CN105558439A - Fly trapping bait and fly trapping cup - Google Patents
Fly trapping bait and fly trapping cup Download PDFInfo
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- CN105558439A CN105558439A CN201511000733.6A CN201511000733A CN105558439A CN 105558439 A CN105558439 A CN 105558439A CN 201511000733 A CN201511000733 A CN 201511000733A CN 105558439 A CN105558439 A CN 105558439A
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- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/10—Catching insects by using Traps
- A01M1/106—Catching insects by using Traps for flying insects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an automatic fly trapping bait which can be made by hands for common people and is high in efficiency, and an application method of the fly trapping bait. The fly trapping bait is characterized by comprising a fragrant and sweet agent, a fresh fermentation agent and a decaying and stinking agent, wherein the fragrant and sweet agent comprises one or more kinds of sugar, sugar products, milk, dairy products, and fruit peels; the fresh fermentation agent comprises one or more kinds of animal blood, egg white, poultry discarded impurities, animal internal organs and bean products; the decaying and stinking agent comprises one or more kinds of overnight meal, fermented overnight meal, fermented poultry discarded impurities, fermented internal organs and fermented animal feeds. The application method of the fly trapping bait comprises the following step of putting one or more kinds of the fragrant and sweet agent, the fresh fermentation agent and the decaying and stinking agent in a flytrap. The fly trapping bait disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, green and environmentally-friendly, people can utilize domestic wastes to make the bait for trapping flies, so that the fly trapping bait is convenient and durable, the flies in environment can be efficiently removed without generating pollution, and secondary pollution of chemical pollution, photovoltaic pollution and the like cannot be generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to life field of tool, particularly relate to one and catch fly bait and catch fly cup.
Background technology
What fly entered the mankind lives in concentrated communities space, causes huge harm to the mankind.In China, first of fly is defined as " four pests "; In Australia, within 2007, trillion flies attack Melbourne; In the U.S., when Obama accepts television interview, be also subject to fly and attack.These illustrate, the harm of fly is the public hazards in the world, and people abhor; Every household all wishes most fly of going out.
At present, market to have a lot " go out fly emperorship ", electronics, optics, ultrasonic, silk screen, medicament, stick etc.The world has nearly hundred kinds " go out fly emperorship ", they have certain fly effect of going out, but effect is very micro-, and hidden danger the more, and query the more, why do not have one " go out fly emperorship " can promote all over the world? why do not form every household, automatically the situation of lasting fly eradication? how the place fly eradication of electric energy is not had? what if does the electric shock of electric equipment products threaten? what if did medicament lose efficacy? what if is the secondary pollution of chemical products? is the cost of fly of why going out so high? what if is the secondary pollution of dead fly? these problems, it is all current " go out fly emperorship " open question, trace it to its cause is that their theory of " extinction " fly is not right: they come with " killing fly " " extinction fly ", judge the case as it stands, not rationality is not carried out to " fly " this biology, multianalysis, they just the science of shortage theoretical direction, blindly, perception, " killing fly " means of local, the reason that Here it is produces little effect.Must rectify fly theory of going out, ability " motivated ", just can have " Be very effective ".
Scientific research all needs correct theoretical direction, needs advanced scientific idea." fly eradication " is in fact also a serious scientific research task, is a global ancient problem, more needs correct " fly eradication " theory to instruct.What is the correct scientific research theory of " fly of going out "? first, fly is saprophagous animal.Theoretical explanation, a fly, can breed 2,000,000,000,000 hundred million offsprings for 1 year, and this makes it become saprophagous animal group maximum on the earth, and " having corruption must have the rotten fly of food ", so fly also becomes " exploit " " cleaner " of the earth; If the earth does not have " fly ", the earth is by " maligned ", and people then cannot survive; So, human needs fly, human needs protects fly; So, the selection of facing mankind two opposition: protection fly, or extinction fly? actual this problem of answer is very simple, exactly: extinction enters indoor fly, eliminate the fly of field, fairground, animal farm as possible, reduce the harm of indoor fly, the fly of conservation of nature state, preserves our planet clean; This is only our correct fly theory of going out.This fly theory of going out is very important, can search out correct fly eradication method under the guidance of this theory, could solve fly very well to the harm problem of the mankind.So just show a problem, that be exactly fly can with earth perpetuity, thus forever enter indoor fly, so indoor fly of going out is exactly a permanent job; So, eliminate indoor fly technology should be can for a long time constantly, every household participate in, the popular system engineering that automatically can go out most indoor fly, automatically the popular system engineering concept of most indoor fly of going out is very important, it comprises: research make every household can suit measures to local conditions ground, make fly bait approach easily, development has the utensil killing indoor fly that is long-acting, automatic, environmental protection; Research has non-harmful post-processing approach to catching the fly of going out; After these system research works complete, just can accomplish that every household is participated in and go out that most indoor fly is movable, could the harm of fly to the mankind is down to minimum, people just can see " fly eradication " effect.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of applicable popular manual fabrication, high, the automation of efficiency catch fly bait and using method thereof.
One catches fly bait, it is characterized in that: comprise fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent and rancid dose;
Wherein, fragrant and sweet dose comprises at least one in sugar, sugar prod, milk, dairy produce, pericarp;
Fresh awake agent comprises fresh animal blood, egg white, poultry abandon at least one in assorted, pluck, bean product;
Described fragrant and sweet dose, the adding proportion of fresh awake agent and rancid dose is 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 0:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:0:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:0 or only adds wherein a kind of;
Rancid dose comprise food overnight, fermentation after food overnight, fermentation after raw fowl abandon assorted, fermentation after internal organ, ferment after animal feed at least one;
Described using method of catching fly bait is, by fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent, at least one in rancid dose be placed in flytrap tool.
The fermentation condition of described rancid dose was the water adding rancid dose of quality 5% ~ 10% by mass percentage, 15 ~ 35 DEG C of bottom fermentations at least three days.
One is matching used catches fly cup, it is characterized in that: be made up of bowl cover, cup and cup; The inside of bowl cover is provided with screw thread, is provided with the cynapse of hemispherical to lower recess, the surface uniform of bowl cover is provided with multiple through hole on the top of bowl cover; Be provided with the first screw thread above cup, the lower outer of cup is provided with the second screw thread, cup bottom is provided with cup bearing, cup bearing evenly arranges the first through hole; The bottom of cup is circular cup seat board, cup plate is provided with the cup support of hollow cylindrical, cup support is provided with the second through hole, inside cup support, be provided with the 3rd screw thread, cup plate is provided with feed dish in cup support, feed dish is provided with dividing plate; The screw thread that the inside of described first screw thread and bowl cover is arranged coincide; Second screw thread and the 3rd screw thread coincide.
The diameter of described cup bearing is less than the diameter of cup; The external diameter of described cup bearing equals the internal diameter of cup support; Size and shape and second through hole of described first through hole adapt; Described fly cup of catching is made by transparent plastic.
Structure of the present invention is simple, environmental protection, sanitary waste oneself can be utilized to make bait and catch flies, facilitate durable, efficiently remove the fly in environment and do not produce pollution, also not producing the secondary pollution such as chemical contamination, photoelectricity pollution.Bait used is all natural green bait, does not add any chemical agent, does not also need to use photoelectricity, can be very prepared, and environment-friendly automatic catches fly.Really can the harm of fly to the mankind be dropped to minimum, thus solve the ancient difficult problem in this world of fly eradication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of catching fly cup of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of cup lid structure schematic diagram of catching fly cup of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of cup body structure schematic diagram of catching fly cup of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of cup seat structure schematic diagram of catching fly cup of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of cup cross-sectional view of catching fly cup of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme for a better understanding of the present invention, describes technical scheme provided by the invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Lower example only for further illustrating the present invention, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
One catches fly bait, it is characterized in that: comprise fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent and rancid dose;
Wherein, fragrant and sweet dose comprises at least one in sugar, sugar prod, milk, dairy produce, pericarp;
Fresh awake agent comprises fresh animal blood, egg white, poultry abandon at least one in assorted, pluck, bean product;
Rancid dose comprise food overnight, fermentation after food overnight, fermentation after raw fowl abandon assorted, fermentation after internal organ, ferment after animal feed at least one;
Described fragrant and sweet dose, the adding proportion of fresh awake agent and rancid dose is 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 0:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:0:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:0 or only adds wherein a kind of;
Described using method of catching fly bait is, by fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent, at least one in rancid dose be placed in flytrap tool.
The fermentation condition of described rancid dose was the water adding rancid dose of quality 5% ~ 10% by mass percentage, 15 ~ 35 DEG C of bottom fermentations at least three days.When fermenting to best when having a liquid bubble, can not close too tight, preventing blast; Produce a large amount of ammonia when having fermented, cacosmia is unpleasant, but this bait lure the ability of drawing, the ability of drawing is lured considerably beyond other fly baits, can attracting flies, be convenient to cattle farm, pig farm kill fly and use, can in thousand, ten thousand lure, kill fly.Lay a little rotten egg, watermelon, fruit again, be placed on better effects if in several zonules that feed dish 6 inner route clapboard 6-1 is divided into.
The preparation method of bait disclosed by the invention is simple, and raw material is simple and easy to get, and every household can be done it yourself, making bait of gathering materials on the spot.The invention also discloses one and catch fly cup, coordinate bait to use, can catch more efficiently, kill fly.
One catches fly cup, it is characterized in that: be made up of bowl cover 1, cup 2 and cup 4; The inside of bowl cover 1 is provided with screw thread; Be provided with the first screw thread 2-1 above cup 2, the lower outer of cup 2 is provided with the second screw thread 2-2, cup 2 bottom is provided with cup bearing 3, cup bearing 3 evenly arranges the first through hole 3-1; The bottom of cup 4 is circular cup seat board 4-1, cup plate 4-1 is provided with the cup support 5 of hollow cylindrical, cup support 5 is provided with the second through hole 5-1, the 3rd screw thread 5-2 is provided with inside cup support 5, cup plate 4-1 is provided with feed dish 6 in cup support 5, feed dish 6 is provided with dividing plate 6-1; The screw thread that the inside of described first screw thread 2-1 and bowl cover 1 is arranged coincide; Second screw thread 2-2 and the 3rd screw thread 5-2 coincide.
The diameter of described cup bearing 3 is less than the diameter of cup 2; The external diameter of described cup bearing 3 equals the internal diameter of cup support 5; Size and shape and the second through hole 5-1 of described first through hole 3-1 adapt; Described fly cup of catching is made by transparent plastic, and cup 4 is made by dark colored plastic.
The surface uniform of bowl cover 1 is provided with multiple through hole, on through hole, hoist cable can be installed, catch fly cup in a suspended manner for the present invention.The inside of bowl cover 1 is provided with screw thread, is provided with the cynapse of hemispherical to lower recess on the top of bowl cover 1, adopts senior transparent plastic to make, make use of the phototaxis of fly.The first screw thread 2-1 is provided with above cup 2, the lower outer of cup 2 is provided with the second screw thread 2-2, the screw thread that the inside of the first screw thread 2-1 and bowl cover 1 is arranged coincide and cup lower inside is provided with conical through hole 2-3, the through hole 2-3 of shell and inner conical moulds and notes one, its space can water, and stock's water is for subsequent use to flood fly of going out.Cup 2 bottom being provided with cup bearing 3, cup bearing 3 evenly arranges the first through hole 3-1, is fly entrance; Second screw thread 2-2 and the 3rd screw thread 5-2 coincide and can spin, and rotating base can the size of by-pass cock fly entrance.The bottom of cup 4 is circular cup seat board 4-1, cup plate 4-1 is provided with the cup support 5 of hollow cylindrical, cup support 5 is provided with the second through hole 5-1, the 3rd screw thread 5-2 is provided with inside cup support 5, cup plate 4-1 is provided with feed dish 6 in cup support 5, feed dish 6 is provided with dividing plate 6-1, feed dish 6 is divided into 3 ~ 4 regions, put different sweet, fresh, raw meat, smelly bait to divide, draw different fly to lure.
Fly is entered by the fly entrance of base, food in feed dish 6, take off after having enough, because of its take off can only be to dead ahead, upwards 30 degree of angles flight, cup 4 is black (purple best), in base, form " black wall ", the characteristic (phototaxis) utilizing again fly to fly to bright district forces fly to fly through cone upper opening, flies in main body cup;
Cup 2 inwall and conical through hole 2-3 synthesize a cistern, have water in pond; The fly tired out that flies in main body cup will drop on below in water, fly is not able to swim, and can only be drowned; When fly falls, major part just drops in water, and small part can fall back bait pond, because be also liquid, also can be drowned; So the fly flown out is little, even if fly out, the fly left also can fly back; So fly catch rate is very high!
Embodiment 1:
Oneself fly eradication, 143 ㎡ build face, the morning 10 point, atmospheric temperature 25 DEG C
The watermelon peel be cut into small pieces, fritter fresh meat skin, the residual juice of egg rice wine soup are put into three zonules that feed dish 6 inner route clapboard 6-1 is divided into; Cup 4 and cup 2 are spun and is integrated, notice that the first through hole 3-1 just leaves fly entrance to the second through hole 5-1; Again to water filling in cup 2, water filling height is at the edge 5mm lower than conical through hole 2-3; Spinning bowl cover 1, then be placed on the windowsill in parlor by catching fly cup, within five minutes, just there is fly to catch, 12:30 Chinese meal, lose fly in family and fly, catch fly cup and catch blowfly 3; Sarcophagid 8.
Embodiment 2:
Private edge, pig farm, catching fly point has pork pig 120, and fly flies all over the sky, and bait is with one, pig feed material, about 20g; Add fish first, eat surplus food residue, meat soup juice, puts into vial, and in atmospheric temperature 27 DEG C of situations, fermentation in 4 days in advance; During use, the liquid of fermentation is poured into the zonule that feed dish 6 inner route clapboard 6-1 is divided into, fresh watermelon peel is put into, rotten egg juice in other zonules be divided at feed dish 6 inner route clapboard 6-1;
Point, placed edge, pig farm (not allowing into pig farm) and caught 2, fly cup the morning 9; 12 noon is got and is caught fly cup, and be dead fly in heaps, each catches fly cup more than 400, and after dead fly is poured out, feed chicken, dead fly is by chicken eat everything up.
Embodiment 3:
By certain community dustbin, 17:00, atmospheric temperature 27 DEG C, fly multi items.
By fresh yellow eel first, rotten apple a slice, watermelon peel fourth several piece, the fermentate liquid several of case study on implementation 2 puts into the zonule that feed dish 6 inner route clapboard 6-1 is divided into respectively, cup 4 and cup 2 are spun and is integrated, notice that the first through hole 3-1 just leaves fly entrance to the second through hole 5-1; Again to water filling in cup 2, water filling height is at the edge 5mm lower than conical through hole 2-3; Spinning bowl cover 1, then fly cup will be caught be placed on by dustbin.19:00 fetches, and catches in fly cup and has little sarcophagid, bluebottle, and large sarcophagid, sum 172.
Embodiment 4:
The windowsill at the fish stand of food market, 10:00, hall temperature 25 DEG C,
Bait 1, watermelon peel fourth several piece, several, the fermentate flowing water of case study on implementation 2, is placed on and catches No. one, fly cup,
Bait 2, watermelon peel fourth several piece, several, the fermentate flowing water of case study on implementation 2, rotten egg water is a little, is placed on and catches No. two, fly cup,
11:40 receives and catches fly cup, catches fly cup obviously catch fly cup than No. 1 many for No. 2, about 200, catch about 80, fly cup for No. 2.
Suspend when catching fly, the first through hole 3-1 of cup 4 and cup 2 screw-on place and the second through hole 5-1 is staggered, so just closes fly entrance.After one hour, fly is all drowned; Screw off cup 4, keep bait; Open bowl cover 1, pour out fly and water, edible for chicken, duck or fish, namely accomplish the dead fly of harmless treatment.The fly that catches that fly catching bottle can carry out second round immediately works; This process is continuously, does not leave over any pollutant, so catching fly process of going out also is environmental protection, outdoor fly of going out is generally that foul smell distributes comparatively to be opened after 1 hour, and it is more to carry out fly, catches and kills more, hundreds of only, several thousand be pickles; And this flood tide kills fly method, not power consumption, without chemical agent and energy-conservation, safety and environmental protection; Convenient and reliable.
Structure of the present invention is simple, environmental protection, sanitary waste oneself can be utilized to make bait and catch flies, facilitate durable, efficiently remove the fly in environment and do not produce pollution, also not producing the secondary pollution such as chemical contamination, photoelectricity pollution.Bait used is all natural green bait, does not add any chemical agent, does not also need to use photoelectricity, can be very prepared, and environment-friendly automatic catches fly.Really can the harm of fly to the mankind be dropped to minimum, thus solve the ancient difficult problem in this world of fly eradication.
Claims (5)
1. catch a fly bait, it is characterized in that: comprise fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent and rancid dose;
Wherein, fragrant and sweet dose comprises at least one in sugar, sugar prod, milk, dairy produce, pericarp;
Fresh awake agent comprises fresh animal blood, egg white, poultry abandon at least one in assorted, pluck, bean product;
Rancid dose comprise fermentation after food overnight, fermentation after raw fowl abandon assorted, fermentation after internal organ, ferment after animal feed at least one;
Described fragrant and sweet dose, the adding proportion of fresh awake agent and rancid dose is 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 0:1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:0:1 ~ 6 or 1 ~ 6:1 ~ 6:0 or only adds wherein a kind of;
Described using method of catching fly bait is, by fragrant and sweet dose, fresh awake agent, at least one in rancid dose be placed in flytrap tool.
2. one according to claim 1 caught fly bait, it is characterized in that: the fermentation condition of rancid dose is the water adding rancid dose of quality 5% ~ 10% by mass percentage, 15 ~ 35 DEG C of bottom fermentations at least three days.
3. catch a fly cup, it is characterized in that: be made up of bowl cover (1), cup (2) and cup (4); The inside of bowl cover (1) is provided with screw thread; Cup (2) top is provided with the first screw thread (2-1), the lower outer of cup (2) is provided with the second screw thread (2-2), cup (2) bottom is provided with cup bearing (3), cup bearing (3) evenly arranges the first through hole (3-1); The bottom of cup (4) is circular cup seat board (4-1), cup plate (4-1) is provided with the cup support (5) of hollow cylindrical, cup support (5) is provided with the second through hole (5-1), cup support (5) inner side is provided with the 3rd screw thread (5-2), in the upper cup support (5) of cup plate (4-1), be provided with feed dish (6), feed dish (6) is provided with dividing plate (6-1); The screw thread that described first screw thread (2-1) and the inside of bowl cover (1) are arranged coincide; Second screw thread (2-2) coincide with the 3rd screw thread (5-2).
4. one according to claim 3 catches fly cup, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described cup bearing (3) is less than the diameter of cup (2); The external diameter of described cup bearing (3) equals the internal diameter of cup support (5); Size and shape and second through hole (5-1) of described first through hole (3-1) adapt; Described bowl cover (1), cup (2) are made by transparent plastic, and cup bearing (3) is made by dark colored plastic.
5. one according to claim 1 catches fly bait, it is characterized in that: preferred, and described flytrap tool catches fly cup for the one described in claim 3 or 4.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201511000733.6A CN105558439A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Fly trapping bait and fly trapping cup |
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CN201511000733.6A CN105558439A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Fly trapping bait and fly trapping cup |
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CN201511000733.6A Pending CN105558439A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Fly trapping bait and fly trapping cup |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106172309A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 杨林治 | A kind of using method simply catching fly bucket |
CN107494486A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of prevention and controls that orchard pest is trapped and killed using sugar-vinegar liquid |
CN109892339A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-18 | 北京绿巨人生物科技有限公司 | A kind of flies lure agent and preparation method thereof |
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CN106172309A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 杨林治 | A kind of using method simply catching fly bucket |
CN107494486A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of prevention and controls that orchard pest is trapped and killed using sugar-vinegar liquid |
CN109892339A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-06-18 | 北京绿巨人生物科技有限公司 | A kind of flies lure agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |