CN105492198A - 用于连接电气部件和机械部件的复合和多层银膜 - Google Patents

用于连接电气部件和机械部件的复合和多层银膜 Download PDF

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CN105492198A
CN105492198A CN201480047357.3A CN201480047357A CN105492198A CN 105492198 A CN105492198 A CN 105492198A CN 201480047357 A CN201480047357 A CN 201480047357A CN 105492198 A CN105492198 A CN 105492198A
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silverskin
enhancing
particle
layer
modification
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O·卡萨列夫
莫斌
M·鲍瑞赫达
M·T·玛克兹
B·思恩赫
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A Erfa Metal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211402403.XA priority Critical patent/CN115610041A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/018Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/006Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of flat products, e.g. sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C49/00Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L24/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/31Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L24/32Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08Reinforcements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/30Fillers, e.g. particles, powders, beads, flakes, spheres, chips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/02Noble metals
    • B32B2311/08Silver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/2612Auxiliary members for layer connectors, e.g. spacers
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L2224/26Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/28Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
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    • H01L2224/29001Core members of the layer connector
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    • H01L2224/29Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
    • H01L2224/29001Core members of the layer connector
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    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/83Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
    • H01L2224/838Bonding techniques
    • H01L2224/8384Sintering
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
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    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
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Abstract

用于模具连接的材料,例如银烧结膜,其可以包括用于强化性能的增强、改性颗粒。用于模具连接的方法,其可以包括这些材料的使用。

Description

用于连接电气部件和机械部件的复合和多层银膜
技术领域
本申请针对的是连接电气或机械部件的方法,更为详细的,针对的是将电子元件和相关设备连接到电路板上的方法。
背景技术
烧结作为一种传统焊接的替代技术应运而生。烧结通常涉及高温和高压处理,从而连接印刷电路板组件的各种部件。
发明内容
根据本申请的一个或多个方面,银膜可以包括银和增强(改性)颗粒的混合物。银膜的一些方面可以进一步包括提供包括可烧结的银颗粒层的混合物,以及增强颗粒。所述的银膜进一步可以包括支撑膜,其配置用于支撑所述的可烧结的银颗粒层和增强颗粒。所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是金属或非金属。所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是多种形状和尺寸的,包括球型、颗粒状、片状、纤维、花状以及纳米线。所述的增强(改性)颗粒的尺寸范围可以从2nm到10μm。用于改进烧结的银接头的性能的所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是铜、铝、玻璃、碳、石墨或其他。所述的增强(改性)颗粒的浓度范围可以是重量的0.1wt%到重量的50wt%。所述的银膜可以由至少两层组成的多层结构,但可以是三层,包括增强箔层。所述的增强箔层可以是银、铜、金或任何其他金属或任何合金。所述的增强箔层可以是金属聚合物或陶瓷箔。所述的增强金属箔层可以是复合的或具有不同金属和合金层的镀层结构。所述的增强金属箔层可以是固体的、穿孔的或以网格形式存在的。
一个或更多其他方面可能涉及使用所述公开的膜的层压过程。进一步的方面还可能涉及使用所述公开的膜的模具连接方法。
还有其他方面、实施例和示范性的方面和实施方案的优点,这将在下文进行更为详细的讨论。在此公开的实施方案可以以符合上述公开的至少一种原则的任何方式与其他实施方案结合,并且,参考“一个实施方案(anembodiment)”、“一些实施方案(someembodiments)”、“一个可替换的实施方案(analternativeembodiment)”、“各实施方案(variousembodiments)”、“一个实施方案(oneembodiment)”或相似用语是非必要的互相包括,其旨在示意包括在至少一个实施方案中的一个具体的特征、结果或特性。此术语的出现并非指代相同的实施方案。
附图说明
下面公开的至少一个实施方案的各方面参考所附的附图,其并非按照比例绘制。所附的附图用于提供本发明各方面和实施方案的说明和进一步理解,其被并入并构成本说明书的一部分,但并不构成本发明所限定的定义。图中所述的技术特征、细节描述或任何权利要求都附有参考标记,所述的参考标记仅用于一个目的,即增加附图和说明书的可理解性。在附图中,相同或近乎相同的组件在不同的附图中使用了相同的标号来表示。为了清楚的目的,并不是每个组件在每个附图中都被标记。在附图中:
附图1是根据一个或多个实施方案的接头的示意图;
附图2是根据一个或多个实施方案的复合银膜的示意图;
附图3和4是根据一个或更多实施方案的复合银膜的示意图;
附图5A-5E是根据一个或多个实施方案的金属箔的实施例;
附图6是根据一个或多个实施方案的模具连接结构的示意图;以及
附图7-11B是在所附实施例中讨论的数据。
具体实施方式
在此公开的是烧结银膜组合物的实施方案,其改善了烧结银接头的强度和弹性。所述强度和弹性的改善是通过增强颗粒和/或固体金属层的添加成可烧结的基质实现的。
烧结银模具连接膜将纳米银粉末的独特的物理特性和创新的化学配方结合到产品中,允许了将各种电子设备连接到产品的非常可靠的高导热和导电性的接口。此种膜包括在共同拥有人Khaselev等、同样在审的美国专利申请公开号为US2012/0114927A1(SinteringMaterialsandAttachmentMethodsUsingSame)中,其全部内容通过引证在此并入本申请中。烧结的银模具连接膜具有唯一的位置,以适应现有的生产设备和工艺,从而能够高产制造。此技术覆盖了多种设备和应用,包括大面积的半导体闸流管和电气功率模块以及用于移动技术和发光照明的小型分立元件的汽车设备,以及LED照明。所述技术提高了现有功率设备的性能并增加了相比于传统连接技术的五到十倍的可靠性。所述的膜使用了相比于现有技术的具有无法比拟的效率的新的高温SiC和GaN设备。
银模具连接膜是连接材料,其将电子设备连接到无源基体或连接到另一设备。银膜被应用到所述模具、薄片(wafer)或基体的背面。然后,所述的模具、薄片或基体被置于预热基体,其具有足够的力使所述膜硬化并建立在所述材料和连接部分之间的紧密连接。在所应用的热量和压力之下,所述的膜烧结并将模具连接到基体上、薄片连接到薄片上、基体连接到基体上。在模具和基体之间所形成的接头是具有附图1所示的结构和性能的金属银。
对于某些应用,烧结的银接头的机械性能的改进是可取的。举例来说,高弹性可以提高设备的连接可靠性,其中被连接部分的CTE是非常不同的。此外,烧结银层的较高的强度将提高在高热或机械应力下所操作的设备的性能。
根据一个或多个实施方案,银膜可以是银和增强(改性)颗粒的混合物,如附图2所示。
所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是金属或非金属。所述的颗粒可以是多种形状的,例如球型(圆形)、颗粒状、片状、花状、纤维和/或纳米线。所述颗粒的尺寸可以是一个范围,例如,从大约2nm到大约10μm以上。用于改进烧结银接头的性能的颗粒的实施例包括铜、铝、玻璃、碳、石墨以及其他。这些颗粒的浓度也可以是一个范围,在各实施方案中,从大约0.1wt%到大约50wt%。
根据一个或多个其他实施方案,所述的银膜是包括至少两层的多层结构,但可以是三层或更多层:可烧结的银颗粒层/金属箔层或可烧结的银颗粒层/金属箔层/可烧结的银颗粒层,分别如附图3和4所示。可烧结的银层1和2可以具有相同的化合物和结构或不同的化合物和结构。
所述的增强金属箔层可以是银、铜、金或任何其他金属或任何合金,例如金属聚合物和/或陶瓷箔。所述的箔层可以是复合的或具有前述的不同金属和合金的不同层的镀层结构。所述金属箔层可以是固体的、穿孔的或以网格形式存在的。实施例如附图5A-5E所示。
所述的金属箔可以镀银或铜以更好的烧结。所述的箔厚度可以是一个范围,从小于大约1μm到大约300μm以上。对其厚度实际上没有真正的实践限定。任何厚度都可视为箔的适合厚度。所述的膜可以由薄的塑料层支撑或单独放置。
所述的复合烧结银膜可作为非复合烧结银膜以相同的方式用于电子制造和其他设备。使用这种膜的方法详细的在美国专利申请公开号US2012/0114927A1中描述,其全部内容在此通过引证并入本申请。这种方法适用于本申请中讨论的改性复合膜,并可以包括层压和模具连接过程。所产生的结构示范性的显示在附图6中。
所述的可烧结的银膜由银纳米颗粒基质(matrixofsilvernanoparticles)和以颗粒或膜的形式出现的改性材料组成。所述的改性材料可以是不同形状的金属和/或非金属粉末和/或固体金属层。所述的复合金属银膜被设计用于提高烧结的银接头的强度和弹性。所述的复合膜可用于电子制造和其他应用的各部分的连接。采用银烧结膜的所述方法在美国专利申请公开号US2012/0114927A1中描述,其全部内容在此通过引证并入本申请。
此处使用的回流焊一般可能是指在印刷电路板的表面上印刷或沉积焊锡膏,或在印刷电路板的表面放置一个焊料预制件,或者二者皆有,将其放置在或靠近所沉积的焊料中,并将组装件加热到足以回流所述焊料的温度。
在此描述的方法和组合物可用于多种应用中,包括但不限于,功率模块的制造、功率分立设备、双极性、功率设备、热电冷却器、能量收集设备、LED和MEMS组件、堆叠的微处理器和存储设备。
在此公开的材料和方法的功能和优点以及其他实施方案将通过以下的实施例得到更为充分的理解。下面的实施例仅是对所公开的材料和方法的益处的说明,不应视为全部保护范围。
实施例
实施例1
银膜是根据美国专利申请公开号US2012/0114927A1所描述的程序和方法制成的,其内容通过引证并入本文。所述的银膜组合物包括重量为98%的银纳米颗粒和重量为2%的有机粘合剂(膜A)。该膜的性能与包含石墨颗粒的膜相比较。复合膜的成分为重量为97%的银纳米颗粒,重量为1%、直径为2-3μm的球型石墨颗粒,以及重量为2%的有机粘合剂。硅模具为5x5mm,其被连接到3mm厚的铜基体上。所述的连接是在10MPa的压力,250℃,90秒的时间完成的。
所述的模具连接样品受到液体-液体热冲击试验,其温度从-40℃到125℃之间摆动,且在每个温度下保温3分钟。相关数据在附图7中显示。在600个周期之后,所述的模板连接的银膜破裂且部分从基板脱落,如光学图像所示。连接复合膜的部分,其复合膜并未破裂且出现与基板的强大连接。这些样品的额外的检查包括扫描声学显微镜,其显示所述的复合银接头并未由于热冲击出现降解。
实施例2
多层复合膜是通过将固体银箔放置到两层可烧结的纳米银颗粒之间制成的。所述的结构被压在一起并加热至130℃,维持1-2分钟。由于压力和加热的应用,所述的银颗粒层粘接到银箔上。由此产生的复合多层膜可以很容易地被手动处理或使用拾取-和-放置设备处理。所述的多层膜可以被剪切成所需模具尺寸从而形成与所连接的模具尺寸相同的独立式的箔。所述的多层膜也可以被层压到薄片(wafer)的背面,其可以进一步切割成独立模具,如美国专利申请公开号US2012/0114927A1所描述的那样,其内容通过引证并入本文。
所述的多层复合银膜用于将11x11mm的Si模具连接到铜成品DBC基板上。所述的连接是在10MPa的压力、250℃,90秒的时间完成的。模具连接的强度通过弯曲该样品穿过10mm芯轴来测试。如附图8所示,所述的模板破裂均匀而没有任何来自基板的脱层,显示了强大的连接。
所述样品被横向截断并使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查。低倍放大的图像如附图9所示,证明了在整个模具上的均匀连接和焊合线厚度。
高倍扫描电子显微镜图像如附图10所示,其显示了烧结接头的细节。顶部和底部烧结银层表现出了致密结构,具有与模具、基底和银箔的中间层的良好的连接。顶部烧结层的厚度为~10μm且底部烧结层厚度为~6μm。银箔的厚度为9μm。
所述的模具连接样品受到了液体-液体热冲击实验,其温度在-55℃到175℃之间摆动,且每个温度下保温3分钟。CSAM图像显示在附图11A-11B中,其显示了在500次热冲击循环之后,无接头损坏迹象,证明了强大的粘结性。
值得赞赏的是在此讨论的组合物和方法的实施方案并不限于在应用中的结构和排布的细节。所述的组合物和方法能够在其他的实施方案中实施并以各种方式实现或进行。本文提供的具体的实施方案的实施例仅是说明性的目的,并不应视为限制。特别是,本文所讨论的与一个或多个实施方案结合的行为、元件、特征等不能试图排除在其他任何相似的实施方案。
同时,人们应该理解在此使用的措辞和术语是为了描述的目的,不应视为限制。在此使用的术语“包括(including)”、“包括(comprising)”、“具有(having)”、“包含(containing)”、“涉及(involving)”以及上述术语的结合使用是指包括其后所列出的项目和等同物以及额外的项目。
人们应该理解的是,本发明具有至少一个实施方案的上述几个方面,各种变体、修改以及改进对于本领域技术人员来说将可能发生。这种变体、修改和改进应视为本发明的部分且落入本发明的保护范围中。因此,上述的说明书和附图仅是列举的方式展示。

Claims (15)

1.一种银膜,其包括银和增强(改性)颗粒的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的银膜,其中所述的混合物包括可烧结的银颗粒层,以及增强颗粒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的银膜,进一步包括支撑膜,其配置用于支撑所述的可烧结的银颗粒层和所述的增强颗粒。
4.根据权利要求1所述的银膜,其中所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是金属或非金属。
5.根据权利要求1所述的银膜,其中所述的增强(改性)颗粒可以是多种形状和尺寸的,包括球型、片状、纤维、花状以及纳米线。
6.根据权利要求5所述的银膜,其中所述的增强(改性)颗粒的尺寸可以在2nm到10μm的范围内。
7.根据权利要求5所述的银膜,其中用于改进烧结的银接头的性能的所述增强(改性)颗粒是铜、铝、玻璃、碳、石墨或其他。
8.根据权利要求5所述的银膜,其中所述增强(改性)颗粒的浓度在重量为0.1wt%到重量为50wt%范围内。
9.根据权利要求1所述的银膜,其中所述的银膜是由至少两层构成的多层结构,可以为三层,包括增强箔层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的银膜,其中所述的增强箔层可以是银、铜、金或任何其他金属或任何合金。
11.根据权利要求10所述的银膜,其中所述的增强层是金属聚合物或陶瓷箔。
12.根据权利要求9所述的银膜,其中所述的增强金属箔层可以是复合的或具有不同金属和合金层的镀层结构
13.根据权利要求12所述的银膜,其中所述增强金属箔层可以是固体的、穿孔的或以网格形式存在的。
14.一种用于使用权利要求1所述的银膜连接层压模板的方法。
15.一种使用权利要求1所述的银膜连接模具和基板的方法。
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US20160207286A1 (en) 2016-07-21
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KR20160048797A (ko) 2016-05-04
FI3038824T3 (fi) 2024-04-04
KR102342255B1 (ko) 2021-12-21
EP3038824A4 (en) 2017-05-10
WO2015031801A3 (en) 2015-11-19
JP6639394B2 (ja) 2020-02-05
CN115610041A (zh) 2023-01-17
WO2015031801A2 (en) 2015-03-05
US10710336B2 (en) 2020-07-14
JP2016536461A (ja) 2016-11-24
US11390054B2 (en) 2022-07-19
KR20210157914A (ko) 2021-12-29
EP3038824A2 (en) 2016-07-06
EP3038824B1 (en) 2024-03-13
US20200338859A1 (en) 2020-10-29

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