CN105601412A - Potato controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Potato controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105601412A CN105601412A CN201510960173.2A CN201510960173A CN105601412A CN 105601412 A CN105601412 A CN 105601412A CN 201510960173 A CN201510960173 A CN 201510960173A CN 105601412 A CN105601412 A CN 105601412A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a potato controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of the preparation of fertilizer. The potato controlled release fertilizer comprises the following ingredients by weight: 20-80 parts of a wrapping material and 150-600 parts of fertilizer particles. The controlled release fertilizer is prepared by the steps of crushing, extracting, filtering, concentrating, fermenting, granulating, drying, cooling, and packaging. The potato controlled release fertilizer has moderate and stable controlled release rate and balanced nutrition, promotes rapid and healthy growth of potato, and increases potato production; the potato controlled release fertilizer of the present invention is not only effective in preventing pests, but also can improve soil environment. The preparation method of the controlled release fertilizer potato is simple, and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer has been acknowledged as to the volume increase of crops the very important effect of playing. And the utilization rate of current chemical fertilizer is notFoot 30%, remainder, with soil erosion, is used chemical fertilizer and is not only caused significant wastage, has also polluted soil and underground water moneySource, therefore the slow control release type fertilizer of development is classified as the support project of giving priority to by country. There is at present slow control-release function type fertilizer veryCan play less applied once, can provide fertilizer to crops, can play again the object of controlling worm, due to slow control-release function type fertilizerSave labor, save manpower, so the medicine fertilizer that national agricultural technology center again can preventing disease pest control weeding using existing fertilizer efficiency is as emphasisPromotion project. General medicine fertilizer is processed by special process by chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide, the having of its fertilizer and agricultural chemicalsEffect composition does not possess slow control-release function, except not reaching crop demand in whole growth period, goes back contaminated soil and groundwater resources.Especially the pollution of chemical pesticide is comparatively serious, by repeatedly using, tends to cause the residues of pesticides in crops to exceed standard, tightGhost image sound people's physical and mental health and agricultural products in China are in the competitiveness of international market.
Based on above reason and rural laborer's aging at present and women and children's the increasing situation of ratio, be both badly in need of oneFertilizer efficiency can be provided, have again an insecticidal function; Can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, can extend again the desinsection time, and non agricultural chemical residuum be manyFunction new-type fertilizer, therefore, developing the moderate fertilizer stable and that have a Biocidal type of a kind of controlled release speed is development trend.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, with solve current direct use chemical fertilizer cause utilization rate low,The use of chemical pesticide causes Practice for Pesticide Residue in Agricultural Products large, human body is produced to the problems such as larger infringement, fertilizer control release of the present inventionSpeed is moderate and stable, balanced in nutrition, can effectively reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer, promotes potatoGrow up healthy and sound fast, improve potato yield; Simultaneously also preventing disease and pest effectively, improves soil environment, keeps ecological, environmental protective.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: lapping 20-80 part, fertiliser granulates150-600 part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: fatty acid amide 18-72 part, ammonium phosphate 0.5-2 part,Potassium nitrate 0.5-2 part, zinc nitrate 0.4-1.6 part, line borate 0.1-0.4 part, iron chloride 0.1-0.4 part, zinc chloride 0.1-0.4 part,Manganese chloride 0.1-0.4 part, copper chloride 0.1-0.4 part, water-loss reducer 0.1-0.4 part; Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, wrapsDraw together following raw material:
Print chinaberry 15-60 part, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 15-60 part, datura 15-60 part, purslane 15-60 part, kawakaw 15-60 part,Tea free 15-60 part, tarragon 15-60 part, yellow ginger 15-60 part, waste residue 10-40 part, earthworm powder 8-32 part, fulvic acid6-24 part, biological bacteria 2-8 part, micro-1-4 part, conditioner 1-4 part, dispersant 1-4 part, bleeding agent 1-4 part.
Preferably, described water-loss reducer comprises that polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch connectOne or more in branch PAA.
Preferably, described waste residue comprises marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, lemonOne or more in lemon acid sludge, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, soybean residue.
Preferably, described biological bacteria comprises that nitrogen-fixing bacteria, brood cell liver bacterium, ferment bacterium, saccharomycete, actinomyces, rhizobium, phosphorus are thinOne or more in bacterium, potassium bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Preferably, described trace element comprises one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
Preferably, described conditioner comprises one or more in bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, gypsum.
Preferably, described dispersant comprises the one in calcium lignosulfonate, N-sodium lauroyl glutamate, sldium lauryl sulfateOr multiple.
Preferably, described bleeding agent comprises soap powder, sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkylsurfuric acidOne or more in ester sodium.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:8-16, and ultrasonic power is 140-180W,Concentration of alcohol is 50%-80%, and extraction temperature is 50-70 DEG C, and extraction time is 60-90min, gained medical filtration, is concentrated intoAfter water content≤24% mixture, to add in mixture waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element,Conditioner, dispersant, bleeding agent, at 65-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-18 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and by remaining ferment liquidConcentrated at 45-65 DEG C, obtain concentrate, it is dry at 90-100 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle that described concentrate is caused to particle diameterDry to water content≤6%, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C, make fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 is 45-65 DEG C in temperature after evenly wrapping upUnder dry to water content≤6%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
It is as follows that component of the present invention has effect:
Print Melia in Meliaceae, come from Southeast Asia, contain and print chinaberry, solannin etc., there is good disinsection efficiency, insect oneDawn contact, growth will be suppressed.
Dalmatian chrysanthemum is containing 4 kinds of insecticidal constituents, pyrethrin (pyrethrin) I, II and cinerin (cinerin) I, II, Dalmatian chrysanthemum pairVarious insects has toxic action as mosquito, fly, bedbug and cockroach etc.
Datura is botanical pesticide, has extremely strong sterilization, insecticidal action.
Purslane is cold in nature, and the sweet acid of taste has clearing heat and detoxicatingly, and Li Shui dries, loose blood detumescence, and dust-collection sterilization, anti-inflammatory analgetic, onlyThe effects such as the cool blood of blood, have stronger inhibitory action to shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus and Escherichia coli.
Kawakaw contains multiple Ginkgolide Component, has anti-spasm, anti-top epilepsy, local anaesthesia, anti-inflammatory, Antifungi, desinsectionEtc. multiple physiological and pharmacological effect, shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus and Escherichia coli are had to stronger inhibitory action.
The extract of tea free has potent bactericidal action, and tea tree can effectively tackle for various mycotic infections, can kill goldStaphylococcus aureus, corynebacterium diphtheriae.
Tarragon has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, and multiple coccus, bacillus, fungi and virus etc. are all had and suppressed and killing action,It is the extremely strong one of antibacterial action in the natural plants of finding at present.
Turmeric extractive to multiple grain storage pest, desert locusts and mythimna separata etc. show certain repellent, fumigate, tag, stomach toxicity,Growth inhibition or oviposition deterrence isoreactivity; Meanwhile, some agriculture germs are had to very strong bactericidal action.
In waste residue, contain numerous nutritional labelings, can as fertilizer sources provide the nutrition of demand of plant growth, Promoting plant growth.
Earthworm strong adaptability, growth and breeding is fast, output is high, low price, and earthworm powder is contained all amino acid, and content is high,Phosphorus, calcium, mineral matter, vitamin content are also very abundant, and amino acid can promote root growth, strong sprout, healthy tree, enhancing bladePhotosynthetic function and crop degeneration-resistant.
The use of fulvic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and can effectively improve envelop rate, reduces the consumption of lapping,Reduce production cost.
The fertilizer that biological bacteria is made has volume increase, improves the function of quality, also has and significantly reduces nitrate in plant, nitrous acidSalt and content of beary metal, improve the effects such as chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and fertilizing soil.
Boron relatively concentrates in stem apex, the tip of a root, blade and floral organ in plant, the content in dicotyledon usually higher thanMonocotyledon. Boron can improve the nitrogenase activity of legume rhizobium, increases amount of nitrogen fixation, and when boron deficiency, root stays undeveloped,Affect amount of nitrogen fixation. Boron can also strengthen crop anti-adversity.
Iron is that chlorophyll formation is indispensable, is difficult to shift, so blade " chlorosis " is plant iron deficiency in plant bodyPerformance, and first this chlorosis shows on young leaflet tablet.
Copper is participated in photosynthesis, respiration, the nitrogen metabolism of plant, the resistance of enhancing plant. While lacking copper, plant strain growth is thin and weak,Young leaves jaundice, wilting withered, blade tip is curling to turn white, and has necrotic spot.
Zinc can promote crop to carry out photosynthesis, and it is the constituent of plurality of enzymes, and while lacking zinc, stagnating appears in crop growth.
In plant chloroplast, contain manganese, manganese can promote germination and growth in seedling period, when manganese deficiency, affect crop photosynthesis,The accumulation in vivo of respiration, nitrate nitrogen. Show as chlorosis yellow between blade arteries and veins, have brown spot.
Molybdenum is nitrogen-fixing microorganism, necessary while particularly fixing atmosphere nitrogen with the rhizobium of legume symbiosis. Again can simultaneouslyPromote leaf photosynthesis intensity. While lacking molybdenum, plant is short and small, chlorosis between blade arteries and veins, and leaf margin is dried-up, inwardly curling, becomes wilting state.
Water-loss reducer can strengthen soil water-retaining performance, improvement soil texture, the deep percolation that reduces water and loss of soil nutrient, raisingEfficiency of water application.
Conditioner can be improved soil, increase fertilizer efficiency stimulate crop growth, be soil and fertilizer conditioner and soil-repairing agent,The short long agent of plant growth.
Dispersant can reduce the viscosity of fertilizer particle and high molecular polymer, can make fertilizer particle rapid dispersion in water, also simultaneouslyCan make high molecular polymer bring into play its dispersiveness.
Bleeding agent has fixing hydrophilic and oleophilic group, can align, and can make surface tension significantly decline on the surface of solutionMaterial, there is the effect of the fertilizer efficiency of making and drug effect synergy simultaneously.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) potato release and release control fertilizer controlled release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, and fertiliser granulates is balanced in nutrition, can effectively reduce fertilizerThe turnover rate of material, the utilization ratio of raising fertilizer, promotes that potato grows up healthy and sound fast, improves potato yield;
(2) in potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention lapping increase the required nitrogen of potato growth, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, boron,The elements such as zinc, iron, manganese, copper, can avoid controlled release fertilizer deficiency in early stage, affect the shortcoming of potato growth;
(3) in potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, lapping increases water-loss reducer, can strengthen soil water-retaining performance, improvement soilStructure, the deep percolation that reduces water and loss of soil nutrient, raising efficiency of water application;
(4) potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention uses fulvic acid, can effectively improve envelop rate, reduces the use of lappingAmount, reduces production cost;
(5) potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention uses conditioner, can improve soil, increases fertilizer efficiency and stimulates crop growth;
(6) potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention uses dispersant, can reduce the viscosity of fertilizer particle and high molecular polymer, energyMake fertilizer particle rapid dispersion in water, be conducive to plant and absorb;
(7) potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention uses bleeding agent to have the effect of the fertilizer efficiency of making and drug effect synergy;
(8) the absolutely large portion of potato release and release control fertilizer composition of the present invention degradable, can not bring environmental pollution;
(9) potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention preventing disease and pest effectively, shortens growth cycle, improves crop yield,And can improve soil environment;
(10) potato release and release control fertilizer preparation method of the present invention is simple to operate, is conducive to apply.
Detailed description of the invention
Be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 20 parts of lappings, fertiliser granulates 600Part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 18 parts of fatty acid amides, 0.5 part, ammonium phosphate, nitric acid0.5 part, potassium, 0.4 part of zinc nitrate, 0.1 part of line borate, 0.1 part, iron chloride, 0.1 part of zinc chloride, 0.1 part of manganese chloride, chlorination0.1 part of copper, 0.1 part of polyacrylamide;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print 60 parts of chinaberrys, 60 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 60 parts of daturas, 60 parts of purslanes, 60 parts of kawakaws, 60 parts of tea frees,60 parts of tarragons, 60 parts of yellow gingers, 40 parts of marcs, 32 parts of earthworm powders, 24 parts of fulvic acids, 8 parts, saccharomycete, boron element4 parts, 4 parts of bentonites, 4 parts of calcium lignosulfonates, 4 parts of soap powder.
The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:8, and ultrasonic power is 140W, secondDetermining alcohol is 50%, and extracting temperature is 50 DEG C, and extraction time is 90min, and gained medical filtration, to be concentrated into water content be 24%After mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersionAgent, bleeding agent, 65 DEG C of bottom fermentations 18 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 45 DEG C,To concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content after 1.5-2.5mm particle to be 6% that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, coldBut to 25 DEG C, makes fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 is 45-55 DEG C in temperature after evenly wrapping upUnder dry to water content be 6%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 80 parts of lappings, fertiliser granulates 150Part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 72 parts of fatty acid amides, 2 parts, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate2 parts, 1.6 parts of zinc nitrates, 0.4 part of line borate, 0.4 part, iron chloride, 0.4 part of zinc chloride, 0.4 part of manganese chloride, copper chloride0.4 part of 0.4 part, Sodium Polyacrylate;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print 15 parts of chinaberrys, 15 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 15 parts of daturas, 15 parts of purslanes, 15 parts of kawakaws, 15 parts of tea frees,15 parts of tarragons, 15 parts of yellow gingers, 10 parts of bagasses, 8 parts of earthworm powders, 6 parts of fulvic acids, 2 parts of ferment bacterium, boron element0.5 part, 0.5 part of manganese element, 1 part of kaolin, 1 part of N-sodium lauroyl glutamate, 1 part of sodium lignin sulfonate.
The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:16, and ultrasonic power is 180W,Concentration of alcohol is 80%, and extracting temperature is 70 DEG C, and extraction time is 60min, and gained medical filtration, to be concentrated into water content be 20%After mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersionAgent, bleeding agent, 80 DEG C of bottom fermentations 10 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 65 DEG C,To concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content after 1.5-2.5mm particle to be 4% that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, coldBut to 30 DEG C, makes fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 is 55-65 DEG C in temperature after evenly wrapping upUnder dry to water content be 4%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 50 parts of lappings, fertiliser granulates 350Part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 45 parts of fatty acid amides, 1.2 parts, ammonium phosphate, nitric acid1.2 parts, potassium, 1 part of zinc nitrate, 0.3 part of line borate, 0.3 part, iron chloride, 0.3 part of zinc chloride, 0.2 part of manganese chloride, chlorination0.2 part of copper, 0.1 part of polyacrylic acid potassium, 0.1 part of ammonium polyacrylate, 0.1 part, starch graft acrylic acid sodium;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print 35 parts of chinaberrys, 35 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 35 parts of daturas, 35 parts of purslanes, 35 parts of kawakaws, 35 parts of tea frees,35 parts of tarragons, 35 parts of yellow gingers, 5 parts of edible fungi residues, 5 parts of sugared slags, 5 parts of acid-sludges, 5 parts of feculas, 5 parts of manioc wastes,20 parts of earthworm powders, 12 parts of fulvic acids, 1 part, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of ferment bacterium, 1 part of phosphobacteria, 1 part, potassium bacterium, phosphorus decomposing1 part of bacterium, 0.5 part of ferro element, 0.5 part of boron element, 0.5 part of manganese element, 0.5 part of copper, 0.5 part of bentonite, Gao Ling0.5 part, soil, 0.5 part, diatomite, 0.5 part, gypsum, 1 part of N-sodium lauroyl glutamate, 1 part of sldium lauryl sulfate, alkyl1 part of sodium sulfonate, 1 part of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:12, and ultrasonic power is 160W,Concentration of alcohol is 75%, and extracting temperature is 60 DEG C, and extraction time is 75min, and gained medical filtration, to be concentrated into water content be 22%After mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersionAgent, bleeding agent, 70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 16 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 55 DEG C,To concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content after 1.5-2.5mm particle to be 5% that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, coldBut to 27 DEG C, makes fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: be to dry at 65 DEG C in temperature after the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 evenly wraps upDo to water content be 5%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 40 parts of lappings, fertiliser granulates 500Part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 36 parts of fatty acid amides, 1 part, ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate1 part, 0.8 part of zinc nitrate, 0.2 part of line borate, 0.2 part, iron chloride, 0.2 part of zinc chloride, 0.2 part of manganese chloride, copper chloride0.2 part, 0.1 part of polyacrylamide, 0.1 part, starch graft acrylic acid sodium;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print 50 parts of chinaberrys, 50 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 50 parts of daturas, 50 parts of purslanes, 50 parts of kawakaws, 50 parts of tea frees,50 parts of tarragons, 50 parts of yellow gingers, 8 parts of citric acid wastes, 8 parts of soy sauce residues, 8 parts of residue of monosodium glutamate, 8 parts of soybean residues, earthworm powder 30Part, 20 parts of fulvic acids, 1 part of brood cell liver bacterium, 1 part, saccharomycete, 1 part, actinomyces, 1 part of rhizobium, 1 part of phosphobacteria,1 part, potassium bacterium, 1 part of boron element, 1 part of zinc element, 1 part of molybdenum element, 3 parts, diatomite, 3 parts of calcium lignosulfonates, wood3 parts of quality sodium sulfonates.
The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:10, and ultrasonic power is 150W,Concentration of alcohol is 60%, and extracting temperature is 55 DEG C, and extraction time is 80min, and gained medical filtration, to be concentrated into water content be 24%After mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersionAgent, bleeding agent, 75 DEG C of bottom fermentations 12 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 50 DEG C,To concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content after 1.5-2.5mm particle to be 6% that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, coldBut to 29 DEG C, makes fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: be to dry at 50 DEG C in temperature after the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 evenly wraps upDo to water content be 6%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 60 parts of lappings, fertiliser granulates 300Part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: 54 parts of fatty acid amides, 1.5 parts, ammonium phosphate, nitric acid1.5 parts, potassium, 1.2 parts of zinc nitrates, 0.3 part of line borate, 0.3 part, iron chloride, 0.3 part of zinc chloride, 0.3 part of manganese chloride, chlorination0.3 part of copper, 0.3 part of polyacrylamide;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print 30 parts of chinaberrys, 30 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemums, 30 parts of daturas, 30 parts of purslanes, 30 parts of kawakaws, 30 parts of tea frees,30 parts of tarragons, 30 parts of yellow gingers, 20 parts of edible fungi residues, 16 parts of earthworm powders, 12 parts of fulvic acids, 4 parts, saccharomycete, boron unit2 parts of elements, 2 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of N-sodium lauroyl glutamates, 2 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonates.
The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding,Under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extraction is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:14, and ultrasonic power is 170W,Concentration of alcohol is 70%, and extracting temperature is 65 DEG C, and extraction time is 70min, and gained medical filtration, to be concentrated into water content be 20%After mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersionAgent, bleeding agent, 80 DEG C of bottom fermentations 10 days, leave standstill zymotic fluid to abandon precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 65 DEG C,To concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content after 1.5-2.5mm particle to be 6% that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, coldBut to 26 DEG C, makes fertiliser granulates;
S2: by fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, chlorineAfter change copper, water-loss reducer fully mix, make lapping;
S3: be to dry at 65 DEG C in temperature after the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 evenly wraps upDo to water content be 5%, make potato release and release control fertilizer.
For the effect of checking potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, by following experimental verification.
(1) result of extraction of Wrapped fertilizer experiment
Get the potato release and release control fertilizer of embodiment 1,2,3 preparation, and get prepared by embodiment 1 without Wrapped fertilizer and use polyethyleneThe fertilizer of parcel in contrast, is immersed in clear water, detects fertilizer dissolution rate wherein at different time water sampling, and result is as followsShown in table.
As seen from the above table, almost all dissolve at once without Wrapped fertilizer, show not there is slow releasing function; With the fertilizer of polyethylene parcelMaterial, except there is no the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (sealing) in initial dissolving, almost no longer disengages thereafter fertilizer; Embodiment 1,2,3The envelop rate of the potato release and release control fertilizer of preparation is higher, and the fertilizer that major part is sealed continues to disengage in the back.
(2) potato fertilizer control release effect experiment
Experiment one: the potato release and release control fertilizer that adopts embodiment 1 to prepare carries out fertilizer test to potato, annual only as base manureUse once, what prepare taking embodiment 1 is contrast without Wrapped fertilizer particle simultaneously, and other planting conditions are identical, experimental group comparisonPotato average product according to group increases 8.8%.
Experiment two: the potato release and release control fertilizer that adopts embodiment 2 to prepare carries out fertilizer test to potato, annual only as base manureUse once, what prepare taking embodiment 2 is contrast without Wrapped fertilizer particle simultaneously, and other planting conditions are identical, experimental group comparisonAccording to the potato average product volume increase 9.2% of group.
Experiment three: the potato release and release control fertilizer that adopts embodiment 3 to prepare carries out fertilizer test to potato, annual only as base manureUse once, what prepare taking embodiment 3 is contrast without Wrapped fertilizer particle simultaneously, and other planting conditions are identical, experimental group comparisonAccording to the potato average product volume increase 9.5% of group.
Comprehensive above three experiments are known, potato average product volume increase 8.8%-9.5%, visible potato Controlled Release Fertilizer of the present inventionExpect, can effectively reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, simultaneously balanced in nutrition, can promote potato strong fastKang Chengchang, improves potato yield.
(3) potato release and release control fertilizer preventing disease and pest effect experiment
Choose the basically identical potato ground of six block specifications, be made as potato ground a, potato ground b, potato ground c, potatoGround d, potato ground e, potato ground f, plant potato on six ground, wherein potato ground a, potato ground b, potato groundC uses same not have the common fertilizer of Biocidal, and potato ground d, potato ground e, potato ground f use respectively realityExecute the fertilizer of example 1,2,3, calculate with every mu of fertilising 120kg, observe the potato growth situation on six potato ground. ResultShow: potato gloss difference, plant that potato ground a, potato ground b, potato ground c kind are planted are unhealthy, and the speed of growth is slow,Plant is little, yields poorly, and the potato good luster that potato ground d, potato ground e, potato ground f kind are planted, plant health,Leaf dark green plumpness, fast growth, plant is large, output is high, with do not use product of the present invention potato compared with, every muVolume increase 1037.2-1091.2kg, and use the disease and pest in the potato ground of product of the present invention substantially not have, visible horse of the present inventionBell potato release and release control fertilizer preventing disease and pest effectively, and can be balanced in nutrition, improve soil environment, promote crops strong fastKang Chengchang, shortens growth cycle, improves crop yield.
Above content can not assert that the present invention is concrete and implement to be confined to these explanations, common for the technical field of the inventionTechnical staff, conceives under prerequisite not departing from the present invention, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered asBelong to the present invention by the definite scope of patent protection of submitted to claims.
Claims (9)
1. a potato release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: lapping 20-80 part, fertiliser granulates 150-600 part;
Described lapping, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material: fatty acid amide 18-72 part, ammonium phosphate 0.5-2 part, potassium nitrate 0.5-2 part, zinc nitrate 0.4-1.6 part, line borate 0.1-0.4 part, iron chloride 0.1-0.4 part, zinc chloride 0.1-0.4 part, manganese chloride 0.1-0.4 part, copper chloride 0.1-0.4 part, water-loss reducer 0.1-0.4 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, taking weight portion as unit, comprises following raw material:
Print chinaberry 15-60 part, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 15-60 part, datura 15-60 part, purslane 15-60 part, kawakaw 15-60 part, tea free 15-60 part, tarragon 15-60 part, yellow ginger 15-60 part, waste residue 10-40 part, earthworm powder 8-32 part, fulvic acid 6-24 part, biological bacteria 2-8 part, micro-1-4 part, conditioner 1-4 part, dispersant 1-4 part, bleeding agent 1-4 part.
2. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-loss reducer comprises one or more in polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch graft acrylic acid sodium.
3. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described waste residue comprises one or more in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, soybean residue.
4. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological bacteria comprises one or more in nitrogen-fixing bacteria, brood cell liver bacterium, ferment bacterium, saccharomycete, actinomyces, rhizobium, phosphobacteria, potassium bacterium, phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
5. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described trace element comprises one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
6. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described conditioner comprises one or more in bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, gypsum.
7. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described dispersant comprises one or more in calcium lignosulfonate, N-sodium lauroyl glutamate, sldium lauryl sulfate.
8. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bleeding agent comprises one or more in soap powder, sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfate sodium.
9. according to a preparation method for the potato release and release control fertilizer described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: will print chinaberry, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, datura, purslane, kawakaw, tea free, tarragon, yellow ginger co-grinding, under ultrasonic wave Assisted Ethanol extraction method, extract liquid, the condition of extracting is: solid-liquid ratio is 1:8-16, ultrasonic power is 140-180W, concentration of alcohol is 50%-80%, extraction temperature is 50-70 DEG C, extraction time is 60-90min, gained medical filtration, after being concentrated into water content≤24%, obtain mixture, in mixture, add waste residue, earthworm powder, fulvic acid, biological bacteria, trace element, conditioner, dispersant, bleeding agent is at 65-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-18 days, zymotic fluid is left standstill and abandons precipitation, and remaining ferment liquid is concentrated at 45-65 DEG C, obtain concentrate, it is at 90-100 DEG C, to be dried to water content≤6% after 1.5-2.5mm particle that described concentrate is caused to particle diameter, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C, make fertiliser granulates,
S2: after fatty acid amide, ammonium phosphate, zinc nitrate, potassium nitrate, line borate, iron chloride, zinc chloride, manganese chloride, copper chloride, water-loss reducer are fully mixed, make lapping;
S3: the fertiliser granulates that the lapping making with step S2 makes step S1 is to dry to water content≤6% at 45-65 DEG C in temperature after evenly wrapping up, and makes potato release and release control fertilizer.
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| CN105130690A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-09 | 李志山 | Chili-controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160525 |