CN105359786A - Method for planting Suaeda salsa in saturated heavily-salinized soil of arid area - Google Patents
Method for planting Suaeda salsa in saturated heavily-salinized soil of arid area Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359786A CN105359786A CN201510774174.8A CN201510774174A CN105359786A CN 105359786 A CN105359786 A CN 105359786A CN 201510774174 A CN201510774174 A CN 201510774174A CN 105359786 A CN105359786 A CN 105359786A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting Suaeda salsa in saturated heavily-salinized soil of an arid area, wherein a greening area and a drainage area are established according to terrains at first; plastic concealed conduits and an inverted filtering layer are laid and embedded in the greening area in order to reduce soil moisture and soil salinity; a drip irrigation zone is disposed; a shallow trench is excavated; grass charcoal soil is covered to provide a suitable matrix and a micro terrain environment for seed germination of the Suaeda salsa; and an intermittent low-salt environment is provided form germination of the Suaeda salsa and growth in a seedling period through drip irrigation. During a vegetative growth period, a ''Venturi'' drip fertigation device is used to apply water-soluble acid fertilizers, so that partial soil alkalinity is neutralized; available nutrients are provided; a breeding cycle can be completed in one year; and then the saturated salinized soil can be greened in a wild state in each later year. According to the method, a bald and heavily-salinized landscape with soil water saturation and ground surface salt encrustation can be changed; the ecologic environment is improved; and basically no reinvestment or maintenance is required at a later stage after one time of greening planting in order to realize natural greening. The method provides a technical model for the sustainable greening and beautification in an extreme environment of the arid area.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides the method for a kind of arid biogeographic zone saturated heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa, relate to the method that the saturated saline soil of arid biogeographic zone is afforested in halophytes, drainage system, humus and drip irrigation combination, belong to ecologic planting field.
Background technology
In district oasis, moisture converges at hypsography low-lying place with salinity, and these low-lying places are usually in by road, in park, reservoir, lake water edge, and in order to beautification of landscape, the selection of saline land greening material and cultivation management are very important.Be badly in need of the research of adaptive plant and planting technology.
What can be competent at Halogenic soil planting is humidogene halophytes.The resistance to salt marsh of Suaeda salsa and barren, when providing fresh water or salt water (salt content is less than concentration of seawater 3.5%), can normal growth at multiple environment, be the adaptable annual euhalophyte of ecological afforestation, as the model plant of alkaline land improving and greening.And Suaeda salsa is a kind of economic crops in Saline soil agriculture, the famine age is used as edible wild herbs (another name Huang Xucai), and the present invention is being raw material research and development livestock feed additive, plant salt product with Suaeda salsa.
But, greening several times facts have proved, method (the CN102388730A that this seminar is general, a kind of method of planting Suaeda salsa on serious saline-alkali soil by trickle irrigation in arid area) could not plant successfully in saturated saline soil, in reason soil, the frequent or intermittent backwater in upper strata, soil permeability is poor, the many gas of water is few, and reducing substances is accumulated, and available nutrient content is not enough; The condensation of soil table is block, light yellow salt crust, halophytic seed is sprouted and faces the extreme environment exceeding concentration of seawater.
For new problem, the present invention proposes the method for improvement, based on the cultivation practices of halophytes greening saline soil, sum up Suaeda salsa in the sustainable greening key technology of saturated heavily salted soil, to providing technical example for district oasis inner peripheral ecotope beautifies.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, provide the implantation methods of a kind of arid biogeographic zone saturated heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa, first the method constructs green belt and catchment because of physical features; In green belt, paving buries plastic hidden pipe to reduce soil moisture, salinity; Lay irrigate band, open shallow ridges, cover the seed germination that turfy soil is Suaeda salsa and provide suitable matrix and mima type microrelief environment, the sprouting being Suaeda salsa by drip irrigation and seedling growth provide intermittent low-salt environment; Adopt " venturi " drip irrigation fertilizer applicator to execute aqueous acidic fertilizer in vegetative growth phase, ensure to complete breeding cycle then, just wild state can afforest this saturated saline soil region every year afterwards.By method of the present invention, solve problems of the prior art.
The implantation methods of a kind of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention saturated heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa, follows these steps to carry out:
Test region design and whole:
A, autumn cut off the water the phase, and artificial or machinery according to physical features wholely, selects the most low-lying place to do catchment, all the other soils carry out smooth, greening plot after smooth is higher than catchment, depression 0.5-0.6m, and greening plot slope aspect points to depression, discrepancy in elevation 4-5cm in the greening plot after smooth;
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried:
B, artificial or the ditching machine in greening plot after smooth is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m, the gravel of the dark particle diameter 1-2cm of 10cm is filled out from bottom to top after trench digging, that lays diameter 125mm on the surface of gravel contains porose pvc pipe, perforated surfaces upward, then on pvc pipe, cover the dark gravel of 10cm, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid, to punch 60/m at the upper surface of pvc pipe, aperture 5mm, then pvc pipe outsourcing 1 layer of geotextiles after punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are as outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe tilts to depression, than falling about 1/600-700, current are controlled at pvc pipe delivery port mounting ball valve,
Lay irrigate band:
C, perpendicular to slope aspect by spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laid irrigate band;
Plantation Suaeda salsa:
D, adopt excavated by manual work V-arrangement plantation ditch along irrigate band, wide 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement plantation ditch, fill out the dark turfy soil of 2cm, irrigate band is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement plantation ditch, then broadcast sowing and the wet sand mixed Suaeda salsa seed of 1:1 by volume in V-arrangement plantation ditch;
Irrigate and fertilising:
E, after planting drip irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days drip irrigations 1 time; After seedling stage, about 7 days drip irrigations once; Venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator is adopted vegetative growth phase to execute aqueous acidic fertile 2 times, 15 days, interval between each.To pour water to plant in ditch not ponding each breeding time is degree at every turn.
The implantation methods of a kind of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention saturated heavily salted soil Suaeda salsa, the feature of the method is:
Integrated bio, engineering, physico-chemical process solve the sustainable Greening problem of saturated heavily salted soil.Improvement plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter structure effectively reduce soil moisture, salinity; Laying irrigate band, open shallow ridges, covering turfy soil measure is that the seed germination of Suaeda salsa creates suitable matrix and mima type microrelief environment; The sprouting that enforcement drip irrigation is Suaeda salsa and seedling growth provide intermittent low-salt environment; Adopt " venturi " drip irrigation fertilizer applicator to achieve large area fertilising, save artificial; Drip irrigation aqueous acidic is fertile, with the alkaline matter of saline soil both, solves again the problem of saline soil available nutrient scarcity.Therefore, take method of the present invention, can change that the soil water is saturated, the baldness heavily salted view of earth's surface salt crust shell, not only improve the ecological environment, and after once afforesting planting success, follow-uply substantially do not need reinvestment and maintenance, just can naturally afforest.The method be arid biogeographic zone extreme environment sustainable greening, beautify and provide technical example.
Embodiment
University city's Red Hill lakeside, embodiment 1(Kelamayi)
A, autumn cut off the water the phase, and, select the most low-lying place to do catchment, all the other soils carry out smooth according to physical features machinery wholely, and the greening plot after smooth is higher than catchment, depression 0.5m, and greening plot slope aspect points to depression, discrepancy in elevation 5cm in the greening plot after smooth;
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried:
B, artificial or the ditching machine in greening plot after smooth is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m, the gravel of the dark particle diameter 1-2cm of 10cm is filled out from bottom to top after trench digging, that lays diameter 125mm on the surface of gravel contains porose pvc pipe, perforated surfaces upward, then on pvc pipe, cover the dark gravel of 10cm, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid, to punch 60/m at the upper surface of pvc pipe, aperture 5mm, then pvc pipe outsourcing 1 layer of geotextiles after punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are as outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe tilts to depression, than falling the about 1/600-700(both pvc pipe head and the tail discrepancy in elevation at two ends and the ratio of pvc pipe horizontal length), current are controlled at pvc pipe delivery port mounting ball valve,
Lay irrigate band:
C, perpendicular to slope aspect by spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laid irrigate band;
Plantation Suaeda salsa:
D, adopt spud excavated by manual work V-arrangement plantation ditch along irrigate band, wide 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement plantation ditch, fill out the dark turfy soil of 2cm, irrigate band is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement plantation ditch, then broadcast sowing and the wet sand mixed Suaeda salsa seed of 1:1 by volume in V-arrangement plantation ditch;
Irrigate and fertilising:
E, after planting drip irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days drip irrigations 1 time; After seedling stage, about 7 days drip irrigations once; Adopt vegetative growth phase venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator to execute aqueous acidic fertile 2 times, 15 days, interval between each, to pour water to plant in ditch not ponding each breeding time is degree at every turn.
Forest park, embodiment 2(Kelamayi wetland)
A, autumn cut off the water the phase, and, select the most low-lying place to do catchment, all the other soils carry out smooth according to physical features machinery wholely, and the greening plot after smooth is higher than catchment, depression 0.6m, and greening plot slope aspect points to depression, discrepancy in elevation 4cm in the greening plot after smooth;
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried:
B, artificial or the ditching machine in greening plot after smooth is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m, the gravel of the dark particle diameter 1-2cm of 10cm is filled out from bottom to top after trench digging, that lays diameter 125mm on the surface of gravel contains porose pvc pipe, perforated surfaces upward, then on pvc pipe, cover the dark gravel of 10cm, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid, to punch 60/m at the upper surface of pvc pipe, aperture 5mm, then pvc pipe outsourcing 1 layer of geotextiles after punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are as outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe tilts to depression, than falling the about 1/600-700(both pvc pipe head and the tail discrepancy in elevation at two ends and the ratio of pvc pipe horizontal length), current are controlled at pvc pipe delivery port mounting ball valve,
Lay irrigate band:
C, perpendicular to slope aspect by spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laid irrigate band;
Plantation Suaeda salsa:
D, adopt spud excavated by manual work V-arrangement plantation ditch along irrigate band, wide 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement plantation ditch, fill out the dark turfy soil of 2cm, irrigate band is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement plantation ditch, then broadcast sowing and the wet sand mixed Suaeda salsa seed of 1:1 by volume in V-arrangement plantation ditch;
Irrigate and fertilising:
E, after planting drip irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days drip irrigations 1 time; After seedling stage, about 7 days drip irrigations once; Adopt vegetative growth phase venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator to execute aqueous acidic fertile 2 times, 15 days, interval between each, to pour water to plant in ditch not ponding each breeding time is degree at every turn.
The method of a kind of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention saturated heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa, the method respectively in Kelamayi university city Red Hill lakeside, forest park, Kelamayi wetland carried out planting experiment, test shows that Suaeda salsa planting percent improves 85% than average before test.Soil Desalting, stain successful, compared with before test, due to the effect of drip irrigation washed out soil salinity and closed drainage engineering, the soil water drops to 18%-20% by 32%-35%, about reduces about 43%; Surface soil salinity reduces 30%-50%.
Claims (1)
1. a method for arid biogeographic zone saturated heavily salted soil plantation Suaeda salsa, is characterized in that following these steps to carry out:
Test region design and whole:
A, autumn cut off the water the phase, and artificial or machinery according to physical features wholely, selects the most low-lying place to do catchment, all the other soils carry out smooth, greening plot after smooth is higher than catchment, depression 0.5-0.6m, and greening plot slope aspect points to depression, discrepancy in elevation 4-5cm in the greening plot after smooth;
Plastic hidden pipe and loaded filter paving are buried:
B, artificial or the ditching machine in greening plot after smooth is ditched along slope aspect, ditch depth 0.5m, furrow width 0.3m, spacing 5m, the gravel of the dark particle diameter 1-2cm of 10cm is filled out from bottom to top after trench digging, that lays diameter 125mm on the surface of gravel contains porose pvc pipe, perforated surfaces upward, then on pvc pipe, cover the dark gravel of 10cm, and earthing is smooth, before wherein pvc pipe is laid, to punch 60/m at the upper surface of pvc pipe, aperture 5mm, then pvc pipe outsourcing 1 layer of geotextiles after punching, geotextiles and gravel layer are as outsourcing filtering layer, pvc pipe tilts to depression, than falling about 1/600-700, current are controlled at pvc pipe delivery port mounting ball valve,
Lay irrigate band:
C, perpendicular to slope aspect by spacing 0.6-0.8m parallel laid irrigate band;
Plantation Suaeda salsa:
D, adopt excavated by manual work V-arrangement plantation ditch along irrigate band, wide 10cm on ditch depth 4cm, ditch, in V-arrangement plantation ditch, fill out the dark turfy soil of 2cm, irrigate band is placed on the centre position of V-arrangement plantation ditch, then broadcast sowing and the wet sand mixed Suaeda salsa seed of 1:1 by volume in V-arrangement plantation ditch;
Irrigate and fertilising:
E, after planting drip irrigation immediately, the seeding stage is every 2 days drip irrigations 1 time; After seedling stage, 7 days drip irrigations once; Venturi drip irrigation fertilizer applicator is adopted vegetative growth phase to execute aqueous acidic fertile 2 times, 15 days, interval between each.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258441A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of water saving keeps away the vegetation implantation methods of Yan Gou both sides |
| CN106358685A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for drip irrigation planting of suaeda salsa in saline-alkali land |
| CN106385843A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for increasing leaching efficiency of soil salinity in plough layer |
| CN106386065A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Film-covering and punching planting method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow River irrigation district |
| CN107593021A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-19 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method for persistently making desert soil using plantation |
| CN108391563A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-08-14 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method |
| CN108575604A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 盐城市大丰区绿洲农业发展有限公司 | The pattern of farming and implantation methods of greenhouse salinization soil |
| CN112243629A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Sustainable method for arid region farmland salt irrigation based on crop rotation halophyte |
| CN113875484A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Halophyte planting method for high-water-level heavy saline-alkali soil in arid region |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258441A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of water saving keeps away the vegetation implantation methods of Yan Gou both sides |
| CN106358685A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for drip irrigation planting of suaeda salsa in saline-alkali land |
| CN106385843A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for increasing leaching efficiency of soil salinity in plough layer |
| CN106386065A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Film-covering and punching planting method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow River irrigation district |
| CN107593021A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-19 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method for persistently making desert soil using plantation |
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| CN108391563A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-08-14 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method |
| CN108391563B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method |
| CN108575604A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 盐城市大丰区绿洲农业发展有限公司 | The pattern of farming and implantation methods of greenhouse salinization soil |
| CN112243629A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Sustainable method for arid region farmland salt irrigation based on crop rotation halophyte |
| CN112243629B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Sustainable method for arid region farmland salt irrigation based on crop rotation halophyte |
| CN113875484A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Halophyte planting method for high-water-level heavy saline-alkali soil in arid region |
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