construction
It is compact, the advantages that showing authentic coloured image, and also because it has relatively small data volume, it cannot be only used for static map
The record of picture reproduces, but also available for the capture and display of dynamic scene in video communication field.Therefore, integrated imaging method
It is considered as the most potential candidate of 3D display of future generation.
Integration imaging technology be it is a kind of three-dimensional scenic is recorded and reproduced using microlens array very three-dimensional naked regard
Free 3 D display technology.It contains record and reproduces two processes.Recording process is exactly by recording microlens array pair
Object space scene imaging, so as to obtain the image primitive array at the multi-faceted visual angle of object space scene.In the process, scene is any one
The parallax information of point is all spread on record and whole recording medium with lenticule number identical image primitive.And reproducing processes are just
It is the image primitive array obtained by record to be placed at the same position of the reproduction microlens array with same parameter, according to light
Road principle of reversibility, reproduce the light-ray condensing that microlens array transmits various image primitives and reduce, then it is micro- in reproduction
The optical model of object space scene is reconstructed in front of lens array, and can be watched in a limited visual angle from any direction
This rebuilds picture.
The viewing characteristic of integration imaging display system is according to display pattern and different.When the other conditions of system are identical,
Narrow viewing angle of the visual angle of realistic model than Virtualization Mode.However, because the reconstruction 3D rendering of realistic model is closer to beholder,
Therefore the sensation of the depth of realistic model is higher than the sensation of the depth of Virtualization Mode certainly.Under focusing mode, integrated image
Depth can be expressed as it is more deeper than other patterns, and because the Pixel Dimensions of image are fixed to the size of basic camera lens, therefore
The resolution ratio of integrated image is lowered.
In order to build compact integration imaging display, LCD and microlens array are typically used.However, when general
Logical LCD passes through corresponding lenticule by use, due to that can have obvious Moire fringe (moir é stripe)
Only see sub-pixel, therefore integration imaging display can not be operated under focusing mode.
Although the big depth bounds of 3D display is preferable, because the Pixel Dimensions of 3D rendering are fixed as basic camera lens
Size, therefore the resolution ratio that the integration imaging under focusing mode is shown is lowered.
U.S. Patent application US 2000/6064424, which is proposed, a kind of to be made up of thin display panel and parallelizing lenses thin slice
Auto-stereoscopic display device.Lenticular sheet is tilted relative to display pixel column to share horizontal direction and point in vertical direction
Resolution reduces, and eliminates the visual of the blackstreak caused by the black covering material between the adjacent column of display element
Property.However, the equipment can only provide horizontal parallax, but the true 3D rendering of reconstructed object is unable to, it is, not being genuine 3D
Display.
U.S. Patent application US 2006/0170616A1 propose a kind of 3D rendering display device, wherein, thin display panel tool
There are special subpixel layouts, so as to which adjacent subpixels have difference in color.Due to the special subpixel layouts, display panel
It can be operated under 2D patterns and 3D patterns, and by the lenticular sheet or barrier of vertical arrangement, can provide in 3 d mode
Higher horizontal resolution.Although it can also be operated in using microlens array under integration imaging pattern, in such a mode
Resolution ratio can not be improved.
U.S. Patent application US 2009/7511716B2 propose a kind of 3D display device for improving resolution ratio and the side of rendering
Method.Display panel has special arrangement of subpixels, and the special arrangement of subpixels has shared sub-pixel colors signal.Accordingly
Optical modem device must be designed to be adapted to subpixel layouts.
Paper " TransCAIP-A Live 3D TV System Using a Camera Array and
anIntegral Photography Display with Interactive Control of Viewing
Parameters " describes a kind of captures of 3D in real time and display system.According to based on the Rendering of image from 64 video phases
Machine produces content.Display panel for integration imaging display has the colour filter of customization, by all of lenticule covering
Sub-pixel has identical primary colors.
Therefore, in the bore hole 3D display of prior art, the 3D display device based on multiple views is changed using ordinary display panel
Enter 3D resolution ratio, but be only capable of providing horizontal parallax, and the 3D display device based on integration imaging uses the colour filter of customization
To improve 3D resolution ratio.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of using ordinary display panel improve 3D resolution ratio based on integration imaging
3D display device system.
To achieve these goals, there is provided a kind of 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel, including common 2D
Thin display panel and microlens array, microlens array cover the common thin display panels of 2D, seen by the array of lenticule
Sub-pixel is seen, wherein, three contiguous microlens in microlens array are arranged or with oblique line shaped formation with triangular shaped, and
And the sub-pixel colors watched by three lenticules have three primary colors respectively.
Preferably, when three contiguous microlens in microlens array are with triangular shaped arrangement, if lenticule has
There is hexagonal shape, then the level interval of lenticule is 2n times of the level interval of sub-pixel, and wherein n=3k+1 or 3k+2, k are
Integer more than or equal to 0.
Preferably, when three contiguous microlens in microlens array are with triangular shaped arrangement, if lenticule has
Have rectangular shape, then the level interval of lenticule be the level interval of sub-pixel 3n+1 or 3n+2 times, wherein, n=2k+1,
K is greater than the integer equal to 0.
Preferably, when three contiguous microlens in microlens array are with oblique line shaped formation, if lenticule has
Rectangular shape, then the level interval of lenticule is n times of the level interval of sub-pixel, wherein, n is greater than the integer equal to 0.
Preferably, the thin display panels of common 2D are matrix display panels, and matrix display panel, which has, to be arranged on row and column
Display element array, and each display element produces pixel, and pixel caused by the common thin display panels of 2D includes color
Three different sub-pixels, and the sub-pixel in same row has same color.
Preferably, microlens array is arranged to only see a sub-pixel by a lenticule, by corresponding micro-
Adjacent three sub-pixel that mirror is seen is red, green and blueness respectively.
Preferably, in the method based on rasterisation, full color directional image, full-color are rendered using parallel projection
As each component of pixel is divided into corresponding sub-pixel according to predetermined sub-pixel mapping matrix.
Preferably, in the method based on ray tracing, ray tracing is performed to each sub-pixel to be led accordingly
Want value of color.
By in following description partly illustrate the present invention it is other in terms of and/or advantage, some is by retouching
State and will be apparent, or the implementation of the present invention can be passed through and learnt.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure for showing 3D integration imaging display devices according to embodiments of the present invention based on sub-pixel is shown
Figure；
The diagram of the example of microlens array arrangement according to embodiments of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 3 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the hexagon microlens array with balance resolution ratio；
Fig. 4 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the hexagon microlens array with uneven resolution ratio；
Fig. 5 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the rectangle microlens array with balance resolution ratio；
Fig. 6 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the rectangle microlens array with uneven resolution ratio；
Fig. 7 is according to embodiments of the present invention on the asymmetric rectangle microlens array with uneven resolution ratio
Diagram；
(a) in Fig. 8 shows the diagram of the embodiment of the method based on rasterisation, and (b) in Fig. 8 shows to chase after based on light
The diagram of the embodiment of the method for track.
Embodiment
Now, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, its example represents in the accompanying drawings, wherein, identical label table all the time
Show identical part.Below by way of embodiment is described with reference to the drawings to explain the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that the structure for showing 3D integration imaging display devices according to embodiments of the present invention based on sub-pixel is shown
Figure.
As shown in figure 1, the thin displays of common 2D are included according to the 3D integration imagings display device based on sub-pixel of the present invention
Panel and microlens array, wherein, microlens array covers the thin display panels of the common 2D and microlens array be arranged in it is aobvious
Show the outlet side of panel.
The common thin display panels of 2D can be matrix display panel, and matrix display panel, which has, to be arranged on row and column
The array of display element, and each display element produces pixel.Pixel caused by the thin display panels of common 2D includes color not
Three same sub-pixels, and the sub-pixel in same row has same color.Microlens array is arranged to by one
Lenticule only sees a sub-pixel.Adjacent three sub-pixel seen by corresponding lenticule be respectively red, green and
Blue (R, G, B), so as to which they can be fused into a colored pixels.
The diagram of the example of microlens array arrangement according to embodiments of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2.
As shown in (a) in Fig. 2, three adjacent hexagon lenticules are with delta (triangle) shaped formation.From Fig. 2
In (a) as can be seen that three sub-pixels seeing by three contiguous microlens are red, green respectively and blue, and
The sub-pixel of red, green and the blueness seen by beholder is equally arranged as delta shapes.
As shown in (b) in Fig. 2, three adjacent rectangle lenticules are with oblique line shaped formation.Can from (b) in Fig. 2
To find out, three sub-pixels seen by three contiguous microlens are red, green and blueness respectively, and are seen by beholder
To red, green and blueness sub-pixel be equally arranged as oblique line shape.
Although there is illustrated rectangle lenticule with oblique line shaped formation, it should be appreciated that, rectangle lenticule
Can be with delta (triangle) shaped formation.
As described above, hexagon lenticule and rectangle lenticule all can be used in an embodiment of the present invention.It is however, right
In the demand of hexagon lenticule and the spacing dimension of rectangle lenticule be different.
For hexagon lenticule, the level interval of hexagon lenticule is 2n times of the level interval of sub-pixel, wherein n
=3k+1 or 3k+2, k=0,1,2 ... ....
By taking Fig. 2 (a) as an example, the level interval of hexagon lenticule be just horizontally oriented two neighboring hexagon away from
From.In the present invention, it is desirable to this level interval be sub-pixel spacing (namely red sub-pixel and the right close to green son
The spacing of pixel) even-multiple, while can not be again pel spacing (a namely red sub-pixel and the right close to it is next
The distance of individual red sub-pixel) integral multiple.It is formulated as：The level interval of hexagon lenticule is between sub-pixel level
Away from 2n times, wherein n=3k+1 or 3k+2, k=0,1,2 ...
Equally, for rectangle lenticule, if being arranged as triangular shaped, the level interval of rectangle lenticule
Should be the level interval of sub-pixel 3n+1 or 3n+2 times, wherein, n=0,1,2 ... ..., and if being arranged as oblique line shape
Shape, then the level interval of hexagon lenticule is n times of the level interval of sub-pixel.
Hexagon microlens array and rectangle lenticule battle array are described respectively below in conjunction with embodiment of the invention below
Row.
Fig. 3 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the hexagon microlens array with balance resolution ratio.It is flat
Weighing apparatus resolution ratio refers to that point both horizontally and vertically is a square like one pixel cell of display away from being the same
's.
As shown in figure 3, the width of hexagon lenticule is 8 times of the width of sub-pixel, its height is 3 times of sub-pixel.
Corresponding 3D integration imagings display can be operated under focusing mode or under proximity focused pattern, and shows red, green and blueness
One of adjacent three lenticule include by circle indicate full-color color dot.Most of color in real world is all by not
The color that red, green and blueness in proportion mixes according to certain ratio, referred to as full-color color dot.It is therefore, it is necessary to logical
Cross three sub-pixels for showing red, green and blueness respectively and synthesize full-color color dot, to show the reality in real world
Color.
As shown in figure 3, the equivalent level spacing of full-color color dot occupies 12 sub-pixels (i.e. 4 pixels), therefore this is full-color
The equivalent level spacing of color dot is 4 times of the spacing of pixel, and in traditional integration imaging with equal angular horizontal resolution
In display, the level interval of lenticule is 8 times of the spacing of pixel.Therefore, the space level in the embodiment of the invention
Resolution ratio is 2 times of traditional integration imaging display with equal angular horizontal resolution.
In addition, as shown in figure 3, the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot occupies 4 pixels, therefore the equivalent of full-color color dot is hung down
Straight spacing is also 4 times of the spacing of pixel.Put down it is, 3D integration imagings display has in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction
The spatial resolution of weighing apparatus.
Fig. 4 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the hexagon microlens array with uneven resolution ratio.
Uneven resolution ratio refers to point both horizontally and vertically away from being different, and Fig. 4 equivalent to one pixel cell of effect is
Endways rectangle, so seem that resolution in line direction will be higher than vertical direction.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, the width of hexagon lenticule is 10 times of the width of sub-pixel, its height is son
4 times of pixel.Corresponding 3D integration imagings display can be operated under focusing mode or under proximity focused pattern, and show it is red,
Adjacent three lenticule of green and one of blueness includes the full-color color dot indicated by circle.
As shown in figure 4, the equivalent level spacing of full-color color dot occupies 15 sub-pixels (i.e. 5 pixels), therefore this is full-color
The equivalent level spacing of color dot is 5 times of the spacing of pixel, and the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot occupies 6 pixels, therefore entirely
The equivalent vertical interval of color point is 6 times of the spacing of pixel.It is, 3D integration imagings display is in the horizontal direction and vertically
There is unbalanced spatial resolution on direction.Therefore, by Fig. 3 on the hexagon microlens array with balance resolution ratio
Compared with Fig. 4 is on the hexagon microlens array with uneven resolution ratio, the effect of Fig. 3 hexagon microlens array
The effect of hexagon microlens array better than Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the rectangle microlens array with balance resolution ratio.
As shown in figure 5, the length of rectangle lenticule is 8 times of the width of sub-pixel, its height is 2 times of sub-pixel.
Corresponding 3D integration imagings display can be operated under focusing mode or under proximity focused pattern, and shows red, green and blueness
One of adjacent three lenticule include by circle indicate full-color color dot.
Similar with Fig. 3, in Figure 5, the equivalent level spacing of full-color color dot occupies 12 sub-pixels (i.e. 4 pixels), because
The equivalent level spacing of this full-color color dot is 4 times of the spacing of pixel.In addition, the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot occupies 4
Individual pixel, therefore the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot is also 4 times of the spacing of pixel.It is, 3D integration imaging displays
There is the spatial resolution of balance in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
Fig. 6 is the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the rectangle microlens array with uneven resolution ratio.
As shown in fig. 6, the width of rectangle lenticule is 10 times of the width of sub-pixel, its height is 3 times of sub-pixel.
Corresponding 3D integration imagings display can be operated under focusing mode or under proximity focused pattern, and shows red, green and blueness
One of adjacent three lenticule include by circle indicate full-color color dot.
In addition, similar with Fig. 4, in figure 6, the equivalent level spacing of full-color color dot occupies 15 sub-pixels (i.e. 5 pictures
Element), therefore the equivalent level spacing of the full-color color dot is 5 times of the spacing of pixel, the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot occupies 6
Individual pixel, therefore the equivalent vertical interval of full-color color dot is 6 times of the spacing of pixel.It is, 3D integration imaging displays exist
It is horizontally and vertically upper that there is unbalanced spatial resolution.
In the embodiment above, the width of lenticule is the even-multiple of the width of sub-pixel, and two contiguous microlens are symmetrical.
When using rectangle lenticule, asymmetric lenticule can be used as.Fig. 7 shows embodiment in this case.That is, scheme
7 be the diagram according to embodiments of the present invention on the asymmetric rectangle microlens array with uneven resolution ratio.
As shown in fig. 7, the length of lenticule is 7 times of the width of sub-pixel, the equivalent level spacing of full-color color dot is picture
7/2 times of the spacing of element.The vertical interval of equal panchromatic color point is 4 times of the spacing of pixel.
It can be shown by computer graphics techniques or the image of actual acquisition to produce for the 3D integration imagings of the present invention
The element image of device.For computer graphics techniques, two class methods can be utilized, i.e. method based on rasterisation and based on light
The method of line tracking.
(a) in Fig. 8 shows the embodiment of the method based on rasterisation.In the method based on rasterisation, use is parallel
Project to render 16 full color directional images.Each component of full-color image pixel is according to predetermined sub-pixel mapping matrix quilt
It is divided into corresponding sub-pixel.(b) in Fig. 8 shows the embodiment of the method based on ray tracing.The method is to every height picture
Element performs ray tracing to obtain corresponding primary color value.
According to the 3D display equipment based on integration imaging of the present invention, it is possible to increase the horizontal resolution of 3D rendering.
Actual pattern, Virtualization Mode can be operated according to the 3D display equipment based on integration imaging of the present invention and focus on mould
Under formula.When 3D display equipment is operated under focusing mode, the depth of the 3D rendering of reconstruction more firmly gets expression than other patterns.
It is right according to the 3D display equipment based on integration imaging of the present invention while 3D display resolution ratio of balance is kept
Horizontal view direction and vertical view direction is selected to provide the bigger free degree.
Although the present invention, those skilled in the art are particularly shown and described with reference to its exemplary embodiment
It should be understood that in the case where not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, form can be carried out to it
With the various changes in details.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel, including the thin display panels of common 2D and microlens array, micro-
Lens array covers the common thin display panels of 2D, and sub-pixel is watched by the array of lenticule,
Wherein, three contiguous microlens in microlens array are with triangular shaped arrangement, and are watched by three lenticules
Sub-pixel colors there are three primary colors respectively,
Wherein, lenticule has hexagonal shape or rectangular shape, when lenticule has hexagonal shape, the water of lenticule
Flat spacing is 2n times of the level interval of sub-pixel, and wherein n=3k+1 or 3k+2, k are greater than the integer equal to 0；Work as lenticule
During with rectangular shape, the level interval of lenticule be the level interval of sub-pixel 3n+1 or 3n+2 times, wherein, n=2k+
1, k is greater than the integer equal to 0.
2. the 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the common thin display panels of 2D are
Matrix display panel, matrix display panel have the array for the display element being arranged on row and column, and each display element
Pixel is produced, pixel caused by the common thin display panels of 2D includes three different sub-pixels of color, and in same row
Sub-pixel has same color.
3. the 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, microlens array is arranged to
One sub-pixel is only seen by a lenticule, adjacent three sub-pixel seen by corresponding lenticule is red respectively
Color, green and blueness.
4. the 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the method based on rasterisation
In, full color directional image is rendered using parallel projection, each component of full-color image pixel reflects according to predetermined sub-pixel
Penetrate matrix and be divided into corresponding sub-pixel.
5. the 3D integration imaging display devices based on sub-pixel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the side based on ray tracing
In method, ray tracing is performed to each sub-pixel to obtain corresponding primary color value.
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| CN105282538B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2019-05-21 | 乐易 | Display component and its electronic display unit of application |
| CN104166242B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-11-17 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 3-D image display device and 3 d image display |
| CN104614861A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-05-13 | 成都工业学院 | Microlens array based integral imaging three-view 3D display device and method |
| CN104978941A (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Multi-visual-angle display device and driving method for the same |
| CN105116558A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 3d display device |
| JP6598362B2 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2019-10-30 | 日本放送協会 | Stereoscopic image display device |
| CN105425404B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2019-06-18 | 上海英耀激光数字制版有限公司 | A kind of integration imaging optical system |
| CN105676470B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-04-10 | 清华大学 | A kind of visual spatial resolution enhancement method and system of three-dimensional scenic |
| CN105679113A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-06-15 | 成都汇盈利智能科技有限公司 | Method for applying naked-eye 3D technology to teaching aid |
| CN106526875B (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-10-30 | 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 | Integration imaging three-dimensional display apparatus and its method |
| KR102602248B1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2023-11-15 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Light fiield display apparatus |
| CN108732772B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-06-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and driving method thereof |
| CN108833896A (en) * | 2018-06-09 | 2018-11-16 | 成都工业学院 | Wide viewing angle integration imaging double vision 3D display method based on variable point light source |
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