CN105638404A - Soilless culture substrate special for flowers - Google Patents
Soilless culture substrate special for flowers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638404A CN105638404A CN201511018308.XA CN201511018308A CN105638404A CN 105638404 A CN105638404 A CN 105638404A CN 201511018308 A CN201511018308 A CN 201511018308A CN 105638404 A CN105638404 A CN 105638404A
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- flowers
- soilless culture
- culture substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate special for flowers. The soilless culture substrate comprises biogas residues, wood bits and an inorganic substrate. The soilless culture substrate special for flowers is prepared from, by volume, 30-35% of biogas residues, 30-40% of wood bits and 30-40% of the inorganic substrate. The biogas residues are used as the main organic raw materials, and the good soilless culture substrate for flowers is low in cost and has complete nutrients.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soilless culture field, especially a kind of special soilless culture substrate of flowers.
Background technology
Soilless culture substrate has been widely used in horticultural production, and existing soilless culture substrate raw material is mainly peat, rock wool, Vermiculitum, perlite etc., and wherein peat belongs to resource non-renewable in a short time; Rock wool is difficult to process after using, and environment is caused severe contamination; Vermiculitum, perlite possess insulation, water conservation, the effect such as heat insulation, and itself does not have fertility.
The Organic substance such as straw and fowl and animal excrement utilizing crops produces biogas, cooks with biogas lighting, both make use of resource, saves again the energy. But the side-product biogas residue of biogas production, how Appropriate application, be but people's new problems of needing to solve. Biogas residue is rich in organic matter, humus, micronutrient element, several amino acids, enzyme and beneficial microbe, and containing elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can meet the needs of plant growth.
At present, using the biogas residue after fermentation as the main raw-material soilless culture substrate of Organic substance by should in the soilless culture of flowers. But owing to the component allocation ratio of substrate and the stability techniques of substrate are difficult to grasp so that it is large area penetration and promotion is restricted.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of employing biogas residue is as the predominantly organic thing special soilless culture substrate of raw-material flowers, and the growth of flowers is had significant facilitation by it. Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of special soilless culture substrate of flowers, it includes biogas residue, wood flour and inorganic matrix.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%-35%, wood flour 30%-40%, inorganic matrix 30%-40%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, water content��50% of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers, the content of organic matter (butt) >=25%, N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value 1-3.5mS/cm, pH value 6-7.5.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described inorganic matrix is perlite.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, perlite 30%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 40%, perlite 30%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, Vermiculitum 30%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum and perlitic mixture.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 30%, Vermiculitum 25%, perlite 15%.
Compared with prior art, the method have technical effect that:
1, the survival rate of flower seedlings, kind of blooming period prolonging are improved. Compared with traditional soilless culture substrate, the necessary nutritional factorss of plant growing such as element, micronutrient element, organic matter, humus such as the special soilless culture substrate of flowers of the present invention not only nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium, possibly together with several amino acids, enzyme and beneficial microbe, the growth in flowers seedling stages is had and promotes significantly to make, it is possible to effective kind of blooming period prolonging.
2, the exterior quality of flowers is improved. Existing soilless culture substrate is shorter due to fertilizer efficiency, it is common that the later stage adds necessary nutrient by nutritional solution, often results in pattern and the fragrance of a flower is thin out, affect the quality of flowers. The special soilless culture substrate of flowers of the present invention is rich in plant growth factor, it is possible to the synthesis material such as flavonoid, carotenoid, beet pigments, makes that pattern is bright-coloured, aromatic odor is strong.
3, the generation of pest and disease damage is reduced. Biogas residue, through becoming thoroughly decomposed and anaerobic fermentation, removes worm's ovum therein and pathogenic bacteria, therefore, reduces the probability that pest and disease damage occurs. Meanwhile, the beneficial microbe contained in biogas residue, it is also possible to the effective generation suppressing pest and disease damage.
4, operation management is simple. Tradition soilless culture substrate needs to add nutritional solution, for ensureing during plant growth the demand to various nutrients, it is necessary to composition and proportioning to nutritional solution accurately manage, and operating process is complicated. The substrate Middle nutrition element of the special soilless culture of flowers of the present invention is complete, and trace element enriches, and enormously simplify nutritional care process.
5, environmentally safe. Traditional cultivation often there is the nutritional solution of about 20% be discharged to outside system, discharge liquid middle and high concentration salt and pollute the environment. Discharge the content of nitrate in liquid such as Soilless culture system and, up to 212mg/L, subsoil water is had severe contamination. The special soilless culture substrate of flowers of the present invention discharges the content only 1��4mg/L of nitrate, environmentally safe in liquid.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, can becoming apparent from understandable, below presently preferred embodiments of the present invention being described in detail, thus protection scope of the present invention being made apparent clear and definite defining.
The present invention proposes a kind of special soilless culture substrate of flowers, and its component includes biogas residue, wood flour and inorganic matrix, and each volume components ratio is: biogas residue 30%-35%, wood flour 30%-40%, inorganic matrix 30%-40%.
Water content��50% of the special soilless culture substrate of these flowers, the content of organic matter (butt) >=25%, N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value 1-3.5mS/cm, pH value 6-7.5.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the biogas residue in the special soilless culture substrate of flowers is the side-product after large-scale livestock manure fermented engineering, and inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum. The volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of these flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, Vermiculitum 30%.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the biogas residue in the special soilless culture substrate of flowers is the side-product after large-scale livestock manure fermented engineering, and inorganic matrix is perlite. The volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of these flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, perlite 30%.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the biogas residue in the special soilless culture substrate of flowers is the side-product after large-scale livestock manure fermented engineering, and inorganic matrix is perlite. The volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of these flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 40%, perlite 30%.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the biogas residue in the special soilless culture substrate of flowers is the side-product after large-scale livestock manure fermented engineering, and inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum and perlitic mixture. The volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of these flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 30%, Vermiculitum 25%, perlite 15%.
1. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Subjects: belgian azalea flower seedling
Testing and carry former substrate for comparison (CK) with the Cuculus polioephalus flower seedling without biogas residue, the special soilless culture substrate of flowers provided with aforementioned four embodiment of the present invention carries out cultivation effect contrast, every kind of substrate culture 10 basin. After normal cultivation management one month, on October 9,5 days to 2015 July in 2015, the corresponding growth indexes of results of regular determination.
2. measure project and method
2.1 total porositys
Substrate total porosity is the same with soil porosity, is the volume of the matrix pores percentage ratio that accounts for substrate cumulative volume. Test with after basin on each substrate flower seedling, normal cultivation management separately sampled mensuration of substrate in basin after one month, calculate with proportion and unit weight.
2.2 moisture interceptions
Water supply in media interception is the important indicator weighing substrate water holding capacity, and each air-dry water supply in media interception of this test determination is reference.
2.3 nutrient substance measure
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic employing conventional determining method.
2.4 growth indexes measure
Plant height is the average of the 10 same substrate plant of strain; Blade measuring, measures the length of 10 blades at random with wide, averages every strain Cuculus polioephalus; Spending number, flower bud number to measure, each process takes the investigation average of the 10 whole ZHUHUA numbers of basin plant and flower bud number.
3. result and analysis
The character of the 3.1 special soilless culture substrates of flowers
From the data result analysis of table 1, the substrate of the present invention is compared with the control, general porosity, moisture combined closure system are more or less the same, the organic matter of the substrate that each embodiment of the present invention provides and the full nitrogen of nutrition composition, full phosphorus, full potassium are above comparison, wherein the organic matter in embodiment 4 and the full nitrogen of nutrition composition, full phosphorus, full potassium content the highest, for a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The special soilless culture substrate character table of table 1 flowers
The impact that Cuculus polioephalus is produced by 3.2 different substrates
Data results from table 2-table 4, Cuculus polioephalus plant height within experimental period all in increase trend, 25-August 15 July is the full-bloom stage of test belgian azalea flower, and the Folium Rhododendri Simsii that the substrate that each embodiment of the present invention provides is cultivated is containing the rate of increase spending the plant height in later stage, leaf length and leaf wide higher than comparison. The substrate that wherein embodiment 4 provides is the most notable to the growing way facilitation of Cuculus polioephalus.
The plant height rate of increase (unit: %) of table 2 Cuculus polioephalus different periods in each substrate
| Process | 7/5-7/25 | 7/25-8/15 | 8/15-9/5 | 9/5-9/20 | 9/20-10/9 | Overall growth rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.73 | 3.25 | 6.76 | 1.25 | 3.09 | 16.08 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.72 | 0.42 | 4.21 | 1.89 | 2.99 | 11.23 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.24 | 1.25 | 10.02 | 1.17 | 2.86 | 15.54 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.26 | 1.01 | 5.86 | 3.95 | 10.20 | 21.28 |
| CK | 1.06 | 1.12 | 5.68 | 0.42 | 2.77 | 11.05 |
The rate of increase (unit: %) of table 3 Cuculus polioephalus different periods length of blade in each substrate
| Process | 7/5-7/25 | 7/25-8/15 | 8/15-9/5 | 9/5-9/20 | 9/20-10/9 | Overall growth rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 6.31 | 4.95 | 5.67 | 5.41 | 1.70 | 24.04 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.58 | 2.46 | 5.28 | 7.75 | 1.69 | 20.76 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.66 | 4.78 | 2.55 | 5.94 | 3.27 | 22.20 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.63 | 2.14 | 8.90 | 9.61 | 6.14 | 28.42 |
| CK | 3.25 | 2.08 | 1.03 | 0.52 | 1.01 | 7.89 |
The rate of increase (unit: %) of table 4 Cuculus polioephalus different periods width of blade in each substrate
| Process | 7/5-7/25 | 7/25-8/15 | 8/15-9/5 | 9/5-9/20 | 9/20-10/9 | Overall growth rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 6.75 | 7.51 | 6.50 | 8.16 | 7.66 | 36.58 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6.95 | 7.28 | 7.04 | 7.23 | 6.88 | 35.38 |
| Embodiment 3 | 7.23 | 7.56 | 5.96 | 6.74 | 7.20 | 34.69 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4.78 | 8.00 | 7.98 | 8.34 | 7.94 | 37.04 |
| CK | 5.95 | 6.45 | 6.05 | 5.25 | 5.45 | 29.15 |
The impact on Cuculus polioephalus reproductive growth of 3.3 different substrates
From the data results of table 5-table 6 it can be seen that 25-August 15 July is the full-bloom stage that test belgian azalea is spent.After full-bloom stage, the Folium Rhododendri Simsii that substrate provided by the invention is cultivated compared with the control, stores flower bud effect and is better than comparison, and namely the substrate of present invention Folium Rhododendri Simsii is bloomed quantity has obvious facilitation. The substrate that wherein embodiment 4 the provides Folium Rhododendri Simsii of Cuculus polioephalus the is bloomed facilitation of quantity is the most notable.
Table 5 different substrates is on the impact of Folium Rhododendri Simsii number (unit: piece)
| Process | 7/5 | 7/25 | 8/15 | 9/5 | 9/20 | 10/9 |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.5 | 6.3 | 10.3 | 5.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 8.6 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.7 | 6.2 | 9.5 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 2.6 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.6 | 5.8 | 13.5 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 4.1 |
| CK | 2.2 | 6.5 | 9.9 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Table 6 different substrates is on the impact of Cuculus polioephalus alabastrum (unit: piece)
| Process | 7/5 | 7/25 | 8/15 | 9/5 | 9/20 | 10/9 |
| Embodiment 1 | 10.8 | 18.3 | 6.0 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 3.0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 8.2 | 18.0 | 14.0 | 7.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 9.6 | 16.5 | 7.4 | 6.5 | 2.5 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 7.2 | 20.0 | 14.0 | 7.3 | 3.9 | 10.0 |
| CK | 7.4 | 17.0 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 2.5 |
Additionally, from above-mentioned data analysis process it can be seen that embodiment 4 is a preferably embodiment, namely of the present invention preferably volume components ratio is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 30%, Vermiculitum 25%, perlite 15%.
Above the present invention has been carried out the enough detailed description with certain particularity. Those of ordinary skill in art is it should be understood that the description in embodiment is merely exemplary, and making under the premise of the true spirit and scope that not necessarily depart from the present invention is changed all should belong to protection scope of the present invention. Present invention scope required for protection is to be defined by described claims, rather than limited by the foregoing description in embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers, it is characterised in that: it includes biogas residue, wood flour and inorganic matrix.
2. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%-35%, wood flour 30%-40%, inorganic matrix 30%-40%.
3. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described inorganic matrix is perlite.
4. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, perlite 30%.
5. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 40%, perlite 30%.
6. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum.
7. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 35%, wood flour 35%, Vermiculitum 30%.
8. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described inorganic matrix is Vermiculitum and perlitic mixture.
9. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the volume components ratio of the special soilless culture substrate of described flowers is: biogas residue 30%, wood flour 30%, Vermiculitum 25%, perlite 15%.
10. the special soilless culture substrate of flowers as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: special soilless culture substrate water content��50% of described flowers, the content of organic matter (butt) >=25%, N+P2O5+K2O total nutrient content 1-5%, unit weight 0.2-0.6g/cm3, total porosity 60-80%, gas-water ratio 1:2-4, EC value 1-3.5mS/cm, pH value 6-7.5.
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| CN201511018308.XA CN105638404A (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Soilless culture substrate special for flowers |
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| CN201511018308.XA CN105638404A (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Soilless culture substrate special for flowers |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258905A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-01-04 | 常州创索新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of soilless cultivating flowers |
| CN108633690A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-12 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of soilless cultivation substrate of flowers and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106258905A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-01-04 | 常州创索新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of method of soilless cultivating flowers |
| CN108633690A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-12 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of soilless cultivation substrate of flowers and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 224100 east gate of Huafeng farm, Dafeng port, Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Applicant after: JIANGSU SUGANGHESHUN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 224100 east gate of Huafeng farm, Dafeng port, Dafeng City, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Applicant before: JIANGSU SUGANGHESHUN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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