CN105359783B - Three method sequential cropping cultivation method of Aplotaxis auriculata - Google Patents
Three method sequential cropping cultivation method of Aplotaxis auriculata Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 244000272264 Saussurea lappa Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000006784 Saussurea lappa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000254032 Acrididae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001367013 Ctenoplusia agnata Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008495 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000192528 Chrysanthemum parthenium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000604 Chrysanthemum parthenium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005947 Dimethoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 1
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011981 development test Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008384 feverfew Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-HBGVWJBISA-N rotenone Chemical compound O([C@H](CC1=C2O3)C(C)=C)C1=CC=C2C(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H]3COC2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-HBGVWJBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N rotenone Natural products O1C2=C3CC(C(C)=C)OC3=CC=C2C(=O)C2C1COC1=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OCC YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses three method sequential cropping cultivation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata.The present invention includes digging that small method, root of the tail is stayed to make kind of a method, self seed method greatly；Wherein, it is to cut out 3 years adult main roots in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seedling is not dug, it is allowed to stay in continued growth in ground to dig and stay small method greatly；It is to plant Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail part in excavation that root of the tail, which makees kind of a method, and 12 plants are planted per nest, 5 ㎝ are divided between kind root；Self seed method is in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seed is scattered naturally in ground, and Heavy snow covering can grow seedling after the spring in next year, then press 25 ㎝ of spacing in the rows, 35 ㎝ thinnings of line-spacing.The cultural method of the present invention can make Aplotaxis auriculata constantly growth harvesting year after year in same piece of land, broken the way that Aplotaxis auriculata needs every crop rotation in 36 years completely, the utilization rate in soil greatly improved；And yield also increases substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods, and in particular to be three method sequential cropping cultivation method of Aplotaxis auriculata.
Background technology
Aplotaxis auriculata Auklandia japoa Decne. (medicinal of feverfew) Aplotaxis auriculata does not belong to China and originates in, and is one
External product.Nineteen thirty-five Yunnan Province Heqing nationality businessman Zhang Xiangchen engages in trade in India Calcutta, by 0.5 kilogram of Aplotaxis auriculata seed and plants
Culture method is taken back, and plant planted experimentally in Li Jiang County of Yunnan Province Shandong ten days, after succeeding, be gradually generalized to other provinces and regions, as Hubei,
The ground such as Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Tibet.It is proved by the plantation of decades, is produced with Lijiang Yunnan
It is best to measure the biggest quality, therefore has the title of Aplotaxis auriculata in Chinese herbal medicine industry.
Sichuan Province is to introduce the plantation of the ground such as Wan County, Fuling, the Liangshan Mountain, Mianyang, Kai Xian, Nanchuan from Yunnan within 1958 to obtain into
Work(.Xuanhan County from nineteen sixty-five from Lijiang, yunnan introduce chicken of the Aplotaxis auriculata plantation in the areas Fan Kuai sing, freedom, river mouth, the areas such as ferry
Alpine region plant experimentally.The region has soil layer deep, and the high cloud and mist in mountain is more, and weather cools moistening, the moderate spy for being not easy ponding of the gradient
Point very adapts to the growth of Aplotaxis auriculata.After purchase in 1966 is 82 kilograms, 3 years, average yield per mu is about 300~500 kilograms.Mesh
Before, about 50,000 mu of whole county Aplotaxis auriculata cultivated area, annual output reaches 5,000,000 kilograms.It is proved by the plantation of nearly half a century
Successful introduction has become one of main large kind of Xuanhan County's Chinese medicine.But with the development of Chinese Medicine Industry, Xuanhan County's cloud
The contradiction accumulated for a long time in root of Aucklandia lappa Decne production increasingly shows, and embodies a concentrated expression of：Continuous cropping in 6 years is changed crops strives ground, seed growing week with forest
Phase property is long, and largely transfer needs a large amount of labours to put into particularly thorny, Aplotaxis auriculata production cost to rural laborer with Aplotaxis auriculata production
Increase, seriously constrains the development of Xuanhan County's Aplotaxis auriculata production, there is an urgent need to Aplotaxis auriculata sequential cropping cultivation Integration ofTechnologies.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods that can constantly grow harvesting Aplotaxis auriculata year after year.
Realize that technical scheme is as follows：
Three method sequential cropping cultivation method of Aplotaxis auriculata, including dig and small method, root of the tail is stayed to make kind of a method, self seed method greatly；
Wherein, it is to cut out 3 years adult main roots in excavation to dig and stay small method greatly, and Aplotaxis auriculata seedling is not dug, and allows its conduct
Seed is planted in continued growth in ground；
It is to plant Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail part in excavation that root of the tail, which makees kind of a method, 1-2 plants is planted per nest, kind root interval
For 5 ㎝；
Self seed method is in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seed is scattered naturally in ground, and Heavy snow covers, after the spring in next year i.e.
Seedling can be grown, 25 ㎝ of spacing in the rows, 35 ㎝ thinnings of line-spacing are then pressed.
Further, the Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail length for being used for plantation is 10-15 ㎝, a diameter of 1.4-1.6 ㎝；Incline in plantation
Tiltedly it is positioned in nest.
Still further, Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail is 13-17 ° in nest introversion rake angle.As a preferred embodiment, angle of inclination is
15°。
Further, Aplotaxis auriculata excavation period is during the 10-11 month.
In addition, the Aplotaxis auriculata plantation is on the hillside fields or tableland that the gradient is 45 ° or more.
In addition, carrying out culture underglass using mulch in the Aplotaxis auriculata time of infertility.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects：
The cultural method of the present invention can make Aplotaxis auriculata constantly growth harvesting year after year in same piece of land, break completely
Aplotaxis auriculata needs, per the way of 3-6 crop rotations, the utilization rate in soil to greatly improved；And Aplotaxis auriculata seed is sowed 3 years and is just adopted
It receives, and root of the tail makees kind of a cultivation and only needs can harvest within 2 years；The Aplotaxis auriculata robust seedling of root of the tail plantation is emerged, and early, growth is fast.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment
Three method sequential cropping cultivation method of Aplotaxis auriculata, including dig and small method, root of the tail is stayed to make kind of a method, self seed method greatly；
Wherein, it is to cut out 3 years adult main roots in excavation to dig and stay small method greatly, and Aplotaxis auriculata seedling is not dug, and allows its conduct
Seed is planted in continued growth in ground.
It is to plant Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail part in excavation that root of the tail, which makees kind of a method, 1-2 plants is planted per nest, kind root interval
For 5 ㎝；Specifically, the Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail length for being used for plantation is 10-15 ㎝, a diameter of 1.4-1.6 ㎝；It tilts and puts in plantation
It is placed in nest.Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail is 13-17 ° in nest introversion rake angle.
Self seed method is in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seed is scattered naturally in ground, and Heavy snow covers, after the spring in next year i.e.
Seedling can be grown, 25 ㎝ of spacing in the rows, 35 ㎝ thinnings of line-spacing are then pressed.
Above-mentioned cultural method is after planting carried out for the first time, when after planting being excavated for the first time, is carried out according to above-mentioned three method
Cultivation can constantly grow harvesting year after year, broken Aplotaxis auriculata completely and needed, per the way of 3-6 crop rotations, soil to greatly improved
The utilization rate on ground；And three annual yield of method using the present invention increases 20% compared to traditional.
In addition, during Aplotaxis auriculata excavation period is the 10-11 months.The 10-11 months why are selected to be excavated, because of this phase
Between be period that dry matter in Aplotaxis auriculata and active constituent content accumulation reach higher level.So inventor is directed to Aplotaxis auriculata
The difference of seed harvest time has done following experiment：
Devise 4 processing, i.e. mid-August (A), mid-September (B), mid-October (C), mid-November (D).3 weights
Multiple, 4.32 square metres of plot area (2.7m × 1.6m) (including the furrow width 0.30m of compartment), row nest spacing is 33cm × 34cm, and cell is broadcast
32 nests.Test result shows：In terms of fresh goods yield, C yield highests are handled, are 29050.93kg/hm2, D, B are followed by handled,
It is minimum to handle A, is 20879.63kg/hm2.C Dried product highests are handled, are 8279.52kg/hm2, l relatively processing D growths
2.97%, it relatively handles B and increases by 8.31%, relatively handle A and increase by 51.06%；Processing D Dried products are 8041.08kg/hm2, relatively locate
B volume increase 5.19% is managed, A volume increase 46.71% is relatively handled；Processing B Dried products are 7644.10kg/hm2, relatively handle A volume increase
39.47%.
1 different disposal root of Aucklandia lappa Decne Yield comparison of table
2 variance analysis of table
| Source of variation | DF | SS | MS | F | F005 | F001 |
| Section group | 2 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 3.71 | 5.04 | 10.29 |
| Between processing | 3 | 23.09 | 7.70 | 220.0 | 4.26 | 9.78 |
| Test error | 6 | 0.21 | 0.035 | |||
| Total variation | 11 |
What is taken is that duncan's new multiple range method (SSR methods) carries out the relatively test of multiple compound ratio.
In addition, experiment of the inventor for root of the tail cultivation and seed growing group：
In three pier Tujia township's height above sea level, 1600 villages meter great Wo, design seed growing group (I) and root of the tail make kind of a cultivation group
(II) 2 each 5 mu of field of experiment.Root of the tail makees kind of a cultivation：When excavating in Aplotaxis auriculata autumn, by Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail part
10--15cm, in diameter 1.5cm or so, brood 1-2 plants of root of the tail of plantation plants root interval 5cm, and kind root is tiltedly put in nest, tiltedly puts angle
Degree is at 15 degree or so.Test result shows (table 3)：(I) one week 26354.17 ㎏ of (3 years) phase fresh goods average product/hm is organized2, do
7361.4 ㎏ of product average product/hm2；(II) period (1 year) 13275.09 ㎏ of fresh goods average product/hm is organized2, dry product averagely produces
Measure 3715.7 ㎏/hm2, 3 years 39825.27 ㎏ of accumulative fresh goods yield/hm2, 11147.1 ㎏ of dry product average product/hm2.(II) it produces
Amount be apparently higher than (I), and can continuous cropping, (I) produce two periods after must change crops, the other crops of crop rotation.
The different cultivation root of Aucklandia lappa Decne Yield comparison units of table 3：㎏/h㎡
In addition, the present invention carries out culture underglass in the Aplotaxis auriculata time of infertility using mulch.Emergence rate can greatly be improved.
Specifically：By plastic film mulching cultivation Aplotaxis auriculata, emergence rate was up to 20.36-up to 90% or more, 2 year raw main root
42.71cm；Maximum rough is up to 3.37~5.40cm；Drying rate reaches 31.60%-34.74%；Maximum output is up to 10032kg/
hm2；Total ash is less than 4%, and acid insoluble ash is less than 2%.
It is worth noting that Aplotaxis auriculata of the invention is preferably planted on the hillside fields or tableland that the gradient is 45 ° or more.In this way
Pest and disease damage can effectively be prevented.Specific experiment proves as follows：
With dividing 20 °, 30 °, 45 ° three of the above of gradient block type has carried out different prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control development tests, experiment knot
Fruit shows：
(1) root rot：For the root of Aucklandia lappa Decne of 45 ° of the gradient or more plot plantation without root rot, 20 ° of plot root of Aucklandia lappa Decne root rot of the gradient are tight
Weight, 30 ° of plot root of Aucklandia lappa Decne of the gradient have slight root rot.Plot generally originates at the beginning of 5 months, with 1000 times of 50% thiophanate when morbidity
Liquid or 50% 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim spray roots.
(2) insect pest：Predominantly aphid, three-spotted plusia, grasshopper is caused harm cauline leaf.Control method：40% dimethoate emulsion of aphid
Every 7 days 1 time of 1500 times of liquid；Three-spotted plusia 90% metrifonate, 800 times of liquid；Grasshopper 7.5% derris extract, 800 times of liquid, every 7 days one
It is secondary, it is 3-4 times continuous.
According to above example, so that it may to realize the present invention well.
Claims (5)
- Aplotaxis auriculata 1. " three methods " sequential cropping cultivation method, which is characterized in that stay small method, root of the tail to make kind of a method, self seed greatly including digging Method；Wherein, it is to cut out 3 years adult main roots in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seedling is not dug, and allows it as seed to dig and stay small method greatly It is planted in continued growth in ground；A root of the tail work kind method is to plant Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail part in excavation, and 1-2 plants are planted per nest, 5 are divided between kind root ㎝；Self seed method is in excavation, and Aplotaxis auriculata seed is scattered naturally in ground, and Heavy snow covering is president after the spring in next year Go out seedling, then presses 25 ㎝ of spacing in the rows, 35 ㎝ thinnings of line-spacing；Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail length for plantation is 10-15 ㎝, a diameter of 1.4-1.6㎝；In plantation, slant setting is in nest.
- 2. Aplotaxis auriculata " three methods " sequential cropping cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that Aplotaxis auriculata root of the tail is in nest Angle of inclination is 13-17 °.
- 3. Aplotaxis auriculata " three methods " sequential cropping cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that when Aplotaxis auriculata is excavated During phase is the 10-11 months.
- 4. Aplotaxis auriculata " three methods " sequential cropping cultivation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the Aplotaxis auriculata plantation exists On the hillside fields or tableland that the gradient is 45 ° or more.
- 5. Aplotaxis auriculata " three methods " sequential cropping cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the Aplotaxis auriculata time of infertility Culture underglass is carried out using mulch.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785397A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-28 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method for aucklandia lappa decne |
| CN101878715A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Saussurea lappa fine variety breeding method |
| CN101884284A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for intercropping rhizoma bletillae and aplotaxis auriculata |
| CN102972180A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Autumn sowing planting method for radix aucklandiae in southwest high attitude area |
-
2015
- 2015-11-09 CN CN201510754628.5A patent/CN105359783B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785397A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-07-28 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield cultivation method for aucklandia lappa decne |
| CN101878715A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-10 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Saussurea lappa fine variety breeding method |
| CN101884284A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2010-11-17 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Method for intercropping rhizoma bletillae and aplotaxis auriculata |
| CN102972180A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Autumn sowing planting method for radix aucklandiae in southwest high attitude area |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《云木香丰产栽培技术》;李林玉等;《云南农业科技》;20120125(第1期);第48-50页 * |
| 《云木香生物学特性及播种期研究》;钱齐妮等;《现代农业科技》;20120810(第15期);第1节生物学特性研究－第2节播种期研究 * |
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Address after: 636150, three rural streets, Xuanhan County, Dazhou, Sichuan Patentee after: Sichuan Longshen Chinese Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Address before: 636150, three rural streets, Xuanhan County, Dazhou, Sichuan Patentee before: Sichuan Longshen traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd. Address after: 636150, three rural streets, Xuanhan County, Dazhou, Sichuan Patentee after: Sichuan Longshen traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd. Address before: 636150, three rural streets, Xuanhan County, Dazhou, Sichuan Patentee before: XUANHAN LONGSEN CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINE PLANTING Co.,Ltd. |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Cultivation method of Yunmuxiang three-way continuous cropping Effective date of registration: 20220824 Granted publication date: 20181002 Pledgee: Dazhou Bank Co.,Ltd. Xuanhan County Sub branch Pledgor: Sichuan Longshen Chinese Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022510000252 |
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| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PC01 | Cancellation of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Granted publication date: 20181002 Pledgee: Dazhou Bank Co.,Ltd. Xuanhan County Sub branch Pledgor: Sichuan Longshen Chinese Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022510000252 |