CN105272396B - A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272396B CN105272396B CN201510643491.6A CN201510643491A CN105272396B CN 105272396 B CN105272396 B CN 105272396B CN 201510643491 A CN201510643491 A CN 201510643491A CN 105272396 B CN105272396 B CN 105272396B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, this method will first be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, rape cake 1~5:100:20 in mass ratio~50 mixing, then aerobic fermentation 20~25 days in compost reactor are successively dried, crush, and recycle Fe therein by externally-applied magnetic field3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.The content of Heavy Metals in Sludge, but also the Fe recycled can be not only greatly lowered in this method3O4Reusable after chitosan magnetic microsphere is activated, the sludge composting obtained after fermentation can be used as the raw material of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Sludge Composting processing method, specially a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant compost
Change processing method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the continuous propulsion of China's urbanization, the promotion of sewage treatment scale and efficiency, the generation number of sludge
Amount constantly increases, and the huge processing load in municipal sewage plant makes " sludge besieged city " to become each metropolitan development bottleneck.City
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter rich in etc. be to the advantageous nutritional ingredient of plant growth in city's sewage treatment plant excess sludge, therefore
Sludge landfill characteristics are a kind of sludge disposal methods for being relatively suitble to China's national situation.But together with the nutritional ingredient in sludge
The harmful substances such as pathogen and heavy metal element are gone back into soil, the master in China excess sludge of municipal sewage plant
It wants heavy metal to have Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Ni etc., agricultural sludge directly certainly will be generated into irreversible murder by poisoning to environment, there are two
The possibility of secondary pollution.Compost treatment is one of the important channel of sewage sludge harmlessness and recycling.Although sludge is by Composting
After reason, wherein pathogen and parasitic ovum can be effectively killed, the content of beary metal before and after compost is declined, and heavy metal
Form have a greater change, and the biological effectiveness of heavy metal is related to its morphology, but Composting treatment can not be gone
Except the heavy metal in sludge, therefore, heavy metal is easily in soil and crop cylinder accumulation in sludge composting application, to become
The most important limiting factor of its land use.
Using adsorbent go removing heavy metals have have a wide range of application, high treating effect, the characteristics such as reusable.At this stage
Using the more active carbon adsorbent of adsorbent, natural minerals adsorbent (such as swelled ground, montmorillonite, sepiolite, sponge iron,
Attapulgite etc.), solid waste adsorbent (powder after such as cinder, clinker, flyash, straw burning) is inorganic
Object adsorbent (such as magnesium salts, MnO2Deng), ion exchange resin, chitosan and newest nano adsorption material etc..Wherein, common
Active carbon and zeolite it is lower to heavy metal adsorption capacity, regeneration is difficult, higher cost；Although nano material because surface area is big and
Nano effect and have the advantages that adsorption capacity is high, but recycle difficulty be still the biggest problem.
Magnetic composite microsphere, which refers to, forms organic polymer in conjunction with inorganic magnetic particle by appropriate preparation method
Composite material with specific microstructure and function.Common preparation method has: suspension polymerization, dispersion copolymerization method, lotion
Polymerization, blending investment, chemical transformation and controllable free-radical polymerisation method etc..The introducing of organic high molecular compound inhibits
The mutual aggregation of microballoon increases the skin effect of particle convenient for the manipulation and dispersion of complex microsphere.In the magnetization of externally-applied magnetic field
Under driving, the complex microsphere with superparamagnetism shows magnetism, does not show magnetism after removing external magnetic field, therefore can quickly have
Realize separation in effect ground.Because magnetic composite microsphere has the characteristics that adsorption capacity height, Yi Huishou, at present both at home and abroad as novel
Functional material has been widely applied in multiple fields such as biology, medicine, separation engineerings, the application in environmental area
Also start to be taken seriously.
Research and application of the magnetic composite microsphere in environmental area at present is concentrated mainly in water process and goes to heavy metal
It removes, such as Agrawal has studied a kind of iron oxide load gelatin particle to Cr6+Adsorption effect, result of study shows this
Material is in acid condition to Cr6+There is good removal effect, and can be with the Cr of Adsorption low concentration6+.The life such as Zhu
Object fermentation method has synthesized Fe3O4/ cellulose, result of study show this material to heavy metal Pb2+, Mn2+And Cr3+It all has very well
Removal effect, desorption-adsorption test can reuse after showing material desorption, and adsorption capacity is held essentially constant.
Chen etc. is prepared for size not equal chitosan magnetic nanosphere by coprecipitation, by it to Cu in water2+Absorption grind
Study carefully and shows that material is to Cu when nanoparticle size is in 8~40nm2+Adsorption effect it is best, adsorption capacity is up to 35.5mg/
G, removal rate is 90% or more.Zhang etc. is using 3- propyl trimethoxy silicane as function monomer, using ethyl orthosilicate as crosslinking
Fe has been made in agent3O4@SiO2II P of@, this magnetic microsphere is to Pb2+With Selective adsorption, the experimental results showed that material is to Pb2+
Maximum adsorption capacity reach 19.61mg/g, removal rate is 98% or more.At this stage, magnetic composite microsphere is in sludge
Removing heavy metals using less.
Crudefiber crop is one of the natural fiber that the mankind utilize earliest, mainly includes ramie, flax, bluish dogbane, jute, hemp, sword
Fiber crops and abaca etc., wherein most advantageous flaxen fiber is ramie.Ramie (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud.) belongs to nettle
Section (Urticaceae) Section of Genus Boehmeria (Boehmeria Jacq.) perennial herb plant is known as " China's grass " in the world,
China is the source area of ramie.The ramie yield in China accounts for global 90%, and 80% ramie product outlet accounts for world ramie
60% or more of country textile trade volume has extremely strong international competitiveness；Ramie dress ornament have it is well-pressed, elegant, slim and graceful, nice and cool,
The advantages that ventilative, anti-(suppression) bacterium, belongs to luxury goods；Ramie industry is the traditional national industry in China, belongs to labour-intensive and produces
Industry, the employee to obtain employment in China's ramie industrial chain are up to millions of.Compared with other bast fibers, ramee has fibre
Dimension is long, intensity is big, corrosion resistant anti-mildew, absorbs and distributes that moisture is fast and white is presented in characteristics, the high-quality ramie long fibre such as rapid heat dissipation,
And having silk shape gloss, the variation of the cross-sectional area of ramee in its longitudinal direction is very big, and there are many sieve-meshs on fiber
Structure.
Ramie is a kind of perennial root nonirrigated farmland Herbaceous Fiber crop, and underground root system is commonly called as " the numb root and stem of certain plants ".The numb root and stem of certain plants from
My updating ability is very strong, it is however generally that, ramie can be perennial root plantation 10~20 years.In ramie planting production, ramie nutrient absorption
Amount has substantial connection with yield height, and the high nutrients uptake amounts of yield are big, and low output nutrients uptake amounts are few, and the increasing of nutrients uptake amounts
Add amplitude more increased than yield big.After three fiber crops harvesting of ramie, there are many nutrient consumption stored in the numb root and stem of certain plants, and soil fertility reduces,
It is unfavorable for second year stable high yield if supplementing fertilizer not in time.Meanwhile ramie has stronger tolerance and absorption to heavy metal
Ability is that one kind has the biggish target plant of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the problems, such as that heavy metal can not be effectively removed existing for existing composting treatment method, mention
The excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method of heavy metal can be effectively removed for one kind.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, the processing method successively the following steps are included:
Step 1: by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron mix in dehydrated alcohol
It closes, so that nano zero valence iron is adsorbed in Fe3O4The surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein the Fe3O4Chitosan is magnetic
The mass ratio of microballoon and nano zero valence iron is 100~300:1；
Step 2: the Fe of nano zero valence iron will be first adsorbed with3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are remaining
Sludge, rape cake 1~5:100:20 in mass ratio~50 are mixed to obtain mixed material, then adjust the C/N mass of mixed material
Than being 57~63% for 27~33:1, initial aqueous rate, mixed material is then placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 in compost reactor
It；
Step 3: first the mixed material after fermentation is dried to obtain the sludge composting of moisture content≤10%, then will be dirty
Fe therein is recycled by externally-applied magnetic field after mud compost and smashing3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
The processing method further includes Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere, the step are located at after step 3；
The Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with ultrapure water by the Fe of recycling3O4Chitose magnetic
Property microballoon wash to supernatant and clarify, then washed for several times with dehydrated alcohol, then sorted with strong magnet, magnetic response of inclining is imitated
The Fe of fruit difference3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero-valence
Iron mixes in dehydrated alcohol, in Fe3O4Nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere.
The processing method further includes the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, which is located at after step 3；
The preparation of the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will recycle Fe3O4Sludge composting, urine after chitosan magnetic microsphere
Element, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride are with the mixing of mass ratio 10:4~6:2~3:1~2.
In the step 1, Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to the following steps:
A: first chitosan, the acetum that volume fraction is 1% are mixed with the mass volume ratio of 1:9~11, then used
Then nanometer Fe is added to remove insoluble chitosan in 0.45um membrane filtration3O4And 30~50min of ultrasound, obtain water phase mixing
Solution, wherein the nanometer Fe3O4Mass ratio with chitosan is 1:1.5~2.5；
B: first hexamethylene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6~8 to obtain mixed liquor, then added into mixed liquor
Enter span80, obtain oil and mix liquid, wherein the volume ratio for the acetum that the mixed liquor is 1% with volume fraction is 1.5
The mass volume ratio of~2.5:1, span80 and mixed liquor is 1:48~52；
C: being first added slowly to oil for water phase mixed solution under mechanical stirring and mix in liquid, after reacting 1h under room temperature
The glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added, and is crosslinked 3~5h, phase of deoiling of inclining after the reaction was completed under 55~65 DEG C of water-baths
To obtain water phase mixed solution, then into water phase mixed solution acetone is added, ammonium hydroxide is added after acetone demulsification, then with strong magnetic
Iron is sorted, the microballoon for magnetic response effect difference of inclining, wherein the glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25%
Volume ratio be 100~200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1~10, the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor
For 1:24~26；
D: first the microballoon after sorting is successively washed repeatedly with dehydrated alcohol, milli-Q water to supernatant is clarified, anhydrous
Ethanol washing is multiple, then is dried in vacuo and obtains Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
In the step 1, Fe3O4The partial size of chitosan magnetic microsphere is 2~10um, specific saturation magnetization 23.3
~32.6eum/g.
In the step 2, the C/N mass ratio for first adjusting mixed material is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then will be mixed
It closes material and is placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 days in compost reactor.
The step 2 adjusts the C/N mass ratio of mixed material by addition urea or ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
During the aerobic fermentation of the step 2, daily forced-air blast 2 times, 0.5~2h every time, and air blast twice
Interval is no less than 6h；
In the step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method of the present invention will be adsorbed with nano zero valence iron
Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is mixed with excess sludge of municipal sewage plant carries out Composting fermentation, i.e., will remove in sludge
Heavy metal is combined into one with Composting treatment, in composting fermentation process, is adsorbed on Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere surface
Nano zero valence iron can be slowly released, and redox reaction, the heavy metal being reduced occurs with the heavy metal ion in sludge
Then it is adsorbed on Fe3O4Fe is recycled finally by externally-applied magnetic field in the surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere3O4Chitosan magnetism is micro-
Ball can separate heavy metal, and the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge, and Fe can not only be greatly lowered in this method3O4?
The addition of chitosan magnetic microsphere can accelerate compost maturity process.Therefore, the present invention can not only effectively remove the huge sum of money in sludge
Belong to, and the Composting treatment period can be shortened.
2, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method of the present invention further includes Fe3O4Chitose magnetic
The activation step of property microballoon, the step is by the Fe of recycling3O4After the heavy metal removing of chitosan magnetic microsphere adsorption again
Nano zero valence iron is adsorbed, it can be achieved that Fe3O4Being used repeatedly for chitosan magnetic microsphere, it is not only simple and easy but also advantageous
In reducing cost.Therefore, the present invention advantageously reduces cost.
3, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method of the present invention will recycle Fe3O4Chitose magnetic
Sludge composting after property microballoon mixes in proportion with urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride can be prepared ramie special fertilizer
Material, the Harmless processing for being designed as excess sludge of municipal sewage plant have found outlet, both can avoid excess sludge heap
The secondary pollution caused by ambient enviroment during putting, filling, and the fast-growth of ramie can be promoted, reduce ramie planting process
Fertilizers input cost.Therefore, the present invention can reduce ramie planting cost while avoiding environmental pollution.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described With reference to embodiment.
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, the processing method successively the following steps are included:
Step 1: by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron mix in dehydrated alcohol
It closes, so that nano zero valence iron is adsorbed in Fe3O4The surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein the Fe3O4Chitosan is magnetic
The mass ratio of microballoon and nano zero valence iron is 100~300:1；
Step 2: the Fe of nano zero valence iron will be first adsorbed with3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are remaining
Sludge, rape cake 1~5:100:20 in mass ratio~50 are mixed to obtain mixed material, then adjust the C/N mass of mixed material
Than being 57~63% for 27~33:1, initial aqueous rate, mixed material is then placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 in compost reactor
It；
Step 3: first the mixed material after fermentation is dried to obtain the sludge composting of moisture content≤10%, then will be dirty
Fe therein is recycled by externally-applied magnetic field after mud compost and smashing3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
The processing method further includes Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere, the step are located at after step 3；
The Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with ultrapure water by the Fe of recycling3O4Chitose magnetic
Property microballoon wash to supernatant and clarify, then washed for several times with dehydrated alcohol, then sorted with strong magnet, magnetic response of inclining is imitated
The Fe of fruit difference3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero-valence
Iron mixes in dehydrated alcohol, in Fe3O4Nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere.
The processing method further includes the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, which is located at after step 3；
The preparation of the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will recycle Fe3O4Sludge composting, urine after chitosan magnetic microsphere
Element, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride are with the mixing of mass ratio 10:4~6:2~3:1~2.
In the step 1, Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to the following steps:
A: first chitosan, the acetum that volume fraction is 1% are mixed with the mass volume ratio of 1:9~11, then used
Then nanometer Fe is added to remove insoluble chitosan in 0.45um membrane filtration3O4And 30~50min of ultrasound, obtain water phase mixing
Solution, wherein the nanometer Fe3O4Mass ratio with chitosan is 1:1.5~2.5；
B: first hexamethylene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6~8 to obtain mixed liquor, then added into mixed liquor
Enter span80, obtain oil and mix liquid, wherein the volume ratio for the acetum that the mixed liquor is 1% with volume fraction is 1.5
The mass volume ratio of~2.5:1, span80 and mixed liquor is 1:48~52；
C: being first added slowly to oil for water phase mixed solution under mechanical stirring and mix in liquid, after reacting 1h under room temperature
The glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added, and is crosslinked 3~5h, phase of deoiling of inclining after the reaction was completed under 55~65 DEG C of water-baths
To obtain water phase mixed solution, then into water phase mixed solution acetone is added, ammonium hydroxide is added after acetone demulsification, then with strong magnetic
Iron is sorted, the microballoon for magnetic response effect difference of inclining, wherein the glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25%
Volume ratio be 100~200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1~10, the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor
For 1:24~26；
D: first the microballoon after sorting is successively washed repeatedly with dehydrated alcohol, milli-Q water to supernatant is clarified, anhydrous
Ethanol washing is multiple, then is dried in vacuo and obtains Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
In the step 1, Fe3O4The partial size of chitosan magnetic microsphere is 2~10um, specific saturation magnetization 23.3
~32.6eum/g.
In the step 2, the C/N mass ratio for first adjusting mixed material is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then will be mixed
It closes material and is placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 days in compost reactor.
The step 2 adjusts the C/N mass ratio of mixed material by addition urea or ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
During the aerobic fermentation of the step 2, daily forced-air blast 2 times, 0.5~2h every time, and air blast twice
Interval is no less than 6h；
In the step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
The principle of the present invention is described as follows:
Composting treatment is carried out as primary raw material using excess sludge of municipal sewage plant the present invention provides one kind and is made
The method of standby special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, to solve the handling problems of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, and makes full use of city
The a large amount of organic matters and micronutrient element contained in sewage treatment plant excess sludge provide fertilizer for Ramie Growth, reduce ramie
Numb planting cost.
Magnetic microsphere: by being prepared by chitosan, magnetic core is the oxidation of nanometer four three for the coating for the magnetic microsphere that the present invention uses
The surface sustained release object of iron, magnetic microsphere is nano zero valence iron, and three kinds of materials used in the magnetic microsphere will not only hinder Composting
Processing is normally carried out, and can also accelerate compost maturity process.
Compost fermentation: during compost fermentation, the 3rd day compost temperature can rise to 55 DEG C or more, and maintain 3~4
It, the high temperature for generation of fermenting at this time can kill pathogen and helminth (ovum) in sludge while decomposing organic matter；15 days
Compost temperature is close afterwards or is down to environment temperature, and windrow enters curing or stabilizes the stage.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, the processing method successively the following steps are included:
Step 1: by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron mix in dehydrated alcohol
It closes, so that nano zero valence iron is adsorbed in Fe3O4The surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein the Fe3O4Chitosan is magnetic
The mass ratio of microballoon and nano zero valence iron is 100:1, the Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to the following steps:
A: first chitosan, the acetum that volume fraction is 1% are mixed with the mass volume ratio of 1:10, then used
Then nanometer Fe is added to remove insoluble chitosan in 0.45um membrane filtration3O4And ultrasound 40min, it is molten to obtain water phase mixing
Liquid, wherein the nanometer Fe3O4Mass ratio with chitosan is 1:2；
B: first hexamethylene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:7 to obtain mixed liquor, then are added into mixed liquor
Span80 obtains oil and mixes liquid, wherein and the volume ratio for the acetum that the mixed liquor is 1% with volume fraction is 2:1,
The mass volume ratio of span80 and mixed liquor is 1:50；
C: being first added slowly to oil for water phase mixed solution under mechanical stirring and mix in liquid, after reacting 1h under room temperature
Quality volume fraction is added and is 25% glutaraldehyde, and is crosslinked 4h under 60 DEG C of water-baths, inclines deoil mutually to obtain water after the reaction was completed
Solution is mixed, then acetone is added into water phase mixed solution, ammonium hydroxide is added after acetone demulsification, is then divided with strong magnet
Choosing, the microballoon for magnetic response effect difference of inclining, wherein the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25%
For 100:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1, and the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor is 1:25；
D: first the microballoon after sorting is successively washed repeatedly with dehydrated alcohol, milli-Q water to supernatant is clarified, anhydrous
Ethanol washing is multiple, then is dried in vacuo and obtains partial size as 2~10um, and specific saturation magnetization is 32.6eum/g's
Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere；
Step 2: the Fe of nano zero valence iron will be first adsorbed with3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are remaining
Sludge (total chrome content is 451.54mg/kg dewatered sludge), rape cake 1:100:50 in mass ratio are mixed to obtain mixed material, then
The C/N mass ratio for adding urea adjusting mixed material is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, and mixed material is then placed in compost
Aerobic fermentation 25 days in reactor, during the fermentation, daily with the forces traffic air blast of 60L/min 2 times, each 2h, and two
6h is divided between secondary air blast；
Step 3: the mixed material after fermentation is first carried out to forced air drying at 70 DEG C to obtain the dirt of moisture content≤10%
Mud compost, then sludge composting is crushed to after 8 mesh or less, Fe therein is recycled using electromagnetic separator3O4Chitosan magnetism is micro-
Ball, then with ultrapure water by the Fe of recycling3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is washed to supernatant and is clarified, then washed with dehydrated alcohol
For several times, it is then sorted with strong magnet, the Fe for magnetic response effect difference of inclining3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally in stirring shape
By Fe under state3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, in Fe3O4Chitosan is magnetic
Nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of microballoon；
Step 4: Fe will be recycled3O4Sludge composting, urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride after chitosan magnetic microsphere
It is mixed with quality by 10:3:3:2, to obtain special-purpose fertilizer for ramie；
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie obtained through the present embodiment composting method, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content
It is 21.5%, the content of organic matter 25.1%, chromium and compound content is 10.61mg/kg dry matter, meets national organic-nothing
Machine complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 2:
Step with embodiment 1, the difference is that:
In the step 1, Fe3O4The mass ratio of chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 150:1, described
Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere according to preparation step in:
A: the mass volume ratio for the acetum that the chitosan is 1% with volume fraction is 1:9, nanometer Fe3O4It is poly- with shell
The mass ratio of sugar is 1:2.5；
B: the mixed liquor cyclohexane and n-hexyl alcohol volume ratio are that 13:6, mixed liquor and volume fraction are molten for 1% acetic acid
The volume ratio of liquid is 2.5:1；
C: the crosslinking time is 3h, and the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25% is
150:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water are 1:4, and the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor is 1:24；
D: obtained Fe3O4The specific saturation magnetization of chitosan magnetic microsphere is 23.3eum/g.
In the step 2, it is adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are surplus
Remaining sludge (water content 85%, total chrome content are 358.08mg/kg dewatered sludge), rape cake mass ratio be 3:100:50, first add
Adding urea to adjust, the C/N mass ratio of mixed material is 27:1, initial aqueous rate is 57%, and it is anti-that mixed material is then placed in compost
Aerobic fermentation 22 days in device are answered, during the fermentation each forced-air blast 1h；
In the step 3, dry temperature is 60 DEG C；
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie obtained through the present embodiment composting method, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content
It is 21.1%, the content of organic matter 24.6%, chromium and compound content is 11.69mg/kg dry matter, meets national organic-nothing
Machine complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 3:
Step with embodiment 1, the difference is that:
In the step 1, Fe3O4The mass ratio of chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 200:1, described
Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere according to preparation step in:
A: the mass volume ratio for the acetum that the chitosan is 1% with volume fraction is 1:11, nanometer Fe3O4It is poly- with shell
The mass ratio of sugar is 1:1.5；
B: the mixed liquor cyclohexane and n-hexyl alcohol volume ratio are that 13:8, mixed liquor and volume fraction are molten for 1% acetic acid
The volume ratio of liquid is 1.5:1, and the mass volume ratio of span80 and mixed liquor is 1:48；
C: the crosslinking time is 5h, and the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25% is
200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water are 1:10, and the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor is 1:26；
D: obtained Fe3O4The specific saturation magnetization of chitosan magnetic microsphere is 27.3eum/g；
In the step 2, it is adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are surplus
Remaining sludge (water content 80%, total chrome content are 286.47mg/kg dewatered sludge), rape cake mass ratio be 1:100:20, first add
Adding ammonium hydrogen carbonate to adjust, the C/N mass ratio of mixed material is 33:1, initial aqueous rate is 63%, and mixed material is then placed in heap
Aerobic fermentation 20 days in fertile reactor, during the fermentation each forced-air blast 0.5h.
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie obtained through the present embodiment composting method, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content
It is 20.5%, the content of organic matter 22.1%, chromium and compound content is 11.89mg/kg dry matter, meets national organic-nothing
Machine complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 4:
Step with embodiment 1, the difference is that:
In the step 1, Fe3O4The mass ratio of chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 300:1；
In the step 2, it is adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, municipal sewage plant are surplus
Remaining sludge (water content 83%, total chrome content are 324.9mg/kg dewatered sludge), rape cake mass ratio be 5:100:30.
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie obtained through the present embodiment composting method, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content
It is 20.9%, the content of organic matter 23.6%, chromium and compound content is 11.42mg/kg dry matter, meets national organic-nothing
Machine complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Claims (8)
1. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, it is characterised in that:
The processing method successively the following steps are included:
Step 1: by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, with
Nano zero valence iron is set to be adsorbed in Fe3O4The surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein the Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere with
The mass ratio of nano zero valence iron is 100~300:1, is adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is with nanometer four
Fe 3 O is magnetic core, chitosan is coating, nano zero valence iron is surface sustained release object；
Step 2: the Fe of nano zero valence iron will be first adsorbed with3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant,
Rape cake 1~5:100:20 in mass ratio~50 is mixed to obtain mixed material, then adjusting the C/N mass ratio of mixed material is 27
~33:1, initial aqueous rate are 57~63%, and mixed material is then placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 days in compost reactor；
Step 3: first the mixed material after fermentation being dried to obtain the sludge composting of moisture content≤10%, then by sludge
Fe therein is recycled by externally-applied magnetic field after fertilizer crushing3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
2. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The processing method further includes Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere, the step are located at after step 3；
The Fe3O4The activation of chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with ultrapure water by the Fe of recycling3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere
Washing to supernatant is clarified, then is washed for several times with dehydrated alcohol, is then sorted with strong magnet, magnetic response effect difference of inclining
Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally by Fe under stirring3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron are in nothing
It is mixed in water-ethanol, in Fe3O4Nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of chitosan magnetic microsphere.
3. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In:
The processing method further includes the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, which is located at after step 3；
The preparation of the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will recycle Fe3O4Sludge composting, urea after chitosan magnetic microsphere, mistake
Calcium phosphate and potassium chloride are with the mixing of mass ratio 10:4~6:2~3:1~2.
4. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In:
In the step 1, Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to the following steps:
A: first chitosan, the acetum that volume fraction is 1% are mixed with the mass volume ratio of 1:9~11, then uses 0.45um
Then nanometer Fe is added to remove insoluble chitosan in membrane filtration3O4And 30~50min of ultrasound, water phase mixed solution is obtained,
Wherein, the nanometer Fe3O4Mass ratio with chitosan is 1:1.5~2.5；
B: first hexamethylene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6~8 to obtain mixed liquor, then are added into mixed liquor
Span80 obtains oil and mixes liquid, wherein and the volume ratio for the acetum that the mixed liquor and volume fraction are 1% is 1.5~
The mass volume ratio of 2.5:1, span80 and mixed liquor is 1:48~52；
C: being first added slowly to oil for water phase mixed solution under mechanical stirring and mix in liquid, is added after reacting 1h under room temperature
The glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25%, and 3~5h is crosslinked under 55~65 DEG C of water-baths, incline deoil mutually to obtain after the reaction was completed
Acetone is added to water phase mixed solution, then into water phase mixed solution, after acetone demulsification after ammonium hydroxide is added, then with strong magnet into
Row sorting, the microballoon for magnetic response effect difference of inclining, wherein the body of glutaraldehyde and mixed liquor that the quality volume fraction is 25%
For product than being 100~200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1~10, and the volume ratio of ammonium hydroxide and mixed liquor is 1:
24~26；
D: first the microballoon after sorting is successively washed repeatedly with dehydrated alcohol, milli-Q water to supernatant is clarified, dehydrated alcohol
Washing repeatedly, then is dried in vacuo and obtains Fe3O4Chitosan magnetic microsphere.
5. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In:
In the step 1, Fe3O4The partial size of chitosan magnetic microsphere be 2~10um, specific saturation magnetization be 23.3~
32.6eum/g。
6. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: in the step 2, the C/N mass ratio for first adjusting mixed material is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then by mixture
Material is placed in aerobic fermentation 20~25 days in compost reactor.
7. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In: the step 2 adjusts the C/N mass ratio of mixed material by addition urea or ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
8. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In:
During the aerobic fermentation of the step 2, daily forced-air blast 2 times, 0.5~2h, and the interval of air blast twice every time
No less than 6h；
In the step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
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| CN107698286A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-16 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心鄂尔多斯固体废弃物资源化工程技术研究所 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that magnetic water-absorbent composite material compost can be recycled |
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| CN109650974B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南大学 | Method for reducing nitrogen loss in composting process and improving fertilizer efficiency of compost product by using iron oxide nano material |
| CN112028709B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-04-14 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Application of active silicon material in preparation of water-retention slow-release microbial fertilizer |
| CN113832001B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-01-12 | 北京世纪牧名饲料技术研究所 | Dynamic fermentation method of organic feed |
| CN113875507B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-05-02 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Grassland ecological restoration method |
| CN114249485B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-02-20 | 上海电气电站环保工程有限公司 | Treatment process of sludge in domestic sewage |
| CN114315442B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-10-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for strengthening carbon-nitrogen conversion in composting process based on magnet particles |
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