CN105590920B - 半导体封装 - Google Patents

半导体封装 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105590920B
CN105590920B CN201510767545.XA CN201510767545A CN105590920B CN 105590920 B CN105590920 B CN 105590920B CN 201510767545 A CN201510767545 A CN 201510767545A CN 105590920 B CN105590920 B CN 105590920B
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package
semiconductor package
core substrate
layer
solder layer
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CN105590920A (zh
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柳盛旭
金东先
徐玄锡
李知行
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LG Innotek Co Ltd
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LG Innotek Co Ltd
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Abstract

提供了一种半导体封装,包括:上封装,所述上封装上安装有元件,并且所述上封装包括由金属焊盘部分固定的金属柱;以及下封装,所述下封装上安装有元件,并且所述下封装连接到所述金属柱上。

Description

半导体封装
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及半导体封装。
背景技术
随着半导体技术和用户需求的发展,实施了电子设备的尺寸微型化和重量轻量化。因此,出现了用于将同种或不同种半导体芯片实施为单个单元封装的多芯片封装技术。与将单个的半导体芯片实施为封装的封装方法相比,多芯片封装方法有效地减小封装尺寸或重量以贴装半导体芯片。具体地讲,多芯片封装普遍应用于要求微型化和减重的便携式通信终端等。
在各种类型的多芯片封装中,两个或更多个封装彼此堆叠的堆叠类型的多芯片封装被称为层叠封装(以下称为“PoP”)。随着半导体封装技术的发展以及半导体封装的高容量、减薄和微型化的改进,层压芯片的数量增加了。
在常规的层叠封装方法中,两个封装通过焊料球印刷和回流焊接工艺连接上,或者首先模制下封装,并且模制部分经过激光钻孔工艺使得在下封装的PoP焊盘中形成通孔(即,穿塑孔方法,Through Molded Via Method),并且焊料球印制在通孔中,从而使用回流焊接工艺连接下封装和贴装有存储晶模的上封装。
为了实现高度集成度且高性能的层叠封装产品,增加了安装的裸片(die)数量或者尝试贴装无源元件。为此目的,要求增宽封装之间的距离。
然而,根据常规技术的半导体封装存在以下问题:当增加焊料球的尺寸或高度以增宽半导体封装之间的距离时,焊料球开裂或发生损毁。
发明内容
本发明考虑到上述问题,并且本发明的实施例的一个方面提供了一种半导体封装,所述半导体封装通过增加上封装与下封装之间的距离并且增加贴装芯片的数量来实现高密度,并且能够实施上封装和下封装的出色的接合可靠性。
本发明的实施例的另一个方面提供了一种半导体封装,所述半导体封装被配置成金属柱固定在上封装上使得可以简化生产工艺并且可以减少生产时间和成本。
根据本发明的实施例的一个方面,一种半导体封装可以包括:其上装有元件的上封装,所述上封装包括由金属焊盘部分固定的金属柱;以及其上装有元件的下封装,并且所述下封装连接到金属柱上。
所述金属柱可以进一步包括在所述金属柱与所述下封装之间的连接表面上由金属材料制成的焊料层。
所述焊料层可以接合在所述下封装的电路图案上。
所述焊料层可以由Sn和Cu的合金材料或Sn和Ag的合金材料制成。
所述焊料层可以形成在所述金属柱的顶面上。
所述焊料层可以形成为包围所述金属柱。
所述焊料层可以形成在所述金属柱的顶面和侧面上。
所述金属柱可以由Cu材料制成。
所述上封装可以包括芯部基板以及形成在芯部基板的背对的表面上的绝缘层。
所述金属焊盘部分可以形成在所述芯部基板的背对的表面的每个表面上。
附图说明
附图用于进一步理解本发明,并且并入且构成本说明书的一部分。附图与本说明书一起示出了本发明的示例性实施例,并且起到解释本发明的原理的作用。图中:
图1是示出了根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的横截面图;
图2至图3是图示了用于说明根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的金属柱的视图;
图4至图5是图示了用于说明根据本发明的另一个实施例的半导体封装的金属柱的视图;并且
图6至图13是图示了用于说明根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的制造方法的视图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图更完整地描述根据本发明的实施例。然而,本发明能够以不同的方式来实施并且不应当被理解为限于本文所述实施例。在以下描述中,要注意,当常规元件的功能以及与本发明有关的元件的详细描述会使本发明的要旨模糊时,将会省略这些元件的详细描述。另外,应当理解,附图所示的元件的形状和大小可以被夸张地图示以便容易理解对本发明的结构的描述,并且不应当理解成元件的形状和尺寸是指实际应用的形状和尺寸。
图1是示出了根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的横截面图。
参见图1,根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装可以被配置成POP(层叠封装)形式的封装,其中上封装400层叠在下封装300上,使得上、下封装可以彼此电连接。
半导体封装包括下封装300、上封装400和金属柱510。
下封装300被配置成使得至少一个下元件370贴装在下封装基板310上。同时,下元件370可以由半导体构成。
上封装400被配置成使得至少一个上元件430贴装在上封装基板401上。同时,上元件430可以由半导体构成。
此时,下封装基板310和上封装基板410的至少一个可以包括印刷电路板(PCB)。
举例来说,下封装300可以包括下封装基板310以及贴装在下封装基板上的下元件370。当形成多个下元件370时,通过在它们之间插设绝缘材料层而堆叠下元件。
可以在下封装基板310的底面上贴装焊料球形式的外部端子350,该外部端子将半导体封装电连接到外部设备上。
类似地,上封装400可以包括上封装基板410以及贴装在上封装基板410的顶面上的上元件430。当上元件430包括多个时,通过它们之间插设绝缘材料层可以堆叠上元件。
上元件430和上封装基板410可以通过多个接合线442彼此电连接上。
金属柱510被包括在具有上述构造的上封装400中,并且经由金属焊盘固定在上封装基板410上。金属柱510可以包括Cu材料。
此时,焊料层520形成在金属柱510的表面上。
也就是说,焊料层520形成在金属柱510与下封装300之间的连接表面上以便粘附在下封装300的电路图案上。
根据本发明的实施例,焊料层520可以是由Sn和Cu的合金材料或Sn和Ag的合金材料制成的,即,具有230℃至250℃熔点的高熔点焊接材料。金属柱510可以是由Cu材料制成的。
当使用常规的通用焊接材料时,通用焊接材料的熔点为210℃至220℃。然而,如同在本发明的实施例中,当焊料层520是由熔点为230℃至250℃的高熔点焊接材料制成的时候,接合稳定性很出色,并且因此在层压下封装300时,可以确保稳定的工艺成品率。
当使用由这种高熔点焊接材料制成的焊料层520时,可以确保在执行与下封装300的接合时稳定的工艺成品率,并且通过增大上封装400与下封装300之间的距离,可以实现半导体芯片的高密度层压,使得可以形成具有改善的可靠性和稳定性的半导体封装。
此外,可以进一步在金属柱510的表面上形成包括Au和Ni的至少一种材料的表面处理层。
如同根据本发明的实施例,当表面处理层进一步形成在金属柱510的表面上时,可以提高与下封装300的接合可靠性,并且可以确保在层压下封装300时的稳定的工艺成品率,并且与此同时,因为防止了金属柱510氧化,可以确保半导体封装的稳定性。
图2至图3是图示了用于说明根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的金属柱的视图;图4至图5是图示了用于说明根据本发明的另一个实施例的半导体封装的金属柱的视图。
如图2所示,根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的金属柱510布置在上封装基板410的底面上。
具体地讲,如图3所示,金属柱510形成在焊盘部分501上并且固定在上封装基板410上。
另外,如图4和图5所示,焊料层520可以进一步形成在金属柱510上。
具体地讲,如图4所示,焊料层520可以形成在金属柱510的顶面上,或者如图5所示,焊料层520可以形成为包围金属柱510。
此时,在图5的实施例中,焊料层520可以形成为覆盖金属柱510的顶面和侧面。
上述构造的焊料层520接合到下封装的电路图案上。
在图4所示的实施例中,焊料层通过使用电镀方法形成在金属柱510的顶面上。如此,当焊料层520通过使用电镀方法形成在金属柱510的顶面上时,由于在组装过程中不需要使用单独的焊料球或焊膏,所以简化了工序。
此外,在图5的实施例中,由于焊料层520形成为覆盖金属柱510,所以不需要使用单独的焊料球或焊膏。因此,可以简化组装过程。另外,由于金属柱510布置在焊料层520中,所以构成焊料层520的焊料的柔软特性得到补偿使得焊料层可以形成为具有更高的高度。
此外,在图5的实施例中,由于焊料层520形成为覆盖金属柱510的顶面和侧面,所以可以增加与下封装的表面接合可靠性。
同时,金属柱510可以包含Cu材料,并且焊料层520可以由Sn和Cu的合金材料或Sn和Ag的合金材料制成。
图6至图13是图示了用于说明根据本发明的实施例的半导体封装的制造方法的视图;
如图6所示,绝缘层412、413形成在芯部基板411上。芯部基板411上形成有焊盘部分501、502。
然后,如图7所示,焊盘部分501、502暴露到其中的开口形成在绝缘层412、413上。
然后,如图8所示,用于形成金属柱的金属种子层503形成在布置在焊盘部分501、502的绝缘层413上。
然后,如图9所示,在其上形成光致抗蚀剂层600,并且如图10所示,在光致抗蚀剂层600上形成开口。
然后,如图11所示,用金属材料填充形成在绝缘层413和光致抗蚀剂层600中的开口。此时,可以在填充有金属材料的开口的表面上进一步形成表面处理层。
然后,如图12所示,去除光致抗蚀剂层600,并且如图13所示,去除金属晶种层503,从而完成金属柱510。
如先前所述,在本发明的详细描述中,已经描述了本发明的详细的示例性实施例,明显的是,本领域的技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下进行修改和变型。因此,应当理解的是,前述是为了说明本发明并且不应当被理解成局限于公开的特定实施例,并且所公开的实施例以及其他实施例的修改旨在包括在所附权利要求书及其等同形式的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种半导体封装,包括:
下封装;以及
上封装,该上封装连接在所述下封装上,
其中,所述上封装包括:
第一芯部基板;
焊盘部分,设置在所述第一芯部基板的下表面上;
最下绝缘层,设置在所述第一芯部基板的所述下表面上,并具有露出所述焊盘部分的下表面的第一开口;
金属柱,设置在所述焊盘部分的所述下表面上,并向下突出到所述最下绝缘层的下表面之外;以及
焊料层,一体地设置在所述金属柱的下表面以及所述金属柱的侧面上,
其中,所述下封装包括:
第二芯部基板;
电路图案,设置在所述第二芯部基板的上表面上,并连接到所述焊料层;
最上绝缘层,设置在所述第二芯部基板的所述上表面,并具有露出所述电路图案的上表面的第二开口,
其中,所述焊料层的一部分设置在所述最上绝缘层的所述第二开口中,
其中,所述焊料层的下表面直接接触由所述最上绝缘层的所述第二开口露出的所述电路图案的所述上表面,
其中,所述焊料层的所述下表面与所述最上绝缘层的下表面在同一平面内,
其中,所述焊料层的所述下表面比所述最上绝缘层的上表面和所述金属柱的下表面处于较低水平的位置,
其中,所述焊料层的上表面比所述最上绝缘层的所述上表面和所述金属柱的下表面处于较高水平的位置,
其中,所述焊料层的所述上表面比所述金属柱的上表面处于较低水平的位置,
其中,所述焊料层由熔点为230℃至250℃的高熔点焊接材料形成,
其中,所述金属柱由铜材料形成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装,其中所述焊料层由Sn和Cu的合金材料或者Sn和Ag的合金材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装,其中所述上封装还包括:在所述第一芯部基板上的上元件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的半导体封装,进一步包括连接所述上元件和所述第一芯部基板的接合线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装,其中所述下封装还包括:在所述第二芯部基板上的下元件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的半导体封装,进一步包括外部端子,所述外部端子形成在所述第二芯部基板的底面上并且将所述半导体封装电连接到外部设备。
7.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装,进一步包括形成在所述金属柱的表面上的表面处理层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的半导体封装,其中所述表面处理层包含Au或Ni。
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