CN104381025A - Greenhouse cultivation method of black fungi - Google Patents
Greenhouse cultivation method of black fungi Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104381025A CN104381025A CN201410759613.3A CN201410759613A CN104381025A CN 104381025 A CN104381025 A CN 104381025A CN 201410759613 A CN201410759613 A CN 201410759613A CN 104381025 A CN104381025 A CN 104381025A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation method of black fungi, which comprises the steps of fungus inoculation and culture: after hyphae overgrow in fungus bags and are mature, forming fungus outlet holes in a fungus culture room; after the hyphae at the fungus outlet holes recover and when black fungus media are formed at the individual fungus outlet holes, directly conveying the fungus bags to a fungus outlet greenhouse for hanging, as well as temperature control, humidity control and ventilation: arranging a sunshade net outside a plastic greenhouse film of the fungus outlet greenhouse, arranging a microspray pipe on the sunshade net every other 2m in a length direction of the fungus outlet greenhouse, mounting temperature control probes in the fungus outlet greenhouse, connecting sprinklers to temperature controllers, connecting the temperature controllers to the temperature control probes, when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 25 DEG C, allowing the sprinklers to be turned on automatically, allowing the microspray pipes to sprinkle water to the external surface of the plastic greenhouse film for cooling, and when the temperature is less than 25 DEG C, allowing the sprinklers to be turned off automatically, thereby controlling the temperature in the fungus outlet greenhouse below 25 DEG C. The method solves the problem of the excess temperature in the fungus outlet greenhouse, allows the temperature in the greenhouse to be more suitable for black fungus growth, and effectively controls diseases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of canopy formula cultivating black fungus.
Background technology
Along with woodear industrial technology development and progress, the woodear mode of production segment wood cultivatedly develops into the cultivation mode that the indoor bacteria the earth of substitute puts out ear by traditional.This cultivation mode has greatly promoted woodear industry and region agricultural expanding economy, but also takies a large amount of cultivation lands used, causes the waste of many cultivated land resources.And extreme weather impact is very large, in case of connected the rainy day, usually there is stream ear, rotten ear phenomenon.Therefore, in recent years, the three-dimensional Pig of greenhouse cultivation goes out ear cultivation mode and grows up gradually, and scale constantly expands, but still there is many problems in producing, as: because canopy temperature is relatively high, high temperature is very large on woodear impact, in production, the general mode of ventilating that adopts is lowered the temperature, when outside air temperature is too high, temperature of shed is higher, the aeration-cooling requirement being also difficult to reach woodear growth, very easily cause the generation of woodear disease, woodear output is also affected very large, so the too high problem of temperature of shed is that current booth goes out ear urgent problem, current this cultivation mode in addition, bacteria in general employing culturing room, after mycelia covers with bag maturation, be transported to out in ear canopy, carry out piling, collapse of setting is stranded bacterium, then get earhole, then piling, collapse of setting are healed the wounds, so i.e. time-consuming, increase production cost of taking a lot of work, also also exists the damaged problem to be separated with plastic sack with mycelium etc. of in piling, collapse of setting process bacterium bag.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of canopy formula cultivating black fungus, when the method for this canopy formula cultivating black fungus is for solving canopy formula fungus cultivation, going out ear temperature of shed too high, and at present cultivation mode time-consuming, take a lot of work, increase the problem of production cost.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the method for this canopy formula cultivating black fungus comprises and connects bacterium, bacteria, after in this process, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, maturation, earhole is got in bacteria indoor, heal the wounds, when going out after earhole place mycelia recovers, going out individually earhole place when having black ear base to be formed, bacterium bag being directly transported to out in ear canopy, carry out hanging bag, temperature control, control wet, ventilate;
Temperature control: going out outside ear canopy plastic greenhouse film to arrange sunshade net, go out in ear canopy and framework is installed, framework has cross bar, above sunshade net, a micro-nozzle is set along going out every 2 meters of ear canopy length direction, carry out spray cooling, temperature control probe is arranged on out in ear canopy, and micro-nozzle is the water pipe with hole for water spraying, sprinkler is connected with temperature controller, and temperature controller connects temperature control probe; When temperature of shed reaches 25 DEG C, sprinkler is opened automatically, water is sprayed onto plastic greenhouse film outer surface by the micro-nozzle be positioned at outside plastic greenhouse film, sunshade net, carry out spray cooling, water is sprayed onto on plastic greenhouse film and lowers the temperature to plastic greenhouse film on the one hand, and hot-air intercepts by water smoke on the other hand, and the temperature used in ear canopy is minimized further, when temperature is closed automatically lower than 25 DEG C of sprinklers, thus ear temperature of shed will be gone out control below 25 DEG C.
The method of hanging bag in such scheme: going out on ear canopy inner frame cross bar, every 20 cm places, cm ~ 25, fasten 2 nylon ropes by isosceles triangle, and bottom knotting; Then the bacterium bag sack of supporting good wound is clipped on nylon rope down, and on 2 nylon ropes, buckle the thin cleek of two buckle, thin cleek length 5 cm, namely complete 1 bag capable of hoisting, 2nd bag by same step by the holder of bacterium bag on thin cleek, the rest may be inferred hung always till; Often organize nylon rope solid and hang 8 bags, often should be undertaken by triangle disposition between row during Pig, the spacing of bag and bag is no less than 20 cm, and row is no less than 25 cm with the spacing of row, and bacterium bag is 30 cm overhead, is fixed on the ground bottom lifting rope.
In such scheme, control is wet, the method of ventilating: after hanging bag in 2 d ~ 3 d, water on ground, use relative air humidity in ear canopy and remain at 80%, spray water on bacterium bag after 2 d ~ 3 d, spray mode is carry out interval water spray every day, humidity is made to reach more than 80%, this stage is based on moisturizing, ventilate every day 2 times, continue 7 d ~ 10 d, group solid edge fate dissolves auricle, and outwards stretch gradually, this stage should strengthen injection flow rate gradually, stronger ventilation, water spray is spray form water as far as possible, between afternoon 3 to next day 9, generally carry out interval water spray early spring, generally spray water between afternoon 5 to next day 7 after May, batch (-type) is taked to water, spray water 30 min, cut off the water 60 min, repeat 3 times ~ 4 times, and side canopy film is rolled ventilate, the water spray in this stage is the water spray of auricularia auriculajudae growth needs, going out in ear canopy to spray water.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts and on the outer plastic greenhouse film of canopy above ear canopy and sunshade net to install micro-nozzle, the method of automatic water jetting cooling, solution has decided the too high problem of ear temperature of shed, temperature of shed is made to be more suitable for woodear growth, the generation of effective control disease, not rotten ear, auricle is thick, output is high, quality better.
2, the present invention adopts and gets earhole in bacteria indoor, directly be placed in after getting earhole on the indoor bacteria shelf of bacteria, heal the wounds, after going out the mycelia recovery of earhole place, go out individually earhole place when having black ear base to be formed, bacterium bag is directly transported to out in ear canopy, carries out hanging bag, so namely solve piling, collapse of setting is stranded bacterium, then earhole is got, piling, collapse of setting are healed the wounds again, time-consuming, increase production cost of taking a lot of work, and solve again the damaged problem to be separated with plastic sack with mycelium etc. of bacterium bag.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below:
The method of this canopy formula cultivating black fungus is as follows:
1, culture medium prescription: broad-leaved wood chip 80%, wheat bran 16%, bean powder 3%, lime 0.3, gypsum 0.7%.Take various composts or fertilisers of cultivating by formula, stir with blender, add water while stirring, stir, make water content reach 60%, obtain composts or fertilisers of cultivating;
2, the high-density polyethylene plastics bag of 16.5cm × 33cm × 0.045 cm selected by plastic sack, adopts sack filling machine pack, and after pack, then adopt nest mouth machine nest mouth, by bacterium rod slash pocket after nest mouth, pack completes;
3, sterilizing: adopt the sterilizing of normal pressure pot, after kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, maintains 8h; Or adopting pressure cooker sterilizing, pressure reaches 0.12MPa, keeps 3h;
4, connect bacterium, bacteria: aseptically extracted by bacterium rod, by woodear bacterial classification access bag, then block sack with tampon or sponge, form bacterium bag; Then put into bacteria room bacteria by connecing the bacterium bag after bacterium, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, and after mycelia covers with bacterium bag, cultivation indoor temperature is reduced to 10 DEG C-20 DEG C and carries out mycelia after-ripening.
5, earhole is got: after mycelia covers with bag, maturation, earhole is got in bacteria indoor, the tampon or the sponge that are about to the bacterium bag after covering with mycelia maturation are pulled out, and utilize tapping machine to get earhole on bacterium bag, are directly placed on bacteria shelf after getting earhole, heal the wounds, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-25 DEG C, when going out after earhole place mycelia recovers, goes out individually earhole place when having black ear base to be formed, bacterium bag is directly transported to out in ear canopy, carries out hanging bag.
6, hanging bag: going out on ear canopy inner frame cross bar, every 20 cm places, cm ~ 25, fasten 2 nylon ropes by isosceles triangle, and bottom knotting.Then the bacterium bag sack of supporting good wound is clipped on nylon rope down, and on 2 nylon ropes, buckle the thin cleek (length is advisable with 5 cm) of two buckle, namely complete 1 bag capable of hoisting, press same step by the holder of bacterium bag on thin cleek, till having hung by that analogy for the 2nd bag always.General nylon rope of often organizing solid can hang 8 bags.Often should be undertaken by triangle disposition between row during Pig, the spacing of bag and bag should not be less than 20 cm, and row can not be less than 25 cm with the spacing of row.Bacterium bag is about 30 cm overhead, and in order to when preventing from ventilating, bacterium bag rocks with the wind, collision makes ear bud come off mutually, should be fixed on the ground bottom lifting rope.
Go out syrinx reason: canopy formula cultivating black fungus, go out ear temperature of shed and control to be the key determining success or failure, strict temperature control, prevent high temperature from " burning bacterium ", the bacterium bag of " burning bacterium " is met high humidity again and is easy to cause miscellaneous bacteria to infect.
Temperature control: going out outside ear canopy plastic greenhouse film to arrange sunshade net, above sunshade net, a micro-nozzle is set along going out every 2 meters of ear canopy length direction, distance between adjacent two micro-nozzles is 2 meters, carry out spray cooling, temperature control probe is arranged on out in ear canopy, micro-nozzle is the water pipe with hole for water spraying, and micro-spraying equipment is connected with temperature controller, and thermostat probe is arranged in canopy; When temperature of shed reaches 25 DEG C, sprinkler is opened automatically, water is sprayed onto plastic greenhouse film outer surface by the micro-nozzle be positioned at outside plastic greenhouse film, sunshade net, carry out spray cooling, water is sprayed onto on plastic greenhouse film and lowers the temperature to plastic greenhouse film on the one hand, and hot-air intercepts by water smoke on the other hand, and the temperature used in ear canopy is minimized further, when temperature is closed automatically lower than 25 DEG C of sprinklers, thus ear temperature of shed will be gone out control below 25 DEG C.
Control is wet, ventilation: after hanging bag in 2 d ~ 3 d, cannot water, water on ground, relative air humidity in canopy is made to remain at about 80%, bacterium bag can water after 2 d ~ 3 d in the past, and carry out interval water spray every day, make humidity reach more than 80 %, this stage must guard against and waters heavy water, based on moisturizing, ventilate every day 2 times, continue 7 d ~ 10 d, group solid edge fate dissolves auricle, and outwards stretches gradually.This stage should strengthen irrigation amount gradually, stronger ventilation, water spray is spray form water as far as possible, between afternoon 3 to next day 9, generally carry out interval water spray early spring, generally water between next day 7 at afternoon 5 after May, take batch (-type) to water, water 30 min, cut off the water 60 min, repeats 3 times ~ 4 times.And side canopy film is rolled ventilate.D represents sky, is the English first letter in sky.
7, gather: when woodear auricle grows to 3 cm ~ 5 cm, just can gather time sagging in one's ear, after gathering, carry out airing.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a canopy formula cultivating black fungus, it is characterized in that: the method for this canopy formula cultivating black fungus comprises and connects bacterium, bacteria, after in this process, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, maturation, get earhole in bacteria indoor, heal the wounds, after going out the mycelia recovery of earhole place, go out individually earhole place when having black ear base to be formed, directly be transported to out by bacterium bag in ear canopy, carry out hanging bag, temperature control, control wet, ventilate;
Temperature control: going out outside ear canopy plastic greenhouse film to arrange sunshade net, go out in ear canopy and framework is installed, framework has cross bar, above sunshade net, a micro-nozzle is set along going out every 2 meters of ear canopy length direction, carry out spray cooling, temperature control probe is arranged on out in ear canopy, and micro-nozzle is the water pipe with hole for water spraying, sprinkler is connected with temperature controller, and temperature control probe is arranged in canopy; When temperature of shed reaches 25 DEG C, sprinkler is opened automatically, water is sprayed onto plastic greenhouse film outer surface by the micro-nozzle be positioned at outside plastic greenhouse film, sunshade net, carry out spray cooling, water is sprayed onto on plastic greenhouse film and lowers the temperature to plastic greenhouse film on the one hand, and hot-air intercepts by water smoke on the other hand, and the temperature used in ear canopy is minimized further, when temperature is closed automatically lower than 25 DEG C of sprinklers, thus ear temperature of shed will be gone out control below 25 DEG C.
2. the method for canopy formula cultivating black fungus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method for described hanging bag: going out on ear canopy inner frame cross bar, every 20 cm places, cm ~ 25, fasten 2 nylon ropes by isosceles triangle, and bottom knotting; Then the bacterium bag sack of supporting good wound is clipped on nylon rope down, and on 2 nylon ropes, buckling the thin cleek of two buckle, thin cleek length 5 cm, has namely hung 1 bag, 2nd bag by same step by the holder of bacterium bag on thin cleek, the rest may be inferred hung always till; Often organize nylon rope solid and hang 8 bags, often should be undertaken by triangle disposition between row during Pig, the spacing of bag and bag is no less than 20 cm, and row is no less than 25 cm with the spacing of row, and bacterium bag is 30 cm overhead, is fixed on the ground bottom lifting rope.
3. the method for canopy formula cultivating black fungus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described control is wet, the method of ventilating: after hanging bag in 2 d ~ 3 d, water on ground, use relative air humidity in ear canopy and remain at 80%, spray water on bacterium bag after 2 d ~ 3 d, spray mode is carry out interval water spray every day, humidity is made to reach more than 80%, this stage is based on moisturizing, ventilate every day 2 times, continue 7 d ~ 10 d, group solid edge fate dissolves auricle, and outwards stretch gradually, this stage should strengthen injection flow rate gradually, stronger ventilation, water spray is spray form water as far as possible, between afternoon 3 to next day 9, generally carry out interval water spray early spring, after May general between afternoon 5 to next day 7 before spray water, batch (-type) is taked to spray water, spray water 30 min, cut off the water 60 min, repeat 3 times ~ 4 times, and flanking plastic canopy film is rolled ventilate.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105961027A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-28 | 辽宁三友农业生物科技有限公司 | Auricularia fuscosuccinea hanging bag cultivation frame |
WO2017101246A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | Cultivation system and method for oyster mushrooms |
CN107149141A (en) * | 2017-06-04 | 2017-09-12 | 珠海蔚泉食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dustless harmless black fungus dried product |
CN107306665A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-03 | 贵州高原蓝梦菇业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata anniversary fruiting |
CN108739077A (en) * | 2018-06-24 | 2018-11-06 | 镇安县秦绿食品有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional tower type agaric plantation frame and fungus cultivation method |
CN108739073A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of edible mushroom rod hanging bag auxiliary device |
CN110810132A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-21 | 吉林农业大学 | Fungus cultivation device and application thereof in black fungus planting |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017101246A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | Cultivation system and method for oyster mushrooms |
CN105961027A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-28 | 辽宁三友农业生物科技有限公司 | Auricularia fuscosuccinea hanging bag cultivation frame |
CN107149141A (en) * | 2017-06-04 | 2017-09-12 | 珠海蔚泉食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dustless harmless black fungus dried product |
CN107306665A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-03 | 贵州高原蓝梦菇业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata anniversary fruiting |
CN108739077A (en) * | 2018-06-24 | 2018-11-06 | 镇安县秦绿食品有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional tower type agaric plantation frame and fungus cultivation method |
CN108739073A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-06 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of edible mushroom rod hanging bag auxiliary device |
CN108739073B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2023-07-21 | 沈阳农业大学 | Auxiliary device for hanging bags on edible fungus sticks |
CN110810132A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-21 | 吉林农业大学 | Fungus cultivation device and application thereof in black fungus planting |
CN110810132B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-08-03 | 吉林农业大学 | Fungus cultivation device and application thereof in black fungus planting |
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