CN105646096A - Selenium-rich slow release special rice fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich slow release special rice fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105646096A CN105646096A CN201610133834.9A CN201610133834A CN105646096A CN 105646096 A CN105646096 A CN 105646096A CN 201610133834 A CN201610133834 A CN 201610133834A CN 105646096 A CN105646096 A CN 105646096A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B5/00—Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses selenium-rich slow release special rice fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The selenium-rich slow release special rice fertilizer is made from: urea, sodium selenite, nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium, potassium chloride, cottonseed cake, rapeseed cake, monoammonium phosphate, sodium silicate, bagasse, medium and trace elements, beneficial nutrition, cassava starch, organic matters, a non-coated slow release agent, nano carbon, biological bacteria, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, borax, and a soil conditioner. The fertilizer is available for long-term slow release, covers a whole process by single fertilization and can meet the nutritional need of rice in a whole development stage by single fertilization, other nutrients are never added, the element selenium is added for a special purpose, selenium can be efficiently and biologically converted into organic selenium protein stored in rice, it is possible to effectively ensure rice food safety and improve rice quality, the increase in selenium content in rice enables an increase in selenium for human body health, nutrients are reasonably matched, and fertilizer utilization rate is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical fertilizer, specifically a kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Selenium is one of 14 kinds of trace element of needed by human, it is described as " kindling material of life ", " patron saint of heart " and " anticancer king ", selenium can strengthen immune system to entering internal virus, foreign body and internal identification ability, improve the level of the synthesis of immune system cell antibody, the propagation of T cell, antibodies in blood, the phagocytosis of macrophage, sterilizing ability is made to improve twice, thus strengthening human body body's immunity. Zoopery finds, selenium has the acute injury reducing flavacin Bl, alleviates the degree of centrilobular hepatic necrosis and the effect of mortality rate. Selenium and some heavy metal element have very strong affinity, combine with metal such as hydrargyrum, good fortune etc. in vivo and form metallic selenium albumen composition and detoxify. Selenium also has protection cardiovascular, safeguards the function that cardiac muscle is healthy, and Epidemiological study finds, Se content abundant area crowd's incidence of cardiovascular disease is low; Zoopery confirms that structure and the function of cardiac muscle fiber and micro-pipe are played an important role by selenium. In addition, research shows, selenium deficiency area tumor incidence is significantly higher, and gastropathy morbidity is with to lack selenium relevant, and scarce selenium can cause growth retardation, cataract patient and diabetic blindness Selenium Supplement and can partly improve its visual performance. Therefore, selenium has anti-cancer and cancer-preventing, strengthens the effects such as immune function of human body, blood sugar lowering, protection cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vessel, prevention and slow down aging, is therefore referred to as " the anticancer king " in body trace element by scientist.
Oryza sativa L. is mainly distributed on Asia and the subtropical and tropical zones in Africa. Nearly half population in the world, including the population in almost whole East Asia and Southeast Asia, all with rice for food. The cultivation history of rice can trace back to the Hunan China before the about Christian era before 12000-16000. Oryza sativa L., after China widely plants, westwards propagates to India gradually, and Middle Ages introduce south of europe. The major country of production of rice is China, India, Japan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand and Burma.Eighties of last century late period, View of World Rice annual production average out to about 400,000,000,000 kilograms, cultivated area about 1.45 hundred million hectares. The 95% of produced rice is eaten by the mankind in the world. According to investigations, except Tree in Enshi of Hubei Province rice selenium content is higher, the rice content in all the other areas is below the low marginal value 0.O6mg/kg of the Se content, belongs to low selenium rice.
Present stage, peasant's subject matter existed of applying fertilizer on Oryza sativa L. has blindly fertilising, partially apply fertilizer material, unreasonable fertilising, fertilizing method improper, concrete manifestation is in the following areas: (1) heavy dressing chemical fertilizer, gently execute or not organic fertilizer, not only destroy Soil structure, reduce the feeder capability of soil, have impact on again the quality of rice; (2) partially execute, heavy nitrogen application, phosphorus potash fertilizer put on the low side, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is unreasonable; (3) secondary and micro-element fertilizers puts into wretched insufficiency, causes nutrient serious unbalance, physiological and infectious disease often to send out multiple, directly affects rice yield and quality; (4) use unreasonable, main manifestations in the following areas: method is improper, topdress generally spread fertilizer over the fields, top application, cause fertilizer loss serious, utilization rate is low; Dose is excessive, has both reduced the utilization rate of fertilizer, Oryza sativa L. for want of other nutrient and poor growth again, and many peasant households just amount of application by increasing carbamide promotes paddy growth, not only adds production cost, increases again water and soil pollution; Applying fertilizer not science, topdress too much, opportunity of topdressing holds inaccurate, forms early stage overgrowing, envelope row too early, the phenomenon of later stage senilism. Fertilising unreasonable, unscientific, not only causes fertilizer waste, soil fertility decline, soil compaction, production cost to increase, more causes agricultural environment pollution, and quality of agricultural product declines, and meanwhile, also increases agricultural product security risk.
At present, by applying fertilizer, the Se content improving rice is one of effective way, but the Term Fertilization of domestic production selenium-enriched rice is mainly by the method for foliage-spray, and advantage is that Crop is fast, but shortcoming is also very notable, as added with fertile cost, contaminated soil and water source, poor stability.
In order to fundamentally solve blindly fertilising, partially apply fertilizer material, unreasonable fertilising, fertilizing method problem improperly; be badly in need of a kind of being capable of the stable high yield of Rice Production, high-quality and efficient; improve utilization rate of fertilizer; make rational use of resources; preserve the ecological environment; improvement soil, culture fertility, promote the dedicated fertilizer of agricultural sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nutritive equilibrium, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, land used and increase soil fertility selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer of combining and preparation method thereof, with the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, include according to the raw material of weight portion: carbamide 50-70 part, sodium selenite 50-60 part, N P and K 30-40 part, potassium chloride 30-40 part, cottonseed cake 20-30 part, rapeseed meal 20-30 part, MAP 15-20 part, sodium silicate 10-20 part, bagasse 10-15 part, medium trace element 8-12 part, useful nutrient 5-9 part, tapioca starch 4-6 part, organic 3.5-4.5 part, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3-4 part, nano-sized carbon 3-4 part, biological bacteria 0.5-0.7 part, ground phosphate rock 0.4-0.6 part, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.5 part, dolomite 0.3-0.5 part, Borax 0.2-0.4 part, soil conditioner 0.2-0.3 part, the formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: nitrogen 15-20 part, phosphorus 7-8 part, potassium 8-12 part,The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5-7 part, magnesium 2.5-4.3 part, zinc 0.5-0.7 part.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, include according to the raw material of weight portion: carbamide 55-65 part, sodium selenite 52-58 part, N P and K 32.2-37.8 part, potassium chloride 32-38 part, cottonseed cake 22-28 part, rapeseed meal 22-28 part, MAP 16-19 part, sodium silicate 12-18 part, bagasse 11-14 part, medium trace element 9.05-11.15 part, useful nutrient 6-8 part, tapioca starch 4.5-5.5 part, organic 3.8-4.2 part, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.2-3.8 part, nano-sized carbon 3.2-3.8 part, biological bacteria 0.55-0.65 part, ground phosphate rock 0.45-0.55 part, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.35-0.45 part, dolomite 0.35-0.45 part, Borax 0.25-0.35 part, soil conditioner 0.22-0.28 part, the formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: nitrogen 16-19 part, phosphorus 7.2-7.8 part, potassium 9-11 part, the formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5.5-6.5 part, magnesium 3-4 part, zinc 0.55-0.65 part.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, include according to the raw material of weight portion: 60 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 55 parts, N P and K 35.5 parts, 35 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 25 parts, rapeseed meal 25 parts, MAP 19 parts, sodium silicate 15 parts, bagasse 12 parts, medium trace element 10.1 parts, useful nutrient 7 parts, tapioca starch 5 parts, organic 4 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.5 parts, nano-sized carbon 3.5 parts, biological bacteria 0.6 part, 0.5 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.4 part, dolomite 0.4 part, Borax 0.3 part, soil conditioner 0.25 part, the formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 18 parts of nitrogen, 7.5 parts of phosphorus, 10 parts of potassium, the formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 6 parts, 3.5 parts of magnesium, 0.6 part of zinc.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described useful nutrient is silicon dioxide.
As the further scheme of the present invention: in described sodium selenite, Se content is 45.7%.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 45-55 DEG C, and fermentation time is 15-20h;
(3) by carbamide through 130-140 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 80-100 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 100-120 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 45-65 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention can long-acting slow-release, realize single-dose application pipe omnidistance, single-dose application can meet the nutrient demand of the whole period of duration of Oryza sativa L., it is not supplemented with other nutrient, specially with the addition of selenium element, can become organic selenium protein depot in rice selenium element bioconversion efficiently, not only it is effective to ensure that the food safety of rice, but also there is the effect improving rice quality, simultaneously by rice is improved Se content thus reaching the health to human body to increase the purpose of selenium element, nutrient formula is reasonable, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, achieve the substantially identical of fertilizer nutrient release profiles and rice growing season nutrient demand curve, improving utilization rate of fertilizer, make rational use of resources, reduce fertilizer loss, decomposition, volatilization, fix etc. loses, and makes full use of resource, alleviates environmental pollution, strengthen the anti-adversity ability of Oryza sativa L., reduce agricultural production risk.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the technical scheme of this patent is described in more detail.
Main the principles of science of foundation of the present invention is Formula fertilization by soil testing principle, fertilization compositions based on earth measurement is with nutrient theory of returns, law of minimum nourishment, rule of equal importance, can not law of substitution, fertilizer law of diminishing returns and factor integration effect restrain as theoretical foundation, with the total fertilization amount determining Different Nutrients and proportioning for main contents. For giving full play to the maximum yield increase effect of fertilizer, fertilising must be combined with the factors selecting breeding, rich water quality management, planting density, cropping system and climate change etc. to affect fertilizer efficiency.
Embodiment 1
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, includes according to the raw material of weight portion: 50 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 50 parts, N P and K 30 parts, 30 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 20 parts, rapeseed meal 20 parts, MAP 15 parts, sodium silicate 10 parts, bagasse 10 parts, medium trace element 8 parts, silicon dioxide 5 parts, tapioca starch 4 parts, organic matter 3.5 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3 parts, nano-sized carbon 3 parts, biological bacteria 0.5 part, 0.4 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3 part, dolomite 0.3 part, Borax 0.2 part, soil conditioner 0.2 part; The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 15 parts of nitrogen, 7 parts of phosphorus, 8 parts of potassium; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5 parts, 2.5 parts of magnesium, 0.5 part of zinc.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 45 DEG C, and fermentation time is 15h;
(3) by carbamide through 130 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 80 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 100 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 45 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Embodiment 2
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, includes according to the raw material of weight portion: 55 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 52 parts, N P and K 32.2 parts, 32 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 22 parts, rapeseed meal 22 parts, MAP 16 parts, sodium silicate 12 parts, bagasse 11 parts, medium trace element 9.05 parts, silicon dioxide 6 parts, tapioca starch 4.5 parts, organic matter 3.8 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.2 parts, nano-sized carbon 3.2 parts, biological bacteria 0.55 part, 0.45 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.35 part, dolomite 0.35 part, Borax 0.25 part, soil conditioner 0.22 part; The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 16 parts of nitrogen, 7.2 parts of phosphorus, 9 parts of potassium; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5.5 parts, 3 parts of magnesium, 0.55 part of zinc.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 48 DEG C, and fermentation time is 16h;
(3) by carbamide through 132 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 85 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 105 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 50 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Embodiment 3
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, includes according to the raw material of weight portion: 60 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 55 parts, N P and K 35.5 parts, 35 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 25 parts, rapeseed meal 25 parts, MAP 19 parts, sodium silicate 15 parts, bagasse 12 parts, medium trace element 10.1 parts, silicon dioxide 7 parts, tapioca starch 5 parts, organic matter 4 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.5 parts, nano-sized carbon 3.5 parts, biological bacteria 0.6 part, 0.5 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.4 part, dolomite 0.4 part, Borax 0.3 part, soil conditioner 0.25 part;The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 18 parts of nitrogen, 7.5 parts of phosphorus, 10 parts of potassium; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 6 parts, 3.5 parts of magnesium, 0.6 part of zinc.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 50 DEG C, and fermentation time is 18h;
(3) by carbamide through 135 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 90 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 110 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 50 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Embodiment 4
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, includes according to the raw material of weight portion: 65 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 58 parts, N P and K 37.8 parts, 38 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 28 parts, rapeseed meal 28 parts, MAP 19 parts, sodium silicate 18 parts, bagasse 14 parts, medium trace element 11.15 parts, silicon dioxide 8 parts, tapioca starch 5.5 parts, organic matter 4.2 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.8 parts, nano-sized carbon 3.8 parts, biological bacteria 0.65 part, 0.55 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.45 part, dolomite 0.45 part, Borax 0.35 part, soil conditioner 0.28 part; The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 19 parts of nitrogen, 7.8 parts of phosphorus, 11 parts of potassium; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 6.5 parts, 4 parts of magnesium, 0.65 part of zinc.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 52 DEG C, and fermentation time is 19h;
(3) by carbamide through 138 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 95 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 115 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 62 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Embodiment 5
A kind of selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, includes according to the raw material of weight portion: 70 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 60 parts, N P and K 40 parts, 40 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 30 parts, rapeseed meal 30 parts, MAP 20 parts, sodium silicate 20 parts, bagasse 15 parts, medium trace element 12 parts, silicon dioxide 9 parts, tapioca starch 6 parts, organic matter 4.5 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 4 parts, nano-sized carbon 4 parts, biological bacteria 0.7 part, 0.6 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.5 part, dolomite 0.5 part, Borax 0.4 part, soil conditioner 0.3 part; The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 20 parts of nitrogen, 8 parts of phosphorus, 12 parts of potassium; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 7 parts, 4.3 parts of magnesium, 0.7 part of zinc.
The preparation method of described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20h;
(3) by carbamide through 140 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 100 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 120 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 65 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
Using the selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer that above example produces, utilization rate of fertilizer 6-7% higher than Common compound fertilizer, utilization rate of fertilizer improves 15.8-26.4%.
Using the selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer that above example produces to enhance paddy rice anti contravariance, 2015,1000 mu, Feixi County, Hefei ,Anhui city demonstration sheet used none lodging of this product, around same kind, same to date of seeding, rice lodging nearly 60% that dose is close; Same kind, Oryza sativa L. with date of seeding in 3 demonstration sheets, use the rice blast disease of the present invention to refer to ratio Common compound fertilizer decline 21.8-35.6%; Oryza sativa L. diseased plant rate decline 9.5-14.8%.
The selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer that above example produces is used to realize the stable high yield of Oryza sativa L., check and accept according to fertilization compositions based on earth measurement project expert group of Anhui Province, 28-30 day in August, 2015 surveys product on the spot at 5 points, per mu yield is all more than 700kg, compared with Common compound fertilizer, any is shown no increases in output, 4 some volume increase, on average increases production 13.7%.
The selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer cost-saving synergistic more using above example to produce, after using this product 1 year at least reduces laxative 1-2 time, by a drug 20 yuan, recruitment 0.3, adds recruitment 0.2 of topdressing, 70 yuan of abridged edition; Increase production 50 kilograms by every mu, add up to and increase income more than 190 yuan.
The present invention can long-acting slow-release, realize single-dose application pipe omnidistance, single-dose application can meet the nutrient demand of the whole period of duration of Oryza sativa L., it is not supplemented with other nutrient, specially with the addition of selenium element, can become organic selenium protein depot in rice selenium element bioconversion efficiently, not only it is effective to ensure that the food safety of rice, but also there is the effect improving rice quality, simultaneously by rice is improved Se content thus reaching the health to human body to increase the purpose of selenium element, nutrient formula is reasonable, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, achieve the substantially identical of fertilizer nutrient release profiles and rice growing season nutrient demand curve, improving utilization rate of fertilizer, make rational use of resources, reduce fertilizer loss, decomposition, volatilization, fix etc. loses, and makes full use of resource, alleviates environmental pollution, strengthen the anti-adversity ability of Oryza sativa L., reduce agricultural production risk.
Above the better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, it is also possible under the premise without departing from this patent objective, make various change.
Claims (6)
1. a selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer, it is characterized in that, include according to the raw material of weight portion: carbamide 50-70 part, sodium selenite 50-60 part, N P and K 30-40 part, potassium chloride 30-40 part, cottonseed cake 20-30 part, rapeseed meal 20-30 part, MAP 15-20 part, sodium silicate 10-20 part, bagasse 10-15 part, medium trace element 8-12 part, useful nutrient 5-9 part, tapioca starch 4-6 part, organic 3.5-4.5 part, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3-4 part, nano-sized carbon 3-4 part, biological bacteria 0.5-0.7 part, ground phosphate rock 0.4-0.6 part, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.3-0.5 part, dolomite 0.3-0.5 part, Borax 0.2-0.4 part, soil conditioner 0.2-0.3 part, the formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: nitrogen 15-20 part, phosphorus 7-8 part, potassium 8-12 part, the formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5-7 part, magnesium 2.5-4.3 part, zinc 0.5-0.7 part.
2. selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, include according to the raw material of weight portion: carbamide 55-65 part, sodium selenite 52-58 part, N P and K 32.2-37.8 part, potassium chloride 32-38 part, cottonseed cake 22-28 part, rapeseed meal 22-28 part, MAP 16-19 part, sodium silicate 12-18 part, bagasse 11-14 part, medium trace element 9.05-11.15 part, useful nutrient 6-8 part, tapioca starch 4.5-5.5 part, organic 3.8-4.2 part, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.2-3.8 part, nano-sized carbon 3.2-3.8 part, biological bacteria 0.55-0.65 part, ground phosphate rock 0.45-0.55 part, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.35-0.45 part, dolomite 0.35-0.45 part, Borax 0.25-0.35 part, soil conditioner 0.22-0.28 part,The formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: nitrogen 16-19 part, phosphorus 7.2-7.8 part, potassium 9-11 part; The formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 5.5-6.5 part, magnesium 3-4 part, zinc 0.55-0.65 part.
3. selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, include according to the raw material of weight portion: 60 parts of carbamide, sodium selenite 55 parts, N P and K 35.5 parts, 35 parts of potassium chloride, cottonseed cake 25 parts, rapeseed meal 25 parts, MAP 19 parts, sodium silicate 15 parts, bagasse 12 parts, medium trace element 10.1 parts, useful nutrient 7 parts, tapioca starch 5 parts, organic 4 parts, non-parcel slow releasing agent 3.5 parts, nano-sized carbon 3.5 parts, biological bacteria 0.6 part, 0.5 part of ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.4 part, dolomite 0.4 part, Borax 0.3 part, soil conditioner 0.25 part, the formula nutritional element of described N P and K includes according to weight portion: 18 parts of nitrogen, 7.5 parts of phosphorus, 10 parts of potassium, the formula nutritional element of described medium trace element includes according to weight portion: calcium 6 parts, 3.5 parts of magnesium, 0.6 part of zinc.
4. according to the arbitrary described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described useful nutrient is silicon dioxide.
5. according to the arbitrary described selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that in described sodium selenite, Se content is 45.7%.
6. the preparation method adopting selenium-rich slow-release rice special fertilizer described for one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that comprise the steps: that (1) weighs each raw material according to weight portion;
(2) described cottonseed cake, rapeseed meal, bagasse, tapioca starch and biological bacteria being placed in fermentation vat and ferment, fermentation temperature is 45-55 DEG C, and fermentation time is 15-20h;
(3) by carbamide through 130-140 DEG C of high-temperature fusion, enter in dashpot, pressurize then through delivery pump, deliver in tower top mixing channel after metering;
(4) after N P and K, sodium selenite, medium trace element, potassium chloride, MAP, nano-sized carbon, ground phosphate rock, compound sodium nitrophenolate, dolomite, Borax and sodium silicate being measured respectively, send in agitator and be sufficiently mixed, mixed material is sent in batch mixing heater after crushing and screening afterwards, it is heated to 80-100 DEG C, bucket elevator rises to tower top feed bin;
(5) batch mixing after heating in tower top feed bin is sent in described mixing channel after spiral metering scale uniformly measures, add useful nutrient, organic matter, non-parcel slow releasing agent and soil conditioner, high shear agitation machine is mixed and made into scattered paste shape material, and temperature controls at 100-120 DEG C;
(6) granule made by comminutor sends into dehydrator, and the moisture included by granule is dried;
(7) carry out granule cooling, undertaken being cooled to 45-65 DEG C by the fertiliser granulates after drying;
(8) gradation, by the gradation after cooled, the size-reduced pelletize again of underproof granule;
(9) finished product overlay film, is undertaken product qualified for classification being coated with clothing peplos and obtains finished product;
(10) finished product packing, is placed on ventilation by finished product pack and preserves.
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| CN106316705A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-11 | 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly coated slow-release fertilizer for wheat |
| CN107382578A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of selenium-enriched watermelon fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382425A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-24 | 广西钟山县富强雅瑶华香农业有限公司 | Special bacteria residue fertilizer of selenium-rich rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382423A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-24 | 广西钟山县富强雅瑶华香农业有限公司 | Selenium-rich rice special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109761703A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-17 | 湖北宜施壮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunction long-acting slow-release rice fertilizer |
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| CN112244210A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 邯郸市富硒农产品科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of selenium-rich malt flour |
| CN113860959A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 春润农业生物科技(盘锦)有限公司 | Preparation method of selenium-rich rice stem cell growth promoter |
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| CN112244210A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-22 | 邯郸市富硒农产品科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of selenium-rich malt flour |
| CN113860959A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 春润农业生物科技(盘锦)有限公司 | Preparation method of selenium-rich rice stem cell growth promoter |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |