CN105198662A - Potato controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of fertilizers. The potato controlled-release fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in part by weight: 50-130 parts of wrapping materials and 200-1200 parts of fertilizer particles. The potato controlled-release fertilizer is prepared by the following steps of pulverizing, extracting, filtering, concentrating, fermenting, pelleting, drying, cooling, wrapping and the like. Controlled-release speed of the potato controlled-release fertilizer is moderate and stable, nutrition is balanced, wastage rate of the fertilizer can be reduced effectively, utilization efficiency of the fertilizer is improved, quick and healthful growth of potatoes is promoted, yield of the potatoes is improved, plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented effectively, and a soil environment is improved.

Description

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[technical field]

The invention belongs to fertilizer preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

[background technology]

Chemical fertilizer has been acknowledged as the volume increase of farm crop and has played very important effect.And the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer is less than 30% at present, rest part, with soil erosion, is used chemical fertilizer and is not only caused significant wastage, also pollutes soil and groundwater resource.Therefore the slow control release type fertilizer of development is classified as the support project given priority to by country.Having slow control-release function type fertilizer is at present the effect can only played Appropriate application fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution substantially, and does not seldom play applied once, can provide fertilizer, can play again the object controlling worm to farm crop.Save labor, save manpower, thus national agricultural technology center using existing fertilizer efficiency again can the medicine of preventing disease pest control weeding fertile in key popularized project.General medicine fertilizer is processed by special process by chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide, and its fertilizer and agriculture the effective elements of the medicine do not possess slow control-release function and do not reach outside crop demand in whole vegetative period, go back contaminated soil and groundwater resource.Especially the pollution of chemical pesticide is comparatively serious, and by repeatedly using, often to cause in farm crop residual exceeds standard, and has a strong impact on physical and mental health and the competitive power of agricultural products in China in world market of people.

Based on the situation that the ratio of above reason and current rural laborer's aging and women and children is increasing, be badly in need of one and can provide fertilizer efficiency, have again an insecticidal function; Can utilization rate of fertilizer be improved, the desinsection time can be extended again, and the Multifucntional fertilizer of non agricultural chemical residuum, therefore, develop a kind of controlled release rate moderate stable and the fertilizer with Biocidal type is development trend.

[summary of the invention]

The invention provides a kind of potato release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, directly use the utilization ratio caused low to solve current chemical fertilizer, the use of chemical pesticide causes agricultural-food residual large, larger infringement and agricultural chemicals are produced to human body, chemical fertilizer uses respectively and causes labor force to increase to decline with Rural Areas at Present labor force the problem such as inadaptable, fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improve the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promote that potato grows up healthy and sound fast, improve potato yield, simultaneously also can preventing disease and pest effectively, improve edatope.

For solving above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50-130 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1200 part;

Described lapping, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: fatty 45-120 part, sylvite 2-3 part, microcosmic salt 1-3 part, nitrogen salt 1-2 part, boron salt 0.2-0.4 part, molysite 0.2-0.4 part, zinc salt 0.2-0.4 part, manganese salt 0.2-0.4 part, mantoquita 0.2-0.4 part;

Described sylvite comprise in Repone K, potassium sulfate, saltpetre, salt of wormwood, saleratus one or more;

Described microcosmic salt comprise in calcium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, tertiary iron phosphate, zinc phosphate one or more;

Described nitrogen salt comprise in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate one or more;

Described boron salt comprise in potassium borate, Sodium Tetraborate, lime borate, magnesium borate one or more;

Described molysite comprise in ferrous sulfate, ferrous glycine, iron(ic) chloride, tertiary iron phosphate one or more;

Described zinc salt comprise in zinc chloride, zinc glycinate, the sub-zinc of sulfuric acid one or more;

Described manganese salt comprise in Mn-Gly, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate one or more;

Described mantoquita comprise in glycocoll-copper, cupric chloride, copper sulfate one or more;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 20-150 part, bark of official magnolia 20-150 part, aloe 15-100 part, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 15-100 part, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 15-100 part, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 15-100 part, capsicum 15-100 part, print chinaberry 15-100 part, tobacco leftovers 15-100 part, garlic bar 15-100 part, yellow humic acid 10-40 part, waste residue 10-18 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 8-12 part, biological bacteria 4-8 part, micro-2-6 part, water-holding agent 2-6 part, amendment 2-6 part, dispersion agent 2-4 part;

Described water-holding agent comprise in polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch graft acrylic acid sodium one or more;

Described amendment comprise in wilkinite, kaolin, diatomite, gypsum one or more;

Described dispersion agent comprise in polyoxyethylene, urethane, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium, Potassium tripolyphosphate one or more.

Preferably, described potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 80-100 part, fertiliser granulates 400-1000 part.

Preferably, described fat to carry out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot.

Preferably, described waste residue comprises one or more in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making.

Preferably, described biological bacteria comprises one or more in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria.

Preferably, described trace element comprises one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, solvent extraction, filter, mixture A is obtained after being concentrated into water content≤30%, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element, water-holding agent, amendment, dispersion agent is at 30-90 DEG C of bottom fermentation 5-35 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B being made particle diameter is dry to water content≤8% at 50-90 DEG C after 1-3mm particle, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, sylvite, microcosmic salt, nitrogen salt, boron salt, molysite, zinc salt, manganese salt, mantoquita are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 45-75 DEG C, obtained potato release and release control fertilizer.

Preferably, solvent described in step S1 comprises one or more in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride.

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia dicotyledons medicine leguminous plants, extract bitter, very toxic, there is killing parasites to relieve itching, by effects such as arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness.

The ether of the bark of official magnolia and methanol extract have strong anti-microbial effect to cariogenic bacteria streptococcus mutans (Streptococusmatuans), and its Antibacterial Constituents is defined as Magnolol and Honokiol.Both are 6.3 μ g/ml to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of streptococcus mutans, and its anti-microbial effect (to streptococcus mutans) is stronger than berberine.The first deduction of the bark of official magnolia divides magnocurarine and Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis volatile oil saturated aqueous solution to have certain bacteriostatic action to streptococcus aureus, sarcina and Bacillus subtilus, and the bark of official magnolia also has anti-microbial activity to pneumococcus and dysentery bacterium.

Aloe contains the multiple nutritional components such as xylogen, aloietic acid, saponin, anthraquinone, aloin, VITAMIN, oxydase, lipase, amylase, Methionin, leucine, Threonine, Isoleucine, phenylalanine, α-amino-isovaleric acid.Extract component tinctura aloes in aloe is the material that germ resistance is very strong, the germs such as energy killing fungus, mould, bacterium, virus, the growth breeding of suppression and eliminating pathogen, the germ class of aloe antibiotic sterilization has: the germ of the diseases such as diphtheria bacterium, tetanolysin, pulmonitis strain, milk-acid bacteria, dysentery bacillus, colibacillus, Bubonic plague bacterium, cholera bacteria and initiation otitis media, urocystitis, pyesis, measles, rabies, poliomyelitis, epidemic encephalitis.

Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, desinsection and anti-tumor activity composition, and extract has obvious anti-microbial effect to watermelon Fusarium oxysporum, mango anthrax-bacilus, banana Fusarium oxysporum and musae etc.

Roots of Euphorbia soongarica is per nnial herb, main product in Gansu, the ground such as Xinjiang and Russia, the substitute in new thick area as the root of Beijing euphorbia uses, and has effect of removing fluid-retention by purgation, dispersing swelling and dissipating binds.

Chinese ash has the effects such as antibacterial, desinsection, removing toxic substances, and leaf is poisonous, can used as pesticides sterilant.

Capsicine in capsicum has antibacterial insecticidal action, has obvious restraining effect to streptococcus aureus, subtilis, intestinal bacteria, cereuisiae fermentum, bacterium wine yeast etc.

Print Melia, in Meliaceae, comes from South East Asia, and containing print chinaberry, solannin etc., have good disinsection efficiency, insect is once contact, and growth will be suppressed.

Tobacco has the effects such as promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, eliminating dampness, detumescence, removing toxic substances desinsection.

In garlic, sulfocompound has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, all has suppression and killing action to multiple coccus, bacillus, fungi and virus etc., is the one that in the natural phant found at present, anti-microbial effect is the strongest.

The use of yellow humic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost.

Containing numerous nutritive ingredients in waste residue, the nutrition of demand of plant growth can be provided as fertilizer, Promoting plant growth.

Fushou spiral shell is individual greatly, feeding habits are wide, strong adaptability, growth and breeding are fast, output is high, low price, Fushou spiral shell powder contains rich in protein, carotene, multivitamin and mineral substance, the amino acid that its breaks down proteins becomes can promote root growth, strong sprout, healthy tree, the photosynthetic function of enhancing blade and the degeneration-resistant of crop.

The fertilizer that biological bacteria is made has the function of volume increase, oil recovery enhancement, also has and significantly reduces nitrate in plant materials, nitrite and heavy metal content, improves the effect such as chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and fertilizing soil.

Boron compares and concentrates in stem apex, the tip of a root, blade and floral organ in plant materials, and the content in dicotyledons is usually higher than monocotyledons.Boron can improve the nitrogenase activity of leguminous crop root nodule bacterium, and increase amount of nitrogen fixation, during boron deficiency, root stays undeveloped, affects amount of nitrogen fixation.Boron can also strengthen crop anti-adversity.

Iron is that chlorophyll formation is indispensable, and in plant body, be difficult to transfer, so blade " chlorosis " is the performance of plant iron deficiency, and first this chlorosis shows on young leaflet tablet.

Copper participates in the resistance of the photosynthesis of plant, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, enhancing plant.During scarce copper, plant strain growth is thin and weak, and young leaves turns to be yellow, and wilting withered, blade tip is curling to turn white, and has necrotic spot.

Zinc can promote that crop carries out photosynthesis, and it is the moiety of multiple enzyme, and during scarce zinc, stagnating appears in crop growth.

Containing manganese in plant chloroplast, manganese can promote seed germination and seedling growth in period, affects the accumulation in vivo of the photosynthesis of crop, respiration, nitric nitrogen during manganese deficiency.Show as chlorosis yellow between blade arteries and veins, have brown spot.

Molybdenum is nitrogen-fixing microorganism, necessary when particularly fixing air nitrogen with the root nodule bacterium of leguminous crop symbiosis.Leaf photosynthesis intensity can be promoted again simultaneously.During scarce molybdenum, plant is short and small, chlorosis between blade arteries and veins, and leaf margin is dried-up, inwardly curling, becomes wilting state.

Water-holding agent can strengthen soil water-retaining performance, improvement Soil structure, the deep percolation reducing water and loss of soil nutrient, raising efficiency of water application.

Amendment can improve soil, increases fertilizer efficiency and stimulates crop growth, is soil fertilizer conditioner and long agent is urged in soil-repairing agent, plant growth.

Polyoxyethylene is water-wet side, can be combined with fertilizer particle, and water soluble polyurethane resin has good water tolerance, and its molecular chain well can stretch in water, is arranged in interface uniformly, increases sterically hindered, makes fertilizer particle be quickly dispersed in water; Water soluble polyurethane resin has wettability simultaneously, and water molecules can be made to immerse fertilizer particle fast, promotes the dissolving of fertilizer.Methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium, Potassium tripolyphosphate is water-soluble, and there is dispersiveness, Potassium tripolyphosphate is water-soluble inorganic dispersion agent, its dispersing property is excellent, the viscosity of fertilizer particle and high molecular polymer can be reduced, fertilizer particle can be made to be quickly dispersed in water, high molecular polymer also can be made simultaneously to play its dispersiveness.

The present invention has following beneficial effect:

(1) fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, and fertiliser granulates is balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promotes that potato grows up healthy and sound fast, improves potato yield;

(2) lapping increases the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, zinc, iron, manganese, copper needed for potato growth, controlled release fertilizer in early stage can be avoided not enough, affect the shortcoming of potato growth;

(3) fat in lapping carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot and forms, and can greatly reduce costs;

(4) the present invention uses yellow humic acid, effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost;

(5) the present invention uses water-holding agent, can strengthen soil water-retaining performance, improvement Soil structure, the deep percolation reducing water and loss of soil nutrient, raising efficiency of water application;

(6) the present invention uses amendment, can improve soil, increases fertilizer efficiency and stimulates crop growth;

(7) the present invention uses dispersion agent, can reduce the viscosity of fertilizer particle and high molecular polymer, fertilizer particle can be made to be quickly dispersed in water, be conducive to plant absorption;

(8) fertilizer component of the present invention large absolutely portion degradable, can not bring environmental pollution;

(9) fertilizer of the present invention can not only preventing disease and pest effectively, shortens growth cycle, improves crop yield, and can improve edatope;

(10) method for preparing fertilizer of the present invention is simple to operate, is conducive to applying.

[embodiment]

Be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50 parts, fertiliser granulates 1200 parts;

Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: 45 parts, fat, 2 parts, Repone K, 1 part, calcium phosphate, 1 part, bicarbonate of ammonia, potassium borate 0.2 part, 0.2 part, ferrous sulfate, zinc chloride 0.2 part, Mn-Gly 0.2 part, glycocoll-copper 0.2 part, described fat carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 150 parts, the bark of official magnolia 150 parts, aloe 100 parts, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 100 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 100 parts, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 100 parts, 100 parts, capsicum, print chinaberry 100 parts, tobacco leftovers 100 parts, 100 parts, garlic bar, yellow humic acid 40 parts, marc 18 parts, 12 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism 8 parts, boron 6 parts, polyacrylamide 6 parts, wilkinite 6 parts, polyoxyethylene 4 parts.

The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, ethonal extraction, filter, be concentrated into water content be after 30% mixture A, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, marc, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism, boron, polyacrylamide, wilkinite, polyoxyethylene was 30 DEG C of bottom fermentations 35 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B is made particle diameter be dry at 50 DEG C after 1-3mm particle to water content be 8%, be cooled to 25 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, Repone K, calcium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia, potassium borate, ferrous sulfate, zinc chloride, Mn-Gly, glycocoll-copper are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: it is 6% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 45 DEG C, obtains potato release and release control fertilizer.

Embodiment 2

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 130 parts, fertiliser granulates 200 parts;

Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: 120 parts, fat, potassium sulfate 3 parts, trimagnesium phosphate 3 parts, volatile salt 2 parts, Sodium Tetraborate 0.4 part, ferrous glycine 0.4 part, zinc glycinate 0.4 part, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 0.4 part, cupric chloride 0.4 part, described fat carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 20 parts, the bark of official magnolia 20 parts, aloe 15 parts, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 15 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 15 parts, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 15 parts, 15 parts, capsicum, print chinaberry 15 parts, tobacco leftovers 15 parts, 15 parts, garlic bar, yellow humic acid 10 parts, bagasse 10 parts, 8 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, brood cell liver bacterium 4 parts, ferro element 2 parts, sodium polyacrylate 2 parts, kaolin 2 parts, urethane 2 parts.

The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, acetone solvent are extracted, filter, be concentrated into water content be after 28% mixture A, yellow humic acid, bagasse, Fushou spiral shell powder, brood cell liver bacterium, ferro element, sodium polyacrylate, kaolin, urethane is added 90 DEG C of bottom fermentations 5 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B being made particle diameter is dry to water content at 90 DEG C after 1-3mm particle to be 7%, to be cooled to 30 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates;

S2: fat, potassium sulfate, trimagnesium phosphate, volatile salt, Sodium Tetraborate, ferrous glycine, zinc glycinate, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, cupric chloride are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 75 DEG C, obtains potato release and release control fertilizer.

Embodiment 3

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 80 parts, fertiliser granulates 1000 parts;

Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: lipase 37 5 parts, 2 parts, saltpetre, tertiary iron phosphate 1 part, ammonium chloride 1 part, lime borate 0.2 part, 0.2 part, iron(ic) chloride, sulfuric acid sub-0.2 part, zinc, manganese sulfate 0.2 part, 0.2 part, copper sulfate, described fat carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 125 parts, the bark of official magnolia 125 parts, aloe 85 parts, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 85 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 85 parts, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 85 parts, 85 parts, capsicum, print chinaberry 85 parts, tobacco leftovers 85 parts, 85 parts, garlic bar, yellow humic acid 30 parts, edible fungi residues 4 parts, sugar slag 3 parts, acid-sludge 3 parts, fecula 3 parts, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 1 part, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 1 part, enzymatic microorganism 1 part, 1 part, yeast, 1 part, actinomycetes, ferro element 1 part, boron 1 part, manganese element 1 part, polyacrylic acid potassium 4 parts, 3 parts, diatomite, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium 2 parts.

The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, ether solvent extracts, filter, be concentrated into water content be after 25% mixture A, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, edible fungi residues, sugar slag, acid-sludge, fecula, Fushou spiral shell powder, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, ferro element, boron, manganese element, polyacrylic acid potassium, diatomite, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium was 60 DEG C of bottom fermentations 20 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B is made particle diameter be dry at 70 DEG C after 1-3mm particle to water content be 6%, be cooled to 28 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, saltpetre, tertiary iron phosphate, ammonium chloride, lime borate, iron(ic) chloride, the sub-zinc of sulfuric acid, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: it is 4% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 60 DEG C, obtains potato release and release control fertilizer.

Embodiment 4

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 100 parts, fertiliser granulates 400 parts;

Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: 90 parts, fat, 3 parts, salt of wormwood, zinc phosphate 3 parts, 2 parts, ammonium sulfate, magnesium borate 0.4 part, tertiary iron phosphate 0.4 part, sulfuric acid sub-0.4 part, zinc, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.4 part, 0.4 part, copper sulfate, described fat carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 45 parts, the bark of official magnolia 45 parts, aloe 30 parts, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 30 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 30 parts, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 30 parts, 30 parts, capsicum, print chinaberry 30 parts, tobacco leftovers 30 parts, 30 parts, garlic bar, yellow humic acid 20 parts, manioc waste 3 parts, citric acid waste 3 parts, soy sauce residues 3 parts, residue of monosodium glutamate 3 parts, residue from beans after making 3 parts, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism 1 part, 1 part, yeast, 1 part, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 1 part, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, B. mucilaginocus 1 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 1 part, boron 1 part, manganese element 1 part, copper 1 part, zinc element 1 part, molybdenum element 1 part, ammonium polyacrylate 4 parts, 5 parts, gypsum, Potassium tripolyphosphate 4 parts.

The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, chloroform solvent extracts, filter, be concentrated into water content be after 24% mixture A, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, boron, manganese element, copper, zinc element, molybdenum element, ammonium polyacrylate, gypsum, Potassium tripolyphosphate was 40 DEG C of bottom fermentations 30 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B is made particle diameter be dry at 40 DEG C after 1-3mm particle to water content be 6%, be cooled to 26 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, salt of wormwood, zinc phosphate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium borate, tertiary iron phosphate, the sub-zinc of sulfuric acid, manganese sulfate monohydrate, copper sulfate are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: it is 6% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 55 DEG C, obtains potato release and release control fertilizer.

Embodiment 5

A kind of potato release and release control fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 90 parts, fertiliser granulates 700 parts;

Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: 82.5 parts, fat, 1 part, salt of wormwood, saleratus 1 part, tertiary iron phosphate 1 part, zinc phosphate 1 part, 1 part, ammonium sulfate, 1 part, ammonium nitrate, Sodium Tetraborate 0.1 part, lime borate 0.1 part, magnesium borate 0.1 part, ferrous glycine 0.1 part, 0.1 part, iron(ic) chloride, tertiary iron phosphate 0.1 part, zinc chloride 0.1 part, zinc glycinate 0.1 part, sub-0.1 part, the zinc of sulfuric acid, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate 0.1 part, manganese sulfate 0.1 part, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.1 part, glycocoll-copper 0.1 part, cupric chloride 0.1 part, 0.1 part, copper sulfate, described fat to carry out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot,

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 85 parts, the bark of official magnolia 85 parts, aloe 57.5 parts, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 57.5 parts, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 57.5 parts, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 57.5 parts, 57.5 parts, capsicum, print chinaberry 57.5 parts, tobacco leftovers 57.5 parts, 57.5 parts, garlic bar, yellow humic acid 25 parts, fecula 4 parts, manioc waste 4 parts, citric acid waste 4 parts, soy sauce residues 4 parts, residue of monosodium glutamate 4 parts, residue from beans after making 4 parts, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 1 part, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 1 part, enzymatic microorganism 1 part, 1 part, yeast, 1 part, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 1 part, ferro element 1 part, boron 1 part, manganese element 1 part, copper 1 part, sodium polyacrylate 1 part, polyacrylic acid potassium 1 part, ammonium polyacrylate 1 part, 1 part, starch graft acrylic acid sodium, wilkinite 1 part, kaolin 1 part, 1 part, diatomite, 1 part, gypsum, polyoxyethylene 1 part, urethane 1 part, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium 1 part, Potassium tripolyphosphate 1 part.

The preparation method of described potato release and release control fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, ethyl acetate and ethylene dichloride mixed solvent extract, filter, mixture A is obtained after being concentrated into water content meaning 22%, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making, Fushou spiral shell powder, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, ferro element, boron, manganese element, copper, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch graft acrylic acid sodium, wilkinite, kaolin, diatomite, gypsum, polyoxyethylene, urethane, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium, Potassium tripolyphosphate was 70 DEG C of bottom fermentations 25 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B is made particle diameter be dry at 80 DEG C after 1-3mm particle to water content be 8%, be cooled to 28 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, salt of wormwood, saleratus, tertiary iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, Sodium Tetraborate, lime borate, magnesium borate, ferrous glycine, iron(ic) chloride, tertiary iron phosphate, zinc chloride, zinc glycinate, the sub-zinc of sulfuric acid, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, glycocoll-copper, cupric chloride, copper sulfate are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 75 DEG C, obtains potato release and release control fertilizer.

For verifying the effect of potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, by following experimental verification.

(1) the result of extraction experiment of Wrapped fertilizer

Potato release and release control fertilizer prepared by Example 1,2,3, and Example 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer and with the fertilizer of polyethylene parcel in contrast, be immersed in clear water, at different time water sampling detection fertilizer solubility rate wherein, result is as shown in the table.

As seen from the above table, almost all dissolve at once without Wrapped fertilizer, show not there is slow releasing function; The fertilizer wrapped up with polyethylene, except not having the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (encapsulating) in initial dissolving, almost no longer disengages fertilizer thereafter; The encapsulation rate of potato release and release control fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 is higher, and the fertilizer of major part encapsulating continues to disengage later.

(2) potato fertilizer control release effect experimental

Experiment one: the present inventor entrusts Fu Chuan A peasant household of south china, with potato release and release control fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1, manurial experiment is carried out to potato, use once as base manure for annual, simultaneously with embodiment 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, and experimental group is than the potato mean yield volume increase 8.8% of control group.

Experiment two: the present inventor entrusts Fu Chuan B peasant household of south china, with potato release and release control fertilizer prepared by embodiment 2, manurial experiment is carried out to potato, use once as base manure for annual, simultaneously with embodiment 2 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, and experimental group is than the potato mean yield volume increase 9.5% of control group.

Experiment three: the present inventor entrusts Fu Chuan C peasant household of south china, with potato release and release control fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3, manurial experiment is carried out to potato, use once as base manure for annual, simultaneously with embodiment 3 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer particle for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, and experimental group is than the potato mean yield volume increase 9.1% of control group.

Comprehensive above three experiments are known, potato mean yield volume increase 8.8%-9.5%, visible potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improve the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, simultaneously balanced in nutrition, can promote that potato grows up healthy and sound fast, improve potato yield.

(3) potato fertilizer preventing disease and pest effect experimental

In south china, rich river plantation potato company chooses the basically identical potato ground of six block specifications, be set to potato ground a, potato ground b, potato ground c, potato ground d, potato ground e, potato ground f, potato is planted on six pieces of ground, wherein potato ground a, potato ground b, potato ground c use same not have the common fertilizer of Biocidal, potato ground d, potato ground e, potato ground f use the fertilizer of embodiment 1,2,3 respectively, calculate with every mu of fertilising 120kg, observe the potato growth situation on six pieces of potato ground.Result shows: potato ground a, potato ground b, the potato plant gloss difference that potato ground c kind is planted, unhealthy, the speed of growth is slow, plant is little, yield poorly, and potato ground d, potato ground e, the potato plant good luster that potato ground f kind is planted, healthy, fast growth, plant is large, output is high, with do not use product of the present invention potato compared with, every mu of volume increase 1114.6-1178.2kg, and use the disease and pest in the potato ground of product of the present invention substantially not have, visible potato release and release control fertilizer of the present invention can not only preventing disease and pest effectively, and can be balanced in nutrition, improve edatope, promote that farm crop grow up healthy and sound fast, shorten growth cycle, improve crop yield.

Above content can not assert that the present invention specifically implements to be confined to these explanations; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; do not departing under concept thereof of the present invention; some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.

Claims (8)

1. a potato release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 50-130 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1200 part;

Described lapping, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: fatty 45-120 part, sylvite 2-3 part, microcosmic salt 1-3 part, nitrogen salt 1-2 part, boron salt 0.2-0.4 part, molysite 0.2-0.4 part, zinc salt 0.2-0.4 part, manganese salt 0.2-0.4 part, mantoquita 0.2-0.4 part;

Described sylvite comprise in Repone K, potassium sulfate, saltpetre, salt of wormwood, saleratus one or more;

Described microcosmic salt comprise in calcium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, tertiary iron phosphate, zinc phosphate one or more;

Described nitrogen salt comprise in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate one or more;

Described boron salt comprise in potassium borate, Sodium Tetraborate, lime borate, magnesium borate one or more;

Described molysite comprise in ferrous sulfate, ferrous glycine, iron(ic) chloride, tertiary iron phosphate one or more;

Described zinc salt comprise in zinc chloride, zinc glycinate, the sub-zinc of sulfuric acid one or more;

Described manganese salt comprise in Mn-Gly, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganese sulfate, manganese sulfate monohydrate one or more;

Described mantoquita comprise in glycocoll-copper, cupric chloride, copper sulfate one or more;

Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:

Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia 20-150 part, bark of official magnolia 20-150 part, aloe 15-100 part, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon 15-100 part, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica 15-100 part, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera 15-100 part, capsicum 15-100 part, print chinaberry 15-100 part, tobacco leftovers 15-100 part, garlic bar 15-100 part, yellow humic acid 10-40 part, waste residue 10-18 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 8-12 part, biological bacteria 4-8 part, micro-2-6 part, water-holding agent 2-6 part, amendment 2-6 part, dispersion agent 2-4 part;

Described water-holding agent comprise in polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium, ammonium polyacrylate, starch graft acrylic acid sodium one or more;

Described amendment comprise in wilkinite, kaolin, diatomite, gypsum one or more;

Described dispersion agent comprise in polyoxyethylene, urethane, methylene-bis naphthalene sulfonic acid potassium, Potassium tripolyphosphate one or more.

2. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 80-100 part, fertiliser granulates 400-1000 part.

3. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fat carries out processing and fabricating by greasyfoot.

4. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described waste residue comprise in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making one or more.

5. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological bacteria comprise in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria one or more.

6. potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described trace element comprise in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum one or more.

7. a preparation method for the potato release and release control fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

S1: by Root or stem of Hairypetal Millettia, the bark of official magnolia, aloe, Leaf of Burmann Cinnamon, Roots of Euphorbia soongarica, leaf of Pterocarya Stenoptera, capsicum, print chinaberry, tobacco leftovers, garlic bar co-grinding, solvent extraction, filter, mixture A is obtained after being concentrated into water content≤30%, yellow humic acid is added in mixture A, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element, water-holding agent, amendment, dispersion agent is at 30-90 DEG C of bottom fermentation 5-35 days, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, mixture B being made particle diameter is dry to water content≤8% at 50-90 DEG C after 1-3mm particle, be cooled to 25-30 DEG C of obtained fertiliser granulates,

S2: fat, sylvite, microcosmic salt, nitrogen salt, boron salt, molysite, zinc salt, manganese salt, mantoquita are fully mixed rear obtained lapping;

S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 45-75 DEG C, obtained potato release and release control fertilizer.

8. the preparation method of potato release and release control fertilizer according to claim 7, is characterized in that, solvent described in step S1 comprise in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride one or more.