CN105359786B - A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa - Google Patents
A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359786B CN105359786B CN201510774174.8A CN201510774174A CN105359786B CN 105359786 B CN105359786 B CN 105359786B CN 201510774174 A CN201510774174 A CN 201510774174A CN 105359786 B CN105359786 B CN 105359786B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa, this method constructs green belt and catchment because of physical features first；In green belt, paving buries plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter to reduce soil moisture, salinity；Cloth drip irrigation zone, open shallow ridges, cover turfy soil and sprouted for the seed of Suaeda salsa and provides suitable matrix and mima type microrelief environment, and intermittence low-salt environment is provided for the sprouting of Suaeda salsa and seedling growth by trickle irrigation；Vegetative growth phase using " venturi " drip irrigation fertilizer applicator apply aqueous acidic fertilizer, not only neutralized part surface soil alkalinity but also available nutrient be provided, guarantee complete breeding cycle then, afterwards every year can wild state afforest the saturation salinized soil.Take the method to change soil water saturation, the baldness heavily salted landscape of earth's surface salt crust shell, not only improve the ecological environment, but also once subsequently need not reinvest and conserve substantially, it becomes possible to afforest naturally after greening planting success.This method provides technical example for sustainable greening, the beautification of arid biogeographic zone extreme environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa, it is related to halophytes, row
The method of Hydraulic Projects, humus and trickle irrigation combination greening arid biogeographic zone saturation salinized soil, belongs to ecologic planting field.
Background technology
In district oasis, moisture is converged at hypsography low-lying with salinity, these low-lying places are usually other, public in road
In garden, reservoir, lake water edge, for beautification of landscape, the selection of saline land greening material and cultivation management are particularly significant.It is badly in need of suitable
Plant and the research of planting technology.
Halogenic soil planting can be competent at is humidogene halophytes.The resistance to salt marsh of Suaeda salsa and barren, provide fresh water or
Salt water（Salt content is less than concentration of seawater 3.5%）In the case of, a variety of environment can normal growth, be ecological afforestation adaptability
Strong annual euhalophyte, as alkaline land improving and the model plant of greening.Moreover, Suaeda salsa is in solonchak agriculture
It is a kind of industrial crops in industry, the famine age is used as edible wild herbs（Alias is yellow must dish）, the present invention is using Suaeda salsa as raw material
Research and develop livestock feed additive, plant product salt.
However, greening several times is it was verified that a kind of general method (CN102388730A, the arid biogeographic zone geavy salt of this seminar
Alkali trickle irrigation plantation Suaeda salsa method) could not be planted in saturation salinized soil successfully, the reason is that in soil, upper strata it is frequent
Or intermittent backwater, soil permeability is poor, the more gas of water are few, reducing substances accumulation, available nutrient content deficiency；Native table condenses
Block, light yellow salt crust, makes halophytic seed sprout the extreme environment faced more than concentration of seawater.
For it is new the problem of, the present invention proposes improved method, based on halophytes greening salinized soil cultivation practices,
Suaeda salsa is summed up in the sustainable greening key technology of saturation heavily salted soil, to be district oasis inner peripheral ecological environment
Beautification provides technical example.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa, this method are first
First green belt and catchment are constructed because of physical features；In green belt, paving buries plastic hidden pipe to reduce soil moisture, salinity；It is laid with trickle irrigation
Band, open shallow ridges, cover turfy soil be Suaeda salsa seed sprouting suitable matrix and mima type microrelief environment are provided, be salt by trickle irrigation
The fluffy sprouting of ground alkali and seedling growth provide intermittent low-salt environment；Applied in vegetative growth phase using " venturi " drip irrigation fertilizer applicator
Aqueous acidic fertilizer, guarantee complete breeding cycle then, afterwards every year can wild state afforest the saturation salinized soil region.It is logical
Method of the present invention is crossed, solves problems of the prior art.
A kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa of the present invention, follow these steps to carry out：
Trial zone designs and site preparation：
A, autumn cuts off the water the phase, manually or mechanically according to physical features site preparation, selects minimum depression to do catchment, remaining soil carries out
It is smooth, it is smooth after greening plot be higher than depression catchment 0.5-0.6m, greening plot slope aspect is directed toward depression, it is smooth after greening
Height difference 4-5cm in plot；
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried：
B, the greening plot after smooth is manually or ditching machine is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m,
The gravel of 10cm depth particle diameters 1-2cm is filled out after trench digging from bottom to top, diameter 125mm is laid with the surface of gravel contains porose PVC
Pipe, punching is face-up, and the gravel of 10cm depths is then covered on pvc pipe, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid with, in PVC
Upper surface punching 60/m, the aperture 5mm of pipe, 1 layer of geotextiles of pvc pipe outsourcing after then punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are made
For outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe is tilted to depression, and than dropping about 1/600-700, current are controlled in pvc pipe water outlet mounting ball valve；
It is laid with drip irrigation zone：
C, spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laids drip irrigation zone is pressed perpendicular to slope aspect；
Plant Suaeda salsa：
D, excavated by manual work V-arrangement kind planting ditch is used along drip irrigation zone, width 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, fills out 2cm depths in V-arrangement kind planting ditch
Drip irrigation zone, is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement kind planting ditch by turfy soil, is then broadcasted sowing in V-arrangement kind planting ditch and wet sand by volume 1:1
Mixed Suaeda salsa seed；
Irrigate and apply fertilizer：
E, after planting trickle irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days trickle irrigations 1 time；About 7 days trickle irrigations are once after seedling stage；Vegetative growth phase
Aqueous acidic fertilizer is applied 2 times using venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator, is spaced 15 days between each.Each breeding time pours water to plant every time
Ponding is not degree in ditch.
A kind of the characteristics of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa of the present invention, this method is：
Integrated bio, engineering, physico-chemical process solve the sustainable Greening problem of saturation heavily salted soil.It is dark to improve plastics
Pipe and anti-filter Rotating fields effectively reduce soil moisture, salinity；It is Suaeda salsa to lay drip irrigation zone, open shallow ridges, cover turfy soil measure
Seed sprout and create suitable matrix and mima type microrelief environment；Implement between trickle irrigation provided for the sprouting of Suaeda salsa and seedling growth
Having a rest property low-salt environment；Large area fertilising is realized using " venturi " drip irrigation fertilizer applicator, is saved artificial；Trickle irrigation aqueous acidic fertilizer,
Not only the alkaline matter of salinized soil had been neutralized, but also has solved the problems, such as that salinized soil available nutrient is deficient.Therefore, take of the present invention
Method, can change soil water saturation, the baldness heavily salted landscape of earth's surface salt crust shell, not only improve the ecological environment, but also once
After afforesting planting success, subsequently it need not reinvest and conserve substantially, it becomes possible to afforest naturally.This method is the extreme ring of arid biogeographic zone
Sustainable greening, the beautification in border provide technical example.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1（Kelamayi university city Red Hill lakeside）
A, autumn cuts off the water the phase, according to physical features machinery site preparation, selects minimum depression to do catchment, remaining soil is put down
It is whole, it is smooth after greening plot be higher than depression catchment 0.5m, greening plot slope aspect is directed toward depression, it is smooth after greening plot in
Height difference 5cm；
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried：
B, the greening plot after smooth is manually or ditching machine is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m,
The gravel of 10cm depth particle diameters 1-2cm is filled out after trench digging from bottom to top, diameter 125mm is laid with the surface of gravel contains porose PVC
Pipe, punching is face-up, and the gravel of 10cm depths is then covered on pvc pipe, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid with, in PVC
Upper surface punching 60/m, the aperture 5mm of pipe, 1 layer of geotextiles of pvc pipe outsourcing after then punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are made
For outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe is tilted to depression, than dropping about 1/600-700（Both the height difference at pvc pipe head and the tail both ends and pvc pipe were horizontal long
The ratio of degree）, current are controlled in pvc pipe water outlet mounting ball valve；
It is laid with drip irrigation zone：
C, spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laids drip irrigation zone is pressed perpendicular to slope aspect；
Plant Suaeda salsa：
D, spud excavated by manual work V-arrangement kind planting ditch is used along drip irrigation zone, width 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement kind planting ditch
2cm depth turfy soils are filled out, drip irrigation zone is placed on to the centre position of V-arrangement kind planting ditch, are then broadcasted sowing in V-arrangement kind planting ditch with wet sand by body
Product ratio 1:1 mixed Suaeda salsa seed；
Irrigate and apply fertilizer：
E, after planting trickle irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days trickle irrigations 1 time；About 7 days trickle irrigations are once after seedling stage；Vegetative growth phase
Aqueous acidic fertilizer is applied 2 times using venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator, is spaced 15 days between each, each breeding time pours water to plant every time
Ponding is not degree in ditch.
Embodiment 2（Kelamayi Forest Park wetland）
A, autumn cuts off the water the phase, according to physical features machinery site preparation, selects minimum depression to do catchment, remaining soil is put down
It is whole, it is smooth after greening plot be higher than depression catchment 0.6m, greening plot slope aspect is directed toward depression, it is smooth after greening plot in
Height difference 4cm；
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried：
B, the greening plot after smooth is manually or ditching machine is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m,
The gravel of 10cm depth particle diameters 1-2cm is filled out after trench digging from bottom to top, diameter 125mm is laid with the surface of gravel contains porose PVC
Pipe, punching is face-up, and the gravel of 10cm depths is then covered on pvc pipe, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid with, in PVC
Upper surface punching 60/m, the aperture 5mm of pipe, 1 layer of geotextiles of pvc pipe outsourcing after then punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are made
For outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe is tilted to depression, than dropping about 1/600-700（Both the height difference at pvc pipe head and the tail both ends and pvc pipe were horizontal long
The ratio of degree）, current are controlled in pvc pipe water outlet mounting ball valve；
It is laid with drip irrigation zone：
C, spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laids drip irrigation zone is pressed perpendicular to slope aspect；
Plant Suaeda salsa：
D, spud excavated by manual work V-arrangement kind planting ditch is used along drip irrigation zone, width 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement kind planting ditch
2cm depth turfy soils are filled out, drip irrigation zone is placed on to the centre position of V-arrangement kind planting ditch, are then broadcasted sowing in V-arrangement kind planting ditch with wet sand by body
Product ratio 1:1 mixed Suaeda salsa seed；
Irrigate and apply fertilizer：
E, after planting trickle irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days trickle irrigations 1 time；About 7 days trickle irrigations are once after seedling stage；Vegetative growth phase
Aqueous acidic fertilizer is applied 2 times using venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator, is spaced 15 days between each, each breeding time pours water to plant every time
Ponding is not degree in ditch.
A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa of the present invention, this method is respectively in carat
Ma Yi university cities Red Hill lakeside, Kelamayi Forest Park wetland have carried out planting experiment, and experiment shows Suaeda salsa planting percent
Than averagely improving 85% before experiment.Soil Desalting, stain positive effect, compared with before experiment, due to trickle irrigation washed off soil salinity and
The effect of closed drainage engineering, the soil water drop to 18%-20% by 32%-35%, about reduce about 43%；Surface soil salinity drops
Low 30%-50%.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method of arid biogeographic zone saturation heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa, it is characterised in that follow these steps to carry out：Trial zone designs and site preparation：A, autumn cuts off the water the phase, manually or mechanically according to physical features site preparation, selects minimum depression to do catchment, remaining soil is put down It is whole, it is smooth after greening plot be higher than depression catchment 0.5-0.6m, greening plot slope aspect is directed toward depression, it is smooth after green land Height difference 4-5cm in block；Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried：B, the greening plot after smooth is manually or ditching machine is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m, trench digging Fill out the gravel of 10cm depth particle diameters 1-2cm from bottom to top afterwards, diameter 125mm is laid with the surface of gravel contains porose pvc pipe, beats Hole face upward, then covers the gravel of 10cm depths on pvc pipe, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid with, in the upper of pvc pipe 60/m, aperture 5mm are punched in surface, and 1 layer of geotextiles of pvc pipe outsourcing after then punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are as outsourcing Filtering layer, pvc pipe are tilted to depression, and than dropping 1/600-700, current are controlled in pvc pipe water outlet mounting ball valve；It is laid with drip irrigation zone：C, perpendicular to slope aspect, by spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laids drip irrigation zone；Plant Suaeda salsa：D, excavated by manual work V-arrangement kind planting ditch is used along drip irrigation zone, width 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, fills out 2cm depth turfs in V-arrangement kind planting ditch Drip irrigation zone, is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement kind planting ditch by soil, is then broadcasted sowing in V-arrangement kind planting ditch and wet sand by volume 1:1 mixing Suaeda salsa seed afterwards；Irrigate and apply fertilizer：E, after planting trickle irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days trickle irrigations 1 time；7 days trickle irrigations are once after seedling stage；Vegetative growth phase is using text Drip irrigation fertilizer applicator applies aqueous acidic fertilizer 2 times in mound, is spaced 15 days between each.
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| CN106258441A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of water saving keeps away the vegetation implantation methods of Yan Gou both sides |
| CN106358685A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for drip irrigation planting of suaeda salsa in saline-alkali land |
| CN106385843A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for increasing leaching efficiency of soil salinity in plough layer |
| CN106386065A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Film-covering and punching planting method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow River irrigation district |
| CN107593021B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2020-03-17 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Method for continuously improving soil of desert by planting |
| CN108391563B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method |
| CN108575604A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 盐城市大丰区绿洲农业发展有限公司 | The pattern of farming and implantation methods of greenhouse salinization soil |
| CN112243629B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Sustainable method for arid region farmland salt irrigation based on crop rotation halophyte |
| CN113875484B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-04-25 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Halophyte planting method for high-water-level heavy saline-alkali soil in arid region |
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