CN102577917A - Nutrient water-saving substrate special for soilless raising of tomato seedlings - Google Patents
Nutrient water-saving substrate special for soilless raising of tomato seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102577917A CN102577917A CN201210053739XA CN201210053739A CN102577917A CN 102577917 A CN102577917 A CN 102577917A CN 201210053739X A CN201210053739X A CN 201210053739XA CN 201210053739 A CN201210053739 A CN 201210053739A CN 102577917 A CN102577917 A CN 102577917A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
Nutrient water-saving substrate special for soilless raising of tomato seedlings is formed by mixing fermented cottonseed hull mushroom residue, peat and vermiculite according to a proportion 1:1:1 (v:v:v). The vermiculite is about 1mm in particle size, and 4kg of water-retaining agent and 4kg of controlled-release compound fertilizer are added per square meter of the substrate and fully mixed well. The nutrient water-saving substrate compared with conventional seedling raising substrate has the advantages that firstly, resources are saved, labor is economized, consumption of the peat is reduced by 50%, the nutrient water-saving substrate has the functions of nutrition and water retaining, operational management can be simplified, fertilizer, water and labor are economized; secondly, the nutrient water-saving substrate is safe, environment-friendly and pollution-free; and thirdly, seedling raising quality and efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of be applicable to tomato intensification soilless-cultivated seedling integrate that the peat composed of rotten mosses substitutes, the special-purpose mechanical matrix of nutrition, water conservation, belong to the agricultural high-tech field.
Background technology
Growing seedlings is an important technical links during vegetables produce, and seedling quality good and bad directly influences the growing of vegetables, yield and quality.Follow China's vegetables production standardization, scale and specialization, grow seedlings of vegetable is grown seedlings by the exclusive solely family soil of tradition gradually and is changed to intensification soilless-cultivated seedling direction, thereby increases substantially breeding efficiency.Soilless raising seedling substrate is mainly formed by the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite or perlite assembly at present.
The peat composed of rotten mosses " have another name called " peat ", by the residual body of limnocryptophyte, can not decompose accumulation fully and form.Contain large quantity of moisture and not by the plant residue of thorough decomposition, humus and a part of mineral matter.The content of organic matter is more than 30%, quality is soft be easy to fragmentary.The peat composed of rotten mosses is a kind of valuable natural resources.Because China's peat composed of rotten mosses resource-constrained, skewness, the long-distance transport cost is higher, and the peat composed of rotten mosses is non-renewable resources in a short time, and excessive exploitation can cause resource exhaustion and environmental disruption, so to seek peat composed of rotten mosses substitute be one of focus of matrix research.On the other hand; Intensive seedling production mainly adopts sprinkling irrigation nutrient solution mode on the seedling at present, and specification requirement is higher, and operational administrative is loaded down with trivial details; Mismanagement causes between seedling moisture and nutrient supply inhomogeneous easily, and a large amount of irrigations then bring a series of problems such as rich water loss and environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the problems referred to above that exist in the intensification soilless-cultivated seedling process, further improve matrix formulations, and increase its nutrition and water retaining function, to reach the optimization performance, convenient management is raised the efficiency, and cultivates strong sprout, economizes on resources, protects the purpose of environment.
The present invention is that a kind of cotton seed hulls mushroom slag that utilizes partly substitutes the peat composed of rotten mosses; Form the tomato soilless seedling compound substrate formula; In composite interstitial substance, add new materials such as a certain amount of controlled release fertilizer and water-loss reducer again, be developed into the special-purpose function matrix of the water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of nutrition.Utilize controlled release fertilizer that the tomato seedling desired nutritional is provided, realize exempting from nutrient management; Utilize water-loss reducer to improve the water retention capacity of matrix, reduce water supply number of times and consumption.Through improving the combination property of matrix, improve the rich water utilization ratio, reduce resource consumption and environmental pollution, improve grow seedlings quality and efficient.
The water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition dedicated substrate; It is characterized in that: it is mixed according to the ratio assembly of 1:1:1 (v:v:v) by fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite; About vermiculite particle diameter 1mm, also fully blending is even in every cubic metre of matrix, to add 4kg water-loss reducer and 4kg controlled-release compound fertilizer.
The above-mentioned water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition dedicated substrate; It is characterized in that: the cotton seed hulls mushroom slag high temperature static pile fermentation that fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag adopts water content 60-70% (mass percent) is more than 60 days; Air-dry after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed; Smash, cross the 5mm sieve, remove thick residual body or impurity.
The above-mentioned water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition dedicated substrate is characterized in that: used controlled-release compound fertilizer N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is respectively 14%, 14%, 14% (mass percent), and film content is 5% (mass percent), and the control phase of executing is 3 months, particle diameter 3.0-3.5mm.
The above-mentioned water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition dedicated substrate, it is characterized in that: water-loss reducer belongs to the cross-linked polyacrylamide water-loss reducer, particle size 0.8-1.6mm, the suction multiple is 200 times.
The peat composed of rotten mosses with present routine: vermiculite 2:1 (v:v) seedling medium is compared, and this patent of invention has the following advantages:
1. economize on resources, save recruitment: the cotton seed hulls behind this composite interstitial substance utilization plantation edible mushroom, reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption 50%, and have nutrition and water retaining function, can simplify job management, save rich water and labour.
2. safety and environmental protection, pollution-free: cotton seed hulls mushroom slag partly substitutes the peat composed of rotten mosses, has reduced resource exploitation, and cotton seed hulls is organic materials, and discarded matrix can be used as soil conditioner, helps protecting environment.
3. improve grow seedlings quality and efficient: matrix of the present invention is suitable for the tomato soilless-cultivated seedling, can obviously promote growth of seedling than conventional seedbed system matrix, improves seedling quality, and streamlining management, improves breeding efficiency.
Specific embodiments
Embodiment 1
The water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition dedicated substrate is mixed according to the ratio assembly of 1:1:1 (v:v:v) by fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite; The cotton seed hulls mushroom slag high temperature static pile fermentation that fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag adopts water content 60-70% (mass percent) is more than 60 days, and the back of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is air-dry, smashes, and crosses the 5mm sieve, removes thick residual body or impurity.About vermiculite particle diameter 1mm.Also fully blending is even in every cubic metre of matrix, to add 4kg water-loss reducer and 4kg controlled-release compound fertilizer.Controlled-release compound fertilizer N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is respectively 14%, 14%, 14% (mass percent), and film content is 5% (mass percent), and the control phase of executing is 3 months, particle diameter 3.0-3.5mm.Water-loss reducer belongs to the cross-linked polyacrylamide water-loss reducer, particle size 0.8-1.6mm, and the suction multiple is 200 times.
With the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite 2:1 (v:v) is contrast (CK), and matrix of the present invention is selected 50 holes dish (the about 60cm of single hole volume for use for handling (T1)
3) the cultivation tomato seedling.In the daily management process,, handle (T1) spray clear water, contrast (CK) spray mountain rugged tomato proprietary formula nutrient solution according to the water content of substrate situation.Growth of seedling, physical signs are measured in the end of growing seedlings during 5-6 sheet leaf.Strong sprout index=(stem thick/plant height+root dry weight/ground dry weight) * complete stool dry weight.
The physicochemical character of table 1 different substrates prescription
| Handle | Total porosity (%) | Ventilating slit (%) | Water holding hole (%) | EC value (mScm -1) | pH |
| CK | 74.9 | 22.9 | 52.0 | 1.28 | 6.7 |
| T1 | 86.5 | 16.7 | 69.8 | 1.45 | 7.3 |
Can be known that by table 1 with respect to contrast (CK), the total porosity of matrix of the present invention (T1) and water holding hole all significantly increase, the ventilating slit decreases, and explains that its water retention capacity strengthens; EC value and pH value slightly raise, but still meet the plant growth requirement.
Table 2 different substrates prescription is to the influence of tomato growth index
| Handle | Plant height (cm) | Stem thick (cm) | Overground part dry weight (g) | Root dry weight (g) | Strong sprout index |
| CK | 17.23 | 0.366 | 0.578 | 0.107 | 0.142 |
| T1 | 24.81 | 0.432 | 0.940 | 0.188 | 0.245 |
Matrix of the present invention can obviously promote tomato seedling growth (table 2), and plant height and stem rough segmentation do not increase by 44.0% and 18.0% than CK, and overground part dry weight and root dry weight increase by 62.6% and 75.7% respectively, and strong sprout, index enlarged markedly.
Table 3 different substrates prescription is to the influence of tomato physical signs
| Handle | Chlorophyll content (mg.g -1) | Net Photosynthetic Rate (μ molCO 2.m -2.s -1) | Root system vigor (μ gTTC.g -1FW.h -1) |
| CK | 1.083 | 8.4 | 105.6 |
| T1 | 1.635 | 12.5 | 178.5 |
Matrix of the present invention helps improving the physiological metabolism active (table 3) of tomato seedling.With contrast matrix phase ratio, tomato seedling chlorophyll content and Net Photosynthetic Rate that this invention matrix is cultivated obviously raise, and the root system vigor strengthens.
Matrix of the present invention is used for tomato soilless-cultivated seedling water saving joint fertilizer efficiency fruit significantly, waters nutrient solution with the routine spray and compares, and can economize on water more than 30%, and joint is fertile more than 50%.
Above-mentioned application example explanation, the water-saving matrix of this nutrition is used for the tomato soilless-cultivated seedling, can effectively improve breeding efficiency and seedling quality, and it is remarkable to save fertile water-saving result.
Claims (4)
1. the water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of nutrition dedicated substrate; It is characterized in that: it is mixed according to the ratio assembly of volume ratio 1:1:1 by fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite; About vermiculite particle diameter 1mm, also fully blending is even in every cubic metre of matrix, to add 4kg water-loss reducer and 4kg controlled-release compound fertilizer.
2. the water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition according to claim 1 dedicated substrate; It is characterized in that: fermentation cotton seed hulls mushroom slag adopts water content to be the cotton seed hulls mushroom slag high temperature static pile fermentation of 60%-70% more than 60 days by mass percentage; Air-dry after fully becoming thoroughly decomposed; Smash, cross the 5mm sieve, remove thick residual body or impurity.
3. the water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition according to claim 2 dedicated substrate is characterized in that: used controlled-release compound fertilizer N, P
2O
5, K
2O content is respectively 14%, 14%, 14% by mass percentage, and film content is 5% by mass percentage, and the control phase of executing is 3 months, particle diameter 3.0-3.5mm.
4. the water-saving tomato soilless-cultivated seedling of a kind of nutrition according to claim 3 dedicated substrate, it is characterized in that: water-loss reducer belongs to the cross-linked polyacrylamide water-loss reducer, particle size 0.8-1.6mm, the suction multiple is 200 times.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870661A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-16 | 河北农业大学 | Planting matrix and application thereof in fruit and vegetable vegetables |
| CN106489590A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti bag trains full nutrient matrix formula and preparation method thereof and irrigation water management method |
| CN107556121A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-09 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | A kind of oenanthe stolonifera seedling medium and its preparation technology |
| CN108707043A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-10-26 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of medium for culturing solanaceous fruit vegetable seedlings and preparation method and application |
| CN110050681A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-26 | 北京市植物保护站 | A kind of tomato seedling method |
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| CN101367688A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国农业大学 | Controlled release water holding raise seedling culture medium for cucumber and method of preparing the same |
| CN101429062A (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Multifunctional additive for greening seedling growth substrate |
| CN101911909A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-15 | 山东农业大学 | Soilless seedling compound substrate formula for solanaceous fruit vegetables |
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2012
- 2012-03-05 CN CN201210053739XA patent/CN102577917A/en active Pending
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| CN101429062A (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-13 | 浙江省林业科学研究院 | Multifunctional additive for greening seedling growth substrate |
| CN101367688A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国农业大学 | Controlled release water holding raise seedling culture medium for cucumber and method of preparing the same |
| CN101911909A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-15 | 山东农业大学 | Soilless seedling compound substrate formula for solanaceous fruit vegetables |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870661A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-16 | 河北农业大学 | Planting matrix and application thereof in fruit and vegetable vegetables |
| CN106489590A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti bag trains full nutrient matrix formula and preparation method thereof and irrigation water management method |
| CN107556121A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-09 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | A kind of oenanthe stolonifera seedling medium and its preparation technology |
| CN108707043A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-10-26 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of medium for culturing solanaceous fruit vegetable seedlings and preparation method and application |
| CN110050681A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-07-26 | 北京市植物保护站 | A kind of tomato seedling method |
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Address after: North North Town Village 277000 Shandong province Shanting District of Zaozhuang City Applicant after: Zaozhuang Yihe Institute of Fruit & Vegetable Science Co-applicant after: Shandong Agricultural University Address before: North North Town Village 277000 Shandong province Shanting District of Zaozhuang City Applicant before: Zaozhuang Yihe Fruit and Vegetable Science Institute Co-applicant before: Shandong Agricultural University |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |