CN105350288B - 一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂及其制备方法，其原料按重量份包括：烷基磷羧酸盐20‑25份，聚羧酸盐10‑15份，纳米石油醚5‑8份，纳米氮化硅14‑18份，硬脂酸4‑9份，脂肪醇24‑28份，聚磷酸17‑21份，脂肪酸甘油酯6‑10份，十二烷基硫酸钠11‑14份，偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐16‑21份，多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯20‑25份，甲基丙烯酰胺13‑17份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯15‑19份，苯乙烯14‑18份，丙烯酸甲酯11‑16份，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯12‑17份，乙酸乙烯7‑13份，去离子水50‑55份，过硫酸铵3‑6份。本发明通过降低纤维的表面张力赋予纤维优异的拒水和拒油性能，通过导电材料在织物表面通过电晕放电赋予织物优异的抗静电性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及整理剂技术领域，尤其涉及一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
纺织品在日常应用中容易被沾污，需要经常清洗，但是在此过程中，不同织物之间会再次发生沾污，而且洗涤废水也会给环境带来二次污染，因此开发自清洁织物十分必要，自清洁织物的制造途径大体可分为3种：1、光催化改变织物表面结构，织物表面改性，光催化是通过在织物表面附着TiO2等具有光氧化催化能力的光催化剂，这类光催化剂在紫外线或阳光的照射下能释放出电子，与空气中的氧气发生反应，产生具有强氧化能力的氧自由基，能使沾附在织物上的有机污垢氧化降解，最终形成二氧化碳和水，这类光氧化剂自清洁的条件是需要高能量的紫外线照射，而且作用时间比较长，在紫外线照射件下一般需要24h，在日光照射下则需10d左右，因而这类产品更多地适用于户外场合，如外墙涂料、幕墙玻璃等；2、通过仿生学改变织物的表面结构，使之形成微乳状突出表面的“荷叶结构”，从而赋予织物以优异的拒水效果，是制造具有自清洁效能织物的有效途径，该方法采用超细纤维制成超高密度拒水透气的织物，或者用硅溶胶类材料及某些金属盐在织物表面通过自组装方式形成纳米级沉积物，使之具有微乳状的表面结构，得到具有超拒水性能或抗菌抑菌能力的织物，污垢不易沾附或易于水洗去除，这类织物具有极大的发展潜力，但距产业化尚有距离；3、通过织物表面改性，使之同时兼具优异的拒水、拒油、易去污、抗静电等自清洁性能，是目前相对成熟、易于产业化的加工方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其制备方法如下：
S1：抗静电剂的制备，将烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸混合，在50-60℃下搅拌反应4-6小时后，制得微黄色透明液体，即为抗静电剂；
S2：有机氟拒水拒油整理剂的制备，在去离子水中加入脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐，在高速剪切乳化机中搅拌11-17分钟，然后加入多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和乙酸乙烯继续混合搅拌30-50分钟，接着加入过硫酸铵在80-100℃下反应8-12小时后，制得有机氟拒水拒油整理剂；
S3：抗静电整理液的调配，将去离子水和抗静电剂混合，制得10-30％的抗静电整理液A、40-60％的抗静电整理液B和70-90％的抗静电整理液C，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成1-4mm厚的液层，接着在100-120℃的烤箱内烘干3-5小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜的表面电阻，得到理想的抗静电剂；
S4：拒水拒油整理液的调配，将去离子水和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂混合，制得25-35％的拒水拒油整理液A、45-55％的拒水拒油整理液B和65-75％的拒水拒油整理液C，同时调节溶液pH值使其为4.5-5.0，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成2-5mm厚的液层，接着在120-140℃的烤箱内烘干4-7小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜油相和水相中的接触角，得到理想的拒水拒油剂；
S5：混合整理液的调配，将理想的抗静电剂和理想的拒水拒油剂按重量比为5-8:6-9加入去离子水中进行混合，制得15-35％的混合整理液A、35-55％的混合整理液B和55-75％的混合整理液C；
S6：将织物在抗静电剂中浸轧5-8小时后，在75-85℃下烘干3-7小时，然后在140-150℃下烘焙1.5-3.5小时后，在拒水拒油剂中浸轧4-7小时，接着在65-75℃下烘干2-6小时后，在150-160℃下烘焙1-3小时，再在混合整理液中浸轧3-6小时后，在70-80℃下烘干4-5小时，最后在180-200℃下烘焙1-1.5小时后，制得抗静电性与自清洁功能织物。
优选地，所述S1中烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸的重量比为21-24:11-14:6-7:15-17:5-8:25-27:18-20。
优选地，所述S2中脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐的重量比为7-9:12-13:17-20。
优选地，所述S2中多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯的重量比为21-24:14-16:16-18:12-15:13-16。
本发明中，用纳米抗静电剂和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂浸轧，通过降低纤维的表面张力赋予纤维优异的拒水和拒油性能，导电材料在织物表面通过电晕放电赋予织物优异的抗静电性能，使涤纶织物获得理想的抗静电和抗水相油相效果，同时采用二步法工艺与一步法工艺相结合的生产方式，不仅可使涤纶织物兼具优良的拒水拒油性、抗静电性和防尘性，而且能整理样品具有优良的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度，在有自洁净要求的领域具有实际应用价值，所得产品可用于有自清洁要求的服装、家纺和产业用纺织品。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂，其原料按重量份包括：烷基磷羧酸盐20份，聚羧酸盐10份，纳米石油醚5份，纳米氮化硅14份，硬脂酸4份，脂肪醇24份，聚磷酸17份，脂肪酸甘油酯6份，十二烷基硫酸钠11份，偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐16份，多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯20份，甲基丙烯酰胺13份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯15份，苯乙烯14份，丙烯酸甲酯11份，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯12份，乙酸乙烯7份，去离子水50份，过硫酸铵3份。
本实施例还提出了一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其制备方法如下：
S1：抗静电剂的制备，将烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸混合，在50℃下搅拌反应4小时后，制得微黄色透明液体，即为抗静电剂；
S2：有机氟拒水拒油整理剂的制备，在去离子水中加入脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐，在高速剪切乳化机中搅拌11分钟，然后加入多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和乙酸乙烯继续混合搅拌30分钟，接着加入过硫酸铵在80℃下反应8小时后，制得有机氟拒水拒油整理剂；
S3：抗静电整理液的调配，将去离子水和抗静电剂混合，制得10％的抗静电整理液A、40％的抗静电整理液B和70％的抗静电整理液C，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成1mm厚的液层，接着在100℃的烤箱内烘干3小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜的表面电阻，得到理想的抗静电剂；
S4：拒水拒油整理液的调配，将去离子水和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂混合，制得25％的拒水拒油整理液A、45％的拒水拒油整理液B和65％的拒水拒油整理液C，同时调节溶液pH值使其为4.5，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成2mm厚的液层，接着在120℃的烤箱内烘干4小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜油相和水相中的接触角，得到理想的拒水拒油剂；
S5：混合整理液的调配，将理想的抗静电剂和理想的拒水拒油剂按重量比为5:6加入去离子水中进行混合，制得15％的混合整理液A、35％的混合整理液B和55％的混合整理液C；
S6：抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备，将织物在抗静电剂中浸轧5小时后，在75℃下烘干3小时，然后在140℃下烘焙1.5小时后，在拒水拒油剂中浸轧4小时，接着在65℃下烘干2小时后，在150℃下烘焙1小时，再在混合整理液中浸轧3小时后，在70℃下烘干4小时，最后在180℃下烘焙1小时后，制得抗静电性与自清洁功能织物。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂，其原料按重量份包括：烷基磷羧酸盐23份，聚羧酸盐13份，纳米石油醚6份，纳米氮化硅16份，硬脂酸7份，脂肪醇26份，聚磷酸19份，脂肪酸甘油酯8份，十二烷基硫酸钠12份，偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐18份，多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯23份，甲基丙烯酰胺15份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯17份，苯乙烯16份，丙烯酸甲酯14份，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯15份，乙酸乙烯10份，去离子水53份，过硫酸铵4份。
本实施例还提出了一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其制备方法如下：
S1：抗静电剂的制备，将烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸混合，在55℃下搅拌反应5小时后，制得微黄色透明液体，即为抗静电剂；
S2：有机氟拒水拒油整理剂的制备，在去离子水中加入脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐，在高速剪切乳化机中搅拌14分钟，然后加入多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和乙酸乙烯继续混合搅拌40分钟，接着加入过硫酸铵在90℃下反应10小时后，制得有机氟拒水拒油整理剂；
S3：抗静电整理液的调配，将去离子水和抗静电剂混合，制得20％的抗静电整理液A、50％的抗静电整理液B和80％的抗静电整理液C，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成2mm厚的液层，接着在110℃的烤箱内烘干4小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜的表面电阻，得到理想的抗静电剂；
S4：拒水拒油整理液的调配，将去离子水和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂混合，制得30％的拒水拒油整理液A、50％的拒水拒油整理液B和70％的拒水拒油整理液C，同时调节溶液pH值使其为4.8，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成3mm厚的液层，接着在130℃的烤箱内烘干5小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜油相和水相中的接触角，得到理想的拒水拒油剂；
S5：混合整理液的调配，将理想的抗静电剂和理想的拒水拒油剂按重量比为6:7加入去离子水中进行混合，制得25％的混合整理液A、45％的混合整理液B和65％的混合整理液C；
S6：抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备，将织物在抗静电剂中浸轧6小时后，在80℃下烘干5小时，然后在145℃下烘焙2.5小时后，在拒水拒油剂中浸轧5小时，接着在70℃下烘干4小时后，在155℃下烘焙2小时，再在混合整理液中浸轧4小时后，在75℃下烘干4.5小时，最后在190℃下烘焙1.3小时后，制得抗静电性与自清洁功能织物。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的整理剂，其原料按重量份包括：烷基磷羧酸盐25份，聚羧酸盐15份，纳米石油醚8份，纳米氮化硅18份，硬脂酸9份，脂肪醇28份，聚磷酸21份，脂肪酸甘油酯10份，十二烷基硫酸钠14份，偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐21份，多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯25份，甲基丙烯酰胺17份，甲基丙烯酸甲酯19份，苯乙烯18份，丙烯酸甲酯16份，甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯17份，乙酸乙烯13份，去离子水55份，过硫酸铵6份。
本实施例还提出了一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其制备方法如下：
S1：抗静电剂的制备，将烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸混合，在60℃下搅拌反应6小时后，制得微黄色透明液体，即为抗静电剂；
S2：有机氟拒水拒油整理剂的制备，在去离子水中加入脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐，在高速剪切乳化机中搅拌17分钟，然后加入多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和乙酸乙烯继续混合搅拌50分钟，接着加入过硫酸铵在100℃下反应12小时后，制得有机氟拒水拒油整理剂；
S3：抗静电整理液的调配，将去离子水和抗静电剂混合，制得30％的抗静电整理液A、60％的抗静电整理液B和90％的抗静电整理液C，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成4mm厚的液层，接着在120℃的烤箱内烘干5小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜的表面电阻，得到理想的抗静电剂；
S4：拒水拒油整理液的调配，将去离子水和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂混合，制得35％的拒水拒油整理液A、55％的拒水拒油整理液B和75％的拒水拒油整理液C，同时调节溶液pH值使其为5.0，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成5mm厚的液层，接着在140℃的烤箱内烘干7小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜油相和水相中的接触角，得到理想的拒水拒油剂；
S5：混合整理液的调配，将理想的抗静电剂和理想的拒水拒油剂按重量比为8:9加入去离子水中进行混合，制得35％的混合整理液A、55％的混合整理液B和75％的混合整理液C；
S6：抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备，将织物在抗静电剂中浸轧8小时后，在85℃下烘干7小时，然后在150℃下烘焙3.5小时后，在拒水拒油剂中浸轧7小时，接着在75℃下烘干6小时后，在160℃下烘焙3小时，再在混合整理液中浸轧6小时后，在80℃下烘干5小时，最后在200℃下烘焙1.5小时后，制得抗静电性与自清洁功能织物。
对实施例1-3进行性能对比实验，对照组选用市售某款织物，实验数据如下表所示：由表中可以得出结论：本发明具有优良的拒水拒油性、抗静电性和防尘性能，同时调节生产过程中的工艺参数是整理样品具有优良的耐洗和耐摩擦牢度，在有自洁净要求的领域具有实际应用价值。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其特征在于，其制备方法如下：
S1：抗静电剂的制备，将烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸混合，在50-60℃下搅拌反应4-6小时后，制得微黄色透明液体，即为抗静电剂；
S2：有机氟拒水拒油整理剂的制备，在去离子水中加入脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐，在高速剪切乳化机中搅拌11-17分钟，然后加入多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和乙酸乙烯继续混合搅拌30-50分钟，接着加入过硫酸铵在80-100℃下反应8-12小时后，制得有机氟拒水拒油整理剂；
S3：抗静电整理液的调配，将去离子水和抗静电剂混合，制得10-30％的抗静电整理液A、40-60％的抗静电整理液B和70-90％的抗静电整理液C，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成1-4mm厚的液层，接着在100-120℃的烤箱内烘干3-5小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜的表面电阻，得到理想的抗静电剂；
S4：拒水拒油整理液的调配，将去离子水和有机氟拒水拒油整理剂混合，制得25-35％的拒水拒油整理液A、45-55％的拒水拒油整理液B和65-75％的拒水拒油整理液C，同时调节溶液pH值使其为4.5-5.0，然后分别将其置于玻璃皿中形成2-5mm厚的液层，接着在120-140℃的烤箱内烘干4-7小时，使之完全成膜，分别测定并比较薄膜油相和水相中的接触角，得到理想的拒水拒油剂；
S5：混合整理液的调配，将理想的抗静电剂和理想的拒水拒油剂按重量比为5-8:6-9加入去离子水中进行混合，制得15-35％的混合整理液A、35-55％的混合整理液B和55-75％的混合整理液C；
S6：将织物在抗静电剂中浸轧5-8小时后，在75-85℃下烘干3-7小时，然后在140-150℃下烘焙1.5-3.5小时后，在拒水拒油剂中浸轧4-7小时，接着在65-75℃下烘干2-6小时后，在150-160℃下烘焙1-3小时，再在混合整理液中浸轧3-6小时后，在70-80℃下烘干4-5小时，最后在180-200℃下烘焙1-1.5小时后，制得抗静电性与自清洁功能织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S1中烷基磷羧酸盐、聚羧酸盐、纳米石油醚、纳米氮化硅、硬脂酸、脂肪醇和聚磷酸的重量比为21-24:11-14:6-7:15-17:5-8:25-27:18-20。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S2中脂肪酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐的重量比为7-9:12-13:17-20。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗静电性与自清洁功能织物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S2中多氟烷基硅丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯的重量比为21-24:14-16:16-18:12-15:13-16。
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