CN105392671A - 用于汽车的照明装置 - Google Patents
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- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
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- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
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- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
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- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S43/145—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
- F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
- F21S43/243—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its extremities
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- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/249—Light guides with two or more light sources being coupled into the light guide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/251—Light guides the light guides being used to transmit light from remote light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/0029—Spatial arrangement
- B60Q1/0041—Spatial arrangement of several lamps in relation to each other
- B60Q1/0052—Spatial arrangement of several lamps in relation to each other concentric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
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- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
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Abstract
一种用于汽车的带有光导部件(14)的照明装置,该光导部件具有光射入面(16)和光射出面(15),其中,至少部分地在光导部件的至少一个表面上设置电的照明层(19)。照明层有利地被构造成OLED层。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于汽车的带有光导部件的照明装置,该光导部件具有光射入面和光射出面。
这种照明装置如今在汽车领域中广为应用,例如可看到,这种光导部件设置在前照灯的出口周围,其中,例如来自发光二极管的光投射到光射入面上,并向前方射出。除了真正的照明功能外,这种光导部件还有很多造型设计主题也很重要。除了应用在前照灯区域中之外,这种照明装置还被设置用来对汽车进行内部照明或侧向照明或尾部照明。已知有一些方案用来给光导部件的侧面设置干扰部位结构,从而使得投射到光射入面上的光在这些干扰部位散射并且向旁侧散射。
这种照明装置例如在DE102010054923A1中结合以前照灯公开过,而DE102011050422A1公开了一种在汽车尾灯上的类似应用。
本发明的目的在于,提出所述类型的一种照明装置,其能实现不仅从光射出面射出光,而且也能实现向旁侧射出光。这里一方面无需光导部件的繁琐的构造,另一方面能在射出的光的品质方面(强度、颜色)有较高的灵活性。
为了实现该目的,本发明规定,至少部分地在光导部件的至少一个表面上设置电的照明层。
实际上,本发明的照明装置能以简单的方式让观察者获得一种深度印象或者说一种3D效果,为此,按照现有技术,需要繁琐的光导体组合结构。也可以在观察者看来造型相同的情况下实现多种光功能。
这种照明层例如也可以构造成所谓的“OLED”层,其能实现以不同的颜色进行照明,并且在制造技术上能毫无问题地将其制造得很薄。
这里需要说明,DE102009009087A1已经披露了结合汽车照明使用OLED层,在该文献中公开了用于汽车的照明装置,其在第一光源的反射器前面设置了遮盖该反射器的薄的、平面有机的发光二极管(OLED),由此例如可以叠加后雾灯和尾灯的光功能。
如已述,在一种有利的实施方式中规定,照明层被构造成OLED层,但也可以将照明层例如构造成电发光层。
根据一种有利的实施方式,设置杆状的光导体,其具有用于至少一个光源的光的至少一个馈入部位,该光导体沿着其长度的至少一部分具有干扰部位机构以及位于该干扰部位机构对面的光射出面,光导部件的光射入面在光技术方面与杆状光导体的光射出面连接。使用这种在汽车照明技术中广为公知(例如AT503926B1)的杆状光导体得到了良好的照明,这种照明也可以仅来自于一个唯一的位于馈入位置的光源,其中,发光二极管特别适合作为光源。
还可以规定,光导部件被构造成空心柱体,其中,柱体壁的两个端面形成了光射入面和光射出面。这种造型例如可与汽车前照灯相结合地灵活使用。尤其可以规定,柱体壁至少局部地包围前照灯模块的光射出开口。
此外有益的是,杆状光导体的造型适配于光导部件的光射入面,以便避免光损失和简化结构。
另一方面也可行的是,光导部件的光射入面配设有各个光源,这些光源直接把光馈入到光导部件中。在有些情况下,一个唯一的光源或者仅仅少量光源就足以保证令人满意的光射出。
通常优选的是,光导部件由透明材料构成。通过这种方式产生少量的光损失,且避免了光导部件的不必要的变热。但这并不意味着在有些情况下放弃对透明的要求,如果希望有特殊的光效果的话,可以采用不透明的材料。
另一变型方案的特征在于,在光导部件的光射入面上设置电的照明层。可以使用光射入面上的这种照明层来代替上述杆状光导体或者代替分散的各个光源。
特别是在把光导部件构造成空心柱体时,如果在空心柱体的外表面上设置电的照明层,则在很多情况下都得到特别令人满意的美观。
如果电的照明层可透光,则得到其它美观印象。
下面例如参照附图中所示的实施方式详述本发明及其它优点,在这些附图中:
图1为根据本发明的照明装置连同杆状光导体的原理结构的局部立体图;
图2示出一种变型,据此,设置了各个光源来代替杆状光导体;和
图3同样以局部立体图示出一种变型,据此,光导部件被构造成空心柱体的形式,且包围前照灯模块的光射出面。
参照图1可看到一个方形的光导部件1,其有利地由完全透明的材料构成,特别是由塑料构成,且具有光射入面2以及光射出面3。光导部件1也可以称为厚壁透镜,它配设有杆状光导体4,该光导体具有光馈入部位,这里为端面5,在当前情况下,在该端面上设置着LED部件6作为光源。在这里,光导体4在下面的平面上具有干扰部位机构7,该干扰部位机构在相对侧具有光射出面8,该光射出面在当前情况下大致为柱形结构,但也可以很平整,或者具有另一种形状。这种光导体是公知的,其中,由光源6(这里为LED部件)馈入的光沿着光导体4反射,并由干扰部位机构7(例如一排小棱镜)经由光射出面8向外射出。
可见,由光射出面8射出的光射到方形光导部件1的射入面2上,并且为了照明目的而主要在相对侧的光射出面3上射出,其中,例如用于位置照明的机构可以应用在汽车中。在根据图1的例子中,为明了起见,无论光导体4还是光导部件1都被笔直地设计,但要清楚的是,光导体可以任意弯曲,其中,在光导部件1和光导体4之间通常对曲率进行调整。光导体4中的光也可以并非只在一个唯一的位置馈入,比如这里在端面5上馈入,而是例如在光导体的两个端面上馈入,或者附加地在通入到光导体中的支路上馈入。
为了提供附加的照明源,图1中仅在侧面(这里在图面右侧)安置有电的照明层9。这种照明层有利地被构造成OLED层。这是一种有机发光二极管,它是由有机半导体材料构成的照明薄层构件,并且在施加电压时能根据组分以不同的颜色照明。在此,OLED层也可以是透明的,因而透光。
尽管在根据图1的例子中只有一个侧面设置了电照明层,但要清楚,也可以给光导部件的其它表面完全地或者部分地设置这种照明层。
代替光导体4,可以在光射入面2上设置照明层,于是,该照明层用作光源。还可以给光导部件的侧面设置类似的或其它的照明层,其中,根据相应的要求来调整选择由相应照明层射出的光的颜色和/或强度。
可见,在本发明的范畴内,照明层并非必须要构造成OLED层,而是也可以设置电发光层。电发光膜可在市面上购得,且在施加交流电压时射出光。这种电发光膜也可以是透明的。
图2也示出了根据本发明的照明装置,其在如下方面与根据图1的照明装置相同:它也具有方形的光导部件1,该光导部件带有光射入面2和光射出面3。在当前情况下,在光导部件1的、位于图面中左侧的纵侧面上构造有电的照明层9,并且说明,也可以在光射出面3上设置另一电的照明层10,其中,该另一照明层在这种情况下必须强制地设计成可透光。
与图1不同,这里在光导部件1的光射入面2上设置了三个独立的LED部件11作为光源,它们的光穿过光导部件1,并在光射出面3上射出,用于照明目的。根据光导部件1的造型和构造而定,也可以使得在光射入面2上馈入的光的一部分在侧面射出。
图3与前照灯模块12组合地示出了根据本发明的照明装置的一种更为复杂的构造。该前照灯模块12例如可以用来产生通常的近光,且具有光射出开口13。该开口13的绝大部分被光导部件14包围,该光导部件被构造成空心柱体,其带有平面的、向前指向的光射出面15。术语“向前”当然要在光射出的意义下予以理解,而并非一定意味着“在车辆的行驶方向上”。在光射出面15的对面,光导部件14具有光射入面16,光导体17的光馈入到该光射入面上。该光导体17的造型相应于光导部件14的构造,也就是说,它同样包围前照灯模块12的光射出开口13,它原则上可以与图1中所示的光导体4类似地构造,但与其相反地弯曲。图中未示出的光馈入可以在光导体17的两端例如通过LED部件来进行。在图3中只能看到光导体17的一小部分,因为该光导体在所示实施例中被周围的围挡18遮挡住了。
在所示实施例中,空心柱体式构造的光导部件14的内面和外面设有电的照明层19。配备有本发明的照明装置的前照灯模块12因而具有至少三种光功能:即例如提到的近光功能,其来自于这种前照灯模块且源于未示出的、设置在模块12内部光源;光导体17的由光导部件14向前射出的光;第三,来自于电的照明层19的光。不言而喻,本发明除了具有纯技术的光功能外,还能实现符合相应设计规定的特殊的美观效果。穿过光导体17射出的光在此也并非必须来自于光导体,而是在这种情况下也可以设置各个光源,或者设有布置在光导部件14的光射入面16上的电的照明层。
在这些附图中并未示出对于各个光源的供电所必需的电的连接器,也未示出其电流源和/或电压源,但这里为本领域技术人员提供了相关的实现信息。还要说明,电的照明层例如OLED层绝非必须全面地构造,而是在一定情况下也可以构造成条带或其它结构。针对本发明的照明装置使用电的照明层,这也提供了特殊的优点:对光导部件的造型几乎没有限制。与照明层适配的表面事实上可随意规定,当然并非必须是平面的,这例如由图3的实施例可知。
Claims (12)
1.一种用于汽车的带有光导部件(1、14)的照明装置,该光导部件具有光射入面(2、16)和光射出面(3、15),
其特征在于,
至少部分地在光导部件(1、14)的至少一个表面上设置电的照明层(9、10;19)。
2.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,照明层(9、10;19)被构造成OLED层。
3.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于,照明层(9、10;19)被构造成电发光层。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,设置杆状的光导体(4;17),该光导体具有用于至少一个光源(6)的光的至少一个馈入部位(5),该光导体沿着其长度的至少一部分具有干扰部位机构(7)以及位于该干扰部位机构对面的光射出面(8),光导部件(1;14)的光射入面(2;16)在光技术方面与杆状光导体的光射出面(8)连接。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,光导部件(14)被构造成空心柱体,其中,柱体壁的两个端面形成了光射入面和光射出面(16、15)。
6.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于,柱体壁至少局部地包围前照灯模块(12)的光射出开口(13)。
7.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,杆状光导体(4;17)的造型适配于光导部件(1;14)的光射入面(2;16)。
8.如权利要求1-3以及5和6中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,光导部件(1)的光射入面(2)配设有各个光源(11),所述光源直接把光馈入到光导部件中。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,光导部件(1;14)由透明材料构成。
10.如权利要求1-3、5、6和9中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,在光导部件(1;14)的光射入面(2、16)上设置电的照明层。
11.如权利要求5-10中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,在被构造成空心柱体的光导部件(14)的外表面上设置电的照明层(19)。
12.如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的照明装置,其特征在于,电的照明层(9、10、19)可透光。
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PCT/AT2014/050111 WO2014179824A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 | 2014-04-30 | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für kraftfahrzeuge |
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JP5814302B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-11-17 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 車輌用灯具 |
AT517675B1 (de) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-08-15 | Zkw Group Gmbh | Lichtmodul für Fahrzeugscheinwerfer sowie Scheinwerfer, Rückleuchte und Seitenmarkierungsleuchte |
DE102015222505A1 (de) * | 2015-11-16 | 2017-05-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
US20180017224A1 (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-18 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vehicle lamp assembly with rear-lit oled |
JP6785617B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-27 | 2020-11-18 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 車両用灯具 |
JP6936045B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-18 | 2021-09-15 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 車両用灯具 |
EP3698417A1 (de) | 2017-10-19 | 2020-08-26 | Cynora Gmbh | Beleuchtungseinrichtung für kraftfahrzeuge und erhöhte betriebstemperaturen |
US10578271B1 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-03-03 | Excellence Optoelectronics Inc. | Vehicle LED linear lighting module |
CZ202221A3 (cs) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-26 | Ĺ KODA AUTO a.s. | Sestava prosvětlené masky chladiče |
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CN105392671B (zh) | 2019-02-19 |
AT514217A1 (de) | 2014-11-15 |
WO2014179824A1 (de) | 2014-11-13 |
US20160107563A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
AT514217B1 (de) | 2016-02-15 |
US9908457B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
EP2994348A1 (de) | 2016-03-16 |
JP2016517162A (ja) | 2016-06-09 |
EP2994348B1 (de) | 2021-07-14 |
JP6325087B2 (ja) | 2018-05-16 |
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