CN103697465A - Boiler capable of achieving reignition of exhaust gas coal powder and reducing NOx by using high-temperature flue gas - Google Patents
Boiler capable of achieving reignition of exhaust gas coal powder and reducing NOx by using high-temperature flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103697465A CN103697465A CN201210364595.XA CN201210364595A CN103697465A CN 103697465 A CN103697465 A CN 103697465A CN 201210364595 A CN201210364595 A CN 201210364595A CN 103697465 A CN103697465 A CN 103697465A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a boiler capable of achieving reignition of exhaust gas coal powder and reducing NOx by using high-temperature flue gas. The boiler comprises a boiler body which is provided with exhaust gas nozzles and over fire air nozzles. Cyclone separators and secondary cyclone separators, which are communicated through pipelines, are arranged on the boiler body. The secondary cyclone separators are respectively connected to the exhaust gas nozzles and the over fire air nozzles on the boiler through pipelines. A flue gas extraction part is arranged on the flue of the boiler, and connected to the secondary cyclone separators and the exhaust gas nozzles through a high-temperature flue gas pipeline. A fan is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas pipeline. The boiler extracts high-temperature flue gas from the boiler flue, heats the exhaust gas by using the high-temperature flue gas, and simultaneously injects the exhaust gas to the flame center of a hearth to allow the exhaust gas to join in combustion, so that the coal gas in the exhaust gas can be ignited and thoroughly combusted. The boiler is also capable of reducing the emission of the NOx while reducing the carbon content in flying ash.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler, particularly relate to a kind of high-temperature flue gas that utilizes and realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduce NO
xboiler.
Background technology
Boiler is the equipment that uses unburnable coal (as anthracite, meager coal etc.), and its type of furnace comprises tangentially-fired boiler, face-fired boiler, W type flame boiler etc.In boiler furnace, be generally furnished with wall with refractory lining, refracto, make burner hearth maintain higher temperature, play the effect of catch fire strengthening and smooth combustion.When pulverized coal preparation system type selecting, conventionally can consider intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system or consider deep or light segregated combustion during in burner design, to improve main burner coal powder density.These two kinds of modes all can produce weary gas thin powdered coal and spray into burner hearth with independent burner nozzle.
For example: intermediate storage-type tangentially-fired boiler, weary gas tertiary air burner nozzle is arranged in the primary zone the superiors, and more than the general 45m/s of vent wind speed, tertiary air temperature has been promoted to 100 ℃ of left and right, but weary gas tertiary air at a high speed not only disturbs combustion flame in burner hearth, and the fine powder containing in weary gas sprays into burner hearth in higher position, speed is too high, the burner hearth time of staying is short, causes weary bottle coal powder to be difficult for after-flame, and unburned carbon in flue dust increases.Equally, also there is similar problem in face-fired boiler.
But for W flame boiler, have difference, because W flame boiler pattern has multiplely, weary gas blowout mouth arrangement also has multiple.On market, introduce the W flame boiler of U.S.'s Foster Wheeler technology, after its weary gas is drawn by burner Whirlwind cyclone separator, the arch from main burner to fiery side, round nozzle sprays into burner hearth; Introduce the W flame boiler of Britain's bar cloth cock technology, weary gas by burner Whirlwind cyclone separator, drawn after arch from from main burner to fiery side slit injector spray into burner hearth; Introduce the W flame boiler of U.S. Ba Wei technology, after weary gas is gone out by the centrifugation of main burner elbow, from encircleing, the circular spout of vertical furnace wall sprays into burner hearth with certain tilt angled down.
The processing mode of the weary gas of W flame boiler should be, with higher wind, weary bottle coal powder is sent into furnace flame center, and guarantees its time of staying in burner hearth, makes the ultra-fine difficult weary bottle coal powder firing after-flame as early as possible.But from many boiler practical operation situation, weary gas thin powdered coal sprays into burner hearth at diverse location all can produce certain influence to boiler, disturb burning in stove, make poor combustion stability, cause unburned carbon in flue dust higher, stove effect reduction etc., finally cause certain losses in economic advantages to user.Especially for W flame boiler, in day-to-day operation and debugging, many weary gas blowout mouths of boiler turned down or buttoned-up status under move.But so the burner of operation departs from the design concept of its original deep or light separation far away, the problem further causing is that boiler oil-break load improves, and combustion stability is poor, and unit all will drop into oil gun companion burning lower than oil-break load and high load capacity, year, oil consumption was high, and unit economy is poor.
Along with environmental requirement heals to become strictly, the W type flame boiler of existing operation has been installed in addition with separate type after-flame wind snout in upper furnace bottom, in order to reduce NO
xdischarge capacity, has tentatively obtained good effect.But in many retrofitted units, increase separate type after-flame wind and but to the operation of boiler, brought a lot of adverse influences, as unstable combustion, during underload, very easily put out a fire, unburned carbon in flue dust increases severely, and efficiency of combustion declines, NO
xdischarge capacity height etc.
The main cause that produces the problems referred to above is, low volatile anthracite, meager coal catch fire and smooth combustion needs burner hearth to have higher temperature, but maintain the increase that higher temperature can cause formation of nitrogen oxides, this is one and is difficult to the contradiction being in harmonious proportion.
Patented technology for the weary gas disposal of boiler powder process is existing multiple, as the weary Flash Gas Compression Skid System in power station boiler pulverizing system (number of patent application 96242050.6), the separator of storage type pulverized coal fired boiler pulverized coal preparation system powder sending air laeking (number of patent application 200410009997.3), low-temperature furnace smoke sucking is dried weary gas and hot air composite powder feeding bituminous coal meager coal general type pulverized coal preparation system (number of patent application 201010013734.5), intermediate storage-type coal pulverizing system pulverized coal boiler and tertiary air distribution structure thereof (number of patent application 201120172697.2) etc.; But wherein the patented technology of practical application is also few, be pointed out that intermediate storage-type coal pulverizing system pulverized coal boiler and tertiary air distribution structure thereof (number of patent application 201120172697.2) apply on a pulverized coal power boiler at home, for tertiary air coal dust after-flame tool, have certain effect, but the effect that other patented technology is used is general, especially with the low NO of employing
xthe boiler performance that combustion technology transformation coordinates affects to some extent, such as: catch fire unstable, lower hearth burn deterioration, ash content phosphorus content is high, and convection heating surface overtemperature is serious, and the boiler combustion thermal efficiency declines etc.
The defect of above-mentioned prior art comprises:
(1) the patent of existing announcement reclaims the mode of coal dust from pulverizing system transformation or weary gas, less from the factor of boiler integral combustion combination;
(2) the patent boiler of existing announcement only depends on increases the means of after-flame wind reduction NO
xdischarge capacity, does not realize the prerequisite of coal dust after-flame, assurance boiler combustion efficiency;
(3) the subject matter that the patent of existing announcement exposes in application: the one, boiler combustion performance impact, the combustion stability that is mainly reflected in boiler is poor, and negative pressure fluctuation is large, easily fire extinguishing; The 2nd, NO
xdischarge capacity is higher.The embodiment of the problems referred to above aspect economy and the feature of environmental protection two is particularly evident.
In fine coal powder recombustion denitrificating method (number of patent application 200410073020.8), be also to adopt high-temperature flue gas as the pumped (conveying) medium of reburning fuel, reburning fuel is taken from the coal dust of pulverized coal preparation system output, the weary gas pulverized coal preparation system not being produced is processed (arrangement that has still kept former weary gas blowout mouth), therefore, the drawback that in boiler operatiopn, weary gas exists cannot be eliminated, weary gas has great interference to hypoxemia amount burning in stove, is reducing NO
xall there is some problems in horizontal aspect and reduction boiler flyash carbon content aspect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind ofly can be applicable to quadrangle tangential circle pulverized-coal fired boiler, face-fired boiler, and adopt utilizing high-temperature flue gas to realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reducing the boiler of NOx of all kinds burners such as cyclone barrel type burner, direct current cross-tube burner, two tune wind vortex burners.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides and a kind ofly utilize high-temperature flue gas to realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduce the boiler of NOx, comprise the boiler body with weary gas blowout mouth and after-flame wind snout, on described boiler body, be provided with by the interconnective cyclone separator of pipeline and secondary cyclone, described secondary cyclone is connected with after-flame wind snout with the weary gas blowout mouth on boiler body by pipeline respectively, extraction place of stove cigarette is set on the flue of boiler, extraction place of described stove cigarette is connected with weary gas blowout mouth with described secondary cyclone via high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline, described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline is provided with blower fan.
Preferably, the stove cigarette temperature range of described stove cigarette extraction place is 100 ℃～700 ℃.
Preferably, on described boiler, comprise boiler economizer, air preheater and electrostatic precipitator, extraction place of described stove cigarette is arranged on after the flue before air preheater after boiler horizontal gas pass or vertical gas pass or boiler economizer or air preheater on the flue before electrostatic precipitator.
Preferably, the below of described secondary cyclone is provided with blender, and described blender is connected with described secondary cyclone, high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline and weary gas blowout mouth respectively.
Preferably, between described blender and described secondary cyclone and described blender and described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline, be equipped with fire resisting damper.
Preferably, the high-temperature flue gas in described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline mixes in described blender with the weary gas in described secondary cyclone, and mixed gas carries more than 70% fine powder and by described weary gas blowout mouth, sprays into boiler furnace with the speed of 10～50m/s.
Preferably, contain the pure air that is less than 30% fine powder and via the after-flame wind snout of described secondary cyclone upper end, spray into boiler furnace with speed more than 25m/s.
Preferably, the total amount of total exhaust gas volumn of described high-temperature flue gas and a wind of boiler is suitable, and described high-temperature flue gas while spraying into boiler furnace the speed of spout be 10～50m/s.
Preferably, on high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline, be also provided with the cold air duct that regulates flue-gas temperature.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
1, the present invention, from boiler flue extracting high-temperature stove cigarette, preheats weary gas with this high-temperature flue gas, weary gas injection is entered to furnace flame center simultaneously and participates in burning.The heat that catches fire that weary gas preheats rear absorption reduces relatively, reduced the interference effect of hot flue gas (cooling) around, weary gas speed under the injection of high-temperature flue gas improves, the flue gas at furnace flame center is had to very large disturbance, strengthen the mixing between high-temperature flue gas and weary gas, be conducive to catching fire and after-flame of coal dust in weary gas.
2, from weary gas, isolated fine powder is delivered to lower hearth burning with circulating flue gas; The isolated air containing a small amount of powder is delivered to upper furnace bottom as after-flame wind, with microfine coal in weary gas, when taking into account reduction unburned carbon in flue dust, reduces NO
xdischarge.
3, the present invention is without complicated technology, and cost is low, improves boiler combustion efficiency, reduces unburned carbon in flue dust, has taken into account reduction nitrogen oxide simultaneously, has certain economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of secondary cyclone 3 in Fig. 1;
Wherein: No. 1 tube cell imports, 2 cyclone separators, 3 secondary cyclones, 4 weary gas blowout mouths, 5 high-temperature furnace smoke pipelines, 6 after-flame wind snouts, 7 main burner spouts, 8 secondary air bellows, 9 classification wind snouts, 10 high-temperature flue gas are got gas place, 11 blower fans, 12 electric cleaners, 13 chimneys, 15 fire resisting dampers, 16 blenders.
The specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of high-temperature flue gas that utilizes of the present invention shown in it is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xthe preferred embodiment of boiler, boiler of the present invention comprises the boiler body with weary gas blowout mouth 4 and after-flame wind snout 6, certainly, boiler of the present invention also can comprise other conventional components of various general boilers, such as: a tube cell import 1, after-flame wind snout 6, main burner spout 7 and secondary air bellow 8, classification wind snout 9 etc.
Further, on described boiler body, be provided with by the interconnective cyclone separator 2 of pipeline and secondary cyclone 3, described secondary cyclone 3 is connected with after-flame wind snout 6 with the weary gas blowout mouth 4 on boiler body by pipeline respectively, extraction place of stove cigarette is set on the flue of boiler, preferably, on described boiler, also comprise boiler economizer, air preheater and electrostatic precipitator, described stove cigarette extraction place can be arranged on boiler horizontal gas pass, or vertical gas pass, or the flue before air preheater after boiler economizer, or after air preheater on the flue before electrostatic precipitator, certainly extraction place of stove cigarette also can be arranged on the flue at above-mentioned several places, extraction place of described stove cigarette is connected with weary gas blowout mouth 4 with described secondary cyclone 3 via high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5, and described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 is provided with blower fan 11, and 11 pairs of high-temperature flue gas of this blower fan have pressurization.Thus, can pass through the driving of blower fan 11, high-temperature flue gas is mixed with weary gas, spray into boiler furnace, as shown in Figure 1.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the below of described secondary cyclone 3 is provided with blender 16, and described blender 16 is connected with described secondary cyclone 3, high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 and weary gas blowout mouth 4 respectively.Preferably, between described blender 16 and described secondary cyclone 3 and described blender 16 and described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5, be equipped with fire resisting damper 15.
Further, in the present invention, high-temperature flue gas in described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 mixes in 16 li, described blender with the weary gas in described secondary cyclone 3, mixed gas carries more than 70% fine powder and by described weary gas blowout mouth 4, sprays into boiler furnace with the speed of 10～50m/s, thus, the stove cigarette gaseous mixture that contains more coal dust is injected furnace flame center with high momentum under higher temperature, is conducive to the burning of weary bottle coal powder; And on the other hand, contain the pure air that is less than 30% fine powder and via the after-flame wind snout 6 of described secondary cyclone 3 upper ends, spray into boiler furnace with speed more than 25m/s, thus, the supplementary oxygen of pure air can burn away for unburnt carbon, the NO that the part of can reducing generates simultaneously
xthereby, reduced NO
xdischarge capacity.
More preferably, the total amount of total exhaust gas volumn of described high-temperature flue gas and a wind of boiler is suitable, and described high-temperature flue gas while spraying into boiler furnace the speed of spout be 10～50m/s.And on high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5, be also provided with the cold air duct that regulates flue-gas temperature.The total amount of total exhaust gas volumn of above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas and a wind of boiler is suitable, refers to that total exhaust gas volumn of high-temperature flue gas and the margin of error of the concrete numerical value of wind total amount of boiler are in the allowed band of art technology.
Particularly, operation principle of the present invention is:
The present invention is from boiler flue extracting high-temperature stove cigarette, and preheats weary gas with high-temperature flue gas, weary gas injection entered to furnace flame center simultaneously and participates in burning; The stove cigarette temperature range extracting is between 100 ℃～700 ℃, extraction place of stove cigarette can be the flue before electrostatic precipitator 12 after the flue before air preheater or air preheater after boiler horizontal gas pass or vertical gas pass or economizer, and the selection of stove cigarette extraction place is mainly determined by the ignition temperature of boiler fired coal coal.During work, 16 li of mixing of blender of outlet below the secondary cyclone 3 that high-temperature flue gas and weary gas arrange in stokehold, mixed gas carries more than 70% fine powder, with certain speed (for example: 10～50m/s) by former weary gas blowout mouth 4, spray into burner hearth.Simultaneously, secondary cyclone 3 upper end outlets are relatively clean air (containing the fine powder of less than 30%), with certain speed (more than 25m/s), by the central tube place of after-flame wind snout 6, spray into burner hearth, after-flame wind wind speed is higher, and the air containing powder is had to certain rolling action.Preferably, the inwall of blender 16, high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 and spout all adopt heat resistant and wear resistant to damage material.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the course of work of the present invention is:
It is example that the present embodiment be take W type flame boiler, high-temperature flue gas is got gas place 10 at boiler back end ductwork (be illustrated in figure 1 air preheater entrance, because of stove cigarette temperature different) flue gas and after air-heater 11 provides a determined power, is delivered to (as shown in Figure 1) near the burner behind stokehold.Weary gas enters secondary cyclone 3 after being drawn by former burner, and in secondary cyclone 3, high-temperature flue gas and weary gas mix (for example, the high-temperature flue gas in high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline 5 mixes in 16 li, blender with the weary gas in described secondary cyclone 3).
Then, a road gaseous mixture (relatively thick powder) sprays into burner hearth through former weary gas blowout mouth 4 under the drainage of high-speed oven cigarette jet, and another road gaseous mixture (relatively thin powder) sprays into burner hearth through after-flame wind snout 6.Thereby at inner first order burning-out zone and the second level burning-out zone of forming of burner hearth.In first order after-flame region, the stove cigarette gaseous mixture that contains more coal dust is injected furnace flame center with high momentum under higher temperature, is conducive to the burning of weary bottle coal powder; Contain few coal dust by another road gaseous mixture carry through after-flame wind snout 6(herein former after-flame wind take from secondary air bellow 8) spray into burner hearth, supplementary oxygen burns away for unburnt carbon, the NO that reduction part simultaneously generates
x, reduce NO
xdischarge capacity.
Preferably, total exhaust gas volumn of high-temperature flue gas is suitable with a wind total amount, and when high-temperature flue gas sprays into burner hearth, muzzle velocity is 10～50m/s, and stove cigarette temperature is lower than 50～150 ℃ of coal-fired ignition temperatures.On high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline, be furnished with cold air duct, it act as adjusting flue-gas temperature.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is utilized high-temperature flue gas realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduce NO
xboiler, comprise the boiler body with weary gas blowout mouth (4) and after-flame wind snout (6), on described boiler body, be provided with by the interconnective cyclone separator of pipeline (2) and secondary cyclone (3), described secondary cyclone (3) is connected with after-flame wind snout (6) with the weary gas blowout mouth (4) on boiler body by pipeline respectively, it is characterized in that: extraction place of stove cigarette is set on the flue of boiler, extraction place of described stove cigarette is connected with weary gas blowout mouth (4) with described secondary cyclone (3) via high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5), described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5) is provided with blower fan (11).
2. the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes according to claim 1 is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: the stove cigarette temperature range of described stove cigarette extraction place is 100 ℃～700 ℃.
3. the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes according to claim 2 is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: on described boiler, comprise boiler economizer, air preheater and electrostatic precipitator, extraction place of described stove cigarette is arranged on after the flue before air preheater after boiler horizontal gas pass or vertical gas pass or boiler economizer or air preheater on the flue before electrostatic precipitator.
4. the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes according to claim 1 is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: the below of described secondary cyclone (3) is provided with blender (16), described blender (16) is connected with described secondary cyclone (3), high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5) and weary gas blowout mouth (4) respectively.
5. the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes according to claim 4 is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: between described blender (16) and described secondary cyclone (3) and described blender (16) and described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5), be equipped with fire resisting damper (15).
6. according to the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes described in claim 4 or 5, realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduce NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: the weary gas interior with described secondary cyclone (3) of the high-temperature flue gas in described high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5) is in inner mixing of described blender (16), mixed gas carries more than 70% fine powder and by described weary gas blowout mouth (4), sprays into boiler furnace with the speed of 10～50m/s.
7. the high-temperature flue gas that utilizes according to claim 6 is realized weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduces NO
xboiler, it is characterized in that: contain the pure air that is less than 30% fine powder and via the after-flame wind snout (6) of described secondary cyclone (3) upper end, spray into boiler furnace with speed more than 25m/s.
8. according to claim 1ly utilize high-temperature flue gas to realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reduce the boiler of NOx, it is characterized in that: the total amount of total exhaust gas volumn of described high-temperature flue gas and a wind of boiler is suitable, and described high-temperature flue gas while spraying into boiler furnace the speed of spout be 10～50m/s.
9. according to utilizing high-temperature flue gas to realize weary bottle coal powder recombustion and reducing the boiler of NOx described in claim 1 or 8, it is characterized in that: on high-temperature furnace smoke pipeline (5), be also provided with the cold air duct that regulates flue-gas temperature.
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| CN104791772A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡宇澄环境工程设备有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function |
| CN105135420A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-09 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Fly ash secondary combustion system and method for improving fly ash germanium grade |
| CN108180469A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-06-19 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus for adjusting steam temperature using burner or milling waste steam processed |
| CN110486716A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of system and method reducing the NOx that W flame boiler combustion generates |
| CN111780095A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Combustion system, control method thereof and preheating equipment |
| CN113606955A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Deep purification and waste heat recycling method for flue gas of sintering machine |
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| CN104791772A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡宇澄环境工程设备有限公司 | Low-nitrogen combustion stokerfeed boiler with two-stage smoke recirculation function |
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| CN110486716A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of system and method reducing the NOx that W flame boiler combustion generates |
| CN111780095A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Combustion system, control method thereof and preheating equipment |
| CN113606955A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 太原锅炉集团有限公司 | Deep purification and waste heat recycling method for flue gas of sintering machine |
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