CN105483503A - 挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法 - Google Patents

挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105483503A
CN105483503A CN201510878384.1A CN201510878384A CN105483503A CN 105483503 A CN105483503 A CN 105483503A CN 201510878384 A CN201510878384 A CN 201510878384A CN 105483503 A CN105483503 A CN 105483503A
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王洪新
程颖
程振邦
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
    • C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
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    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
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    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces

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Abstract

本发明公开了挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，包括有以下工艺步骤：制备模具钢铁水，该铁水中各合金成分重量百分数为：C？2.28～2.65、Mn？0.15～0.25、Si？0.45～0.65、Cr？1.15-1.25、Ni？0.25～0.55、Pb？0.025～0.045、Sn？0.04～0.06、V？0.08～0.12、0.015≤P≤0.025、0.015≤S≤0.035,余量为铁；浇注过程中采用激冷工艺，铁水浇注温度与金属模具之间的温度差在1250-1300℃；本发明解决了高强度下挖掘机履带的延迟断裂和疲劳断裂，在使用中连接可靠，不易损伤，提高了挖掘机履带寿命，满足了挖掘机履带的使用需求。

Description

挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及模具钢制备领域，尤其是一种挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法。
背景技术
模具钢是用来制造冷冲模、热锻模、压铸模等模具的钢种。模具是机械制造、无线电仪表、电机、电器等工业部门中制造零件的主要加工工具。模具的质量直接影响着压力加工工艺的质量、产品的精度产量和生产成本，而模具的质量与使用寿命除了靠合理的结构设计和加工精度外，主要受模具材料和热处理的影响。因此对模具材料和热处理加以研究和改进，确保模具钢的质量稳定性，对技术和经济的发展具有重要作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免现有技术中的不足之处，而提供一种挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案如下：
挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，包括有以下工艺步骤：
a、制备模具钢铁水，该铁水中各合金成分重量百分数为：C2.28～2.65、Mn0.15～0.25、Si0.45～0.65、Cr1.15-1.25、Ni0.25～0.55、Pb0.025～0.045、Sn0.04～0.06、V0.08～0.12、0.015≤P≤0.025、0.015≤S≤0.035,余量为铁；浇注过程中采用激冷工艺，铁水浇注温度与金属模具之间的温度差在1250-1300℃；
c、铸件模具钢在560-600℃下加热2-2.5小时，然后再50-60分钟内升温至950-1000℃，保持加热时间30-40分钟，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的铸件模具钢在500-530℃下进行回火40-50分钟，再从回火炉中取出放入180-200℃的回火油中随油缓冷；
d、回火后的铸件模具钢放入温度为60-100℃的磷化处理溶液中浸渍30-40分钟，按重量份计该磷化处理溶液由以下各原料组成：10-12份磷酸钠、4-6份硝酸铜、3-5份植酸、2.5-3.5份氟硼酸钠、12-14份磷酸铁、0.3-0.6份亚硝酸钡、0.3-0.5份三乙醇胺、1.5-2引发剂、0.3-0.5份表面活性剂、45-50份水；
e、磷化处理后的铸件模具钢进行盐浴处理，与浴液充分接触，其中盐浴处理温度为175-220℃，保温时间为1.5-2.5h，熔盐各成分重量比为：亚硝酸钾20-22份、纯碱14-16份、氯化钠12-14份、碳酸镁3-5份、碳酸锂4.5-5.5份；
f、最后进行真空渗氮处理，具体工艺为将真空炉排气至真空度0.22-0.32Pa后，炉内温度升温至600～620℃，同时以1.5-1.7L/min送入氨气，送入氨气同时炉压控制在0.15-0.25Pa。
所述真空炉排气至真空度0.27Pa后，炉内温度升温至610℃，同时以1.6L/min送入氨气，送入氨气同时炉压控制在0.2Pa。
所述的铸件模具钢在580℃下加热2.2小时，然后再55分钟内升温至980℃，保持加热时间35分钟，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的铸件模具钢在515℃下进行回火45分钟，再从回火炉中取出放入190℃的回火油中随油缓冷。
本发明的挖掘机履带用模具钢采用冷挤压工艺进行浇注，提高了模具钢的强度，达到了挖掘机履带所需的硬度值、强度值，解决了高强度下挖掘机履带的延迟断裂和疲劳断裂的问题，在使用中连接可靠，不易损伤，提高了挖掘机履带寿命，满足了挖掘机履带的使用需求。
具体实施方式
结合以下实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，包括有以下工艺步骤：
a、制备模具钢铁水，该铁水中各合金成分重量百分数为：C2.39、Mn0.2、Si0.55、Cr1.2、Ni0.4、Pb0.035、Sn0.05、V0.1、0.018≤P≤0.022、0.02≤S≤0.03,余量为铁；浇注过程中采用激冷工艺，以加速成铸后的冷却速度，提高模具钢表面的抗磨性能，铁水浇注温度与金属模具之间的温度差在1280℃；
c、铸件模具钢在580℃下加热2.2小时，然后再55分钟内升温至980℃，保持加热时间35分钟，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的铸件模具钢在515℃下进行回火45分钟，再从回火炉中取出放入190℃的回火油中随油缓冷，降低淬火后产生的内应力以及脆性，但可以保持淬火后的高硬度和耐磨性；
d、回火后的铸件模具钢放入温度80℃的磷化处理溶液中浸渍30-40分钟，按重量份计该磷化处理溶液由以下各原料组成：11份磷酸钠、5份硝酸铜、4份植酸、3份氟硼酸钠、13份磷酸铁、0.45份亚硝酸钡、0.4份三乙醇胺、1.8引发剂、0.4份表面活性剂、48份水，经磷化处理后，基体金属表面可形成磷化膜，提高抗腐蚀性能，且在模具钢的后续冷加工中可起到减摩润滑作用，；
e、磷化处理后的铸件模具钢进行盐浴处理，其中盐浴处理温度为200℃，保温时间为2h，熔盐各成分重量比为：亚硝酸钾21份、纯碱15份、氯化钠13份、碳酸镁4份、碳酸锂5份，经过与浴液充分接触，模具钢快速加热，且受热均匀、变形小；
f、最后进行真空渗氮处理，具体工艺为将真空炉排气至真空度0.27Pa后，炉内温度升温至610℃，同时以1.6L/min送入氨气，送入氨气同时炉压控制在0.2Pa，进一步提高工件硬度，稳定工件尺寸。
根据本发明模具钢制备方法生产的挖掘机履带，经过检测试验其机械性能数值如下，履带心部硬度达51-53HRC、履带表面硬度达45-48HRC，抗拉强度达到1245Mpa，屈服强度达到1250Mpa，延伸率大于11.5%,断面收缩率大于20%,冲击韧性大于40J/cm2，综合机械性能比现有工艺高10-12%。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (3)

1.挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，其特征在于，包括有以下工艺步骤：
a、制备模具钢铁水，该铁水中各合金成分重量百分数为：C2.28～2.65、Mn0.15～0.25、Si0.45～0.65、Cr1.15-1.25、Ni0.25～0.55、Pb0.025～0.045、Sn0.04～0.06、V0.08～0.12、0.015≤P≤0.025、0.015≤S≤0.035,余量为铁；浇注过程中采用激冷工艺，铁水浇注温度与金属模具之间的温度差在1250-1300℃；
c、铸件模具钢在560-600℃下加热2-2.5小时，然后再50-60分钟内升温至950-1000℃，保持加热时间30-40分钟，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的铸件模具钢在500-530℃下进行回火40-50分钟，再从回火炉中取出放入180-200℃的回火油中随油缓冷；
d、回火后的铸件模具钢放入温度为60-100℃的磷化处理溶液中浸渍30-40分钟，按重量份计该磷化处理溶液由以下各原料组成：10-12份磷酸钠、4-6份硝酸铜、3-5份植酸、2.5-3.5份氟硼酸钠、12-14份磷酸铁、0.3-0.6份亚硝酸钡、0.3-0.5份三乙醇胺、1.5-2引发剂、0.3-0.5份表面活性剂、45-50份水；
e、磷化处理后的铸件模具钢进行盐浴处理，与浴液充分接触，其中盐浴处理温度为175-220℃，保温时间为1.5-2.5h，熔盐各成分重量比为：亚硝酸钾20-22份、纯碱14-16份、氯化钠12-14份、碳酸镁3-5份、碳酸锂4.5-5.5份；
f、最后进行真空渗氮处理，具体工艺为将真空炉排气至真空度0.22-0.32Pa后，炉内温度升温至600～620℃，同时以1.5-1.7L/min送入氨气，送入氨气同时炉压控制在0.15-0.25Pa。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，其特征在于：所述真空炉排气至真空度0.27Pa后，炉内温度升温至610℃，同时以1.6L/min送入氨气，送入氨气同时炉压控制在0.2Pa。
3.根据权利要求1所述的挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法，其特征在于：所述的铸件模具钢在580℃下加热2.2小时，然后再55分钟内升温至980℃，保持加热时间35分钟，用淬火油进行淬火，再将淬火后的铸件模具钢在515℃下进行回火45分钟，再从回火炉中取出放入190℃的回火油中随油缓冷。
CN201510878384.1A 2015-12-04 2015-12-04 挖掘机履带用模具钢制备方法 Pending CN105483503A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105855516A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-08-17 马鞍山市益丰实业集团有限公司 一种火力发电渗碳耐磨球制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002088450A (ja) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-27 Daido Steel Co Ltd 熱間工具鋼
CN102936692A (zh) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-20 安徽荣达阀门有限公司 冷冲模模具钢的加工方法
CN103882324A (zh) * 2014-03-25 2014-06-25 王金芳 一种防腐耐磨涂层及其涂覆方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002088450A (ja) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-27 Daido Steel Co Ltd 熱間工具鋼
CN102936692A (zh) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-20 安徽荣达阀门有限公司 冷冲模模具钢的加工方法
CN103882324A (zh) * 2014-03-25 2014-06-25 王金芳 一种防腐耐磨涂层及其涂覆方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105855516A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-08-17 马鞍山市益丰实业集团有限公司 一种火力发电渗碳耐磨球制备方法

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