CN105597765A - In2O3/ZnFe2O4 nanometer heterojunction composite photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
In2O3/ZnFe2O4 nanometer heterojunction composite photocatalytic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title abstract description 8
- NNGHIEIYUJKFQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O NNGHIEIYUJKFQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CDVAIHNNWWJFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C CDVAIHNNWWJFJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000026 X-ray photoelectron spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CQPFMGBJSMSXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M acid orange 7 Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 CQPFMGBJSMSXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001506 fluorescence spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ga]O[Ga]=O QZQVBEXLDFYHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZMFWDTJZHRDHNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[In] ZMFWDTJZHRDHNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IJRVLVIFMRWJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid zinc Chemical compound [Zn].O[N+]([O-])=O IJRVLVIFMRWJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021650 platinized titanium dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J35/39—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/825—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with gallium, indium or thallium
-
- B01J35/23—
-
- B01J35/50—
-
- B01J35/51—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses an In2O3/ZnFe2O4 nanometer heterojunction composite photocatalytic material and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical fields of photocatalytic materials and environmental pollution improvement. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing monodispersed In2O3 nanospheres through a hydro-thermal method; then adding ferric acetylacetonate, zinc nitrate and terephthalic acid to a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and N, N-dimethyl formamide, conducting sufficient stirring, then adding the In2O3 nanospheres to the mixture, and finally conducting a solvothermal reaction, centrifugation, drying and calcining, so that the nanometer heterojunction composite photocatalytic material is obtained finally. By means of obtained In2O3/ZnFe2O4 nanometer heterojunction, the spectrum response range of In2O3 is enlarged, furthermore, separation efficiency of photogenerated charges is improved, and good application value and prospect are achieved in the field of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Raw materials used in the preparation method are low in price and easy to obtain, the reaction condition is easy to control, operation is simple, the equipment requirement is low, and environmental protection is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental pollution improvement field, relate to a kind of ferromagnetic semiconductor and modify In2O3NanospherePreparation method, specifically relates to a kind of In2O3/ZnFe2O4The system of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst materialStandby and application.
Background technology
VOC (being called for short VOCs) is the general name of volatile organic compound. At present,The VOCs pollutant detecting in environment exceedes kind more than 300. VOCs mainly comprises aliphatic nytronThing, fragrant hydrocarbon system, oxygen hydro carbons, halogenated hydrocarbon, nitrogen hydro carbons, sulphur hydro carbons and lower boiling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons etc. one areThe organic compound of row. For the VOCs pollutant in outdoor air, its main source be coal, oil andThe burning of the fuel such as natural gas, the production and processing of the industrial chemicals such as coating and agricultural chemicals and the discharge of vehicle exhaustDeng. And indoor VOCs pollutant mainly comes from the solvent of organic coating and paint etc., representationalizationCompound has benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene. In the time that VOCs reaches finite concentration, can be to the liver of human body, brainProduce serious harm with nervous system, caused in recent years the extensive concern of researcher.
The photocatalysis technology of based semiconductor has that degradation efficiency is high, reaction condition is gentle, non-secondary pollution,Can utilize solar energy and the advantage such as selective low to pollutant, become in recent years one and had goodThe method of organic pollution in the removal environment of good application prospect. The people such as Hou (HouY.D., WangX.C.,WuL., etal.Environ.Sci.Technol.2006,40,5799 – 5803) synthesize porous β-Ga2O3,Under UV-irradiation, its catalytic activity to gas-phase benzene is better than commercially available TiO2And Pt/TiO2. In photocatalysis technologyThere are two key issues, the one, low to the utilization rate of visible ray, the 2nd, the photogenerated charge producing after optical excitationRecombination probability larger. In recent years, numerous research concentrates on to develop and has visible light-responded photochemical catalyst.
In2O3Be a kind of important p district metal oxide, energy gap is 2.8eV, has certain visiblePhotoresponse. But the separative efficiency of the photogenerated charge producing after optical excitation is lower, ask in order to solve this keyTopic, numerous bibliographical informations choose other narrow-band semiconductors and In2O3Be coupled, build In2O3Base is differentMatter junction type composite photo-catalyst, has reached the efficient separation of promotion photogenerated charge and has further widened spectral response modelThe object of enclosing. The people such as Chen (ChenY.C., PuY.C., HsuY.J., J.Phys.Chem.C, 2012,116,2967 – 2975) prepare Pt-In2O3/TiO2Tri compound photochemical catalyst, analyzes by transient state fluorescence spectroscopy techniqueThe transmission path of light induced electron between three kinds of components, provide for building efficient nano heterojunction photocatalystGood reference. ZnFe2O4Be a kind of multi-functional semi-conducting material, it is not only as important magnetic materialMaterial, but also be a kind of good catalysis material. Its chemistry and photochemistry stable in properties, to sunshine lightSpectrum response range is wide, has higher photocatalytic activity. Due to the narrower (E of its energy gapg=1.9eV), by wideBe used as the visible light-sensitive agent of other wide band gap semiconducters generally. The people such as Wang (WangM.Y., SunL., CaiJ.H., etal.J.Mater.Chem.A, 2013,1,12082 – 12087) report a kind of ZnFe2O4Nano particleThe TiO modifying2Nano-tube array combination electrode, under radiation of visible light, this combination electrode is aobvious to Acid Orange IIShow higher catalytic activity.
At present, adopt ZnFe2O4Modify In2O3There are no report, particularly adopt ZnFe2O4Nano particleModify single In of dispersion2O3Nanosphere forms hetero-junctions composite photocatalyst material for the vapor phase toluene of degrading, domesticAlso there is not yet report outward. The present invention has built In first2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material,Not only widen In2O3Spectral response range, and improved the separative efficiency of photogenerated charge, to gas phase firstBenzene has higher Photocatalytic activity.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one and prepares In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction complex lightThe method of catalysis material. Adopt hydro-thermal method in conjunction with solvent-thermal method, make by ZnFe2O4Nano-particle modifiedIn2O3Nanosphere hetero-junctions composite photocatalyst material, reaches and widens In2O3Spectral response range and improve lightThe object of raw separation of charge efficiency. The present invention is raw materials used cheap and easy to get, and reaction condition is easy to control, operationSimple and easy, low for equipment requirements and environmental protection. The catalysis material that the method makes is aobvious to photocatalytic degradation vapor phase tolueneShow good catalytic effect.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material comprises single In of dispersion2O3Nanosphere and ZnFe2O4Nano particle; Single In that disperses2O3The diameter of nanosphere is 150 – 300nm, is 15 – 30nm by particle diameterPrimary nanoparticle composition; ZnFe2O4The particle diameter of nano particle is 10 – 30nm; ZnFe2O4Nano particleLoad on single In of dispersion2O3The surface of nanosphere, forms In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalystMaterial.
A kind of In2O3/ZnFe2O4The preparation method of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material, step is as follows:
(1) the single In that disperses of hydro-thermal method preparation2O3Nanosphere: by InCl3·xH2O and natrium citricum taking mol ratio as1:3.5 – 1:1.5 is dissolved in deionized water, stirs until obtain mixed solution A, wherein InCl3·xH2O is moltenThe concentration of liquid is 0.02 – 0.06mol/L; By urea add with the isopyknic deionized water of mixed solution A in, stirMix until dissolve and obtain clear solution B, wherein the concentration of urea liquid is 0.1 – 0.2mol/L; By clear solutionB is added drop-wise in mixed solution A lentamente, continues to stir 20 – 60min, then proceeds to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne alkene reactionIn still, at 180 DEG C of Water Under thermal responses of 120 –, 16 – 22h; Be cooled to after room temperature, with ethanol and deionizationWater repeatedly washs purifying and removes unreacted reactant completely, and centrifugation is also dry, obtains white depositions(In(OH)3), by white depositions In (OH)3In 550 DEG C of calcining 2h of 450 –, make single In of dispersion2O3NanometerBall.
(2) solvent-thermal method is prepared In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material: by institute in step (1)The single In of dispersion making2O3Nanosphere joins in the mixed solution of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol,Then ultrasonic dispersion 30 – 90min, ultrasonic power is 40 – 100W, obtains In2O3The mixing of nanosphere is suspendedLiquid; Wherein, the volume ratio of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol is 3:1 – 5:3, the mixing of unit volumeIn solution, add single In of dispersion2O3The amount of nanosphere is 0.5 – 2.0g/L.
(3) zinc nitrate and ferric acetyl acetonade join the In of gained in step (2) taking mol ratio as 0.9:12O3MixedClose in suspension, wherein, the concentration of zinc nitrate solution is 6mmol/L, stirs 30 – 90min under room temperature, thenAdd terephthalic acid (TPA), the concentration of terephthalic acid (TPA) is 0.33 – 4.44g/L, continues to stir 30 – 60min, soAfter proceed in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reactor, carry out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 160 DEG C of 100 –, the reaction time5 – 9h, naturally cool to after room temperature, with DMF and ethanol, the sediment of collecting are entered successivelyRow cyclic washing, after centrifugation, collecting precipitation thing, dries, and in 600 DEG C of calcining 2h of 500 –, risesTemperature speed is 2 DEG C/min of 1 –, obtains In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: prepared a kind of In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst materialMaterial, ZnFe2O4Nanoparticulate dispersed is at single In that disperses2O3The surface of nanosphere; Utilize ferromagnetic semiconductorZnFe2O4Nano particle is to single In that disperses2O3Nanosphere is modified, and has not only widened In2O3Spectral responseScope, and improved the separative efficiency of photogenerated charge. In addition the synthetic In of the method,2O3/ZnFe2O4ReceiveRice hetero-junctions composite photocatalyst material has good application in catalytic degradation volatile organic contaminant fieldBe worth and prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3Nanosphere, ZnFe2O4Nano particle and In2O3/ZnFe2O4ReceiveThe x-ray diffraction pattern of rice hetero-junctions composite photocatalyst material.
The x-ray diffraction pattern that Fig. 1 (b) is 2 times of angles of diffraction within the scope of 58 ° of 55 –.
Fig. 2 (a) is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3The field emission scanning electron microscope figure of nanosphere.
Fig. 2 (b) is the In of preparation2O3/ZnFe2O4The field emission scan electricity of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst materialMirror figure.
Fig. 3 (a) is the In of preparation2O3/ZnFe2O4The transmission electron microscope picture of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Fig. 3 (b) is the In of preparation2O3/ZnFe2O4The high-resolution transmission electricity of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst materialMirror figure.
Fig. 4 (a) is the In of preparation2O3/ZnFe2O4The full spectrogram of XPS of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Fig. 4 (b) is the XPS spectrum figure of In3d.
Fig. 4 (c) is the XPS spectrum figure of Fe2p.
Fig. 4 (d) is the XPS spectrum figure of Zn2p.
Fig. 4 (e) is the XPS spectrum figure of O1s.
Fig. 5 (a) is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3Nanosphere and In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalystThe uv-visible absorption spectra figure of material.
Fig. 5 (b) is (α h ν)2The graph of a relation of corresponding photon energy.
Fig. 6 (a) is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3Nanosphere and In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalystThe fluorescence spectrum figure of material.
Fig. 6 (b) is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3Nanosphere and In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalystThe surface photovoltage spectrogram of material.
Fig. 7 is single In of dispersion of preparation2O3Nanosphere and In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalystMaterial is the degradation efficiency to vapor phase toluene under radiation of visible light condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme.
Embodiment 1
Adopt hydro-thermal method to prepare monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere
By 0.2mmolInCl3·xH2O and 0.4mmol natrium citricum are dissolved in 10mL deionized water, stirMix until obtain clear solution A; Get 1mmol urea and join in 10mL deionized water, stir until moltenSolution obtains solution B; Solution B is added drop-wise in solution A lentamente, continues to stir 20 – 60min, then turnEnter in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reactor, at 150 DEG C of Water Under thermal response 22h; Be cooled to after room temperature, use ethanolRepeatedly wash purifying with deionized water and remove unreacted reactant completely, centrifugation is also dry, obtains whiteLook sediment (In (OH)3), by In (OH)3White powder, in 500 DEG C of calcining 2h, makes monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 2
According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, hydrothermal temperature is 120 DEG C, reaction 18h, other parametersRemain unchanged, make monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 3
According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, the consumption of natrium citricum is increased to 0.7mmol, other raw materialsConsumption and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 4
According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, the consumption of natrium citricum is reduced to 0.3mmol, other raw materialsConsumption and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 5
According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, by 1.4mmolInCl3·xH2O and 2.8mmol natrium citricumBe dissolved in 45mL deionized water, stir until obtain clear solution A; 7mmol urea is joined to 45mLIn deionized water, stir until dissolving obtains solution B. Other raw material consumptions and experimental procedure remain unchanged, systemObtain monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere. Gained In2O3The X-ray diffracting spectrum of nanosphere is shown in Fig. 1, a transmittingScanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph is shown in Fig. 2, and uv-visible absorption spectra figure and energy gap estimation the results are shown in Figure 5, fluorescence spectrumSee Fig. 6 with surface photovoltaic spectroscopy.
Embodiment 6
According to the preparation method in embodiment 5, InCl3·xH2O and natrium citricum addition are increased to respectively2.7mmol and 5.4mmol, other raw material consumptions and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 7
According to the preparation method in embodiment 5, the consumption of urea is reduced to 4.5mmol, other raw material consumptions andExperimental procedure remains unchanged, and makes monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 8
According to the preparation method in embodiment 5, the consumption of urea is increased to 9.0mmol, other raw material consumptions andExperimental procedure remains unchanged, and makes monodispersed In2O3Nanosphere.
Embodiment 9
Adopt solvent-thermal method to prepare In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material
By the mono-dispersion of prepared 0.1g In in embodiment 52O3Nanosphere joins DMFWith in the mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol (volume ratio is 2:1, and cumulative volume is 90mL), then ultrasonic dispersion 40min,Ultrasonic power is 60W, obtains In2O3Mixing suspension. By 0.21g ferric acetyl acetonade and 0.16g nitric acidZinc joins In2O3Mixing suspension in, under room temperature, stir 60min, then add 0.18g terephthalic acid (TPA),Continue to stir 40min, then proceed in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reactor, carry out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is100 DEG C, reaction time 6h, naturally cools to after room temperature, naturally cools to after room temperature, uses successively N, N-bis-NMF and ethanol carry out cyclic washing to the sediment of collecting, after centrifugation, and collecting precipitation thing,Dry, and in 550 DEG C of calcining 2h, programming rate is 1 DEG C/min, obtains In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterogeneousKnot composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 10
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, the consumption of terephthalic acid (TPA) is increased to 0.40g, other raw materialsConsumption and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material. InstituteThe X-ray diffracting spectrum that obtains composite is shown in Fig. 1, and field emission scanning electron microscope figure is shown in Fig. 2, and transmission electron microscope picture is shown inFig. 3, fluorescence spectrum and surface photovoltaic spectroscopy are shown in Fig. 6.
Embodiment 11
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, the consumption of terephthalic acid (TPA) is reduced to 0.03g, other raw materialsConsumption and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material. InstituteThe x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that obtains material is shown in Fig. 4, uv-visible absorption spectra figure and energy gap estimation resultSee Fig. 5.
Embodiment 12
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, single In that disperses2O3The addition of nanosphere powder sample is reduced to0.045g, other raw material consumptions and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction is multipleClose catalysis material.
Embodiment 13
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, single In that disperses2O3The addition of nanosphere powder sample is increased to0.180g, other raw material consumptions and experimental procedure remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction is multipleClose catalysis material.
Embodiment 14
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, the volume ratio of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol is increasedGreatly 5:3, other parameters remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 15
According to the preparation method in embodiment 9, the volume ratio of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol is subtractedLittle is 3:1, and other parameters remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 16
According to the preparation method in embodiment 10, hydrothermal temperature is set to 120 DEG C, reaction time 8h,Other parameters remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 17
According to the preparation method in embodiment 10, hydrothermal temperature is set to 140 DEG C, reaction time 5h,Other parameters remain unchanged, and make In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 18
According to the preparation method of embodiment 10, it is 600 DEG C of calcining 2h that calcination condition is set, and programming rate is2 DEG C/min, obtain In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
Embodiment 19
Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material is investigated the degrading activity of vapor phase toluene under radiation of visible light
Taking vapor phase toluene as target contaminant, and under radiation of visible light condition (λ > 400nm), to embodiment 10In obtained In2O3/ZnFe2O4The light of nano heterojunction composite urges activity to investigate. Employing original position is redThe degradation rate of this hetero-junctions composite photocatalyst material of external spectrum and gas chromatographic detection to vapor phase toluene.
Embodiment 20
According to the investigation method in embodiment 19, to prepared single In that disperses in embodiment 52O3NanosphereVisible light catalysis activity investigate, active testing the results are shown in Figure 7. Can find out, through 8h visible rayAfter irradiation, In2O3/ZnFe2O4The degradation rate of the nano heterogeneous vapor phase toluene of becoming a partner is apparently higher than In2O3Nanosphere.
Claims (10)
1. an In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material, is characterized in that, this In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material comprises single In of dispersion2O3Nanosphere and ZnFe2O4Nano particle; Single pointLoose In2O3The diameter of nanosphere is 150 – 300nm, and the primary nanoparticle that is 15 – 30nm by particle diameter forms;ZnFe2O4The particle diameter of nano particle is 10 – 30nm; ZnFe2O4Nano particle loads on single In of dispersion2O3NanometerThe surface of ball, forms In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material.
2. an In2O3/ZnFe2O4The preparation method of nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material, is characterized in that, stepRapid as follows:
(1) the single In that disperses of hydro-thermal method preparation2O3Nanosphere: by InCl3·xH2O and natrium citricum taking mol ratio as1:3.5 – 1:1.5 is dissolved in deionized water, stirs until obtain mixed solution A, wherein InCl3·xH2O is moltenThe concentration of liquid is 0.02 – 0.06mol/L; By urea add with the isopyknic deionized water of mixed solution A in, stirMix until dissolve and obtain clear solution B, wherein the concentration of urea liquid is 0.1 – 0.2mol/L; By clear solutionB is added drop-wise in mixed solution A lentamente, continues to stir 20 – 60min, then proceeds to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne alkene reactionIn still, at 180 DEG C of Water Under thermal responses of 120 –, 16 – 22h; Be cooled to after room temperature, with ethanol and deionizationWater repeatedly washs purifying and removes unreacted reactant completely, and centrifugation is also dry, obtains white depositionsIn(OH)3, by white depositions In (OH)3In 550 DEG C of calcining 2h of 450 –, make single In of dispersion2O3Nanosphere;
(2) solvent-thermal method is prepared In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction composite photocatalyst material: by institute in step (1)The single In of dispersion making2O3Nanosphere joins in the mixed solution of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol,Then ultrasonic dispersion 30 – 90min, ultrasonic power is 40 – 100W, obtains In2O3The mixing of nanosphere is suspendedLiquid; Wherein, the volume ratio of DMF and absolute ethyl alcohol is 3:1 – 5:3, the mixing of unit volumeIn solution, add single In of dispersion2O3The quality of nanosphere is 0.5 – 2.0g/L;
(3) zinc nitrate and ferric acetyl acetonade are joined to the In of gained in step (2) taking mol ratio as 0.9:12O3ReceiveIn the mixing suspension of rice ball, wherein, the concentration of zinc nitrate solution is 6mmol/L, under room temperature, stirs30 – 90min, then add terephthalic acid (TPA), the concentration that obtains terephthalic acid (TPA) is 0.33 – 4.44g/L, continuesStir 30 – 60min, then proceed in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) reactor, carry out hydro-thermal reaction, reaction temperature is100 160 DEG C of –, reaction time 5 – 9h, naturally cools to after room temperature, use successively DMF andEthanol carries out cyclic washing to the sediment of collecting, and after centrifugation, collecting precipitation thing, dries, and in500 600 DEG C of – calcining 2h, programming rate is 2 DEG C/min of 1 –, obtains In2O3/ZnFe2O4Nano heterojunction is multipleClose catalysis material.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step (1), hydrothermal reaction condition is150 DEG C, the reaction time is 22h; Calcining heat is 500 DEG C, and calcination time is 2h.
4. according to the preparation method described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in step (1), by InCl3·xH2OBe dissolved in deionized water taking mol ratio as 1:2 with natrium citricum, stir until obtain mixed solution A.
5. according to the preparation method described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that the mixing of unit volume in step (2)In solution, add single In of dispersion2O3The quality of nanosphere is 0.5 – 2.0g/L; In step (3), terephthalic acid (TPA) is denseDegree is 2g/L.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the mixed solution of unit volume in step (2)In add single In of dispersion2O3The quality of nanosphere is 0.5 – 2.0g/L; In step (3), the concentration of terephthalic acid (TPA) is2g/L。
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 2,3 or 6, it is characterized in that ultrasonic time in step (2)40min, ultrasonic power is 60W.
8. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, ultrasonic time 40min in step (2) is superAcoustical power is 60W.
9. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, ultrasonic time 40min in step (2) is superAcoustical power is 60W.
10. according to the preparation method described in claim 2,3,6,8 or 9, it is characterized in that hydro-thermal in step (3)Reaction condition is 120 DEG C, reaction time 5h; Calcination condition is to keep 2h at 550 DEG C, and programming rate is1℃/min。
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