CN105594452A - Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation system and cultivation method - Google Patents

Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation system and cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105594452A
CN105594452A CN201510950071.2A CN201510950071A CN105594452A CN 105594452 A CN105594452 A CN 105594452A CN 201510950071 A CN201510950071 A CN 201510950071A CN 105594452 A CN105594452 A CN 105594452A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mushroom cultivation
water
pleurotus ostreatus
ventilation
booth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201510950071.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105594452B (en
Inventor
高光军
黎金龙
戴绍琴
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Pengxi Haohong Mushroom Industry Co Ltd
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Pengxi Haohong Mushroom Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510950071.2A priority Critical patent/CN105594452B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/080872 priority patent/WO2017101246A1/en
Publication of CN105594452A publication Critical patent/CN105594452A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105594452B publication Critical patent/CN105594452B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247Watering arrangements

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pleurotus ostreatus cultivation system. The pleurotus ostreatus cultivation system comprises pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frame sets which are arranged in parallel, a shading system, a temperature control and moisture preservation system and a ventilation system; the pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frame sets are used for containing pleurotus ostreatus culture medium bags; the shading system is arranged above pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frames and used for shading the pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frame sets; the temperature control and moisture preservation system comprises a water-curtain temperature control system, a micro spray system and a collecting tank; the water-curtain temperature control system comprises a water pumping device and a water pipe connected with the water pumping device, and the water pumping device and the water pipe are connected to enable underground water to be pressed to a high position through the water pipe and sprayed on the shading system; the micro spray system comprises micro spray pipelines which are each provided with multiple holes, the micro spray pipelines are distributed on the tops of the pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frames, and the water pumping device is connected with the collecting tank; the ventilation system comprises multiple ventilation pipelines parallel to the pleurotus ostreatus cultivation frame sets, and each ventilation pipeline is provided with ventilation holes. The pleurotus ostreatus cultivation system can provide good environmental conditions for the growth process of pleurotus ostreatus, and the pleurotus ostreatus cultivated and obtained through the system is fleshy, large in fungus shape and high in economic value.

Description

A kind of mushroom cultivation system and cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to mushroom cultivation field, relate in particular a kind of mushroom cultivation system and cultural method.
Background technology
Because high temperature flat mushroom fruiting phase temperature is high, disease is many, so plantation amount is relatively on the low side. But the valency of megathermal period flat mushroomLattice phase autumn and winter far away is much higher, and the mushroom agriculture of therefore planting in recent years high temperature flat mushroom is more and more, but because cultivation technique difficulty is large, successRate is very low. Cause the reason of this phenomenon to be, cannot effectively control flat mushroom plantation humiture, draw badly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of mushroom cultivation system and cultural method, this system can provide good for mushroom growth processEnvironmental condition, the flat mushroom plumpness preparing by this system, a bacterium hypertrophy, economic worth is high.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of mushroom cultivation system, comprises the mushroom cultivation frame group be arrangeding in parallel, for placing flat mushroom culture medium bag; Shade and beSystem, is arranged on mushroom cultivation frame top, is used to mushroom cultivation frame group to shade; Temperature control moisture-keeping system, comprise cascade temperature-controlling system,Micro-spray system and feeder; Cascade temperature-controlling system: comprise the water pipe that water plug is connected with water plug, water plug and waterPipe is connected and underground water is depressed into eminence by water pipe is sprayed to and shades in system; Micro-spray system: comprise micro-nozzle road, micro-nozzle roadOn be provided with multiple holes; Micro-nozzle road is distributed in mushroom cultivation top of the trellis;
Feeder is for collecting the wet system of the micro-spray control of water and earth's surface that flow to underground or earth's surface after cascade temperature-controlling system spraysThe water spraying via sprinkling irrigation group, water plug is connected with feeder;
Ventilating system comprises the multiple ventilation shafts that are parallel to mushroom cultivation frame group, on multiple described ventilation shafts, is provided withPassage.
Key point of the present invention is: utilize natural underground water, be sprayed at and shaded by cascade temperature-controlling systemIn system, form cascade to reduce temperature in the system of shading, micro-spray system can be shaded on the one hand by the sprinkling of micro-spray deviceSystem provides humidity, can also give on the other hand the system cooling of shading, and is collected groove and converges and finally arrive ground or underground waterCollection is for the temperature control moisturizing process of next round, and rationally utilizing this device can form larger temperature difference stimulates, thereby canThe quality that improves flat mushroom, native system is guaranteeing on the required good humiture environmental basis of mushroom growth, set in additionVentilating system, can ensure the amount of oxygen that mushroom growth is required, has improved flat mushroom rate of growth and Growing Quality, cultivation of the present inventionFlat mushroom bacterial context plumpness, a bacterium hypertrophy that culture method obtains, economic worth is high.
Ventilation shaft is arranged on the both sides of each mushroom cultivation frame in mushroom cultivation frame group, is provided with ventilation on ventilation shaftPoint, it is upper that air vent is arranged on the point that ventilates, and the point that ventilates is for multiple and suitable being arranged on ventilation shaft of adjacent ventilation dot spacing.
The point that ventilates all offers air vent up and down.
Feeder can be also pond or pond, or is general catch basin device. Booth is multiple.
Greenhouse system also comprises from top to bottom the top layer skeleton, the intermediate layer skeleton that arrange, and top layer skeleton, intermediate layer skeleton are equalBe arranged on booth layer, on top layer skeleton, be coated with light reflective sunshading net, on the skeleton of intermediate layer, be coated with sunshade net.
Light reflective sunshading net on top layer skeleton and the equal sunshade net of intermediate layer skeleton are completely and cover. Be top layer skeleton andIntermediate layer skeleton is all standing layer.
The carrying of light reflective sunshading net reinforcing bar covers on top layer skeleton completely, and sunshade stratum reticulare carries with reinforcing bar equally. Top layer boneOn frame, cover light reflective sunshading net, the comprehensive covered with sunshade net of intermediate layer skeleton comprehensively, can further shelter from being exposed to the sun of summer,Avoid too much heat to be delivered on booth layer and cause that the temperature of booth layer exceedes the preference temperature of mushroom growth. The opposing partyFace, comprehensive covering setting of light reflective sunshading net and sunshade net, is guaranteeing that booth layer is completely under concealment state, for cascadeMoisture in formation scale, booth all has impact, when underground water is sprayed onto on greenhouse system, first passes through the reflective of top layer skeletonSunshade net, forms one strand of water string, multiply water string and is further flow to booth layer by share split via the sunshade net of comprehensive covering again and coverOn the sunshade net on top, finally arrive the plastic film of greenhouse of waterproof, this process allows the cascade state finally forming at booth layerMore relax and continuously, make the duration of cascade longer, cooling-down effect is more lasting, and lasting cascade is also beneficial to water in additionThe generation of mist, that is can increase the humidity in booth, for the growth of flat mushroom in booth provides more favourable condition.
Intermediate layer skeleton is layer 2-3, a corresponding one deck sunshade net of intermediate layer skeleton, and the intermediate layer skeleton of layer 2-3 is between twoBetween distance be 50cm. The multilayer setting of sunshade net can stop is exposed to the sun more summer, but sunshade net is along with the increasing of the number of pliesAdd, shaded effects do not promote significantly, therefore sunshade net number of plies amount is suitable, can not bring too much beneficial effectReally, can improve on the contrary the cost of mushroom cultivation.
Distance between top layer skeleton and intermediate layer skeleton is 1.2-1.5m, the distance between intermediate layer skeleton and booth layerFor 50-80cm. In practice process, find, afore-mentioned distance scope is the highest to the utilization ratio of sunshade, makes light reflective sunshading net and screeningScreened postive can be brought into play maximum effect.
Described sunshade net and light reflective sunshading net can be all 3 pins, 4 pins.
Described micro-spray device is drip irrigation zone.
Micro-spray device is apart from ground 20-30cm.
A kind of mushroom cultivation method, carries out mushroom cultivation by aforesaid system.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention utilize natural underground water, by cascade temperature-controlling system be sprayed in the system of shading, form cascade withReduce temperature in the system of shading, micro-spray system provides humidity can on the one hand the system of shading by the sprinkling of micro-spray device, anotherCan also give on the one hand the system cooling of shading, be collected groove and collect the control for next round and finally arrive ground or underground waterTemperature moisturizing process, rationally utilizing this device can form larger temperature difference stimulates, thereby can improve the quality of flat mushroom, anotherOuter native system is guaranteeing that on the required good humiture environmental basis of mushroom growth, set ventilating system, can ensureThe amount of oxygen that mushroom growth is required, has improved flat mushroom rate of growth and Growing Quality;
2, cultural method of the present invention obtains flat mushroom bacterial context plumpness, a bacterium hypertrophy, economic worth is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is structure chart of the present invention.
Label in figure is: 1, booth layer; 2, water pipe; 3, water plug; 4, micro-spray device; 5, feeder; 6, top layer boneFrame; 7, intermediate layer skeleton; 8, the system of shading; 9, mushroom cultivation frame; 10, ventilation duct; 11, ventilation point.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated. Embodiments of the present invention include but not limited to following realityExecute example.
Embodiment 1
A mushroom cultivation system as shown in Figure 1, comprises the mushroom cultivation frame group be arrangeding in parallel, for placing flat mushroom culture mediumBag; The system 8 of shading, is arranged on mushroom cultivation frame 9 tops, is used to mushroom cultivation frame group to shade; Temperature control moisture-keeping system, comprises waterCurtain temperature-controlling system, micro-spray system and feeder 5; Cascade temperature-controlling system: comprise the water pipe that water plug 3 is connected with water plug 32, water plug 3 is connected with water pipe 2 and underground water is depressed into eminence by water pipe 2 is sprayed to and shades in system 8; Micro-spray system: bagDraw together micro-nozzle road, on micro-nozzle road, be provided with multiple holes; Micro-nozzle road is distributed in mushroom cultivation frame 9 tops;
Feeder 5 is for collecting the wet system of the micro-spray control of water and earth's surface that flow to underground or earth's surface after cascade temperature-controlling system spraysThe water spraying via sprinkling irrigation group of system, water plug 3 is connected with feeder 5; Ventilating system comprises and is parallel to mushroom cultivation frameMultiple ventilation ducts 10 roads of group, are provided with passage on multiple described ventilation duct 10 roads.
Embodiment 2
Ventilation duct 10 roads are arranged on the both sides of each mushroom cultivation frame 9 in mushroom cultivation frame group, and ventilation duct is provided with ventilation on 10 roadsPoint 9, air vent is arranged on and ventilates on point 9, ventilate point 9 for multiple and adjacent ventilation put 9 spacing suitable be arranged on ventilation duct 10On road. Ventilation duct of the present invention 10 roads are arranged on the both sides of each mushroom cultivation frame 9, can look after each mushroom cultivation frameThe gas communication of the mushroom cultivation bag on 9, spacing is suitable can, by the maximized space that utilizes, avoid arranging too much ventilation duct 10Road causes space to block up and wastes.
The point 9 that ventilates all offers air vent up and down. On ventilation point 9 four directions, all offer air vent, be convenient to gasThe circulation of body. This set can cause circulation of air from all directions, and can not omit any one mushroom cultivation frame 9,Condition is provided for flat mushroom is ventilated conscientiously. Also can select aspectant adjacent two mushroom cultivation framves 92 ventilation duct 10 roadsOn air vent staggered being oppositely arranged, also can realize the ventilated of flat mushroom, can also further save air vent simultaneouslyOffer.
Embodiment 3
Similar with embodiment 1, difference is: the system of shading 8 is greenhouse system, and greenhouse system comprises booth layer 1, booth layer 1On booth caping, be coated with plastic film of greenhouse, on plastic film of greenhouse, be also coated with sunshade net.
Greenhouse system also comprises the top layer skeleton 6, the intermediate layer skeleton 7 that arrange from top to bottom, top layer skeleton 6, intermediate layer boneFrame 7 is all arranged on booth layer 1, and top layer skeleton 6 and intermediate layer skeleton 7 are all standing layer, are coated with reflective on top layer skeleton 6Sunshade net, is coated with sunshade net on intermediate layer skeleton 7.
The carrying of light reflective sunshading net reinforcing bar covers on top layer skeleton 6 completely, and sunshade stratum reticulare carries with reinforcing bar equally. Top layer boneOn frame 6, cover light reflective sunshading net, the comprehensive covered with sunshade net of intermediate layer skeleton 7 comprehensively, can further shelter from the sudden and violent of summerShine, avoid too much heat to be delivered on booth layer 1 and cause that the temperature of booth layer 1 exceedes the preference temperature of mushroom growth. SeparatelyOn the one hand, comprehensive covering setting of light reflective sunshading net and sunshade net, is guaranteeing that booth layer 1 is completely under concealment state, forMoisture in formation scale, the booth of cascade all has impact, when underground water is sprayed onto on greenhouse system, first passes through top layer skeleton6 light reflective sunshading net, forms one strand of water string, multiply water string is further flow to greatly by share split via the sunshade net of comprehensive covering againOn the sunshade net of canopy layer 1 caping, finally arrive the plastic film of greenhouse of waterproof, this process allows and finally forms at booth layer 1Cascade state more relaxes and continuously, makes the duration of cascade longer, and cooling-down effect is more lasting, in addition lasting cascadeAlso be beneficial to the generation of water smoke, that is can increase the humidity in booth, for the growth of flat mushroom in booth provides more favourable barPart.
Embodiment 4
Similar to Example 1, difference is: intermediate layer skeleton 7 is layer 2-3, a corresponding one deck sunshade net of intermediate layer skeleton 7,The intermediate layer skeleton 7 of layer 2-3 distance is between any two 50cm. The multilayer setting of sunshade net can stop that more summer is sudden and violentShine, but sunshade net is along with the increase of the number of plies, shaded effects do not promote significantly, therefore sunshade net number of plies amount is suitableCan, can not bring too much beneficial effect, can improve on the contrary the cost of mushroom cultivation.
Distance between top layer skeleton 6 and intermediate layer skeleton 7 is 1.2-1.5m, between intermediate layer skeleton 7 and booth layer 1Distance is 50-80cm. In practice process, find, afore-mentioned distance scope is the highest to the utilization ratio of sunshade, makes light reflective sunshading netCan bring into play maximum effect with sunshade net.
Described sunshade net and light reflective sunshading net can be all 3 pins, 4 pins. Select other sunshade net equally also can realizeSunshade effect.
Described micro-spray device 4 is drip irrigation zone. Water plug 3 can be centrifugal pump, piston pump or screw pump, preferably screw rodPump, because the pressure of screw pump is high, is beneficial to out the atomization of saliva, simultaneously insensitive, simple in structure to particles such as silts in water, noEasy to wear.
Definite temperature humidity can be checked with thermohygrometer in addition.
Embodiment 5
A kind of mushroom cultivation method, carries out mushroom cultivation by aforesaid system. Mushroom cultivation method can adopt known cultivation nowTraining technology is cultivated in conjunction with native system, can obtain the flat mushroom of fine quality.
In the time that high temperature is implemented, flat mushroom culture medium is placed on mushroom cultivation frame 9, multiple mushroom cultivation framves 9 be arranged in parallelObtain mushroom cultivation frame group, then underground water is evacuated in water pipe 2 with water plug 3, underground water is sprayed onto the system of sheltering from heat or light by water pipe 2Upper, underground water, from the system of sheltering from heat or light toward dirty, forms cascade, and cascade lowers the temperature to the system of sheltering from heat or light and then realization hides to whole cultivation systemThe moon, also needs to ventilate at least 3 times every day, the morning, noon and afternoon at least one times, can also afternoon once, morning to morning again, micro-sprayDevice 4 is opened 5-10min in the morning between 10 points-12 noon; Between 14 o'clock to 16 o'clock afternoon, open once every 20min,A time remaining 5-10min, now preferably again in conjunction with cascade temperature-controlling system, provides enough humitures to flat mushroom culture medium,After micro-spray finishes, can select to ventilate once; Between 10 o'clock to 12 o'clock evening of night, open 1-2min, to promote temperature difference, put downThe temperature difference that mushroom grows certain stimulates. The stalwartness that is beneficial to flat mushroom is grown up.
When implementing, low temperature also can. Just cascade temperature-controlling system can be closed, and micro-spray device 4 opening times also need to reduce.
Be as mentioned above embodiments of the invention. The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and anyone should learnThe structural change of making under enlightenment of the present invention, every have identical or close technical scheme with the present invention, all falls into thisWithin the protection domain of invention.

Claims (10)

1. a mushroom cultivation system, is characterized in that: comprise
The mushroom cultivation frame group be arrangeding in parallel, for placing flat mushroom culture medium bag;
The system of shading (8), is arranged on mushroom cultivation frame (9) top, is used to mushroom cultivation frame group to shade;
Temperature control moisture-keeping system, comprises cascade temperature-controlling system, micro-spray system and feeder (5);
Cascade temperature-controlling system: comprise the water pipe (2) that water plug (3) is connected with water plug (3), water plug (3) and water pipe(2) be connected and underground water is depressed into eminence by water pipe (2) is sprayed in the system of shading (8);
Micro-spray system: comprise micro-nozzle road, be provided with multiple holes on micro-nozzle road; Micro-nozzle road is distributed in mushroom cultivation frame (9)Top;
Feeder (5) flow to the micro-spray control of water and earth's surface on underground or earth's surface and wets after cascade temperature-controlling system sprays for collectingThe water spraying via sprinkling irrigation group of system, water plug (3) is connected with feeder (5);
Ventilating system comprises multiple ventilation ducts (10) road that is parallel to mushroom cultivation frame group, on multiple described ventilation duct (10) roadsBe provided with passage.
2. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: ventilation duct (10) road is arranged on mushroom cultivation frameThe both sides of each mushroom cultivation frame (9) in group, ventilation duct (10) is provided with ventilation point (9) on road, and air vent is arranged on ventilation point (9)Upper, what ventilation point (9) was multiple and adjacent ventilation point (9) spacing is suitable is arranged on ventilation duct (10) road.
3. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: ventilation point (9) all offers logical up and downWind hole.
4. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the system of shading (8) is greenhouse system, booth systemTurnkey is drawn together booth layer (1), on the booth caping of booth layer (1), is coated with plastic film of greenhouse, on plastic film of greenhouse, also coversThere is sunshade net.
5. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: booth layer (1) also comprises setting from top to bottomTop layer skeleton (6), intermediate layer skeleton (7), it is upper that top layer skeleton (6), intermediate layer skeleton (7) are all arranged on booth layer (1), top layerSkeleton is coated with light reflective sunshading net on (6), and intermediate layer skeleton is coated with sunshade net on (7).
6. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: intermediate layer skeleton (7) is layer 2-3, in oneThe corresponding one deck sunshade net of interbed skeleton (7), the intermediate layer skeleton (7) of layer 2-3 distance is between any two 50cm.
7. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 5, is characterized in that: top layer skeleton (6) and intermediate layer skeleton (7) itBetween distance be 1.2-1.5m, the distance between intermediate layer skeleton (7) and booth layer (1) is 50-80cm.
8. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: water plug (3) can be centrifugal pump, pistonPump or screw pump.
9. mushroom cultivation system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: water plug (3) is screw pump.
10. a mushroom cultivation method, is characterized in that: use the system as described in claim 1-9 any one to carry out flat mushroom cultivationTraining.
CN201510950071.2A 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 A kind of mushroom cultivation system and cultural method Expired - Fee Related CN105594452B (en)

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CN201510950071.2A CN105594452B (en) 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 A kind of mushroom cultivation system and cultural method
PCT/CN2016/080872 WO2017101246A1 (en) 2015-12-18 2016-05-03 Cultivation system and method for oyster mushrooms

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN112335490A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-02-09 王峰 Intelligent fruiting stimulation device for fruiting workshop and using method thereof
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