CN105404850A - Station passenger flow monitoring system, station passenger flow monitoring method, station passenger flow control system and station passenger flow control method - Google Patents
Station passenger flow monitoring system, station passenger flow monitoring method, station passenger flow control system and station passenger flow control method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
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Abstract
The invention relates to a station passenger flow monitoring system, a station passenger flow monitoring method, a station passenger flow control system and a station passenger flow control method. The monitoring system comprises a data acquisition system and a data processing system, wherein the data acquisition system comprises multiple infrared mounting, video counting and gate counting equipment arranged in a station, and the equipment is respectively connected with the data processing system. The monitoring method comprises steps that, the station is divided into a non-charging zone, a charging zone and a platform zone, the three zones are further divided through setting security equipment and outgoing and incoming gates, acquired data is further transmitted through the infrared counting and gate counting equipment to the data processing system for processing, and outgoing and incoming two-directional passenger flows of the three zones are acquired. The station passenger flow control system is on the basis of a monitoring system added with a control decision making module; for the control method, a station passenger flow can be effectively controlled through the control decision making module.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to safety of urban transit and contingency management technical field, particularly relate to the monitoring of a kind of station passenger flow, managing and control system and the monitoring of station passenger flow, management-control method.
Background technology
Along with the progressively quickening of Chinese society expanding economy, particularly urbanization, Development of China's Urbanization, increasing population pours in large-and-medium size cities, this for city be filled with life while also increase the traffic pressure in city.At present, subway worker for passenger flow management and control work pay abundant attention, and all establishes pointed passenger flow management and control prediction scheme, serves the effect that large passenger flow controls to a certain extent.But the following problem of ubiquity: (1) passenger flow real-time distribution state often can only rely on artificial visually examine or video monitoring carries out guestimate, subjective randomness is comparatively large, accuracy is not high; (2) formulation of interior large passenger flow management and control prediction scheme of standing mainly relies on empiricism, often requires that managerial personnel are very familiar to station situation, and has abundant passenger flow management and control experience; (3) clear judgement is lacked to the streamline in passenger flow AT STATION solid space and dynamic evolution mechanism, cause management and control decision-making to lack certain science, have impact on giving full play to of efficiency of operation; (4) hysteresis quality is existed for the judgement starting passenger flow control, cause management and control measure to implement in time.
In passenger flow monitoring, Li Na, Fang Weining propose the algorithm of combining adaptive background difference and ratio adaptive template coupling to identify crowd's number and distribution in subway station.With background subtraction to Image Segmentation Using, and then proportion of utilization adaptive template carries out search coupling to interested region, the number of identification target group and position distribution are (see Li Na, Fang Weining. based on subway people multiple targets identification [J] of video flowing. Beijing Jiaotong University's journal, 2006,30 (1): 96-99.).Haitao Liu proposes the urban track traffic for passenger flow real-time monitoring system based on ticket information, devise overall architecture and the detailed algorithm of urban track traffic for passenger flow monitoring system, propose the transport phenomenon that blocks up of passenger flow, having formulated with computing machine queuing theory is the form operation method analytic approach of basic solution, for analyze and follow the tracks of passenger flow flowing provide powerful measure (see Haitao Liu. based on the research [D] of the urban track traffic for passenger flow real-time monitoring system of ticket information. Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011.).Chen Liang adopts the means of optical flow method video analysis, metro passenger flow monitoring and measuring application is studied, by the intensity of passenger flow in estimation background frame, in conjunction with corresponding traffic parameter (as speed, time etc.), crowded state in automatic decision appointed area, and timely trigger alarm (see Chen Liang. based on the application [J] of Video Analysis Technology in metro passenger flow monitoring of optical flow method. city rail traffic, 2013,10 (1): 58-62.).
But above monitoring method all exists certain defect: the algorithm of combining adaptive background difference and ratio adaptive template coupling, comparatively large at the lower time error of passenger flow mobility, cannot accuracy requirement be met; Use ticketing data information realizes statistics, the method for Predicting and analysis urban track traffic operation state service has obvious hysteresis quality; The computational accuracy of means to intensity of passenger flow of optical flow method video analysis is lower, and process reliability is not high.
Current domestic most subway station adopts gate counting, the method for human eye eye estimate and subregion video monitoring carrys out Trip distribution situation in acquisition station.But above method can not obtain the Trip distribution data in subway station: gate counting can only record the total number of persons entering subway platform and paid area, and can not learn the concrete effective strength being distributed in each region comprehensively and exactly; There is larger error judgment in human eye eye estimate, and subjective randomness is very large; The problem of video observation is that station internal area is comparatively large, causes Platform attendant to have heavy monitoring workload, is difficult to Timeliness coverage unusual condition.The emerging technology of video count has been introduced in Some Domestic one line city, but is limited to the development of video image processing technology, and the passenger flow dynamic monitoring based on video count exists limitation.
In passenger flow security management and control, Shi little Jun describes the cardinal rule of subway station passenger organization, analyze the factor affecting subway station passenger organization, in conjunction with Tianjin Metro Line No.1 passenger organization example, brief analysis station take when tackling large passenger flow organiztion measure (see Shi little Jun. the organiztion measure [J] of subway station reply large passenger flow. Urban Mass Transit .2009 (10) .).Also there is scholar in the passenger flow control technique study of urban transportation transfer stop, determine the handling capacity at reference mark according to the maximum transmission capacity at station, thus form complete passenger flow control scheme; Also have scholar in urban track traffic passenger flow outburst Transportation Organization technique study, propose concrete organiztion measure during reply passenger flow outburst.
From above-mentioned documents and materials, at present the traffic administration in large passenger flow situation is analyzed to the summary of experience of mainly some large-scale activity traffic administrations, the specific aim of research object is very strong, and some theories do not have universality; The research of urban track traffic for passenger flow is mainly for the passenger flow estimation of planning stage, and inquiring into more is the improvement of passenger flow forecasting and the foundation of relevant evaluation system, and analyzes less for the passenger flow management and control of operation stage.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, overcome the deficiency and defect mentioned in above background technology, there is provided a kind of can accurately, in real time, obtain station flow monitoring system for passenger and the monitoring method of each region, station volume of the flow of passengers accurately, also provide a kind of and can improve passenger flow management and control efficiency, be convenient to dredge passenger flow, the station passenger flow managing and control system preventing large passenger flow accident from occurring and management-control method in station.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of station flow monitoring system for passenger, and described station flow monitoring system for passenger comprises data acquisition system (DAS), data handling system and data-storage system; Described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular, described infrared monitoring module is included in multiple infrared counting equipment that each Security Inspection Office of station is arranged, described video identification monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage video identification counting equipment of station subway concourse, station platform, the installing of station corridor mouth, and described gate counting monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage gate counting equipment of station into and out of the installing of gate place, station; Described infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular is all connected to described data handling system by data line, and described data handling system is connected to data-storage system.Described station particularly preferably refers to subway station.The primary data that gathers of aforesaid infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular comprises the direction of the number in turnover cross section, corresponding time and passenger flow.People flow rate's (this people flow rate can be used for prediction) of unit interval can be obtained after these initial data transfer to data handling system.Data handling system can obtain the real-time number distribution in each region according to the above primary data gathered, and can also obtain real-time people's Flow Velocity of each partition equipment simultaneously.In addition, aforesaid infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment are all by commercial acquisition.
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow monitoring method, comprises the following steps:
1) by partition equipment, place, station solid space is divided at least three regions, that is: non-payment district B
1, paid area B
2, platform district B
3;
2) by arranging rays safety detection apparatus, described non-payment zoning is divided into non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area; Described non-Mag & Bag Area is communicated with outside station; Described Mag & Bag Area and paid area are separated into and out of station gate by arranging; Paid area and platform distinguished separate by arranging stand up and down elevator or stair;
3) infrared counting equipment is set at rays safety detection apparatus place, is installing gate counting equipment into and out of gate place, station; At elevator or the stair place installing video identification counting equipment of standing up and down;
4) data gathered separately are delivered to a data handling system by described infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment, obtain entering non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively I
1, I
2, I
3, obtain leaving non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively O
1, O
2, O
3;
5) data handling system is to the I obtained
1, I
2, I
3and O
1, O
2, O
3carry out data processing, draw the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of turnover in non-payment district in the unit interval, paid area, platform district, and it is for subsequent use to be stored into data-storage system; Also can be calculated the real-time number distribution in each region, station by the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of the crucial tie point in each region, also can be stored into data-storage system after suitably revising for subsequent use.
In technique scheme of the present invention, comprehensively have employed infrared technology, video identification technology etc., the important tie point of the passenger flow streamlines such as the turnover exit AT STATION, Security Inspection Office, entrance gate place, subway concourse elevator & stairs place and platform region is deployed to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities, Real-Time Monitoring passengers quantity and passenger flows to, with the volume of the flow of passengers situation in Nei Ge region, Dynamic Acquisition station.Consider that each timing point passenger flow is passed through feature, technique scheme of the present invention AT STATION in different tie points have employed different counting modes: infrared counting equipment is set in Security Inspection Office, the number entering non-payment district is added up; To enter the station gate place at subway, obtain by gate counting equipment the passengers quantity entering paid area; Video identification counting equipment is installed at important channel mouth between subway concourse and platform, stair activity mouth and lift port place, adopts video identification technology statistics to enter the passengers quantity of platform.By infrared counting, gate counting and video count, the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of turnover of non-payment district and paid area can be obtained.
In the technical scheme of the invention described above, the precision of infrared counting equipment can reach 97%, the precision of gate counting equipment is close to 100%, and video identification counting equipment then can reach 96%, and the integrated application of these technology can meet the accuracy requirement of station of the present invention flow monitoring system for passenger.
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow managing and control system, comprise management and control decision-making module and above-mentioned station flow monitoring system for passenger, described management and control decision-making module comprises passenger flow estimation module, schemes generation module and early warning information release module; The input end of described passenger flow estimation module is connected to data-storage system by data line, the output terminal of described passenger flow estimation module is connected to the schemes generation module based on triode control embodiment by data line, and described early warning information release module comprises display and signal prior-warning device; Described schemes generation module is connected to display display management and control decision scheme by data line; Described schemes generation module is also connected to signal prior-warning device, and signal prior-warning device sends early warning signal according to the management and control decision scheme of schemes generation module in good time.
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of station passenger flow management-control method, comprises the following steps:
1) by the volume of the flow of passengers at station flow monitoring system for passenger monitoring station, and the volume of the flow of passengers data storing gathering station is in data-storage system;
2) forecast model is set up, according to the Trip distribution in each region, station after the volume of the flow of passengers data prediction Tmin called from data-storage system;
3) the passenger flow forecast data that the real-time passenger flow data obtained by described station flow monitoring system for passenger and management and control decision-making module generate are input in management and control decision-making module, after being judged, generate dynamic security management and control decision scheme by management and control decision-making module; Described dynamic security management and control decision scheme generates based on three grades of passenger flow control principles;
4) described dynamic security management and control decision scheme outputs in display, and carries out early warning by early warning information release module in good time.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, described station flow monitoring system for passenger preferably adopts the station flow monitoring system for passenger of the invention described above.Accordingly, the step 1 of above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method) the preferred station passenger flow monitoring method adopting the invention described above.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, preferably, described step 2) in: the volume of the flow of passengers data called from data-storage system comprise real-time passenger flow data and the history passenger flow data of station flow monitoring system for passenger collection acquisition; Described history passenger flow data comprises horizontal historical data and longitudinal historical data, and horizontal historical data is the Trip distribution data in a period of time on same day T, longitudinal historical data be in certain time limit every day in the Trip distribution data of this same time point.Due to be predict Tmin according to the data variation trend on the same day and other parameters after number, therefore the value of T generally need not be too large herein.Consider the peak period tidal regime of the station volume of the flow of passengers, for the observation data predicted preferably half an hour by one hour within, concrete scope can determine according to station actual conditions.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, preferably, described step 2) in: described predicted time Tmin is generally different from the difference at station, preferably implements reaction time of management and control decision scheme and train by station employees and starts frequency and jointly determine.
Above-mentioned station passenger flow management-control method, preferably, described forecast model sets up based on the historical data inputted to obtain, described historical data is the continuous data of at least carrying out recording at interval of 5 seconds based on seasonal effect in time series, selects Forecasting Methodology to comprise artificial neural network method, time series method and Cellular Automata Simulation method.Wherein, a kind of preferred as follows based on seasonal effect in time series curve fitting method:
For the passenger flow estimation in short-term on the same day, along with peak period beginning and disappear, in the short time, the people flow rate of each passage can regard linear relationship as, and in this time period, the volume of the flow of passengers curve in each region can be similar to and regard quafric curve as.For the same time section of consecutive identical characteristic day, the number in each region also has identical feature, can regard linear change as, correction of can testing to predicting the outcome by approximate for the volume of the flow of passengers of the synchronization of same characteristic features day.Refer to that passenger flow change presents the date of same period change same characteristic features day, use identical route map of train, general according to whether be working day, joint day before yesterday, after joint day and festivals or holidays choose.
1. forecast model: remember in the real-time number of moment t region i and be
historical data in same day certain hour before moment t pushes away forward and is followed successively by
if matched curve is p ' (t)=a '+b ' t+c ' t
2, then can obtain a ' according to least square method, b ', c ' meet:
Solve: a '=a '
0, b '=b '
0, c '=c '
0; Then matched curve is: p ' (t)=a '
0+ b '
0t+c '
0t
2; Then after predicted time Δ t, the prediction number of region i is: p '
i (t+ Δ t)=a '
0+ b '
0(t+ Δ t)+c '
0(t+ Δ t)
2.
2. the inspection of curve: adopt K.Pearson χ
2method of inspection.Statistical hypothesis is H
0: p (t)=p ' (t), H
1: p (t) ≠ p ' (t). test statistics is
get common level of significance α=0.1 time, the region of rejection of test statistics is:
according to the statistical test amount χ that historical data and fitting theory value calculate
2size, if result of calculation does not drop on region of rejection, then accept this fit equation, carry out the correction that next step predicts the outcome.If result of calculation drops on region of rejection, then fitting effect is not good, is modified by above-mentioned model, and the number of times increasing matched curve carries out calculating and checking, until assay meets the requirements.
3. the correction of predicted data: correction model is as follows, note same characteristic features day correspondence moment t time domain i number with this push away forward into:
if matched curve is p " (t)=a "+b " t then can obtain a according to least square method ", b " meet:
Solve: a "=a "
0, b " and=b '
0; Then matched curve is:
then after predicted time Δ t, the prediction number of region i is: p "
i (t+ Δ t)=a "
0+ b "
0(t+ Δ t).This result can reflect that passenger flow is in periodically variable feature, by the actual value of current time and upper current time two differences predicted the outcome to predicting that the predicted value in moment is revised.Note current time t
0time observation data be
1. the result that middle forecast model calculates is p '
i(t
0), correction model 3. result of calculation is p "
i(t
0); The result that during prediction moment t+ Δ t, 1. middle forecast model calculates is p '
i(t+ Δ t), correction model 3. result of calculation is p "
i(t+ Δ t), then:
That is:
In sum, i prediction number in a time interval at thereafter in region is p
irequired by (t+ Δ t) is.
The station passenger flow managing and control system of the invention described above and method are predicted each region, station number based on real-time passenger flow data, history passenger flow data and passenger flow development law, in conjunction with design parameter and passenger flow data founding mathematical models, when management and control decision-making made by needs, station passenger flow managing and control system can send early warning and management and control decision scheme is presented to managerial personnel by display platform, and managerial personnel can utilize this station passenger flow managing and control system to issue management and control decision-making concrete measure.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
Station of the present invention passenger flow monitoring and managing and control system can according to the parameters such as hardware device situation, service ability of different station, subway station, realize the dynamic monitoring of station Trip distribution and change, realize effective management and control of the flow to passenger flow, the flow direction and streamline, for station staff provides the management-control method of science, thus alleviate the overcrowding situation of the pressure of staff, interior appearance of avoiding standing, reduce contingency occurrence probability, ensure that passenger rides safety.
In addition, the monitoring of station of the present invention passenger flow and the subway system of managing and control system to different station and different cities have universality highly.Passenger flow monitoring of this station and managing and control system also can be the train arrangement of whole city underground gauze, passenger flow control provides aid decision making, for subway system operation tissue provides reliable technical support.
In addition, the present invention also can realize the monitoring and controlling forecast to Trip distribution such as subway stations, tackles large passenger flow and emergency situations provides scientific basis for subway station staff, makes a response, prevented the generation of large passenger flow event before passenger flow outburst arrives.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the monitoring of subway station passenger flow and managing and control system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the data monitoring front-end equipment of subway station flow monitoring system for passenger in the embodiment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is flow chart of data processing and the flow measuring schematic diagram of subway station flow monitoring system for passenger in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, in management and control decision-making module, model is set up.
Fig. 5 is the prediction schematic flow sheet of forecast model in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is whole management and control decision scheme product process figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, hereafter will do to describe more comprehensively, meticulously to the present invention in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment.
It should be noted that, when a certain element is described on " be fixed on, be fixed in, be connected to or be communicated in " another element, it can be directly fixing, affixed, connect or be communicated with on another element, also can be by other intermediate connectors indirectly fixing, affixed, connection or connection on another element.
Unless otherwise defined, hereinafter used all technical terms are identical with the implication that those skilled in the art understand usually.The object of technical term used herein just in order to describe specific embodiment is not be intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the various starting material, reagent, instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention are all bought by market and are obtained or prepare by existing method.
Embodiment:
One is subway station passenger flow managing and control system of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises subway station flow monitoring system for passenger and management and control decision-making module.
The subway station flow monitoring system for passenger of the present embodiment and the passenger flow dynamic monitoring module shown in Fig. 1, comprise data acquisition system (DAS), data handling system and data-storage system; Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular, infrared monitoring module is included in multiple infrared counting equipment that each Security Inspection Office of subway station is arranged, video identification monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage video identification counting equipment of subway station subway concourse, subway platform, the installing of subway station corridor mouth, and gate counting monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage gate counting equipment of subway station into and out of the installing of gate place, station; Infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular is all connected to data handling system by data line, data handling system can calculate the real-time number distribution situation in each region in subway station, and will calculate the respective data storage of acquisition to the data-storage system be connected with data handling system.
As shown in Figure 1, the management and control decision-making module of the present embodiment comprises passenger flow estimation module, schemes generation module and early warning information release module; The input end of passenger flow estimation module is connected to data-storage system by data line, the output terminal of passenger flow estimation module is connected to the schemes generation module based on triode control embodiment by data line, and early warning information release module comprises display and signal prior-warning device; Schemes generation module is connected to display display management and control decision scheme by data line; Schemes generation module is also connected to signal prior-warning device, and signal prior-warning device sends early warning signal according to the management and control decision scheme of schemes generation module in good time.
Based on a management-control method for the subway station passenger flow managing and control system of above-mentioned the present embodiment, comprise the following steps:
1. by the volume of the flow of passengers at subway station flow monitoring system for passenger monitoring station, and the volume of the flow of passengers data storing gathering subway station is in data-storage system, and concrete subway station passenger flow monitoring method comprises the following steps again:
1) as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 data monitoring front-end equipment of showing the subway station flow monitoring system for passenger of the present embodiment is at the layout schematic diagram in subway station region on the spot.As seen from Figure 2, this subway station includes four ENTRANCEs, by cutting off equipment, this subway station place solid space is divided at least three regions, that is: non-payment district B
1, paid area B
2, platform district B
3; The flow direction of passenger in subway station that then enter the station is B
1-B
2-B
3;
2) by two safety check apparatus arranged in Fig. 2, non-payment zoning is divided into non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area; Non-Mag & Bag Area is communicated with outward with subway station, is provided with 9 automatic machines in Mag & Bag Area; Mag & Bag Area and paid area are separated into and out of station gate by arranging 8; Stand widely hold up Lift & Stairs paid area and platform to be distinguished to separate by arranging about two;
3) infrared counting equipment is set at safety check apparatus place, is installing gate counting equipment into and out of gate place, station; At elevator or the stair place installing video identification counting equipment of standing up and down;
4) data gathered separately are delivered to a data handling system by infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment, obtain entering non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively I
1, I
2, I
3, obtain leaving non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively O
1, O
2, O
3; The number of any instant regional then can be calculated according to subway station structure:
p
i＝I
i-O
i(i＝1,2,3)(1)
5) data handling system is to the I obtained
1, I
2, I
3and O
1, O
2, O
3carry out data processing, I
1, I
2, I
3and O
1, O
2, O
3the speed being entered by the passenger flow that enters the station and left---the current speed of individual count equipment place section determined; And in following △ T time, enter and leave region B
ithe maximum volume of the flow of passengers of (i=1,2,3) is I '
i, O '
i:
I′
i＝△T×V(i)(2)
O′
i＝△T×V(i+1)(3)
Wherein, V (1) is ENTRANCE always current speed, and V (2) is safety check always current speed, and V (3) is gate always current speed; V (4) is for paid area is to the stair of station up and down in platform district and lift port always current speed.
Above-mentioned V (i) not refers to the people flow rate that each partition equipment section is observed, and each partition equipment maximum through-rate in theory referred to, be calculate income value according to the parameter cutting off equipment.The correlation parameter of each partition equipment is defined as follows shown in table 1:
Table 1: the correlation parameter definition cutting off equipment
Then the computing formula of the total current speed of station entrance, safety check, gate, paid area is as follows respectively:
V(1)＝N
s1×(C
s×d
s1)+N
e1×(C
e×d
e1)(4)
V (2)=N
safety check× C
safety check(5)
V (3)=N
gate× C
gate(6)
V(4)＝N
s2×(C
s×d
s2)+N
e2×(C
e×d
e2)(7)
Wherein, the traffic capacity of each partition equipment can shown in reference table 2.Thus, we can calculate the theoretical value of each region number under certain parameter condition.
Table 2: each position, station maximum tonnage capacity
As shown in Figure 3, the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of turnover in non-payment district in the unit interval, paid area, platform district can be drawn after above-mentioned process, and it is for subsequent use to be stored into data-storage system.
2. by analyzing the Evolution Mechanism of the passenger flow that enters the station, set up appropriate forecast model, according to the Trip distribution in each region, station after the volume of the flow of passengers data prediction Tmin called from data-storage system; Forecast model sets up based on the historical data inputted to obtain, historical data is then the continuous data of carrying out recording at interval of 5 seconds based on time series, select Forecasting Methodology to comprise artificial neural network method, time series method and Cellular Automata Simulation method, prediction flow process as shown in Figure 5.
3. the passenger flow forecast data that the real-time passenger flow data above-mentioned subway station flow monitoring system for passenger obtained and management and control decision-making module generate are input in management and control decision-making module, to management and control decision-making module Mathematical Models as shown in Figure 4.In different Trip distribution situations, whether judged the startup of passenger flow control by management and control decision-making module, criterion is as follows.
Consider B
ithe density p that the service level in region is corresponding
1(i) and safe escape density p
2(i), we give different weight α (i) respectively to the two, β (i), and α (i)+β (i)=1, obtain passenger flow control reference density ρ (i)=α (i) * ρ
1(i)+β (i) * ρ
2(i).According to the difference of management regulation, can to the service level density p of zones of different
1(i) and safe escape density p
2i () gives different weights.Service level density and safe escape density can respectively with reference to following table 3 and following tables 4.
If the useful area in each region is S
i(i=1,2,3), then the maximum passenger flow saturation that each region is corresponding is respectively P
i=S
i× ρ (i).
Table 3:LOS grade scale (m
2/ people)
Table 4: different pass facility one skilled in the art evacuates the density range (people/m of level
2)
4. start according to above-mentioned criterion and generate dynamic security management and control decision scheme, this dynamic security management and control decision scheme generates based on three grades of passenger flow control principles.Dynamic security management and control decision scheme outputs in display, and carries out early warning by early warning information release module in good time.The present embodiment is based on triode control, and the maximum passenger flow saturation of each region number and each region according to prediction contrasts, and judges to implement which rank of management and control.When platform region passenger flow is crowded, start one-level passenger flow control, with the stairs port place between subway concourse and platform for major control point control is entered the station passenger flow; When paid area passenger flow is crowded, start secondary passenger flow control, with gate mouth place for major control point carries out flow control; When non-toll zone passenger flow is crowded, start three grades of passenger flow controls, with safety check and ENTRANCE for major control point carries out flow control.Then, enter data in decision model, generate management and control decision scheme, decision scheme is open or close several elevator, gate, security check to reach the object controlling passenger flow flow velocity.Management and control decision model process flow diagram is shown in Fig. 4, and whole management and control decision scheme product process figure as shown in Figure 6.
Concrete, from the angle controlling passenger flow flow velocity, with passenger flow control scheme corresponding under seeking different passenger flow situation.
If △ T be from current time play lower train arrive between the time interval, when the platform number of prediction reaches one-level passenger flow alarm value, i.e. p
3>=0.6*P
3time, start one-level passenger flow control.Now, paid area stairs port place passenger flow flow velocity should meet:
V(4)*△T≤(P
3-p
3)(8)
According to crowd's Controlling principle of three class control, the passenger flow flow velocity at ENTRANCE, safety check, gate place should meet:
V(4)≤V(3)≤V(2)≤V(1)；
The passenger flow that each area stay volume of the flow of passengers also should meet corresponding region limits to a number or amount:
p
1≤P
1；
p
2≤P
2；
In like manner, when the paid area number of prediction reaches secondary passenger flow alarm value, i.e. p
2>=0.6*P
2time, start secondary passenger flow control.
Now, the passenger flow flow velocity at each intercept unit place and each region number should meet:
V(3)≤V(1)；
V(3)≤V(2)；
p
1≤P
1；
p
3≥0.8*P
3
When the non-payment district number of prediction reaches three grades of passenger flow alarm values, i.e. p
1>=0.8*P
1time, start three grades of passenger flow controls.
Now, the passenger flow flow velocity at each intercept unit place and each region number should meet:
V(2)≤V(1)；
V(4)≤V(3)≤V(2)。
Can show that the management and control model equation group with universality is as follows by above standard:
Remarks: a, b, c, d, e are corresponding establishment quantity in subway station.According to design parameter and " metro design code " of actual subway station, assignment can be carried out to the correlation parameter of partition equipment each in upper table 1; According to the flat vertical design parameter of actual subway station, the useful area S in each region can be obtained
i(i=1,2,3); According to the data of management and control decision-making platform process, time interval △ T that current time arrives apart from lower train and current each region number p can be obtained
i.Above numerical value substitutes into Simultaneous Equations, the optimal case of partition opening of device quantity corresponding under can obtaining current passenger flow situation.In conjunction with the actual conditions of subway station, managerial personnel can take corresponding management and control measure.
Technical scheme from above-mentioned the present embodiment:
(1) subway large passenger flow dynamic monitoring and managing and control system achieve the Real-Time Monitoring of subway station Trip distribution and change, achieve effective management and control of the flow to passenger flow in subway station, the flow direction and streamline;
(2) by analyzing the crucial tie point of subway station, with the form of tie point, subway station guarded region is divided into non-payment district, paid area and platform three parts.Adopt multi-Monitoring Techniques, give full play to the advantage of various technology, agree with the feature of subway station passenger flow to greatest extent, the effects of existing equipment in monitoring such as Appropriate application gate, detector gate;
(3) with triode control means for foundation, make full use of space layout and passenger's streamline trend of subway station inside, the management and control scheme of science be provided;
(4) have developed the system that set-off stream is monitored, management and control scheme is integrated, there is reliability and the universality of height.
Claims (10)
1. a station flow monitoring system for passenger, is characterized in that, described station flow monitoring system for passenger comprises data acquisition system (DAS), data handling system and data-storage system; Described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular, described infrared monitoring module is included in multiple infrared counting equipment that each Security Inspection Office of station is arranged, described video identification monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage video identification counting equipment of station subway concourse, station platform, the installing of station corridor mouth, and described gate counting monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage gate counting equipment of station into and out of the installing of gate place, station; Described infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular is all connected to described data handling system by data line, and described data handling system is connected to data-storage system.
2. a station passenger flow monitoring method, comprises the following steps:
1) by partition equipment, place, station solid space is divided at least three regions, that is: non-payment district B
1, paid area B
2, platform district B
3; Described partition equipment comprise in rays safety detection apparatus, gate, elevator & stairs one or more;
2) by arranging rays safety detection apparatus, described non-payment zoning is divided into non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area; Described non-Mag & Bag Area is communicated with outside station; Described Mag & Bag Area and paid area are separated into and out of station gate by arranging; Paid area and platform distinguished separate by arranging stand up and down elevator or stair;
3) infrared counting equipment is set at rays safety detection apparatus place, is installing gate counting equipment into and out of gate place, station; At elevator or the stair place installing video identification counting equipment of standing up and down;
4) data gathered separately are delivered to a data handling system by described infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment, obtain entering non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively I
1, I
2, I
3, obtain leaving non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively O
1, O
2, O
3;
5) data handling system is to the I obtained
1, I
2, I
3and O
1, O
2, O
3carry out data processing, draw the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of turnover in non-payment district in the unit interval, paid area, platform district, and it is for subsequent use to be stored into data-storage system.
3. a station passenger flow managing and control system, is characterized in that, comprise management and control decision-making module and station as claimed in claim 1 flow monitoring system for passenger, described management and control decision-making module comprises passenger flow estimation module, schemes generation module and early warning information release module; The input end of described passenger flow estimation module is connected to data-storage system by data line, the output terminal of described passenger flow estimation module is connected to the schemes generation module based on triode control embodiment by data line, and described early warning information release module comprises display and signal prior-warning device; Described schemes generation module is connected to display display management and control decision scheme by data line; Described schemes generation module is also connected to signal prior-warning device, and signal prior-warning device sends early warning signal according to the management and control decision scheme of schemes generation module in good time.
4. a station passenger flow management-control method, comprises the following steps:
1) by the volume of the flow of passengers at station flow monitoring system for passenger monitoring station, and the volume of the flow of passengers data storing gathering station is in data-storage system;
2) forecast model is set up, according to the Trip distribution in each region, station after the volume of the flow of passengers data prediction Tmin called from data-storage system;
3) the passenger flow forecast data that the real-time passenger flow data obtained by described station flow monitoring system for passenger and management and control decision-making module generate are input in management and control decision-making module, after being judged, generate dynamic security management and control decision scheme by management and control decision-making module; Described dynamic security management and control decision scheme generates based on three grades of passenger flow control principles;
4) described dynamic security management and control decision scheme outputs in display, and carries out early warning by early warning information release module in good time.
5. station according to claim 4 passenger flow management-control method, is characterized in that, described station flow monitoring system for passenger comprises data acquisition system (DAS), data handling system and data-storage system; Described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular, described infrared monitoring module is included in multiple infrared counting equipment that each Security Inspection Office of station is arranged, described video identification monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage video identification counting equipment of station subway concourse, station platform, the installing of station corridor mouth, and described gate counting monitoring modular is included in the multiple stage gate counting equipment of station into and out of the installing of gate place, station; Described infrared monitoring module, video identification monitoring modular and gate counting monitoring modular is all connected to described data handling system by data line, and described data handling system is connected to data-storage system.
6. station according to claim 5 passenger flow management-control method, is characterized in that, described step 1) concrete operations comprise the following steps:
11) by partition equipment, place, station solid space is divided at least three regions, that is: non-payment district B
1, paid area B
2, platform district B
3;
12) by arranging rays safety detection apparatus, described non-payment zoning is divided into non-Mag & Bag Area and Mag & Bag Area; Described non-Mag & Bag Area is communicated with outside station; Described Mag & Bag Area and paid area are separated into and out of station gate by arranging; Paid area and platform distinguished separate by arranging stand up and down elevator or stair;
13) infrared counting equipment is set at rays safety detection apparatus place, is installing gate counting equipment into and out of gate place, station; At elevator or the stair place installing video identification counting equipment of standing up and down;
14) data gathered separately are delivered to a data handling system by described infrared counting equipment, gate counting equipment and video identification counting equipment, obtain entering non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively I
1, I
2, I
3, obtain leaving non-payment district, paid area, platform district number be respectively O
1, O
2, O
3;
15) data handling system is to the I obtained
1, I
2, I
3and O
1, O
2, O
3carry out data processing, draw the two-way volume of the flow of passengers of turnover in non-payment district in the unit interval, paid area, platform district, and it is for subsequent use to be stored into data-storage system.
7. station according to claim 4 passenger flow management-control method, is characterized in that, described step 2) in: the volume of the flow of passengers data called from data-storage system comprise real-time passenger flow data and the history passenger flow data of station flow monitoring system for passenger collection acquisition; Described history passenger flow data comprises horizontal historical data and longitudinal historical data, and horizontal historical data is the Trip distribution data in a period of time on the same day, longitudinal historical data be in certain time limit every day in the Trip distribution data of this same time point.
8. station according to claim 4 passenger flow management-control method, is characterized in that, described step 2) in: described predicted time Tmin, implements reaction time of management and control decision scheme and train by station employees and starts frequency and jointly determine.
9. station according to claim 4 passenger flow management-control method, is characterized in that, described dynamic security management and control decision scheme is as follows:
Wherein, V (1) is ENTRANCE always current speed, and V (2) is safety check always current speed, and V (3) is gate always current speed; V (4) is for paid area is to the stair of station up and down in platform district and lift port always current speed; p
1, p
2, p
3for the passenger flow number of regional; P
1, P
2, P
3for the maximum passenger flow saturation of regional; N
s1for station entrance place number of staircases; C
sfor the clean traffic capacity of the wide stair of 1m in the unit time; d
s1for station entrance place stair span width; N
e1for station entrance place elevator quantity; C
efor the clean traffic capacity of the wide elevator of 1m in the unit time; d
e1for station entrance place elevator span width; N
safety checkfor safety check quantity; C
safety checkfor the platform rays safety detection apparatus traffic capacity in the unit time; N
gatefor the gate quantity that enters the station; C
gatefor the platform gate equipment traffic capacity in the unit time; N
s2for paid area number of staircases; d
s2for paid area stair span width; N
e2for paid area elevator quantity; d
e2for paid area elevator span width; I
i, O
ibe respectively the passenger flow number entering the i-th region and the passenger flow number leaving the i-th region, i=1,2,3; A, b, c, d, e are corresponding establishment quantity in subway station; △ T is the time interval that current time arrives apart from lower train;
According to relevant design parameter and specification, the above-mentioned correlation parameter to each partition equipment carries out assignment; The useful area S in each region is obtained according to the flat vertical design parameter at actual station
i;
Above numerical value substitutes into the Simultaneous Equations of dynamic security management and control decision scheme, partition opening of device quantity scheme corresponding under obtaining current passenger flow situation, and then according to opening the unlatching quantity of quantity scheme control partition equipment.
10. station according to claim 4 passenger flow management-control method, it is characterized in that, described forecast model sets up based on the historical data inputted to obtain, described historical data is the continuous data of at least carrying out recording at interval of 5 seconds based on seasonal effect in time series, selects Forecasting Methodology to be based on seasonal effect in time series curve fitting method.
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