CN105481343B - A kind of method of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat for preparing the high temperature of resistance to moderate and thus obtained material - Google Patents
A kind of method of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat for preparing the high temperature of resistance to moderate and thus obtained material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105481343B CN105481343B CN201510846172.5A CN201510846172A CN105481343B CN 105481343 B CN105481343 B CN 105481343B CN 201510846172 A CN201510846172 A CN 201510846172A CN 105481343 B CN105481343 B CN 105481343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat for preparing the high temperature of resistance to moderate and thus obtained material.The material is by multilayer mat, infrared barrier agent and aerogel material is compound forms, and according to warm area decline trend, the mat of different kinds of fibers is combined, and the multilayer mat is selected from by low-temperature space mat and group that more low-temperature space mat forms.Methods described includes preparing fibre stuff；It is stripped after wet base is made；Wet base is dried to obtain mat；Mat laying is molded；The mat of laying is dipped through, the sol precursor is formed aeroge, so as to obtain the material.The material also has preferable mouldability, it is easy to prepare the product of different shaped face and size, there is important application value in the efficiently anti-field such as heat-insulated of aerospace craft, kiln insulation, extreme environment, be particularly suitable for being less than in 1600 DEG C and environment more than or equal to 1000 DEG C in temperature and use.
Description
The application is the applying date for " on August 21st, 2013 ", Application No. " 201310364024.0 ", entitled
The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of " a kind of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat and preparation method thereof ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional composite material technical field, and specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of high-performance compound heat-insulation
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aeroge is a kind of light nanoporous material formed by colloidal particle polycondensation, has continuous network structure,
Because the pore-size of its formation is less than the mean free path (about 70nm) of air molecule, the heat transfer of air molecule and thermal convection current
Effect significantly declines, while nano particle is piled into the path of endless, also effectively reduces conduction of the solid to heat,
The excellent inhibitory action conducted based on aerogel material to solid-state and gaseous state, is to be currently known a kind of minimum solid material of thermal conductivity
Material.Aerogel material density is small, and network skeleton intensity is poor, it is impossible to is used separately as heat-barrier material, strengthens skill using matrix
Aerogel particle is combined to the mechanical property that aerogel material is greatly improved in micrometer fibers felt by art, simultaneously because aeroge
Material is filled into the space of inorganic fibrous mats, it is suppressed that the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of air molecule in fibrofelt, is effectively increased inorganic
Obstructing capacity of the fibrofelt to heat.
Heat transfer is carried out in a manner of three kinds, conduction heat transfer, convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and radiant heat transfer.In cold stage, heat exchange
Based on convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, and it will be occupied an leading position in hot stage (temperature >=400 DEG C), radiant heat transfer, its heat output is with temperature
4 powers increase, therefore as the rise of temperature, radiant heat transfer role are increasing.To improve aeroge composite wood
The high temperature insulating ability of material, infrared barrier agent need to be added and suppress hyperthermia radiation heat transfer, but too many infrared barrier agent can improve it is compound
Density of material, so as to increase solid heat transfer speed, reduce the heat-insulating capability of composite；And infrared barrier agent is difficult then to have very little
Good radiant heat transfer inhibitory action.
The inventors discovered that heat successively decreases along heat-barrier material thickness direction, distribution gradient.The present inventors have additionally discovered that
The mat that a kind of fiber is prepared into can only have best heat-proof quality in a certain specific warm area.For example, in 1000 DEG C of environment
A certain mat with good heat-proof quality, its heat-proof quality in 600 DEG C of environment may not be good.Then, it is of the invention
The mat of different kinds of fibers is combined according to warm area decline trend by people, and the optimization of mat heat-proof quality can be achieved, from
And improve the heat-insulating capability of material.
For the efficient anti-heat-insulating problem of hot environment, this application provides a kind of high-performance multilayer mat compound heat-insulation material
Material, the material is by inorganic fibrous mats, infrared barrier agent and aerogel material is compound forms, and wherein inorganic fibrous mats play matrix
Humidification, infrared barrier agent are used to suppress radiant heat transfer, and aerogel material is filled in fibrofelt space, suppress gas conduction and
Convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, and be bonded together multi-layer fiber felt as the binding agent of fibrofelt.Can be formed by adjusting fibrofelt,
Thickness, laying number and different number of plies fibrofelt infrared barrier agent particle diameters and content meet actual demand, realize that multilayer mat is answered
Close the efficient anti-hot function of heat-barrier material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat and preparation method thereof.The present inventor
It was found that for different thermal environments, by adjusting multilayer mat composition and ply stacking-sequence, from appropriate infrared barrier agent particle diameter and
The parameters such as content, it can make the material that there is unexpected performance, so as to reach efficiently anti-heat-insulated purpose.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical solution：
1. a kind of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, wherein, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat
By multilayer mat, infrared barrier agent and aerogel material is compound forms.
2. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 1, wherein, the mat is by fiber system
Standby, the fiber is alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, alumina fibre, high silica fiber, basalt cotton fiber, glass fibers
One kind or any two combination in dimension, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre.
3rd, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 2, wherein, described alumina silicate fibre,
High silica fiber, basalt cotton fiber, glass fibre, a diameter of 1~7 μm of quartz fibre, length is 1~6mm；Preferably
It is that a diameter of 1~3 μm of the aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping quartz fibre, length is 1~3mm；Described mullite fiber, aluminum oxide
A diameter of 1~15 μm of fiber and Zirconium oxide fibre, length are 1~6mm, it is preferred that the mullite fiber, aluminum oxide are fine
A diameter of 1~10 μm of peacekeeping Zirconium oxide fibre, length are 1~3mm.
4th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-3, wherein, the mat
Thickness is 1-10mm, preferably 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm；Preferably, the density of the mat is 0.05g/cm3-
0.25g/cm3, preferably 0.10g/cm3-0.15g/cm3。
5th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-4, wherein, the infrared resistance
It is selected from every agent by SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or the wherein group of any component combination composition；Preferably
It is that the particle diameter of the infrared barrier agent particle is 100nm~100 μm；Also it is preferred that infrared barrier agent and the mat
Weight ratio is 3%-60%.
6th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-5, wherein, the mat is
The high-temperature region mat used in the environment of temperature >=1600 DEG C, and Zirconium oxide fibre and/or alumina fibre are selected, preferably
From Zirconium oxide fibre.
7th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 6, wherein, the mat from SiC,
Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, and the infrared barrier agent contains
Amount accounts for the 30%-60% of mat weight, preferably accounts for 40%-60%；
8th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-5, wherein, the mat is
It is less than 1600 DEG C in temperature and is more than or equal in 1000 DEG C of environment the middle warm area mat used, and selects aluminium silicate fiber
Dimension, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination, preferably from alumina silicate fibre,
Mullite fiber, alumina fibre or its any combination.
9th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 8, wherein, the mat from SiC,
Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, and the infrared barrier agent contains
Amount accounts for the 20%-50% of the mat weight, preferably accounts for 20%-40%.
10. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-5, wherein, the mat
To be less than 1000 DEG C in temperature and being more than or equal in 700 DEG C of environment the low-temperature space mat used, and select high silica
Fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination, are preferably selected
With high silica fiber and/or alumina silicate fibre.
11st, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 10, wherein, the mat from SiC,
Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, and the infrared barrier agent contains
Amount accounts for the 15%-50% of the mat weight, preferably accounts for 15%-35%.
12. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme any one of 1-5, wherein, the mat
For in temperature less than the more low-temperature space mat used in 700 DEG C of environment, and from glass fibre, basalt fibre, high silicon
Oxygen fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination, preferably
From alumina silicate fibre and/or basalt fibre.
13rd, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 12, wherein, the mat from SiC,
Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, the content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for
The 3%-30% of the mat weight, preferably accounts for 8%-15%.
16th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of technical scheme 1 to 5, wherein, it is described thin
Felt is the very low temperature region mat used in temperature is less than the environment in 400 DEG C of regions, and is not added in the mat any red
Outer barrier.
17th, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of technical scheme 1 to 16, wherein, it is described
Aerogel material is selected from by SiO2Aeroge, Al2O3Aeroge, ZrO2Aeroge, SiO2/Al2O3Composite aerogel, SiO2/ZrO2
Composite aerogel, ZrO2/Al2O3The group of composite aerogel, charcoal-aero gel and ceramic aerogel composition.
18th, a kind of method for preparing high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, this method comprise the following steps：
(1) fibre stuff is prepared as raw material using inorfil and infrared barrier agent；
(2) it is stripped after the fibre stuff being made into wet base；
(3) by the wet base drying of the demoulding to obtain mat；
(4) by mat laying to required thickness, it is placed in aeroge former；
(5) sol precursor is dipped through to the mat of laying, before making the colloidal sol by supercritical drying drying method
Drive body and form aeroge, obtain the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat.
19th, the method as described in technical scheme 18, wherein, the fibre stuff is also comprising dispersant and/binding agent.
20th, the method as described in technical scheme 18 or 19, wherein, after fibre stuff injection moulding mould, also carry out
The step of discharging dispersant.
21st, the method according to any one of technical scheme 18 to 20, wherein, the drying of wet base by wet base by being placed on support
It is dried in baking oven on disk to realize yesterday.
22nd, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as made from the method described in any one of technical scheme 18 to 21.
23rd, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as described in technical scheme 22, wherein, the high-performance multilayer is thin
The density of felt heat-barrier material is 0.15~0.70g/cm3, room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.014~0.04W/mK, and 800 DEG C of thermal conductivities are
0.030-0.052W/mK, 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivities are 0.040-0.070W/mK.
Compared with other published fibrofelt enhancing aerogel composites, the present invention has the following advantages：
(1) composite heat-insulated material for preparing of the present invention be by the compound infrared barrier agent of multilayer mat and aerogel material and
Into can be adjusted according to warm area difference to kinds of fibers, infrared barrier agent species and content, to obtain optimal heat-proof quality
Composite heat-insulated material；
(2) composite heat-insulated material of the invention is formed by multilayer mat laying, is easy to the main heat according to different temperatures
Transfer mode carries out laying solar heat protection, improves the heat-insulating efficiency of material；
(3) high-performance multilayer of various type faces and size can be made according to mat ply sequence according to use occasion and position
Mat composite heat-insulated material.
High-performance multi-layer thin-mat prepared by the present invention is in aerospace craft, kiln insulation, extreme ring
Efficiently prevent that the field such as heat-insulated has important application value in border.
Embodiment
In the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, wherein, by multi-layer thin
Felt, infrared barrier agent and aerogel material are formed.Described multilayer mat plays aeroge humidification, and is glued with certain
Knot and heat-insulating capability.The multilayer mat is that laying obtains the mat that will be prepared in a mold, and mould can be flat board,
Can be abnormally-structured.
In some embodiments, the mat is prepared by being prepared by fiber, such as by wet method by fiber.The fibre
Dimension for example can be alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, alumina fibre, high silica fiber, basalt cotton fiber, glass fibers
One kind or any two combination in dimension, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre.
In some embodiments, the alumina silicate fibre, high silica fiber, basalt cotton fiber, glass fibre, quartz
A diameter of 1~7 μm of fiber, length is 1~6mm, such as diameter can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm or 7 μm, long
Degree can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or 6mm；Preferably, a diameter of 1~3 μ of the aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping quartz fibre
M, length are 1~3mm.
In some embodiments, a diameter of 1~15 μ of the mullite fiber, alumina fibre and Zirconium oxide fibre
M, length are 1~6mm, for example, diameter can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12
μm, 13 μm, 14 μm or 15 μm, length can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm or 6mm；Preferably, the mullite is fine
A diameter of 1~10 μm of dimension, alumina fibre and Zirconium oxide fibre, length is 1~3mm.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the mat is 1-10mm, such as can be the integer thickness in 1-10mm,
Such as can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm or 10mm.More preferably 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or
5mm.Also it is preferred that the density of the mat is 0.05g/cm3-0.25g/cm3, such as can be 0.05g/cm3、0.1g/
cm3、0.15g/cm3、0.20g/cm3Or 0.25g/cm3.It is further preferred that the density 0.10g/cm3-0.15g/cm3。
In some embodiments, wherein the infrared barrier agent mainly includes SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, titanium
Sour potassium whisker or wherein any component combination.In some preferred embodiments, the particle diameter of the infrared barrier agent particle is
100nm~100 μm, for example, particle diameter can be 100nm, 200nm, 300nm, 400nm, 500nm, 6000nm, 700nm, 800nm,
900nm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm or 100 μm.In some preferred embodiments, the infrared barrier agent and mat
Weight ratio is 3%-60%, for example, 3%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% or 60%.
The multilayer mat can be combined laying according to temperature in use difference, reach heat-proof quality optimization.
In some embodiments, the mat is the high-temperature region mat of temperature >=1600 DEG C, and fine from zirconium oxide
Dimension and/or alumina fibre, more preferably from Zirconium oxide fibre.
In some embodiments, the mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its
Combination is used as infrared barrier agent, and the content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for the 30%-60% of mat weight, for example, 30%,
40%th, 50% or 60%, more preferably account for 40%-60%.
In some embodiments, the mat is that temperature is less than 1600 DEG C and thin more than or equal to 1000 DEG C of middle warm area
Felt, and alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination are selected,
It is preferred that from alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, alumina fibre or its any combination.
In some embodiments, the mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its
Combination is used as infrared barrier agent, and the content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for the 20%-50% of the mat weight, is, for example,
20%th, 30%, 40% or 50% or 60%, more preferably account for 20%-40%.
In some embodiments, the mat is that temperature is less than 1000 DEG C and the low-temperature space more than or equal to 700 DEG C
Mat, and from high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre
Or its any combination, preferably from high silica fiber and/or alumina silicate fibre.
In some embodiments, the mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its
Combination is used as infrared barrier agent, and the content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for the 15%-50% of the mat weight, is, for example,
15%th, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50%, more preferably account for 15%-35%.
In some embodiments, the mat is the more low-temperature space mat that temperature is less than 700 DEG C, and selects glass fibers
Dimension, basalt fibre, high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre
Or its any combination, preferably from alumina silicate fibre and/or basalt fibre.
In some embodiments, the mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its
Combination is used as infrared barrier agent, and the content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for the 3%-30% of the mat weight, for example, 3%,
5%th, 10%, 20% or 30%, preferably account for 8%-15%.
In some embodiments, the mat is very low temperature region mat of the temperature less than 400 DEG C of regions, and described thin
Any infrared barrier agent is not added in felt.
The multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material is being prepared, can be toward injection aeroge colloidal sol in the good multilayer mat of laying
Presoma, through sol-gel, supercritical drying obtains final composite heat-insulated material after aging, solvent displacement.
In some embodiments, the aerogel material is selected from by SiO2Aeroge, Al2O3Aeroge, ZrO2Airsetting
Glue, SiO2/Al2O3Composite aerogel, SiO2/ZrO2Composite aerogel, ZrO2/Al2O3Composite aerogel, charcoal-aero gel and ceramics
The group of aeroge composition.
The aerogel material does not suppress the effect of gas conduction and convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection only, while can also play binding agent
Effect, multilayer mat is bonded together.
In the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of method for preparing high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, should
Method comprises the following steps：
(1) fibre stuff is prepared as raw material using inorfil and infrared barrier agent；
(2) it is stripped after the fibre stuff being made into wet base；
(3) by the wet base drying of the demoulding to obtain mat；
(4) by the mat laying to target thickness, it is placed in aeroge former；
(5) sol precursor is dipped through to the mat of laying, before making the colloidal sol by supercritical drying drying method
Drive body and form aeroge, obtain the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat.
In some embodiments, the fibre stuff is also comprising dispersant and/binding agent.
In some embodiments, after fibre stuff injection moulding mould, the step of also carrying out discharge dispersant.
In some embodiments, the drying of wet base is dried real yesterday in baking oven by the way that wet base is placed on pallet
It is existing.
For example, the above method can be carried out in the following way：
(1) inorfil, dispersant, infrared barrier agent, binding agent are weighed in proportion in plastic containers, it is scattered with high speed
Machine disperses, and prepares fibre stuff；
(2) dispersant in scattered fibre stuff injection moulding mould, will be discharged, the demoulding, the wet base of fiber is placed in support
On disk, it is put in baking oven and is dried overnight；
(3) according to the difference of application temperature environment, by the different kinds of fibers of drying, infrared barrier agent species and content
Mat laying is placed in aeroge forming frock to required thickness；
(4) sol precursor, solvent and catalyst are weighed in proportion, prepare colloidal sol, cast dipping multilayer after stirring
Fiber mat, matched moulds gel, aging, the wet gel being stripped out carry out solvent displacement, and last supercritical drying obtains multilayer mat
Composite heat-insulated material.
In the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided high-performance multi-layer thin-mat made from the above method.It is excellent
Choosing, the density of the high-performance multilayer mat heat-barrier material is 0.15~0.70g/cm3, for example, 0.15g/cm3、
0.20g/cm3、0.25g/cm3、0.30g/cm3、0.35g/cm3、0.40g/cm3、0.45g/cm3、0.50g/cm3、0.55g/cm3、
0.60g/cm3、0.65g/cm3Or 0.70g/cm3；In some preferred embodiments, the high-performance multilayer mat it is compound every
The room temperature thermal conductivity of hot material is 0.014~0.04W/mK, for example, 0.014W/mK, 0.020W/mK, 0.025W/
MK, 0.030W/mK, 0.035W/mK or 0.040W/mK.In some preferred embodiments, institute's high-performance multilayer
Mat composite heat-insulated material is 0.030-0.052W/mK in 800 DEG C of thermal conductivities, such as 0.030W/mK, 0.035W/mK,
0.040W/mK, 0.045W/mK or 0.050W/mK；In some preferred embodiments, the high-performance multilayer is thin
Felt composite heat-insulated material is 0.040-0.070W/mK in 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivities, such as can be 0.040W/mK, 0.045W/
MK, 0.050W/mK, 0.060W/mK, 0.065W/mK or 0.070W/mK.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.These embodiments are the side of being preferable to carry out of the just present invention
Formula is illustrated, and protection scope of the present invention is not read as pertaining only to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1：1600 DEG C of preparations with multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material
(1) alumina fibre mat, alumina silicate fibre mat, high silica fiber mat and the Black Warrior that thickness is 3mm are prepared
Each 3 pieces of rock wool fibers mat, book size 200mm × 200mm；
(2) three pieces of alumina fibre mats are taken, alumina silicate fibre mat, high silica fiber mat and basalt cotton fiber are thin
Each two pieces of felt, according to above-mentioned sampling order laying in aeroge shaping mould；
(3) according to aluminium secondary butylate: ethanol: nitric acid: water=6.6: the ratio of 20: 0.039: 1 (mol ratios) prepares aluminum oxide
Colloidal sol, stir stand-by；
(4) alumina sol prepared in step (3) is injected into step (2) to complete in the mould of mat, matched moulds is extremely
25mm, gel, aging；
(5) wet gel in step (4) is taken out, carries out solvent displacement with ethanol, last supercritical drying obtains 1600 DEG C
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material.
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material size it is 200mm × 200mm × 25mm according to 1600 DEG C made from the method, it is close
Degree is about 0.32g/cm3, different infra-red radiation agent prescription material properties see the table below：
1 1600 DEG C of table is warm with the composition of multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material, thermal conductivity factor and the back of the body
a：Aluminum oxide mat
As it can be seen from table 1 25 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor of the product of all sequence numbers is 0.026W/mK, 800 DEG C are led
Hot coefficient 0.040 between 0.050W/mK, and 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor 0.060 between 0.080W/mK.Though
The room temperature thermal conductivity factor of the product of right all sequence numbers is identical, but the thermal conductivity in 800 DEG C and 1000 DEG C is broken up, wherein containing
There is 30% TiO2TiO of the back of the body temperature than 50% as the product of infrared radiation agent2The product of content is low, only 125 DEG C, and
The substantially less than product of other 7 sequence numbers.
Embodiment 2：1200 DEG C of preparations with multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material
(1) mullite fiber mat, high silica fiber mat and the basalt cotton fiber mat each 4 that thickness is 3mm are prepared
Block, book size 200mm × 200mm；
(2) mullite fiber mat, high silica fiber mat and each three pieces of basalt cotton fiber mat are taken, is taken according to above-mentioned
Sample order laying in aeroge shaping mould；
(3) according to tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water: ammoniacal liquor: ammonium fluoride=1000: 1508: 340: 0.3: 0.1 (weight ratio)
Ratio prepare silicon dioxide gel, stir stand-by；
(4) silica sol prepared in step (3) is injected into step (2) to complete in the mould of mat, matched moulds is extremely
25mm, gel, aging；
(5) wet gel in step (4) is taken out, carries out solvent displacement with ethanol, last supercritical drying obtains 1200 DEG C
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material.
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material size it is 200mm × 200mm × 25mm according to 1200 DEG C made from the method, it is close
Degree is about 0.25g/cm3, different infra-red radiation agent prescription material properties see the table below：
2 1200 DEG C of table is warm with the composition of multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material, thermal conductivity factor and the back of the body
b：Mullite mat
From table 2 it can be seen that 25 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor of the product of all sequence numbers is 0.021W/mK, 800 DEG C are led
Hot coefficient 0.035 between 0.055W/mK, and 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor 0.055 between 0.085W/mK.Though
The room temperature thermal conductivity factor of the product of right all sequence numbers is identical, but the thermal conductivity in 800 DEG C and 1000 DEG C is broken up, wherein containing
Have that 25% potassium titanate is low as the product of the back of the body temperature metatitanic acid potassium content than 40% on the contrary of the product of infrared radiation agent, only 91
DEG C, and it is substantially less than the product of other 7 sequence numbers.
Embodiment 3：1000 DEG C of preparations with multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material
(1) the high silica fiber mat and each 5 pieces of basalt cotton fiber mat that thickness is 3mm, book size 200mm are prepared
×200mm；
(2) five pieces of high silica fiber mats and four pieces of basalt cotton fiber mats are taken, according to above-mentioned sampling order in airsetting
Laying in gum forming mould；
(3) according to tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water: ammoniacal liquor: ammonium fluoride=1000: 1508: 340: 0.3: 0.1 (weight ratio)
Ratio prepare silicon dioxide gel, stir stand-by；
(4) silica sol prepared in step (3) is injected into step (2) to complete in the mould of mat, matched moulds is extremely
25mm, gel, aging；
(5) wet gel in step (4) is taken out, carries out solvent displacement with ethanol, last supercritical drying obtains 1000 DEG C
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material.
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material size it is 200mm × 200mm × 25mm according to 1000 DEG C made from the method, it is close
Degree is about 0.23g/cm3, different infra-red radiation agent prescription material properties see the table below：
3 1000 DEG C of table is warm with the composition of multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material, thermal conductivity factor and the back of the body
c：High silica mat
From table 3 it can be seen that 25 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor of the product of all sequence numbers is 0.020W/mK, 800 DEG C are led
Hot coefficient 0.030 between 0.050W/mK, and 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor 0.055 between 0.075W/mK.Though
The room temperature thermal conductivity factor of the product of right all sequence numbers is identical, but the thermal conductivity in 800 DEG C and 1000 DEG C is broken up, wherein containing
There is 25% potassium titanate low and significantly low as the product of metatitanic acid potassium content of the back of the body temperature than 40% of the product of infrared radiation agent
In the product of other 6 sequence numbers.
Embodiment 4：600 DEG C of preparations with multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material
(1) prepare thickness be 3mm basalt cotton fiber mat and each 5 pieces of glass fibre mat, book size 200mm ×
200mm；
(2) five pieces of basalt cotton fiber mats and four pieces of glass fibre mats are taken, according to above-mentioned sampling order in aeroge
Laying in shaping mould；
(3) according to tetraethyl orthosilicate: ethanol: water: ammoniacal liquor: ammonium fluoride=1000: 1508: 340: 0.3: 0.1 (weight ratio)
Ratio prepare silicon dioxide gel, stir stand-by；
(4) silica sol prepared in step (3) is injected into step (2) to complete in the mould of mat, matched moulds is extremely
25mm, gel, aging；
(5) take out the wet gel in step (4), solvent displacement carried out with ethanol, last supercritical drying obtain 600 DEG C with
Multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material.
With multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material size it is 200mm × 200mm × 25mm according to 600 DEG C made from the method, it is close
Degree is about 0.18g/cm3, different infra-red radiation agent prescription material properties see the table below：
4 600 DEG C of table is warm with the composition of multilayer mat composite heat-insulated material, thermal conductivity factor and the back of the body
d：Basalt cotton
From table 4, it can be seen that in addition to the product of sequence number 3,25 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor of the product of other sequence numbers is
0.020W/mK, 800 DEG C of thermal conductivity factor is 0.025 between 0.040W/mK.Wherein containing 10% TiO2As red
TiO of the back of the body temperature than 20% of the product of external radiation agent2The product of content is low, and is substantially less than the product of other 6 sequence numbers.
Claims (23)
1. a kind of high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, wherein, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat is by more
Layer mat, infrared barrier agent and the compound composition of aerogel material, wherein, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat according to
Warm area decline trend, the mat of different kinds of fibers is combined, and the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat
It is made by the method comprised the following steps：
(1) fibre stuff is prepared as raw material using inorfil and infrared barrier agent；
(2) it is stripped after the fibre stuff being made into wet base；
(3) by the wet base drying of the demoulding to obtain mat；
(4) by mat laying to required thickness, it is placed in aeroge former；
(5) sol precursor is dipped through to the mat of laying, the sol precursor is made by supercritical drying drying method
Aeroge is formed, obtains the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat；
Wherein, the multilayer mat is selected from by middle warm area mat, low-temperature space mat and group that more low-temperature space mat forms；
Wherein, the middle warm area mat is thin to be used in environment of the temperature less than 1600 DEG C and more than or equal to 1000 DEG C
Felt, and come from alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination
Prepare；
Wherein, the low-temperature space mat is thin to be used in environment of the temperature less than 1000 DEG C and more than or equal to 700 DEG C
Felt, and from high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or
It is combined to prepare；
Wherein, the more low-temperature space mat is the mat used in environment of the temperature less than 700 DEG C, and selects glass fibers
Dimension, basalt cotton fiber, high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, aluminum oxide are fine
Tie up or it is combined to prepare.
2. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described alumina silicate fibre, high silicon
Oxygen fiber, basalt cotton fiber, glass fibre, a diameter of 1~7 μm of quartz fibre, length is 1~6mm.
3. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping quartz is fine
A diameter of 1~3 μm is tieed up, length is 1~3mm.
4. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described mullite fiber, oxidation
A diameter of 1~15 μm of aluminum fiber and Zirconium oxide fibre, length are 1~6mm.
5. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the mullite fiber, aluminum oxide
A diameter of 1~10 μm of fiber and Zirconium oxide fibre, length are 1~3mm.
6. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the mat
Thickness is 1-10mm.
7. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 6, wherein, the thickness of the mat is 1mm,
2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5mm.
8. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the mat
Density is 0.05g/cm3-0.25g/cm3。
9. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the density of the mat is 0.10g/
cm3-0.15g/cm3。
10. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the infrared resistance
It is selected from every agent by SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or the wherein group of any component combination composition.
11. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the infrared resistance
Every the particle diameter of agent particle be 100nm~100 μm.
12. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, infrared barrier agent
Weight ratio with the mat is 3%-60%.
13. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the middle warm area
Mat is prepared from alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, alumina fibre or its any combination.
14. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the middle warm area
Mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, and it is described in
The content for the infrared barrier agent that warm area mat uses accounts for the 20%-50% of the middle warm area mat weight.
15. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 14, wherein, used in the middle warm area mat
The content of the infrared barrier agent account for the 20%-40% of the middle warm area mat weight.
16. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the low-temperature space
Mat is prepared from high silica fiber and/or alumina silicate fibre.
17. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the low-temperature space
Mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, it is and described low
The content of the infrared barrier agent used in warm area mat accounts for the 15%-50% of the low-temperature space mat weight.
18. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 17, wherein, used in the low-temperature space mat
The content of the infrared barrier agent account for the 15%-35% of the low-temperature space mat weight.
19. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the more low temperature
Area's mat is prepared from alumina silicate fibre and/or basalt cotton fiber.
20. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, the more low temperature
Area's mat selects SiC, Cr2O3、CoO2、TiO2、Fe2O3, potassium titanate crystal whisker or its combination be used as infrared barrier agent, it is described lower
The content of the infrared barrier agent used in warm area mat accounts for the 3%-30% of the more low-temperature space mat weight.
21. high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as claimed in claim 20, wherein, make in the more low-temperature space mat
The content of the infrared barrier agent accounts for the 8%-15% of the more low-temperature space mat weight.
22. a kind of method for preparing high-performance multi-layer thin-mat, this method comprise the following steps：
(1) fibre stuff is prepared as raw material using inorfil and infrared barrier agent；
(2) it is stripped after the fibre stuff being made into wet base；
(3) by the wet base drying of the demoulding to obtain mat；
(4) by mat laying to required thickness, it is placed in aeroge former；
(5) sol precursor is dipped through to the mat of laying, the sol precursor is made by supercritical drying drying method
Aeroge is formed, obtains the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat；
Wherein, the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat is according to warm area decline trend, by the mat of different kinds of fibers
It is combined；
Wherein, the multilayer mat is selected from by middle warm area mat, low-temperature space mat and group that more low-temperature space mat forms；
Wherein, the middle warm area mat is thin to be used in environment of the temperature less than 1600 DEG C and more than or equal to 1000 DEG C
Felt, and come from alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or its any combination
Prepare；
Wherein, the low-temperature space mat is thin to be used in environment of the temperature less than 1000 DEG C and more than or equal to 700 DEG C
Felt, and from high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, alumina fibre or
It is combined to prepare；
Wherein, the more low-temperature space mat is the mat used in environment of the temperature less than 700 DEG C, and selects glass fibers
Dimension, basalt cotton fiber, high silica fiber, alumina silicate fibre, mullite fiber, quartz fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, aluminum oxide are fine
Tie up or it is combined to prepare.
23. the high-performance multi-layer thin-mat as made from the method described in claim 22, the high-performance multilayer
The density of mat composite heat-insulated material is 0.15~0.70g/cm3, room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.014~0.04W/mK, 800 DEG C of heat
Conductance is 0.030-0.052W/mK, and 1000 DEG C of thermal conductivities are 0.040-0.070W/mK.
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| CN105330212A (en) | 2016-02-17 |
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