CN105410290A - Method for preparing centifolia rose scented tea by vacuum freezing and drying - Google Patents
Method for preparing centifolia rose scented tea by vacuum freezing and drying Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing centifolia rose scented tea by vacuum freezing and drying and belongs to the technical field of processing of scented tea. The method comprises the following four steps: screening fresh rose flower buds, filling the fresh rose flower buds into a disc and pre-freezing, drying in vacuum, and cooling and packaging. The problems of conventional drying that aroma is lost and the color is seriously faded after the raw materials are heated, and the color is faded in a storage process and the like so that the quality of products is influenced are solved very well through heating by sections, rapidly rising the temperature, sterilizing for short time and drying at a low-temperature and low-pressure state. The method for preparing the centifolia rose scented tea keeps the inherent aroma of the flower buds, the color and luster are relatively good, and the flower buds are not faded after a long period; in a vacuum freezing process, compared with tea which is commonly dried, the surface area of the tea is improved by 200 times, so that the brewing performance of the scented tea and the dissolution rate of effective components of the scented tea are greatly improved, and the quality upgrading and benefit maximization are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to jasmine tea processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method that vacuum freeze drying prepares Chiba rose tea.
Background technology
Rose tea is the one of jasmine tea in China's reprocessing teas, has two kinds of styles, and the first combines basement system by tealeaves and semi-open fresh rose flower and forms, and another kind is that single rosebud, half-open flower or petal drying are made.Rose dried flower flower bud is the one in rose tea, also be a kind of famous and precious medicinal material, it is rich in the various trace elements such as citronellol, Eugenol, benzene hexanol and zinc, potassium, sodium, calcium, selenium, and wherein citronellol content is up to 60%, and the content of Eugenol and benzene hexanol is 1%.Making tea when drinking, mouthfeel fragrance is strong, fragrance is long, Bracing.The traditional Chinese medical science is thought, rosebud has effect of the Xie Yu that regulates the flow of vital energy, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, menstruction regulating and pain relieving, softening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular; Its sweet and slightly bitter taste, warm in nature, temperature can support the conscience blood vessels of people, strongly fragrant gas in Shu Fati, play calmness, pacify, antidepressant effect.
At present, the rose tea kind that domestic market sales is edible mainly contains: Ping Yin Rose, Gansu bitter water rose, the golden-rimmed rose in Yunnan, black red rose, Damask Rose and French Chiba rose.Because each kind plant forms feature is different, so jasmine tea product form, color, fragrance, mouthfeel are different, different cultivars all has respective pluses and minuses, the rose-tee diversity of bud kind, meets the different customer demand in domestic and international market.
(" Chinese Plants will " is recited as moss rose to France Chiba rose
rosacentifolia), have another name called: Rosa centifolia, Ge Lasi rose, Chiba rose dried flower tea refers to the fresh flower flower bud utilizing Chiba rose, by a kind of jasmine tea that drying is obtained.The dry process technology of the domestic bud of current China is not yet ripe, and most of Chiba rose tea product also mainly relies on import, and the Chiba rose dried flower tea of tea market is otherwise known as France rose.
After the process of rosebud drying, moisture is less than 5%, is applied to jasmine tea or food additives raw material, and the rose tea of high-quality needs to keep intrinsic fragrance, form, color and luster unanimously for best.Drying means comparatively conventional in current production has three kinds:
drying, is by natural lighting, petal is dewatered to realize drying purpose.This method is with low cost, and take up room large, the time is long, and fragrance runs off many, and color and luster is uneven, comparatively large by weather effect, and drying is not thorough, needs secondary heating sterilizing;
heated-air drying, reaches drying purpose with hot blast by the surface of moist material.This method material is damaged and dust is few, and be suitable for a small amount of and suitably can change temperature and carry out dry program controlled mode, dry jasmine tea fragrance runs off more, uniform color but unstable, thermo-labile component may be destroyed because of overheated, poor product quality; Drying time is long, the thermal efficiency and energy utilization rate low.
vacuum freeze-drying method, utilize in physical chemistry solid-state, liquid, the principle that gaseous state can mutually transform under different pressure and temperature conditions, find the pressure and temperature at the three phase point place of non-oily liquid component in different rose variety dried flower flower bud, by manual control temperature and pressure, the tea through cryogenic freezing is impelled to be solid-state by the non-oily liquid condensation in thousand fresh rose flower flower bud cells, within reducing the critical zone of the solid-state and gaseous state of below pressure to three phase point again, non-oily intracellular fluid is made to be diffused in the air of low pressure in distillation mode, what maintenance continued simultaneously vacuumizes state, continue to extract out by being tending towards the saturated air of distillation composition, give the heat supply continued that Frozen Body is certain simultaneously, supply the heat of sublimation that freezing bud is certain, it is allowed to maintain the highest rate of sublimation and to maintain below three phase point simultaneously, thus realize under low-temperature condition rose tea continue lose non-oily liquid component and reach drying regime.The bud quality better of vacuum freeze drying, color, shape and odor type composition keep; Product has porous, and loose easily molten, be specially adapted to the drying of some thermo-labile article, equipment investment cost is high, but can accept.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of vacuum freeze drying to prepare the method for Chiba rose tea, with solve the fragrance produced because of heating that conventional drying cannot evade lose seriously fade, fading in storage process etc. affects the problem of product quality.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: fresh rose flower flower bud step (1) obtained, in atmospheric conditions in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 119-121pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
Further, the method for the flower that preferably step (1) middle removing fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm adopts the screen cloth of 2cm × 2cm to screen out.
Further, preferably described vacuum freeze drying prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, after the bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, then according to rank sabot pre-freeze respectively; Described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter.
Further, preferably described vacuum freeze drying prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud that step (1) is obtained, freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtain the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 120pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
Further, preferably described vacuum freeze drying prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: after the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, then according to rank sabot respectively, pre-freeze in the freeze drying storehouse of freeze dryer, obtains the bud of freezing state; Described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Described pre-freeze condition is in atmospheric conditions in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour; During pre-freeze, each refrigerator tray tiles three layers of fresh flower flower bud, and in second layer fresh flower flower bud embedding temperature sensor, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 119-121pa after second, starts electric heating system, carries out electrical heating oven dry to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, and obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opens air intake valve and makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, packs afterwards, finally deposits in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
Further, preferably adopted by the fresh rose flower flower bud after classification the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket and hold, every basket of dress 10kg.
Further, preferably described vacuum freeze drying prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 119-121pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, and meanwhile, the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
Further, preferably described vacuum freeze drying prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state for freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 120pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, and meanwhile, the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
The present invention is embedding two temperature sensors preferably, are the uniformities in order to ensure surveyed temperature of charge.
Being cooled to described in step of the present invention (4) is generally nature cooling.
compared with prior art, its beneficial effect is in the present invention:
(1) the present invention by heat stepwise, be rapidly heated, sterilization in short-term and low temperature be dry, well solve the fragrance produced because of heating that conventional drying cannot evade lose seriously fade, fading in storage process etc. affects the problem of product quality, the method that the present invention prepares Chiba rose tea not only remains the intrinsic odor type of bud, and make color and luster better, colour-fast lastingly, achieve quality upgrading and maximizing the benefits;
(2) the inventive method solves the extrusion process of seeping at high temperature drying existence to the problem of rose form, active ingredient, color and luster generation considerable influence, well maintains rose color, form and odor type composition and nutriment.Product size of the present invention, color are all consistent, and without mortality, efficiency is high; Mouthfeel, fragrance and color and luster are all better than the rose of other technique dryings;
(3) heat stepwise is taked when the present invention prepares Chiba rose tea, by the method sterilization of the Short Time Heating that is rapidly heated, low temperature completes drying, kills the worm's ovum in bud and microorganism to greatest extent, ensure raw material edible safety, technological process has novelty;
(4)-32 DEG C of process fresh rose flower flower buds adopted in present invention process flow process, pass through snap frozen, oiliness and non-oily liquid parts in rose cell membrane is made to produce the volumetric expansion of 20%, the ice crystal produced has punctured rose cell membrane, for the effusion of rose moisture provides passage, the specific area of tea body is more long-pending than the tea surface area per unit volume of common oven dry improves 200 times, therefore, substantially increase the dissolution rate brewing performance and jasmine tea active ingredient of jasmine tea, product quality is high.
(5) vacuum freeze-drying method of the present invention has following advantage compared with traditional vacuum freeze-drying method: the vacuum that 1, the present invention adopts is 120pa, and the vacuum of some vacuum refrigeration methods is generally between 40pa-80pa at present, vacuum is higher, energy consumption is larger, higher to equipment requirement, invest larger.The vacuum that the present invention adopts is the vacuum freeze of the principle design repacking according to the feature of Chiba rose own and economize energy, adopts vacuum 120pa both to ensure that product quality, also reduces energy consumption and cost.2, the heat stepwise of the present invention's employing, and traditional employing is heated at constant temperature, advantage is that heat stepwise makes rose form, fragrance, color and luster better keep by the different temperatures time period, has saved the energy simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting scope of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition person in embodiment, according to the technology described by the document in this area or condition or carry out according to product description.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, being can by buying the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment 1
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud that step (1) is obtained, freezing 2.1 hours in-31 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtain the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 119pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 34 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51 DEG C, continuous firing 31 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
Embodiment 2
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud that step (1) is obtained, freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtain the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 120pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
Embodiment 3
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud that step (1) is obtained, freezing 1.9 hours in-33 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtain the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 121pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 31 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 36 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51 DEG C, continuous firing 29 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
Embodiment 4
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously; The flower that fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm is open flower, and the flower that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm is underfed little fresh flower flower bud;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state for freezing 1.9 hours in-31 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 119pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 34 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44 DEG C, continuous firing 235 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51 DEG C, continuous firing 29 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment, resting period is 1 year.
Embodiment 5
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the flower that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously; The flower that fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm is open flower, and the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm is underfed little fresh flower flower bud;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state for freezing 2.1 hours in-33 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 121pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 31 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 36 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 41 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 46 DEG C, continuous firing 245 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 53 DEG C, continuous firing 31 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment, resting period is 1 year.
Embodiment 6
Vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the flower that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously; The flower that fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm is open flower, and the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm is underfed little fresh flower flower bud;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state for freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 120pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment, resting period is 1 year.
detect
Adopt vacuum freeze-drying method of the present invention, traditional vacuum freeze-drying method, dry and carry out drying to Chiba rose respectively with heated-air drying, result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and description just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. vacuum freeze drying prepares a method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: fresh rose flower flower bud step (1) obtained, in atmospheric conditions in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 119-121pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
2. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, the method for the bud that in step (1), removing fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm adopts the screen cloth of 2cm × 2cm to screen out.
3. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, after the bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, then according to rank sabot pre-freeze respectively; Described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter.
4. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud that step (1) is obtained, freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtain the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: the bud of freezing state step (2) obtained, under 120pa, carries out electrical heating oven dry, obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: pack after the bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) is cooled to normal temperature, deposit.
5. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, removes the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: after the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, then according to rank sabot respectively, pre-freeze in the freeze drying storehouse of freeze dryer, obtains the bud of freezing state; Described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Described pre-freeze condition is in atmospheric conditions in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour; During pre-freeze, each refrigerator tray tiles three layers of fresh flower flower bud, and in second layer fresh flower flower bud embedding temperature sensor, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 119-121pa after second, starts electric heating system, carries out electrical heating oven dry to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, and obtains the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opens air intake valve and makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) naturally cools to normal temperature, packs afterwards, finally deposits in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
6. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, is adopted by the fresh rose flower flower bud after classification the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket and holds, every basket of dress 10kg.
7. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state in-31 ~-33 DEG C of freezing 1.9-2.1 hour in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 119-121pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 29-31 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; Second segment heating-up temperature 34-36 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 39-41 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 4th section of heating-up temperature 44-46 DEG C, continuous firing 235-245 minute; 5th section of heating-up temperature 51-53 DEG C, continuous firing 29-31 minute;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) naturally cools to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
8. vacuum freeze drying according to claim 1 prepares the method for Chiba rose tea, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step (1), fresh rose flower flower bud is screened: screening openness is that sepal is all opened, the bud that bud outermost layer has 3 hemp nettle lobes to part a little, remove all impurity, eliminate and there is the bud of disease pityriasis simplex and lopsided bud, the flower that removing fresh flower flower bud length is greater than 3.5cm, diameter is greater than 2.5cm, uses the screen cloth of 2cm*2cm to screen out the bud that fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2cm, diameter is less than 2cm simultaneously;
Step (2), sabot pre-freeze: the fresh rose flower flower bud after step (1) being screened carries out classification, and described grade scale is bud length is 2.5-3.5cm, diameter be 1.8-2.5cm is high-class product; Fresh flower flower bud length is less than 2.5cm, to be less than 1.8cm be Grade A to diameter; Adopt the plastic crate of long * wide * height 64cm*39cm*28cm quantitatively to fill basket after classification to hold, every basket of dress 10kg; Then according to rank sabot respectively, each refrigerator tray tiling weight is three layers of fresh flower flower bud of 5kg, the fresh flower flower bud that 20 dishes install is put in freeze drying storehouse afterwards in each freeze dryer, optional two dishes in this 20 dish, all embedding temperature sensor in second layer fresh flower flower bud in this two dish, temperature sensor is connected with the temperature-controlling system of freeze dryer; Embedding good rear closedown freeze drying storehouse door, makes bud enter freezing state for freezing 2 hours in-32 DEG C in atmospheric conditions, obtains the bud of freezing state;
Step (3), vacuum drying: start vavuum pump, 25-30 makes the air pressure in freeze drying storehouse be reduced to 120pa after second, open dry valve, start electric heating system, electrical heating oven dry is carried out to the bud of the freezing state that step (2) obtains, obtain the bud after drying; Electrical heating is dried one and is divided into 5 stages, and first paragraph baking temperature is 30 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; Second segment heating-up temperature 35 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 3rd section of heating-up temperature 40 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 4th section of heating-up temperature 45 DEG C, continuous firing 240 minutes; 5th section of heating-up temperature 52 DEG C, continuous firing 30 minutes;
Step (4), cooling packing: after vacuum drying terminates, opening air intake valve makes the pressure in freeze drying storehouse rise to normal pressure, simultaneously, bud after the oven dry obtain step (3) naturally cools to normal temperature, pack afterwards, packaging selects long × wide × thick food-grade PE bag for 40cm × 80cm × 0.08mm, according to the packed bag of 15kg/, after sealing, by packed for PE enter long × wide × high in the tri-wall corrugated paper case of 40cm × 20cm × 45cm, deposit in room temperature, lucifuge, dry environment.
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| CN106306985A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 北海桔泉金花茶有限公司 | Method for drying rose |
| CN107173483B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2020-08-18 | 统一企业(中国)投资有限公司昆山研究开发中心 | Ice-separated tea and method for preparing ice-separated instant extract tea beverage |
| CN107173483A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-09-19 | 统企业(中国)投资有限公司昆山研究开发中心 | Ice analyses tea and ice analysis now extracts the preparation method of tea beverage |
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| CN109645188A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-19 | 洛阳市中心苗圃 | A kind of production method of tree peony bud tea |
| CN110999741A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 贵州景峰注射剂有限公司 | Planting and processing method of salvia miltiorrhiza medicinal material |
| CN112471304A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-12 | 海南中椹生物科技有限公司 | Scenting method of scented tea |
| CN112471304B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2023-03-03 | 海南中椹生物科技有限公司 | Scenting method of scented tea |
| CN115088475A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-23 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for collecting fresh dendrobium flowers and vacuum freeze drying |
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