CN105509085A - System and method for reducing boiler NOx emission by tertiary air concentrated-diluted separation - Google Patents
System and method for reducing boiler NOx emission by tertiary air concentrated-diluted separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509085A CN105509085A CN201510958383.8A CN201510958383A CN105509085A CN 105509085 A CN105509085 A CN 105509085A CN 201510958383 A CN201510958383 A CN 201510958383A CN 105509085 A CN105509085 A CN 105509085A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/30—Staged fuel supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/30—Separating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
- F23K2203/20—Feeding/conveying devices
- F23K2203/201—Feeding/conveying devices using pneumatic means
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for reducing boiler NOx emission by tertiary air concentrated-diluted separation. An outlet of a tertiary air powder exhaust fan is connected with a coal powder concentrated-diluted separator; a separation blade for adjusting a separation quantity of concentrated-diluted coal powder is arranged on an inlet section of the coal powder concentrated-diluted separator, and a concentrated coal powder pipe and a diluted coal powder pipe are arranged on an outlet section; the concentrated coal powder pipe is connected with at least one layer of hearth main combustion area middle lower nozzles; and the diluted coal powder pipe is connected with at least one layer of hearth main combustion area upper nozzles. The invention further provides a method for reducing boiler NOx emission by tertiary air concentrated-diluted separation; tertiary air containing thin coal powder is separated as concentrated and diluted two parts of coal powder air currents; and the concentrated and diluted two parts of coal powder air currents are respectively sprayed into the middle lower part and the upper part of a hearth main combustion area. The concentrated coal powder current replaces one part of secondary air to form an oxygen debt environment in the main combustion area so as to enhance the reducibility of the main combustion area; the diluted coal powder current is quickly burnt to consume oxygen so as to enhance the reducibility of NOx in a boiler; and the secondary air quantity reduced in the main combustion area is replenished to high-level burnt air so as to guarantee the burn-off rate of the coal powder in the boiler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system and method reducing emission of NOx of boiler, particularly relate to the system and method that a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler.
Background technology
For meager coal and the anthracite of low volatile, coal-burning power plant of China adopts intermediate storage-type pulverized-coal fired boiler many, mainly because pulverized coal carried by hot air system can improve the flammability of coal dust.Coal dust is stored in powder storehouse by major part after pulverized-coal collector, and utilize the hot-air after air preheater heating to be transported in stove as First air to participate in burning, and pulverized-coal collector is separated the weary gas of discharging and carries part fine breeze and be input in stove as tertiary air and burn.Due to tertiary air high humidity, temperature is low, speed is high, and coal powder density is low and particle diameter is little, causes larger interference to stove combustion, the impact particularly in the burnout rate of coal dust, thus causes higher NOx emission.According to the requirement of up-to-date " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " (GB13223-2011) and " emission standard of air pollutants for boilers " (GB13271-2014), this kind of boiler generally needs to transform, and reduces emission of NOx of boiler.At present, the low NOx combusting technology of main flow comprises the technology such as Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal, pulverized coal convey, but the intermediate storage-type boiler limited efficiency to low volatile coal.Use the engineering experience of anthracite project according to certain, after adopting Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal to the combustion system with tertiary air, NOx emission is still at 800 ~ 1100mg/Nm
3, and stopping under the operating mode of grinding, namely enter the situation of burner hearth without tertiary air, reduce secondary air flow simultaneously, NOx can be down to 500mg/Nm
3left and right, the existence of visible tertiary air constrains the growing amount of NOx greatly.
At present for the low NOx combustion containing tertiary air boiler, mainly contain following 3 kinds of methods:
One, the fine breeze in the concentrated tertiary air of collection is as reburning fuel, document " in tertiary air the research of microfine coal method for concentration " (Ruan Tao, Zhejiang University's Master's thesis in 2006), to utilize in tertiary air fine breeze to collect combustion again to reduce in NOx emission method and system (Chinese patent application 200410052977.4) and mention, adopt dynamic separator more effectively can concentrate microfine coal, this can increase the resistance of pulverized coal channel greatly, and add the complexity of steam generator system, reduce reliability of operation.
Two, simple air-coal separating is carried out to tertiary air, a kind of reduction in the device (Chinese patent application 201120263247.4) of the nitrogen oxide that the burning of coal-burning boiler tertiary air generates proposes the tertiary air air channel before tertiary air spout installs light-dark separation device additional, tertiary air is divided into deep or light two strands and arrange (thick coal culm air-flow under) input burner hearth up and down, thick coal culm air-flow can be burnt in the oxygen debt environment in local, reduce the NOx that burning generates.Equally, intermediate storage-type coal pulverizing system pulverized coal boiler and tertiary air distribution structure (Chinese patent application 201120172697.2) thereof are also mentioned and are adopted the method for concentrated coal dust to obtain thick coal culm air-flow, and spout is arranged between the superiors' First air spout to light tertiary air spout by the method adopting wall-to arrange.But coal particle size little (10 ~ 20 μm) in tertiary air, easily with air motion, according to the simple and easy impacting type of routine, bent-tube boiler or venetian blind type light-dark separation device, air-coal separating DeGrain, cannot reach the effect of concentrated coal dust.
Three, tertiary air nozzle exit area is moved down, the low nitrogen combustion apparatus of middle warehouse formula pulverized coal carried by hot air boiler and using method (Chinese patent application 201310752275.6) propose tertiary air spout to move down near the superiors' First air, by elongating the distance strengthening tertiary air coal dust firing between two-layer tertiary air spout, and volatile matter is utilized to separate out reducing NOx fast.But for the coal that the volatile matters such as anthracite are lower, utilize the method to carry out reducing NOx result unsatisfactory, and the burn-off rate of upper strata tertiary air is lower.
Therefore, for a large amount of NOx of boiler tertiary air burning and exhausting, particularly for For Low Volatilization Coals, need a kind of brand-new method and system, reduce the discharge of NOx in stove combustion process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the technical problem that boiler tertiary air NOx emission is too high, unburned carbon in flue dust is high, burn-off rate is lower.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is to provide the system that a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler, comprise feeder, coal pulverizer, mill separator, pulverized-coal collector and tertiary air Powder discharging fan, described pulverized-coal collector connects Pulverized Coal Bin and tertiary air Powder discharging fan, and Pulverized Coal Bin connects burner hearth by air and powder mixer;
It is characterized in that:
The outlet of described tertiary air Powder discharging fan connects fine coal ring shaped separator, and fine coal ring shaped separator is provided with the device of the fractional dose for adjusting dense, thin powdered coal, and the outlet section of fine coal ring shaped separator is provided with thick coal culm pipe and thin powdered coal pipe; Thick coal culm pipe connects at least middle and lower part, one deck burner hearth main combustion zone spout, and thin powdered coal pipe connects at least top, one deck burner hearth main combustion zone spout.
Preferably, described thick coal culm pipe and thin powdered coal pipe are equipped with adjustable contraction.
Preferably, the thin powdered coal nozzle be connected with described thin powdered coal pipe is downward-sloping 5.Arrange.
Preferably, the inducer of described fine coal ring shaped separator is provided with the separate blade of the fractional dose for adjusting dense, thin powdered coal, and described separate blade is can the separate blade of hand rotation certain angle.
Preferably, the angle ranging from ± 10 °.
Preferably, dense, the light two strands of breeze airflows after described powder dense-and-weak separator is separated, air quantity ratio is 1: 1, and powder amount ratio is greater than 7: 3.
Preferably, the resistance of ducting that described powder dense-and-weak separator increases is less than 1500Pa.
Present invention also offers a kind of method that tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler, above-mentioned tertiary air air-coal separating is adopted to reduce the system of emission of NOx of boiler, by the fine coal ring shaped separator that tertiary air Powder discharging fan exports, tertiary air containing fine breeze is separated into dense, light two strands of breeze airflows, sprays into burner hearth middle and lower part, main combustion zone and top, main combustion zone respectively.
Preferably, according to air distribution form, arrange at least one deck high-order over-fire air nozzle.
Preferably, described thick coal culm stream is in middle and lower part, main combustion zone, and Substitute For Partial Secondary Air, burns early and consume oxygen, strengthen the reproducibility of main combustion zone; Thin powdered coal, on top, main combustion zone, strengthens top, main combustion zone to the reducing power of NOx, corresponding increase high-order over-fire air quantity, ensures that coal dust is at burning-out zone Thorough combustion, reduces unburned carbon in flue dust, reduces NOx emission.
The present invention is by carrying out air-coal separating to the fine breeze in tertiary air, by the thick coal culm tertiary air obtained after separation, substitute one to two-layer overfire air port, spray into the burning of middle and lower part, burner hearth main combustion zone, reduce the air quantity of main combustion zone, form oxygen debt environment, strengthen the reproducibility of main combustion zone atmosphere, reduce the discharge of NOx in combustion process; Thin powdered coal stream sprays into top, burner hearth main combustion zone as fine powder fuel, and burning consumes partial oxidation rapidly, strengthens main combustion zone upper area the reducing power of NOx; The secondary air flow that main combustion zone is reduced is added to high-order over-fire air simultaneously, increase the burn-off rate of coal dust.Consider the arrangement of one, two, three wind, arrange high-order over-fire air nozzle, control the distribution of the air quantity of zones of different and total air mass flow, thus optimize the excess air coefficient in each region, efficiency of combustion can be improved to greatest extent while effectively reducing NOx emission.The method raising main combustion zone and top to the reducing power of NOx, simultaneously ensure coal dust at burning-out zone Thorough combustion, reduce unburned carbon in flue dust, reduce NOx.
System provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, do not change the original pulverized coal preparation system of boiler, fine coal ring shaped separator is increased in the outlet of tertiary air mill exhauster, tertiary air is effectively separated into deep or light two strands of air-flows, thick coal culm stream Substitute For Partial Secondary Air, form oxygen debt environment in main combustion zone, strengthen the reproducibility of main combustion zone atmosphere, reduce the discharge of NOx; Thin powdered coal stream sprays into top, main combustion zone, and rapid ignition consumes oxygen, strengthens NOx reducing power in stove; The secondary air flow that main combustion zone is reduced adds to high-order over-fire air, ensure that the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove.For low volatile anthracite, NOx emission more than 40% can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system schematic that tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler;
Fig. 2 is conventional band tertiary air boiler-burner arrangement schematic diagram;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 3 provides for embodiment 1;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 4 provides for embodiment 2;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment 3;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 6 provides for embodiment 4;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 7 provides for embodiment 5;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 8 provides for embodiment 6;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Fig. 9 provides for embodiment 7;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Figure 10 provides for embodiment 8;
The burner arrangement structural representation that Figure 11 provides for embodiment 9.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Fig. 1 is the system schematic that tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler, the system that described tertiary air air-coal separating reduces emission of NOx of boiler comprises feeder D, feeder D is connected with coal pulverizer F by descending drying tube E, mill separator G connects coal pulverizer F, descending drying tube E and pulverized-coal collector H, pulverized-coal collector H connects Pulverized Coal Bin I and tertiary air Powder discharging fan M, Pulverized Coal Bin I connects air and powder mixer J via main machine supplying powder K, and air and powder mixer J connects burner hearth; Tertiary air Powder discharging fan M connects fine coal ring shaped separator N.
The inducer of fine coal ring shaped separator N is provided with separate blade, can hand rotation certain angle, can according to the fractional dose of Actual combustion situation adjustment bias pulverized coal; The outlet section of fine coal ring shaped separator N is provided with on thick coal culm pipe P and thin powdered coal pipe O, thick coal culm pipe P and thin powdered coal pipe O and is provided with adjustable contraction Q.Thick coal culm pipe connects burner hearth middle and lower part spout, and thin powdered coal pipe connects upper furnace spout.
Raw coal is heated by hot blast in descending drying tube E in advance through feeder D, enter coal pulverizer F grind after coal dust be separated through mill separator G, defective coal dust returns coal pulverizer and refaces, qualified coal dust enters pulverized-coal collector H and sieves, separated coal dust enters Pulverized Coal Bin I, is mixed into burner hearth via main machine supplying powder K in air and powder mixer J with hot blast.The weary gas (tertiary air) produced after pulverized-coal collector H is separated, then connect the fine coal ring shaped separator N of tertiary air Powder discharging fan M successively, the thick coal culm pipe P that separator dense-and-weak separator N exports is connected with burner hearth middle and lower part burner nozzle and upper furnace reburning fuel spout with thin powdered coal pipe O, respectively in boiler A combustion.Boiler A tail end is provided with air preheater B, and pressure fan C, primary air fan L, secondary air box R all connect air preheater B.
By burner hearth being divided into three relatively independent parts: main combustion zone, NOx reducing zone and fuel burning-out zone, consider the arrangement of one, two, three wind, control the distribution of the air quantity of zones of different and total air mass flow, thus optimize the excess air coefficient in each region, efficiency of combustion can be improved to greatest extent while effectively reducing NOx emission.Manually regulate separate blade angle to ensure separating effect, the resistance that separator increases solves by adjustable contraction.
Fig. 2 is the arrangement that intermediate storage-type pulverized-coal fired boiler is general, such as certain 350MW supercritical boiler set: main combustion zone adopts tangential firing system, arrange that several shutter horizontal bias strengthens catch fire First air spout 1, several overfire air port 2, several alopecia areata spout 3 successively, two tertiary air spouts, 4, fire air nozzle 5 is arranged on top, main combustion zone, top layout one group of three floor height position fire air nozzle 6.
For this 350MW supercritical boiler set, now enumerate following typically according to the improvement project of the arrangement of deep or light tertiary air.
Embodiment 1
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 3 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 3, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, spray in the middle part of main combustion zone by two-layer tertiary air dense powder spout 7, and it is arranged apart, replace two-layer overfire air port 2 respectively, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, main combustion zone topmost is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace one deck tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5 respectively, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, and change one deck tertiary air spout 4 into overfire air port 2, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of three floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 2
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 4 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 4, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air dense powder spout 7, one deck tertiary air dense powder spout 7 sprays into main combustion zone foot, another layer of tertiary air dense powder spout 7 sprays in the middle part of main combustion zone, replaces two-layer overfire air port 2, decreases the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, main combustion zone topmost is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace one deck tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5 respectively, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, and change one deck tertiary air spout 4 into overfire air port 2, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of three floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 3
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 5 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 5, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, spray in the middle part of main combustion zone by two-layer tertiary air dense powder spout 7, and adjacent layout, replace two-layer overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace one deck tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5 respectively, and interval is arranged, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, and change one deck tertiary air spout 4 into overfire air port 2, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by two group of two floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 4
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 6 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 6, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, bottom, main combustion zone is sprayed into by one deck tertiary air dense powder spout 7, replace one deck overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace one deck tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5 respectively, and interval is arranged, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, and change one deck tertiary air spout 4 into overfire air port 2, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of two floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 5
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 7 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 7, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by two-layer tertiary air dense powder spout 7, one deck tertiary air dense powder spout 7 sprays into main combustion zone foot, another layer of tertiary air dense powder spout 7 sprays in the middle part of main combustion zone, replaces two-layer overfire air port 2, decreases the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by one deck tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace one deck tertiary air spout 4, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, and change one deck tertiary air spout 4 into overfire air port 2, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group two layers and one group of one deck high-order over-fire wind snout 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 6
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 8 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 8, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by one deck tertiary air dense powder spout 7, replace one deck overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective, the light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace two layers of tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5 respectively, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of two floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 7
The burner arrangement structure that Fig. 9 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Fig. 9, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air dense powder spout 7, one deck tertiary air dense powder spout 7 sprays into main combustion zone foot, and another two layers of tertiary air dense powder spout 7 spray in the middle part of main combustion zone, and adjacent layout, replace three layers of overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace two layers of tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group two layers and one group of three floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 8
The burner arrangement structure that Figure 10 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Figure 10, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by two layers of tertiary air dense powder spout 7, and interval is arranged, replace two layers of overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace two layers of tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of three floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Embodiment 9
The burner arrangement structure that Figure 11 provides for the present embodiment.Composition graphs 2, Figure 11, the dense powder (accounting for former tertiary air 70% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, middle and lower part, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air dense powder spout 7, interval is arranged between two, replace three layers of overfire air port 2, decrease the oxygen amount of main combustion zone, make main combustion zone be in oxygen debt reducing atmosphere, be beneficial to burning and produce NOx reduction.Thick coal culm average grain diameter 18 μm, as a kind of fine breeze, catch fire rapidly, gasification is fast, has quick-reaction capability, can form a large amount of reproducibility particle in the short period of time and keep finite concentration, reducing NOx Be very effective.The light powder (accounting for former tertiary air 30% powder amount) that tertiary air is separated, top, main combustion zone is sprayed into by three layers of tertiary air light powder spout 8, replace two layers of tertiary air spout 4 and fire air nozzle 5, spout adopts to have a down dip 5 ° and arranges, be close to top, main combustion zone, the condition that burner and upstream high-temperature flue gas carry out convection current radiation heat transfer can be improved on the one hand, strengthen catching fire of fine breeze in light tertiary air, coal dust can be extended at residing time in furnace in order to after-flame on the other hand, thin powdered coal average grain diameter 12 μm, can be caught fire rapidly after-flame, top, main combustion zone oxygen amount can be reduced like this, also coal dust burn-off rate can not be caused too low, thus increase the reduction distance of main combustion zone coal dust, the secondary air flow of main combustion zone minimizing, adds to high-order over-fire air, sprays into burning-out zone by one group of four floor height position fire air nozzle 6 simultaneously, thus ensures the burn-off rate of coal dust in stove, improves Combustion Efficiency of Coal Powder.
Claims (10)
1. the system of a tertiary air air-coal separating reduction emission of NOx of boiler, comprise feeder (D), coal pulverizer (F), mill separator (G), pulverized-coal collector (H) and tertiary air Powder discharging fan (M), described pulverized-coal collector (H) connects Pulverized Coal Bin (I) and tertiary air Powder discharging fan (M), and Pulverized Coal Bin (I) connects burner hearth by air and powder mixer (J);
It is characterized in that:
Described tertiary air Powder discharging fan (M) outlet connects fine coal ring shaped separator (N), fine coal ring shaped separator (N) is provided with the device of the fractional dose for adjusting dense, thin powdered coal, and the outlet section of fine coal ring shaped separator (N) is provided with thick coal culm pipe (P) and thin powdered coal pipe (O); Thick coal culm pipe (P) connects at least middle and lower part, one deck burner hearth main combustion zone spout, and thin powdered coal pipe (O) connects at least top, one deck burner hearth main combustion zone spout.
2. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 1 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: described thick coal culm pipe (P) and thin powdered coal pipe (O) are equipped with adjustable contraction (Q).
3. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 1 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: the thin powdered coal nozzle be connected with described thin powdered coal pipe (O) is downward-sloping 5 ° and arranges.
4. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 1 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: the inducer of described fine coal ring shaped separator (N) is provided with the separate blade of the fractional dose for adjusting dense, thin powdered coal, described separate blade is can the separate blade of hand rotation certain angle.
5. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 4 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: the angle ranging from ± 10 °.
6. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 1 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: dense, the light two strands of breeze airflows after described powder dense-and-weak separator (N) is separated, air quantity ratio is 1: 1, and powder amount ratio is 7: 3.
7. a kind of tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 1 reduces the system of emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: the resistance of ducting that described powder dense-and-weak separator (N) increases is less than 1500Pa.
8. the method for a tertiary air air-coal separating reduction emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that, the tertiary air air-coal separating as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 7 is adopted to reduce the system of emission of NOx of boiler, the fine coal ring shaped separator (N) exported by tertiary air Powder discharging fan (M), tertiary air containing fine breeze is separated into dense, light two strands of breeze airflows, sprays into burner hearth middle and lower part, main combustion zone and top, main combustion zone respectively.
9. tertiary air air-coal separating as claimed in claim 8 reduces the method for emission of NOx of boiler, it is characterized in that: according to air distribution form, arranges at least one deck high-order over-fire air nozzle.
10. tertiary air air-coal separating reduces the method for emission of NOx of boiler as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: thick coal culm stream is in middle and lower part, main combustion zone, and Substitute For Partial Secondary Air, burns early and consume oxygen, strengthen the reproducibility of main combustion zone; Thin powdered coal, on top, main combustion zone, strengthens top, main combustion zone to the reducing power of NOx, corresponding increase high-order over-fire air quantity, ensures that coal dust is at burning-out zone Thorough combustion, reduces unburned carbon in flue dust, reduces NOx emission.
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