CN105665441B - A kind of restorative procedure of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate combined pollution - Google Patents
A kind of restorative procedure of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate combined pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN105665441B CN105665441B CN201610155452.6A CN201610155452A CN105665441B CN 105665441 B CN105665441 B CN 105665441B CN 201610155452 A CN201610155452 A CN 201610155452A CN 105665441 B CN105665441 B CN 105665441B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloretic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 240000008436 Ipomoea aquatica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019004 Ipomoea aquatica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000124844 Sedum alfredii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010010 raising Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 49
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 43
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000311345 Elsholtzia haichowensis Species 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous amide Chemical compound ON=N XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFJSDDYECHPBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzoic acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O BFJSDDYECHPBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005637 Brassica campestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001301148 Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009336 multiple cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001184 nonphytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034655 secondary growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of restorative procedures of facility agricultural soil cadmium nitrate combined pollution, include the following steps：(1) it in grown on soil Sedum alfredii Hance to be repaired, periodically gathers in, after gathering in 2~3 times, Sedum alfredii Hance is removed；(2) after removing, port kind blueness is planted on the soil and obstructs willow leaf water spinach, growth period carries out submerging treatment；(3) after harvest port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach, and four bluish white pakchois are planted on the soil；(4) step (1)~(3) are repeated, until soil is up to standard.The present invention while soil remediation, ensures the edible safety of vegetables in the way of the terrestrial vegetable crop rotation of the low accumulation of aquatic vegetable cadmium nitrate of the low accumulation of Cd hyperaccumulator cadmium nitrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contaminated soil technical field of environmental management, and in particular to a kind of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate
The restorative procedure of combined pollution.
Background technology
China's soil has received the serious pollution of heavy metal, and contaminated area is in increased trend year by year, heavy metal
Caused by problem of environmental pollution it is increasingly prominent, be current one of the protrusion environmental problem urgently properly settled.According to statistics, China is ploughed
Cadmium pollution area in ground is 100000km2, and pollution level is more serious.Cadmium in soil can both influence plant growth, cell point
Equal metabolic activities are split, the growth of crop is inhibited, crop yield is reduced, and food chain can be entered by Removed In Soil-crop System, gives
Human health brings significant damage.Cadmium mobility in soil-crop-human body food chain is strong, and bioconcentration is big, easily
Enter organism by food chain approach and cause damages, for animal and most people, diet is the primary of cadmium intake
Approach.It is physics, chemical harnessing technology to be usually used in the technology of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation at present, mainly there is heavy metal pollution of soil, frost
Method, solidification method, chemical leaching method, ion-exchange and chelating method etc., but that there are quantities is big, spends high, technology for these methods
Difficulty is big and easily causes secondary pollution problems, it is difficult to by large-area applications.
China human mortality is numerous, and per capita area of cultivated farmland is few, and vegetable production in green house multiple crop index is higher, and the producers are in order to obtain
Higher economic benefit, arbitrarily increases the amount of application of fertilizer, and especially nitrogenous fertilizer leads to facility considerably beyond crop demand
Agricultural soil by nitrate serious pollution.Although excessive nitrate is to non-phytotoxic, these nitrate in soil
Human body can be entered by food chain, be reduced into nitrite, with the amine and acyl in other foods, drug and remains of pesticide
Amine substance reacts, and generates the strong carcinogen of nitrosamine and nitrous amide, is detrimental to health.Therefore, Soil Nitrate is studied
Controlling soil moist, to reducing the nitrate content in crops especially vegetables, production pollution-free food has extremely important meaning.
Excessive nitrate in underground water is removed using microorganism to be widely studied, but is removed Soil Nitrate and be also rarely reported.
Heavy metal-polluted soil/secondary salinization pollution is to influence a key factor of China's ecological environment and food security.
The phytoremediation technology occurred in recent years has low-cost, easily operated and does not break as a kind of green recovery technique in situ
The advantages that physicochemical property of bad soil.
The patent document of Publication No. CN1555672A discloses a kind of plant in-situ remediation method of cadmium pollution soil,
By cadmium pollution region, direct planting plants Sedum alfredii Hance absorbs a large amount of cadmium in soil by Sedum alfredii Hance root system, and transports upwards
It is defeated and be transported to overground part, overground part is gathered in after plant strain growth was by 30~40cm or 3~4 month and is removed, then it can be from
A large amount of cadmium is taken away in soil, to achieve the purpose that quickly to administer cadmium pollution soil.
Simple phytoremediation at least needs 3 years time, and must interrupt agricultural production.Do not interrupt agricultural production at present
Heavy-metal contaminated soil restorative procedure in situ it is also fewer.The patent document of Publication No. CN101116865A discloses one kind
Heavy metal mild or moderate pollutes the restorative procedure in production of vegetable field soil, and steps are as follows：1) spring is by cadmium, copper, zinc heavy metal
The vegetable field soil of pollution plants Sedum alfredii Hance and Elsholtzia haichowensis with intercropping system；2) Sedum alfredii Hance is periodically gathered in, is harvested October
Elsholtzia haichowensis；3) load-carrying cadmium is enriched with rape after Elsholtzia haichowensis harvest, harvests April next year；4) cucumber is planted after rape harvest, 9
Month, cucumber planted Chinese cabbage after harvesting, and Chinese cabbage plants Elsholtzia haichowensis after harvesting, complete a repairing efficiency.The invention passes through plant
Between reciprocal effects, reduce the Metal uptake and accumulation of vegetables, reach heavy metal pollution repair while, ensure agricultural production
Product safety.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of restorative procedures of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate combined pollution, tired using cadmium ultraproduct
The mode of the terrestrial vegetable crop rotation of the aquatic vegetable of plant-low accumulation of cadmium-nitrate-low accumulation of cadmium-nitrate, in soil remediation
While, ensure the edible safety of vegetables.
A kind of restorative procedure of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate combined pollution, includes the following steps：
(1) it in grown on soil Sedum alfredii Hance to be repaired, periodically gathers in, after gathering in 2~3 times, Sedum alfredii Hance is removed；
(2) after removing, port kind blueness is planted on the soil and obstructs willow leaf water spinach, growth period carries out submerging treatment；
(3) after harvest port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach, and four bluish white pakchois are planted on the soil；
(4) step (1)~(3) are repeated, until soil is up to standard.
The characteristic that the present invention tires out cadmium ultraproduct using Sedum alfredii Hance, by the Metal uptake in facility agricultural soil to plant
Overground part, achieve the purpose that mitigate heavy metal pollution of soil.The heavy metal pollution of soil obtain to a certain extent repair and then
By planting the vegetables to cadmium, the low accumulation of nitrate, the industrial crops for meeting food hygiene and safety standard are obtained so that facility agriculture
Industry soil generates economic benefit during pollution amelioration.
The present invention screens to obtain port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach and four bluish white pakchois to be low cadmium-accumulation kind；In confrontation nitre
In terms of hydrochlorate pollution, the two kinds do not generate Nitrate Accumulation while the nitrogen in efficiently using soil.
In technical scheme of the present invention, to plant Sedum alfredii Hance-- four bluish white pakchoi of port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach as one
A cycle, a cycle period are 1 year, and the planting season of Sedum alfredii Hance is 5-6 months, next 6-7 month planting vegetables.
Port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach for aquatic vegetable, and in growth course, facility agricultural soil is in waterflooding state.Waterflooding
Processing is to alleviate the effective means that secondary salinization pollutes in facility agricultural soil, and aquatic vegetable moisture is high, to planting
The internal nitrate of strain has diluting effect, and therefore, the present invention selects aquatic vegetable port kind blueness to obstruct willow leaf water spinach as crop rotation
The vegetables planted first in journey.
The long-term waterflooding of soil can change soil physico-chemical property such as oxidation-reduction potential and colony balance, and therefore, the present invention exists
Four bluish white pakchoi of terrestrial vegetables is replanted after finishing one batch of port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach.
The present invention is secondary according to the repetition of pollution condition set-up procedure (1)~(3) of cadmium-nitrate of facility agricultural soil
Number, until Cadmium in Vegetables and nitric acid that the cadmium and nitrate content in soil reach standard of soil environment quality, and produce
Salt content is less than food hygiene and safety standard.
Above-mentioned environmental safety standard refers to National Standard of the People's Republic of China-standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-
2008) Cd residual quantities secondary standard limit value (0.5mg/kg), food hygiene and safety standard are respectively in agricultural land soil specified in
Refer to national food safety standard (GB 2762-2012, Cd<0.5mg kg-1) and food hygiene and safety grade III Standard (nitrate<
1440mg kg-1)。
Technical solution according to the invention, after the facility agricultural soil of pollution is repaired 2 years, soil cadmium content reduces
56.51%, nitrate content reduces 56.43%.
Preferably, in step (1), Sedum alfredii Hance is grown using stem section cuttage to plant height to transplant to be repaired when 5~6cm
Soil.Sedum alfredii Hance seedling medium is vermiculite:Perlite ratio 3:1 matrix, by the full entire seedbed of matrix tiling, thickness is about
The 2/3 of seedbed depth, temperature are adjusted to 24 ± 1 DEG C, humidity regulation to 60 ± 5%.
In the inventive solutions, Sedum alfredii Hance is within 5-6 months growth periods, the biomass that harvesting is 2~3 times with
And Cd uptake amount reaches peak value, preferably, in step (1), Sedum alfredii Hance gathers in after growing 2~3 months, and when harvesting is stayed on the ground
Portion's 1~2cm stem sections.More preferably, Sedum alfredii Hance gathers in after growing 3~4 months for the first time, the 2nd secondary growth removes after 2 months.
In technical solution of the present invention, the plant in each season uses the direct culture transferring of seedling, can be the growth section of each season plant
Save nearly one month seedling raise period.Preferably, in step (2) and (3), port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach and four bluish white pakchois
First seeding and seedling raising, seedling are transplanted when growing to 5~7cm to soil to be repaired.
Preferably, in step (2), after port kind blueness obstructs the transplantation of seedlings of willow leaf water spinach 5~7 days, submerging treatment is carried out.Port kind
It again is at waterflooding state after the laundering period that blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach seedling tides over 5~7 days, is conducive to surviving for dish seedling.
Preferably, in step (2), after submerging treatment, soil layer surface at least keeps depth of water 2cm.
Preferably, in step (2), port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach and grows 2~3 months harvests.
Preferably, in step (3), during four bluish white Growth of Cabbage, soil moisture content is maintained at 65%~75%.
Preferably, in step (3), four bluish white Growth of Cabbage 1~2 month harvest.
Preferably, in step (3), four bluish white pakchois planted for 1~2 season.
The advantageous effect that the present invention has：(1) present invention is compared with traditional Remediation of Contaminated Soil, small investment, work
Journey amount is small, technical management is simple, as a kind of green in-situ recovery technique, secondary pollution, repair process will not be caused not to change
Become soil physico-chemical property, ecological environment of soil will not be destroyed, additionally aiding improves the soil caused by heavy metal, azotate pollution
It degenerates and productivity declines, restore and improve its bio-diversity.
(2) water spinach selected by the present invention and pakchoi are that cadmium-nitrate is total to low accumulation kind, are had to cadmium and nitric acid
Salt refuses the characteristics of absorbing and accumulating, and the vegetables of harvest meet food hygiene and safety standard, and the present invention is in rehabilitating soil cadmium-nitrate
Certain economic benefit is produced while combined pollution.
(3) the low accumulation vegetable crop rotation pattern of the aquatic low accumulation vegetables-terrestrial of Cd hyperaccumulator-according to the invention, is repaiied
Multiple heavy metal and secondary salinization can proceed with agricultural production while pollution, be repaired in production to realize.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that cadmium (A), nitrate (B) content results figure, wherein CK are control in soil after being repaired 2 years in embodiment 1；
CON is conventional vegetable rice field-upland field rotation；SA is super accumulation type Sedum alfredii Hance nonoculture；LOW is low accumulation vegetables rice field-upland field rotation；
SA+LOW is the low accumulation vegetable crop rotation of the aquatic low accumulation vegetables-terrestrial of Cd hyperaccumulator-.
Fig. 2 is different cultivars water spinach and the edible portion's cadmium (A) of pakchoi, nitrate (B) content results figure in embodiment 1,
Wherein CON WS are the green water spinach of Thailand willow；LOW WS are that port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach；CON CC are Sapporo green vegetables；LOWCC
For four bluish white pakchois.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1, test site：Hangzhou vegetable cultivation base.
Choosing continuous cropping 8 years vinyl houses, wherein cadmium content 1.10mg/kg, nitrate content 235.2mg/kg is more than
To the limit value of farmland land used in standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008).
Super accumulation type plant Sedum alfredii Hance is screened offer by this class group from existing plant, extremely by the cuttage of Sedum alfredii Hance stem section
Vermiculite:Perlite ratio is 3:In 1 matrix, it is transplanted to when 5~6cm of plant height or growth about 1 month multiple by cadmium and nitrate
It closes in contaminated soil.
Conventional pakchoi is Sapporo green vegetables, and conventional hollow dish is the green water spinach of Thailand willow.
Cadmium and nitrate are total to low accumulation water spinach with varieties of Brassica campestris by being screened in the existing vegetable variety of this seminar, standard
For：Under the conditions of grown in field, 1 times lower than conventional variety with Nitrate content of overground part cadmium or more.Screening obtains low accumulation
Water spinach is that port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach, and low accumulation pakchoi is that rich nation four is bluish white.
All vegetable seeds with 0.07% NaClO solution disinfections 30min, the 50-55 DEG C of 4h that hots water treatment of seeds, first in filter paper
Upper interior vernalization, hole plate seedling growth are transplanted to after one month by the soil of cadmium and nitrate combined pollution.
2, experiment has set 5 processing altogether, and respectively 1, control (not planting plants), 2, routine pakchoi-conventional hollow dish-
Conventional pakchoi rotation system, 3, super accumulation type Sedum alfredii Hance nonoculture, 4, the low accumulation little Bai of the low accumulation water spinach-of conventional pakchoi-
Dish rotation system, 5, the low accumulation pakchoi rotation system of the low accumulation water spinach-of super accumulation type Sedum alfredii Hance-, each processing is repeated 4 times.
Specifically processing method is：
1, it compares：Any plant is not planted, but the daily managements such as watering are handled with other.
2, conventional pakchoi-conventional hollow dish-routine pakchoi rotation system：Sapporo green vegetables harvest after planting 2 months, then weigh
Multiple cropping is planted 2 times, is carried out submerging treatment to soil after harvest and is planted the green water spinach of Thailand willow, is harvested after 3 months, then plant Sapporo
Green vegetables harvest once after 2 months, repeat to plant once, then harvest.
3, super accumulation type Sedum alfredii Hance nonoculture：Sedum alfredii Hance gathers in once after growing 3 months, stays overground part 1~2cm stem sections
Primary, 4 batches of plantation altogether is gathered in continued growth again after 3 months.
4, the low accumulation pakchoi rotation system of the low accumulation water spinach-of conventional pakchoi-：Sapporo green vegetables harvest after planting 2 months,
Plantation 2 times is repeated, submerging treatment is carried out to soil after harvest and plants port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach, is harvested after 3 months, then
It plants four bluish white, harvests primary after 2 months, repeat to plant primary, then harvest.
5, the low accumulation pakchoi rotation system of the low accumulation water spinach-of super accumulation type Sedum alfredii Hance-：Super accumulation type plant southeast scape
Its growth is gathered in once after 3 months, stays overground part 1~2cm stem section continued growths, is harvested and is removed after 2 months；Port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf
Water spinach harvests after growing up 3 months；It is harvested once after four bluish white growths 2 months, then repeatedly plantation is primary, then harvests.
The sample tap water of each plant harvest is rinsed into 3 removals and is attached to soil and dirt on sample, then is spent
Ionized water rinses 3 times, drains moisture, weighs, and takes part to smash to pieces using salicylic acid-Sulphuric acid Colorimetry nitrate content, remains
It is remaining to be placed in 105 DEG C of water-removing 30min in baking oven, it then dries to constant weight for 65 DEG C, weighs, crush, using HNO3/HClO4(5:1, v/v)
Digestion, icp ms (ICP-MS) measure cadmium content.
3, test result analysis
Fig. 1, which gives, respectively handles cadmium and nitrate in soil after above-mentioned cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil reparation 2 years
Content.
As shown in Figure 1A, cadmium content is minimum in the processing soil of the super accumulation type plant nonoculture of cadmium, and followed by cadmium ultraproduct is tired plants
The processing of the low accumulation shift of crops of object-, soil cadmium content are down to 0.478mg kg-1, 56.51% is reduced, soil environment is less than
Quality standard (GB 15618-2008), can be used for agricultural production.
As shown in Figure 1B, the processing nitrate content of conventional vegetable rice field-upland field rotation is minimum, followed by total low accumulation vegetables water
The processing that drought ring is made is that Cd hyperaccumulator together be down to by the low processing for accumulating vegetable crop rotation, soil nitrate level again
94.12mgkg-1, 56.43% is reduced, reaches normal soil nitrate level level, can be used for agricultural production.
In summary：The low accumulation vegetable crop rotation system of the aquatic low accumulation vegetables-terrestrial of Cd hyperaccumulator-can reach pair
Cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil it is biological prosthetic, this plantation mechanism can operate with cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil cadmium and nitre
Hydrochlorate is repaired in production.
Fig. 2 gives above-mentioned cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil and repairs aquatic low accumulation vegetables (low accumulation sky when second year
Heart dish), terrestrial it is low accumulation vegetables (low accumulation pakchoi) edible portion's cadmium and nitrate content.
As shown in Figure 2 A, low accumulation water spinach cadmium content is 0.08mg kg-1, low accumulation pakchoi cadmium content is only
0.01mgkg-1, it is far below national food safety standard (GB 2762-2012, Cd<0.5mg kg-1), it can be with safe edible
As shown in Figure 2 B, low accumulation water spinach nitrate content is 609.24mg kg-1, low accumulation pakchoi nitrate contains
Amount is 419.62mg kg-1, it is below food hygiene and safety grade III Standard (nitrate<1234mg kg-1), it can be with safe edible.
In summary：The aquatic low vegetable for accumulating the low accumulation vegetable crop rotation system of vegetables-terrestrial and producing of Cd hyperaccumulator-
Dish safety edible is used, this plantation mechanism can operate with being repaired in production for cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil cadmium and nitrate.
Embodiment 1 the result shows that, the present invention utilizes the low accumulation vegetables of the aquatic low accumulation vegetables-terrestrial of Cd hyperaccumulator-
Crop rotation, can repair cadmium and nitrate in cadmium-nitrate combined contamination soil, and the low accumulation vegetables of harvest can be used as safety
Vegetables are edible or sell, to complete to heavy metal and secondary salinization combined contamination soil in the case where not interrupting agricultural production
At quick in situ reparation.This method has expense low, does not destroy soil physico-chemical property, and has many advantages, such as to repair in production.
Listed above is only specific embodiments of the present invention.Present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, can also there are many
Deformation.All deformations that those skilled in the art directly can export or associate from present disclosure, recognize
To be protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of restorative procedure of facility agricultural soil cadmium-nitrate combined pollution, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) it in grown on soil Sedum alfredii Hance to be repaired, periodically gathers in, after gathering in 2~3 times, Sedum alfredii Hance is removed；
(2) after removing, port kind blueness is planted on the soil and obstructs willow leaf water spinach, growth period carries out submerging treatment；
(3) after harvest port kind blueness stalk willow leaf water spinach, and four bluish white pakchois are planted on the soil；
(4) step (1)~(3) are repeated, until soil is up to standard；
In step (1), Sedum alfredii Hance is grown using stem section cuttage to plant height to transplant to soil to be repaired when 5~6cm；
In step (2) and (3), port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach and four bluish white pakchoi elder generation seeding and seedling raisings, when seedling is grown to 5~7cm
It transplants to soil to be repaired；
In step (2), after port kind blueness obstructs the transplantation of seedlings of willow leaf water spinach 5~7 days, submerging treatment is carried out；
In step (3), during four bluish white Growth of Cabbage, soil moisture content is maintained at 65%~75%.
2. restorative procedure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), Sedum alfredii Hance is received after growing 2~3 months
It cuts, when harvesting stays overground part 1~2cm stem sections.
3. restorative procedure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), after submerging treatment, soil layer surface is at least
Keep depth of water 2cm.
4. restorative procedure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), port kind blueness obstructs willow leaf water spinach growth 2
It harvests within~3 months.
5. restorative procedure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), four bluish white Growth of Cabbage 1~2 month
Harvest.
6. restorative procedure as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), four bluish white pakchois planted for 1~2 season.
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| CN109158414A (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2019-01-08 | 中节能大地（杭州）环境修复有限公司 | A kind of plant extract in heavy metal pollution farmland-chemical passivation combined remediation method |
| CN110624950A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-31 | 西北师范大学 | Method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using rice and sedum alfredii adsorption gradient |
| CN111097795B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江大学 | Method for simultaneously producing and repairing cadmium-polluted continuous cropping obstacle facility agricultural soil |
| CN111226988B (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Composite seed soaking agent and application thereof in improving crop seed activity and reducing zinc content of seedlings under zinc stress |
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| CN101992208B (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-05-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for restoring and using vegetable field soil combinedly polluted by cadmium and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon |
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