CN106173079A - Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process and the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by it - Google Patents
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process and the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by it Download PDFInfo
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- CN106173079A CN106173079A CN201610630790.0A CN201610630790A CN106173079A CN 106173079 A CN106173079 A CN 106173079A CN 201610630790 A CN201610630790 A CN 201610630790A CN 106173079 A CN106173079 A CN 106173079A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/34—Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process and the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by it, it belongs to edible rose manufacture field, and this technique includes: pre-treatment step: removes the petal that Flos Rosae Rugosae is rotten, obtains pretreatment flower；Freezing step: pretreatment flower is placed in freezing 7h～15h in the environment of temperature is less than or equal to 35 DEG C and obtains pre-cooling flower；Microwave step of freeze drying: the temperature of the operating room of freeze dryer is cooled to 10 DEG C～5 DEG C in advance, pre-cooling flower is placed in the operating room of pre-cooling, keep the ambient pressure in operating room at 8Pa～60Pa, temperature in the range of 0 DEG C～30 DEG C to operating room in carry out microwave heating, until the moisture content of pre-cooling flower is below 10%, obtain lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae.Lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by this Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process its remain the aroma volatile such as substantial amounts of anthocyanidin and citronellol, nerol, geraniol, making this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae have strong sweet fragrance after dipping, the health-care effect such as antioxidation highlights.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible rose manufacture field, and particularly to a kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process and made by it
The lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae obtained.
Background technology
Flos Rosae Rugosae: machaka, the sharp thorn of the close life of stem, winglike compound leaf, lobule 5～9, oval, petal becomes oval；Summer
Ji Kaihua, flower Dan Sheng, purple adds lustre to white, has strong fragrance.Flos Rosae Rugosae sweet in the mouth, warm in nature, fragrant odour, mild in medicine property and, have
Regulate the flow of vital energy and blood, eliminating toxin and beautifying the skin and blood dissipating blood stasis, blood stasis dispelling of having one's ideas straightened out, soothing the liver be amusing, promote bile secretion, help digest, regulation mechanism
Effect.Be primarily adapted for use in that the hypochondriac pain gastral cavity caused by incoordination between the liver and stomach is vexed, epigastric distending pain and menoxenia or premenstrual distending pain of the breast person.This
Outward, Flos Rosae Rugosae, possibly together with multiple nutritional components, has good curative effect to some dermatosis, life-time service can thoroughly remove acne and
Acne, the skin smooth making face is tender, and treatment chloasma faciei is had certain effect.
Flos Rosae Rugosae is rich in aroma volatile such as citronellol, nerol, geraniol, and therefore rose tea is after dipping
There is sweet fragrance.But, the heating, drying technique that the existing frequently-used rose tea eventful employing of dry processing technique is traditional,
During heating, drying higher due to temperature, drying time the longest citronellol, volatile fragrance component such as nerol dissipates
Lose more so that the sweetest fragrance of rose tea after processing is thin.
Possibly together with substantial amounts of anthocyanidin in Flos Rosae Rugosae, anthocyanidin is the supplementary of the defying age of a kind of pure natural, grinds
Studying carefully and prove the mankind nowadays maximally effective antioxidant of discovery, its antioxygenic property exceeds 50 times than vitamin E, and ratio dimension is raw
Element C exceeds 20 times.Anthocyanidin is 100% to the biological effectiveness of human body, just can detect in blood after taking 20 minutes.
But, anthocyanidin easily aoxidizes, the most difficult extraction, when temperature will be destroyed more than 40 DEG C, so, the heating that Flos Rosae Rugosae is traditional
The processing modes such as drying can be because the extraneous high temperature provided and for a long time heating lamp reason cause the anthocyanidin in Flos Rosae Rugosae
Substantial amounts of loss, and the color of the Flos Rosae Rugosae dry flower made and quality morphology the lowest.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process, make in the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae produced permissible
There are the aroma volatile such as more citronellol, nerol, geraniol to retain, and make the anthocyanidin in lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae
Not by high temperature, the rose tea that the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae that this Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process processes obtains after dipping
Soup fragrance is sweet, strong, and anti-ageing health-care effect of waiting for a long time highlights.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae is by Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave lyophilizing
Method prepares, and this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae maintains form and the color and luster of edible rose raw material script during making, with
Time this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae in remain the aroma volatile such as substantial amounts of citronellol, nerol, geraniol, by this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae
After flower soaks, Flos Rosae Rugosae millet paste gives out strong sweet fragrance, also retains substantial amounts of anthocyanidin in this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae,
The senile-resistant efficacy making this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae is more preferable.
The present invention solves it and technical problem is that and realize by the following technical solutions.
A kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process, comprises the following steps:
Pre-treatment step: remove the petal that Flos Rosae Rugosae is rotten, obtain pretreatment flower；
Freezing step: pretreatment flower is placed in freezing 7h～15h in the environment of temperature is less than or equal to-35 DEG C and obtains pre-cooling
Flower；
Microwave step of freeze drying: the temperature of the operating room of freeze dryer is cooled to-10 DEG C～5 DEG C in advance, pre-cooling flower is placed in
In the operating room of pre-cooling, keep the ambient pressure in operating room at 8Pa～60Pa, temperature in the range of 0 DEG C～30 DEG C to work
Indoor carry out microwave heating, until the moisture content of pre-cooling flower is below 10%, obtain lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by a kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process.
The Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process of the embodiment of the present invention and the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by it provide the benefit that: should
Fresh edible rose is screened once by Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process, by branch unnecessary in edible rose flower and change
The petal of matter removes, it is ensured that do not have unnecessary impurity in the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of making, promotes the finished product lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae product prepared
Matter.Garbled fresh rose flower is carried out freezing processing so that Flos Rosae Rugosae reaches eutectic temperature, and the water in each Flos Rosae Rugosae is complete
Entirely form ice crystal and obtain pre-cooling flower, in order in microwave step of freeze drying afterwards, the moisture in Flos Rosae Rugosae preferably distils.Flos Rosae Rugosae
Being to carry out microwave step of freeze drying after flower pre-cooling, this microwave freeze-drying technology ensure that Flos Rosae Rugosae, and when being dried, temperature will not
More than 40 DEG C, decrease the loss of the aroma volatile such as the citronellol in Flos Rosae Rugosae, nerol, geraniol, also subtract simultaneously
Lack high temperature to the destruction of anthocyanidin in Flos Rosae Rugosae；This microwave freezing technique make use of microwave treatment and vacuum technology simultaneously,
The rate of drying making Flos Rosae Rugosae is very fast, does not destroy form and the color and luster etc. of Flos Rosae Rugosae script so that finished product lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae simultaneously
Flower is more prominent in organoleptic quality.With moisture content in lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process of the present invention more
Health-care components low, various are the most more, add health care's effect of this lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.In embodiment, unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument unreceipted production firm person, being can be by the commercially available conventional product bought and obtain
Product.
To the Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process of the embodiment of the present invention and carried out specifically by its prepared lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae below
Explanation.
A kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process that the embodiment of the present invention provides, it is to be removed by pretreatment to become on Flos Rosae Rugosae
The petal of matter；Then pretreatment Flos Rosae Rugosae flower is carried out freezing；Lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae is obtained after carrying out microwave lyophilizing again.
The Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process that the embodiment of the present invention provides, including:
S1 pre-treatment step step:
The fresh rose flower plucked is picked up and picks, classifies, by by insect bite, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism is removed.
Specifically, Flos Rosae Rugosae flower can be divided three classes according to bud, half-open flower, standard-sized sheet flower, pick up and pick out folder
The foreign material such as miscellaneous branch in Flos Rosae Rugosae flower and rotten petal, only retain fresh part, it is to avoid the finished product lyophilizing prepared
Flos Rosae Rugosae has impurity.
Wherein, standard-sized sheet flower be in the open initial stage rather than the open hour long, it is ensured that the fragrance of Flos Rosae Rugosae and
Nutrient substance etc. are all to retain to greatest extent.
Further, the Flos Rosae Rugosae of the present invention preferably in planting process whole process do not use chemical fertilizer and pesticide, only used
Machine fertilizer carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.The Flos Rosae Rugosae so planted more health, health, residual without harmful substances such as pesticide
Stay.
More preferably, above-mentioned three class Flos Rosae Rugosaes can be carried out freezing, microwave step of freeze drying respectively, different types of to ensure
The uniform quality of Flos Rosae Rugosae finished product and good.
S2 freezing step:
Flos Rosae Rugosae flower good for pretreatment is placed in freezing 7h～15h in the environment of temperature is less than or equal to-35 DEG C and obtains freezing
Flower.
Specifically, can send in the temperature environment less than or equal to-35 DEG C or equipment by Flos Rosae Rugosae flower good for pretreatment
Row freezing, such as, freeze storehouse, refrigerating chamber etc..Good for pretreatment Flos Rosae Rugosae is sent into and freezes storehouse and carry out freezing and can make the middle institute of Flos Rosae Rugosae piece
Some moisture all forms ice crystal, can be obviously improved the effect of follow-up microwave step of freeze drying.
Preferably, pretreatment flower freezing 8h～12h in the freezer of-50 DEG C in the present invention, to guarantee in Flos Rosae Rugosae
All moisture can condense into ice crystal.It is highly preferred that pretreatment flower freezing 9h～11h in freezer in the present invention, the most permissible
Ensure that the water in Flos Rosae Rugosae all crystallizes and can avoid the energy resource consumption that excessively chill brings.
Specifically, when Flos Rosae Rugosae freezing, freeze and storehouse can be placed support, support arranges pallet, place on pallet
Flos Rosae Rugosae carries out freezing, as preferably, pallet can be provided for place the aperture of Flos Rosae Rugosae.Flos Rosae Rugosae is being carried out freezing
Time Flos Rosae Rugosae to be kept petal sections away from pallet, calyx part is near pallet, and the anthocaulus connected with calyx bottom is put
On pallet, the mode in aperture is placed, both petal portion upward, calyx portion put down and carry out freezing step, make every Flos Rosae Rugosae
In refrigerating process, can continue to the form keeping not picking from branch, play certain styling, make
The finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared is morphologically consistent with fresh rose flower；There is gap, between every Flos Rosae Rugosae simultaneously between flower not
Can mutually extrude, it is ensured that every Flos Rosae Rugosae after freeze drying will not be inter-adhesive, it is to avoid Flos Rosae Rugosae is in the course of processing
Petal is damaged, it is ensured that every Flos Rosae Rugosae can keep form originally, promotes the organoleptic quality of finished product.
S3 microwave step of freeze drying:
First the temperature of the operating room of freeze dryer is cooled to-10 DEG C～5 DEG C in advance, then will be complete the Flos Rosae Rugosae of pre-cooling
Piece being placed in the most pre-cooled freeze dryer operating room, keep the ambient pressure of operating room at 8Pa～60Pa, temperature is at 0 DEG C～30
In the range of DEG C, operating room is carried out microwave heating, until the moisture content of pre-cooling flower is below 10%, obtain lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Preferably, in the present invention, the temperature of the operating room of freeze dryer is cooled to-5 DEG C～0 DEG C in advance, and so make in operating room is pre-
Cold temperature is more or less the same with microwave heating temperature, it is to avoid when freezing flower just puts into refrigerating chamber, occur due to excessive temperature differentials
The phenomenon of freezing flower fragmentation.
Specifically, such as can to utilize the wave frequency containing 4 microwave magnetrons and each magnetron be 2.45GHZ,
Power is that the microwave system of 1.5kw carries out microwave heating, and the mode using circulation to open each microwave magnetron makes operating room
Temperature be maintained at 10 DEG C～20 DEG C under the conditions of carry out, be placed with the pallet intermittent rotary of Flos Rosae Rugosae when carrying out microwave heating, protect
Card Flos Rosae Rugosae homogeneous heating.Flos Rosae Rugosae can be made faster to complete microwave freeze-drying technology, again because relatively low temperature subtracts further
Lack the loss of anthocyanidin in Flos Rosae Rugosae, reduce the aroma volatile such as citronellol in Flos Rosae Rugosae, nerol, geraniol
Scatter and disappear.
Further, the time that pre-cooling flower carries out microwave heating is 1h～4h, it is ensured that pre-cooling flower is the most dry
Dry prevent the over-drying flower zoom, broken etc. of causing.
Specifically, the present invention controls preferably by vacuum pump the pressure of operating room, pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae is placed in work
Opening vacuum pump 4h～5h behind room makes the ambient pressure of operating room be then turned on microwave heating after reaching 8Pa～60Pa and keep
Vacuum pump remains in operation.In promotion operating room, the discharge of steam, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae further.In this process
In, along with the carrying out of microwave heating, the temperature in operating room can gradually rise, and now can supplement cold air to inside working chamber
To ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained in 0 DEG C～30 DEG C.
Further, the amount of pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae of room of devoting oneself to work during each microwave lyophilizing is 1kg～3kg, it can be ensured that
Every Flos Rosae Rugosae all fully lyophilizing, and the efficiency of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae is higher.
Preferably, connecting and have cold-trap equipment in the present invention between freeze dryer operating room and vacuum pump, this cold-trap equipment enters
The steam of freeze dryer inside working chamber is trapped by one step ground, strengthens vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae,
The Flos Rosae Rugosae dew that can also will be enriched in multiple nutrients material is collected, and it is multiple that this Flos Rosae Rugosae dew has sterilization, moisturizing, beauty treatment etc.
Beneficial effect.
Specifically, in the present invention, freeze dryer operating room and cold-trap are connected by the first connecting valve, and cold-trap and vacuum pump lead to
Cross the second connecting valve to connect, the most first the first connecting valve and the second connecting valve are closed, open cold-trap and vacuum
Pump, allows cold-trap pre-cooling and vacuum pump preheat respectively, is then turned on the second connecting valve, subsequently opens the first connecting valve, when
The ambient pressure of lyophilizing operating room reaches 8Pa～60Pa can start microwave drying, lyophilizing is worked in whole freeze-drying process
Steam in room condenses frosting in cold-trap chamber, treats lyophilizing to complete afterwards and closes hull closure, after waiting the frost in cold-trap chamber to melt, beats
The drain valve opening cold-trap can carry out the collection of Flos Rosae Rugosae dew.
Further, carrying out the power of the vaporizer of cold-trap when floral water is collected in the present invention is 3.5kw, evaporating temperature
For-50 DEG C～-40 DEG C, the response rate of Flos Rosae Rugosae dew can be increased, promote the utilization rate of Flos Rosae Rugosae further, also enter one simultaneously
Step strengthens vacuum effectiveness.
During whole microwave heating, operating room's evacuation and cold-trap catch water, all use cooling column be microwave system,
Vacuum system and cold-trap carry Cooling Water, it is ensured that each system can keep normal operating temperature, it is ensured that microwave freeze-drying process
It is normally carried out.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process and the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of the present invention are made the most in detail
Describe.
Embodiment 1
First, select the Flos Rosae Rugosae flower of the most unopened bud shape, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is complete during plantation
Journey does not use chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Occur on the new fresh-rose flower bud that will pluck
Insect bite, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the Flos Rosae Rugosae flower bud completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-40 DEG C, and the freezing time is 8h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To 0 DEG C, then 2kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 5h, make the ambient pressure of inside working chamber
Drop to 20Pa, open microwave and continue evacuation, keep work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 20Pa, at microwave heating process
In, continuing on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 10 DEG C, microwave drying 3h, can be prepared by moisture content is
The lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 5%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-40 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
First, select the most wide-open half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae flower, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is omnidistance during plantation
Not using chemical fertilizer and pesticide, an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Worm is there is on the fresh half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae that will pluck
Sting, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-50 DEG C, and the freezing time is 10h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To-5 DEG C, then 1kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 4h, make the environment pressure of inside working chamber
Power reaches 10Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 10Pa, at microwave heating process
In, continuing on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 20 DEG C, microwave drying 2h, can be prepared by moisture content is
The lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 10%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-45 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
First, select just open standard-sized sheet Flos Rosae Rugosae flower, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae does not makes for whole process during plantation
With chemical fertilizer and pesticide, an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Generation insect bite on the fresh standard-sized sheet Flos Rosae Rugosae flower that will pluck,
Addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put on pallet to put into freeze by the standard-sized sheet Flos Rosae Rugosae flower completing pretreatment and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
Obtain freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-35 DEG C, and the freezing time is 15h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To 5 DEG C, then 3kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 4.5h, make the environment pressure of inside working chamber
Power reaches 60Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 60Pa, at microwave heating process
In, continuing on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 0 DEG C, microwave drying 4h, can be prepared by moisture content is 7%
Lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-50 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
First, select the most wide-open half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae flower, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is omnidistance during plantation
Not using chemical fertilizer and pesticide, an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Worm is there is on the fresh half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae that will pluck
Sting, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-50 DEG C, and the freezing time is 12h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To-10 DEG C, then 1kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 5h, make the environment pressure of inside working chamber
Power reaches 8Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 8Pa, at microwave heating process
In, continuing on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 30 DEG C, microwave drying 1h, can be prepared by moisture content is
The lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 1%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-40 DEG C；Can also utilize cold simultaneously
The moisture condensation Cheng Shuan extracted out from lyophilizing operating room is stayed in cold-trap chamber by trap, closes hull closure, wait cold-trap after lyophilizing completes
Frost in chamber can be opened the drain valve in cold-trap chamber and collect Flos Rosae Rugosae dew after melting.
Embodiment 5
First, select the most wide-open half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae flower, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is omnidistance during plantation
Not using chemical fertilizer and pesticide, an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Worm is there is on the fresh half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae that will pluck
Sting, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-50 DEG C, and the freezing time is 7h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To-2 DEG C, then 1.8kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 4.8h, make the ring of inside working chamber
Border pressure reaches 30Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 30Pa, at microwave heating
During, continue on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 15 DEG C, microwave drying 2.5h, can be prepared by aqueous
Rate is the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 3%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-45 DEG C；Can also utilize cold simultaneously
The moisture condensation Cheng Shuan extracted out from lyophilizing operating room is stayed in cold-trap chamber by trap, closes hull closure, wait cold-trap after lyophilizing completes
Frost in chamber can be opened the drain valve in cold-trap chamber and collect Flos Rosae Rugosae dew after melting.
Embodiment 6
First, select the Flos Rosae Rugosae flower of the most unopened bud shape, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is complete during plantation
Journey does not use chemical fertilizer and pesticide, and an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Occur on the new fresh-rose flower bud that will pluck
Insect bite, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the Flos Rosae Rugosae flower bud completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-46 DEG C, and the freezing time is 9h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To 2 DEG C, then 1.8kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 5h, make the environment pressure of inside working chamber
Power drops to 8Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 8Pa, at microwave heating process
In, continuing on refrigeration system and ensure that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 12 DEG C, microwave drying 2.5h, can be prepared by moisture content is
The lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 4%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-43 DEG C.
Embodiment 7
First, select the most wide-open half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae flower, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae is omnidistance during plantation
Not using chemical fertilizer and pesticide, an application of organic fertilizers carries out the Flos Rosae Rugosae cultivated.Worm is there is on the fresh half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae that will pluck
Sting, addle, the petal of damaged iso-metamorphism has removed pretreatment.
Then, it is put in the half-open Flos Rosae Rugosae completing pretreatment on pallet to put into freeze and on the support in storehouse, carries out freezing,
To freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae.
Wherein, the temperature freezing storehouse is-43 DEG C, and the freezing time is 11h；When pretreated Flos Rosae Rugosae is carried out freezing
Need to keep the petal portion of Flos Rosae Rugosae upward, calyx portion is positioned on narrow meshed pallet, and between every Flos Rosae Rugosae down
Leave gap, the most mutually extrude.
Subsequently, utilize the refrigeration system that microwave freeze dryer carries first by the temperature pre-cooling in the operating room of microwave freeze dryer
To-2 DEG C, then 2.7kg freezing Flos Rosae Rugosae is put in operating room, open vacuum pump and keep 4h, make the environment of inside working chamber
Pressure reaches 17Pa, opens microwave and continues evacuation, keeps work indoor environment pressure to be maintained at 17Pa, in microwave heating mistake
Cheng Zhong, continues on refrigeration system and ensures that the temperature in operating room is maintained at 16 DEG C, and microwave drying 3.5h can be prepared by moisture content
It it is the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae of 6%.
Wherein, during whole microwave freeze dryer works while freeze dryer inside is carried out vacuum exhaust process
Between lyophilizing operating room and vacuum pump, it is connected to cold-trap equipment further trapped by the steam of inside working chamber, and strengthens
Vacuum effectiveness, promotes the degree of drying of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae, and the operating temperature of cold-trap equipment is-42 DEG C.
Lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae and traditional heating oven drying method that the Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process that relatively present invention provides makes make
Flos Rosae Rugosae dry flower:
Respectively according to embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and the rose of embodiment 7
Rare colored microwave freeze drying process produces 7 kinds of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosaes, and then the mode according still further to heating, drying is prepared another kind of Flos Rosae Rugosae and done
Flower as a control group 1, above-mentioned heating, drying mode is: bakes 3h at 45 DEG C～50 DEG C, is then warmed up to 50 DEG C～55 DEG C bakings
5h, is further warmed up to 55 DEG C～60 DEG C and bakes 8h until obtaining final Flos Rosae Rugosae dry flower.
The Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared according to above-mentioned 8 kinds of techniques is soaked in neutrality, acid and alkaline water respectively, compares respectively
Plant the Flos Rosae Rugosae of preparation under technique and be soaked in the color in the water that acid-base value is different.Anthocyanidin does not develops the color in neutral water,
Aobvious redness in acid water, aobvious blueness in alkaline water.Observe the Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared under more above-mentioned 8 kinds of techniques in profile simultaneously
On difference.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 1.
Under each processing technique of table 1, the Flos Rosae Rugosae of preparation is immersed in soup pornographic condition and finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae in the water of various pH value
Petal and the color of holder
| Type | PH=6.0 | PH=7.0 | PH=8.0 | Petal | Holder |
| Embodiment 1 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 2 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 3 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 4 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 5 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 6 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Embodiment 7 | Red | Colourless | Blue | Scarlet | Emerald green |
| Matched group 1 | Faint yellow | Faint yellow | Faint yellow | Reddish yellow is mingled with | Yellowish green |
As it can be seen from table 1 owing to traditional heating, drying temperature is more than 40 DEG C, cause the anthocyanidin in Flos Rosae Rugosae to suffer
Serious destruction, almost without the residual of anthocyanidin in the finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae that traditional heating is dried, so with the water of various pH
After the Flos Rosae Rugosae processing tradition is soaked, the color of water all presents flaxen, the Flos Rosae Rugosae simultaneously prepared by traditional handicraft
Flower finished product, petal color is partially yellow, the color of holder part presents yellow green, and overall sense organ and fresh rose flower differ greatly；And adopt
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave by the embodiment of the present invention 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7
Each finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by freeze drying process is all using relatively low temperature to carry out due to dry whole process, the temperature of each process procedure
Degree is all less than 40 DEG C, so still remaining substantial amounts of anthocyanidin in the finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae made, with the water logging of various pH
After bubble, water presents different colors, and when pH=6.0, water presents obvious redness；When pH=7.0, water presents colourless；At pH
When=8.0, water presents obvious blueness, uses lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by the technique of the embodiment of the present invention, the face of petal simultaneously
Color still keeps scarlet, and the color of holder is emerald green, and overall sense organ and flower difference are less, and organoleptic quality is good.
Relatively before step of freeze drying, the lyophilizing operating room pre-cooling impact on finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae quality:
If Flos Rosae Rugosae pre-cooling completed is put in the operating room of non-pre-cooling, Flos Rosae Rugosae can be broken because of the bigger temperature difference
Damaging, this pole is unfavorable for the quality of finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae, and prepared Flos Rosae Rugosae percentage of damage is higher.Respectively according to embodiment 1, embodiment 2,
The Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process of embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7 carries out lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae
Preparation, after both operating room being carried out pre-cooling in various degree, then puts into operating room by pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae and carries out lyophilizing；And, its
He is carried out according to embodiment 1 step, but, operating room is not carried out at pre-cooling before pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae is put into lyophilizing operating room
Managing, the operating room's temperature not carrying out pre-cooling knowable to measurement is 20 DEG C, and it is right for pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae is put into this operating room carrying out lyophilizing
According to group 2；Relatively the percentage of damage of finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by above-mentioned 8 prescription methods, the results are shown in Table 2.
The percentage of damage of the finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae that each processing method of table 2 is made
From table 2 it can be seen that due to embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and reality
Execute in the Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process of example 7 and all before pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae puts into lyophilizing operating room, operating room has been carried out at pre-cooling
Reason, the percentage of damage of finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared is low, Flos Rosae Rugosae best in quality；And lyophilizing operating room is not carried out by matched group 2
Precooling treatment so that pre-cooling Flos Rosae Rugosae ruptures after running into the big temperature difference, causes the finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae being finally made broken serious,
Finished product Flos Rosae Rugosae quality extreme difference.
In sum, lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by the Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process that the embodiment of the present invention provides is to utilize food
With Flos Rosae Rugosae, prepare through pretreatment, freezing and microwave freeze-drying technology, due to links whole in the technique that the present invention provides
Temperature is all not above 40 DEG C, so still containing in the finished product lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared of the technique utilizing the embodiment of the present invention to provide
Substantial amounts of anthocyanidin so that utilize the anti-ageing health-care effect of waiting for a long time of lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by embodiment of the present invention technique to be better than passing
Flos Rosae Rugosae prepared by system heating, drying.Meanwhile, utilize the technique of the embodiment of the present invention in addition to can preparing lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae
Flos Rosae Rugosae dew can also be collected, improve the utilization ratio of fresh rose flower further, and this Flos Rosae Rugosae dew have sterilization,
The effect such as moisturizing, beauty treatment.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description executing example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected enforcement of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Every other embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Pre-treatment step: remove the petal that Flos Rosae Rugosae is rotten, obtain pretreatment flower；
Freezing step: described pretreatment flower is placed in freezing 7h～15h in the environment of temperature is less than or equal to-35 DEG C and obtains pre-cooling
Flower；
Microwave step of freeze drying: the temperature of the operating room of freeze dryer is cooled to-10 DEG C～5 DEG C in advance, is placed in described pre-cooling flower
In the described operating room of pre-cooling, keeping the ambient pressure in described operating room at 8Pa～60Pa, temperature is 0 DEG C～30 DEG C of scopes
Interior to carrying out microwave heating in described operating room, until the moisture content of described pre-cooling flower is below 10%, obtain lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae
Flower.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pretreatment flower freezing 8h～
Described pre-cooling flower is obtained after 12h.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described pretreatment flower freezing 9h～
Described pre-cooling flower is obtained after 11h.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microwave heating is in described work
Indoor temperature is carried out under the conditions of being 10 DEG C～20 DEG C.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described operating room is carried out described micro-
The time of Wave heating is 1h～4h.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described microwave step of freeze drying, institute
The temperature of the described operating room stating freeze dryer is cooled to-5 DEG C～0 DEG C in advance.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described freezing step is in being provided with pallet
Freeze in storehouse and complete, described pretreatment flower is placed away from described pallet, calyx portion by petal portion in the way of described pallet.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in described microwave step of freeze drying, make
Controlling the ambient pressure in described operating room with vacuum pump, described vacuum pump is communicated with the cold-trap for collecting Flos Rosae Rugosae dew.
Flos Rosae Rugosae microwave freeze drying process the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the temperature of described cold-trap is-50 DEG C
～-40 DEG C.
10. the lyophilizing Flos Rosae Rugosae that prepared by the method as described in any one of claim 1 to 9.
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