CN105405685A - Disconnecting switch contact material and processing technology therefor - Google Patents
Disconnecting switch contact material and processing technology therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105405685A CN105405685A CN201510910003.3A CN201510910003A CN105405685A CN 105405685 A CN105405685 A CN 105405685A CN 201510910003 A CN201510910003 A CN 201510910003A CN 105405685 A CN105405685 A CN 105405685A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- silver
- tungsten carbide
- particle diameter
- solder
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0231—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material provided with a solder layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0233—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing carbides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a disconnecting switch contact material and a preparation method therefor. The electrical contact material body comprises the components of 45-73 wt% of tungsten carbide, less than 0.05% of nickel and the balance of silver; a welding layer comprises the components of 40-60% of silver, 20-30% of copper and the balance of at least one kind of zinc or phosphorus; the grain diameter of the tungsten carbide is 0.7-4 um; the tungsten carbide can replaced by C powder; the ratio of tungsten to titanium in the C powder is 7-8:3-2; and the C powder can be replaced by W powder or Ti powder. By adoption of the preparation method, the silver solder can be adhered to the surface of the electrical contact product at a lower cost to enable the joint between the solder and the electrical contact product to be firmer so as to reduce the risk of a quality problem caused by welding; the technology is not limited to the only condition that the silver tungsten carbide material is covered with the solder; in fact, the technology is applicable to production of flake-shaped, strip-shaped and all other products containing silver electrical contacts; and the contact products are widely applied to various levels of high voltage electric apparatuses, low voltage electric apparatuses, and vacuum switches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallic composite, particularly relate to a kind of material and processing technology thereof of isolation switch contact.
Technical background
Vacuum circuit-breaker needs following requirement to contact: high current breaking capacity; Low shut off value; Good voltage carrying capacity; Low and stable contact resistance and temperature rise; Comparatively high abrasion and anti-melting welding ability; But these require contradiction each other, all these requirements can not be met with a kind of metal.Such as, current breaking capacity and shut off value are subject to the impact of material melting point and vapour pressure.Vapour pressure is high, and alloy has very highly listens shut off value, and on the contrary, then current breaking capacity can be subject to obvious impact.Thus, in the alloy material of a lot of practical application, element that can be complementary to its not enough performance of major general two kinds is combined.
At present, in view of the diversity of load, more and more higher to the requirement of vacuum circuit-breaker.As having faradic vacuum circuit-breaker for interrupting, except requiring good voltage carrying capacity, low and stable contact resistance and temperature rise, often require that vacuum circuit-breaker has contact material as required low shut off value and large current breaking capacity.
As have you shut off value contact have: with melting method produce Guillaume metal (bismuth-containing mostly is 0.5wt% or 10.0% etc.The kuttern mechanism of action is identical with Guillaume metal, and feature is similar), the copper chromium contact produced by sintering and infiltration method.
Guillaume metal contact, its shut off value is guaranteed by the selective evaporation of bismuth, because bismuth has suitable vapour pressure.Meanwhile, bismuth exists with the form be separated at crystal grain borders, alloy is died down, thus has good anti-melting welding ability.But the reactance voltage ability of bismuth alloy contact and the current breaking capacity of vacuum circuit-breaker have obvious negative interaction.And, along with access times increase, because of the volatilization of bismuth, the low performance of damming of alloy contact progressively degenerates.
For chromiumcopper, at high temperature chromium and copper have good thermal characteristics, contact material has excellent performance at anti-high pressure and high-current on-off aspect of performance, its discontinuous current performance (performance of damming) also shows quite excellent performance, but chromiumcopper in resistance fusion welding energy to being imperfect in miniaturized circuit breaker, larger breakaway is needed than the operating mechanism (miniaturized circuit breaker) with Guillaume metal contact because driving the operating mechanism of cu cr contact material, waste economically, copper chromium makes alloy be used for the bulky switch such as vacuum load switch.
Meanwhile, for a long time, electrical contact product producer is responsible for manufacturing qualified product, uses business according to the technique of oneself, using Ag-Cu-Zn or silver-bearing copper phosphorus solder when adding scaling powder, contact product being welded on copper stent.Because electrical equipment manufacturer Chang Yin is unfamiliar with the material property of contact, adopted welding material is engaged with electrical contact product matrix firm not, use often because problems of welded quality affects power supply quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of silver-colored diamondite contact material of high resistance melting welding, improve serviceability and the useful life of contact, carry the operation that solder facilitates electrical equipment manufacturer simultaneously, this solder that can make engages with electrical contact product matrix more firmly, reduces the quality problems risk because welding produces.Another object of the present invention is the preparation method of the silver-colored diamondite contact material providing high resistance melting welding.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of material of isolation switch contact, it is characterized in that, bulk composition comprises: tungsten carbide 45 ~ 73wt%, nickel is less than 0.05%, Yu Weiyin.Weld layer composition comprises: silver 40 ~ 60%, copper 20 ~ 30%, remaining is zinc or phosphorus at least one.Tungsten carbide particle particle diameter is that 0.7 ~ 4um. tungsten carbide can adopt C (W.Ti) powder to substitute, and in C (W.Ti) powder, tungsten is about 7 ~ 8: 3 ~ 2 with the ratio of titanium.
A material preparation method for isolation switch contact, comprises the following steps:
1) first silver powder, tungsten carbide powder are crossed sieve classification, selected specific particle diameter.
2) by the silver powder with the first particle diameter and the tungsten-carbide powder with the second particle diameter in 1 ~ 1.5: 9 ~ 8.5 ratio carry out mixed powder, by repeatedly (at least more than secondary) repeatedly shaping crushing hot process make the A powder of the 3rd particle diameter being greater than first and second particle diameter;
3) by adding oxalates or the nitrate solution of nickel in A powder, accompanying even, when adding oxalates or the nitrate solution of nickel, guaranteeing that the final composition of nickel is less than in 0.05% scope;
4) powder compaction of above-mentioned oven dry is become material, molding blank porosity, 30% ~ 50%, can adjust porosity according to the ultimate constituent in scope;
5) in high temperature sintering furnace to compressing blank preliminary treatment, pretreatment temperature is 850 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, 5 minutes ~ 120 minutes time, hydrogen atmosphere protect;
6) burn the blank leaching after preheating, sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C and carries out leaching burning, 2 ~ 3 hours time;
7) adopt mechanical means to carry out preliminary treatment in the silver solder powder of mentioned component, anneal 2 ~ 3 hours for 400 DEG C ~ 450 DEG C in hydrogen, obtain B powder, B powder has laminated structure, or the powder with sheet at least should account for more than 60wt%.
8) at least one in the group of methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose composition is joined in terpinol or glycerol, add in the ratio of 1: 23 ~ 25; 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C heat treatments, 30 minutes time was made into organic slurry to 180 minutes; By mechanical means, B powder is added slurry, accompany even, preserve lower than less than 10 DEG C temperature;
9) neatly discharged by the electrical contact of leaching burnt together lattice, slurry is evenly coated in product surface, 300 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C stage intensification heat treatments in hydrogen, 2 ~ 3 hours total times, taking-up product carries out following process and obtains qualified products.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
Adopt the present invention can low cost silver solder is attached to electrical contact product surface, solder being engaged with electrical contact product matrix more firm, reducing the quality problems risk because welding generation.This technology is not restricted to be overlayed on by solder on silver-colored tungsten carbide material. and in fact, it is all containing silver electric contact product that it is applicable to production sheet, band etc., and contact product is widely used on the high pressure of various grade, low-voltage electrical apparatus and vacuum switch.
Embodiment
For silver-colored diamondite contact, it has excellent low performance of damming, mainly because: having of WC helps electron emission; Under arcing, WC easily decomposes; Due to the vibration of the electric field of electron emission, because the evaporation on the contact material surface that is heated is accelerated, and silver has higher vapour pressure.Current breaking capacity and the shut off value of alloy contact can be changed according to data introduction by the content changing anti-arc composition WC, make contact reach good combination property.Meanwhile, the consistency of preventing arc composition as the size alloy material shut off value of WC particle has impact clearly, also has negative impact to material anti-pressure ability.Due to infiltrating factor between silver and tungsten carbide, produce in the prior art of silver-colored tungsten carbide material, often add more sintering agent as FeCo and Ni, add sintering agent to contribute to obtaining organizing more outstanding material, more obvious when especially adopting fine grain tungsten carbide powder to produce silver-colored tungsten carbide material, but add too much sintering agent in the material, can because sintering agent forms a skim on preventing arc composition surface, thus affect hot electron heating, negative effect is formed to the performance of material.
Through meticulously optimizing, have employed the granularity of the thin tungsten carbide powder of 0.7 ~ 4um as preventing arc composition.During tungsten carbide powder fine size, easily cause difficult forming, molding blank mesopore rate is too high.Meanwhile, add less or do not add sintering agent as far as possible, production technology newly developed have employed following two: 1 pair of mixed powder and granulates, and granulates and takes repeatedly shaping, broken and heat-treating methods, make silver-colored composition form larger particle together with tungsten carbide burl.When larger particle ensure that shaping, the porosity of powder base and the percentage of head rice of base substrate.Meanwhile, because of bonding together of two kinds of compositions, to ensureing that the uniformity that material is finally organized has very large benefit.In fact, after being processed by this technique, the distance in material between preventing arc ingredient granules reaches quite uniform effect.2 pairs shaping after base substrate carry out preheating, preheating breaches the restriction of not crossing silver point in prior art, takes the High Temperature Pre process of 850 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C.Guarantee after pre-burning, under silver and tungsten carbide particle have been in good wet face state, a good induction is burnt to follow-up leaching.
The another breakthrough that one deck silver solder is this technique is enclosed at alloy material surface, mainly based on following understanding and knowledge: the Ag-Cu-Zn or silver-bearing copper phosphorus solder powder of determining composition are processed into sheet, be carrier by organic slurry, powder is evenly coated in product surface, by follow-up rational heat treatment, silver matrix in powder and alloy is well became one, guarantees high-quality when welding.The operation preparing solder is saved to Related product simultaneously, decreased the various interpolation auxiliary agents to human body and bad environmental.
During preparation, silver powder is crossed 500 mesh sieves, tungsten carbide powder carries out sorting, obtains the tungsten carbide powder that particle diameter is 0.8um, by silver powder and tungsten carbide powder in 10: 90 ratio mix, add the nickel oxalate solution calculated, accompany even, dry.Carry out heat-treating for 500 DEG C/2 hours to powder, with the pressure forming of 6 tons/cm2, broken; Heat treatment in 600 DEG C/2 hours, with the pressure forming of 6 tons/cm2, broken; Heat treatment in 680 DEG C/2 hours, with the pressure forming of 6 tons/cm2, broken; Last with the pressure forming of 7 ~ 8 tons/cm2, blank porosity is 41.2%.980 DEG C/30 minutes preheatings, together soak burning by the blank after ready fine silver and pre-burning.
Ag-Cu-Zn solder powder to be carried out in planetary ball mill ball milling 20 minutes, in hydrogen, process 2 hours, sorting of sieving.Join in terpinol by calculating ethyl cellulose accurately, 150 DEG C of heat treatment 30 minutes, is made into organic slurry.By the mode of rolling, organic slurry is fully mixed with the ready solder powder of money, obtain finished product solder slurry, be stored in the refrigerator of 4 DEG C for subsequent use.
By good for the blank code in good order of leaching burnt together lattice, take and calculate solder slurry accurately, evenly apply.650 DEG C of heat treatment 2 hours in hydrogen.Blank with solder is suppressed, obtains finished product.
Producing tungsten carbide powder granularity by same mode is 1.0um, 3.0 and the silver-colored tungsten carbide material of 4.0um.
Material property is as follows: sequence number AgWCWC granularity um hardness MPa density g/cm3 resistance u Ω .cm151.248.70.8175112.483.15250.349.651.0178912.633.2034 9.950.063.0190212.553.17450.249.764.0180212.573.07
The silver-colored tungsten carbide material produced according to the method described above successfully passes the type approval test of user.
Claims (2)
1. a material for isolation switch contact, is characterized in that, bulk composition comprises: tungsten carbide 45 ~ 73wt%, and nickel is less than 0.05%, Yu Weiyin; Weld layer composition comprises: silver 40 ~ 60%, copper 20 ~ 30%, and remaining is zinc or phosphorus at least one; Tungsten carbide particle particle diameter is 0.7 ~ 4um, and tungsten carbide particle can be substituted by C powder, and in C powder, tungsten is about 7 ~ 8: 3 ~ 2 with the ratio of titanium.
2. prepare a method for the silver-tungsten carbide base electric contact material of high resistance fusion welding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. first silver powder, tungsten carbide powder are crossed sieve classification, selected specific particle diameter;
2. by the silver powder with the first particle diameter and the tungsten-carbide powder with the second particle diameter in 1 ~ 1.5: 9 ~ 8.5 ratio carry out mixed powder, by more than at least secondary repeatedly shaping crushing hot process make the A powder of the 3rd particle diameter being greater than first and second particle diameter;
3. by adding oxalates or the nitrate solution of nickel in A powder, accompanying even, when adding oxalates or the nitrate solution of nickel, guaranteeing that the final composition of nickel is less than in 0.05% scope;
4. the powder compaction of above-mentioned oven dry is become material, molding blank porosity is 30% ~ 50%;
5. in high temperature sintering furnace to compressing blank preliminary treatment, pretreatment temperature is 850 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, 5 minutes ~ 120 minutes time, hydrogen atmosphere protect;
6. burn the blank leaching after preheating, sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C and carries out leaching burning, 2 ~ 3 hours time;
7. adopt mechanical means to carry out preliminary treatment in the silver solder powder of mentioned component, anneal 2 ~ 3 hours for 400 DEG C ~ 450 DEG C in hydrogen, obtain B powder, B powder has laminated structure, or the powder with sheet at least should account for more than 60wt%;
8. at least one in the group of methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose composition is joined in terpinol or glycerol, add in the ratio of 1: 23 ~ 25; 100 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C heat treatments, 30 minutes time was made into organic slurry to 180 minutes; By mechanical means, B powder is added slurry, accompany even, preserve lower than less than 10 DEG C temperature;
9. neatly discharged by the electrical contact of leaching burnt together lattice, slurry is evenly coated in product surface, 300 DEG C ~ 650 DEG C stage intensification heat treatments in hydrogen, 2 ~ 3 hours total times, taking-up product carries out following process and obtains qualified products.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510910003.3A CN105405685A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | Disconnecting switch contact material and processing technology therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510910003.3A CN105405685A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | Disconnecting switch contact material and processing technology therefor |
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| CN105405685A true CN105405685A (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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| CN201510910003.3A Pending CN105405685A (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2015-12-10 | Disconnecting switch contact material and processing technology therefor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105861864A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-08-17 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of alloy electrical contact material |
| CN107946111A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | A kind of long bullion graphite contact material and the quick composite preparation process of solder band |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5896833A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-09 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Electric contact material |
| CN1858867A (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2006-11-08 | 靖江市海源有色金属材料有限公司 | Silver-tungsten carbide base electric contact material of high anti-melting and welding property and its processing process |
| CN103290359A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 西安工程大学 | Preparation method of silver tungsten carbide contact alloy |
-
2015
- 2015-12-10 CN CN201510910003.3A patent/CN105405685A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5896833A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-09 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Electric contact material |
| CN1858867A (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2006-11-08 | 靖江市海源有色金属材料有限公司 | Silver-tungsten carbide base electric contact material of high anti-melting and welding property and its processing process |
| CN103290359A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 西安工程大学 | Preparation method of silver tungsten carbide contact alloy |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105861864A (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2016-08-17 | 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of alloy electrical contact material |
| CN107946111A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | A kind of long bullion graphite contact material and the quick composite preparation process of solder band |
| CN107946111B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-08-30 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | A kind of long bullion graphite contact material and the quick composite preparation process of solder band |
| US10818447B2 (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2020-10-27 | Wenzhou Hongfeng Electrical Alloy Co., Ltd | Preparation method of rapid composite of long silver-graphite electrical contact material and solder strip material |
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Application publication date: 20160316 |