CN105272396A - Composting treatment method of excess sludge from urban sewage treatment plant - Google Patents
Composting treatment method of excess sludge from urban sewage treatment plant Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
A composting treatment method of excess sludge from the urban sewage treatment plant is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: nanoscale zero-valent iron-adsorbed Fe3O4-chitosan magnetic microspheres, excess sludge from the urban sewage treatment plant and rapeseed cake are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-5:100:20-50, carrying out aerobic fermentation in a composting reactor for 20-25 days, successively drying and crushing, and recovering the Fe3O4-chitosan magnetic microspheres through an external magnetic field. By the above method, contents of heavy metal in the sludge can be greatly reduced, the recovered Fe3O4-chitosan magnetic microspheres can be repeatedly used after activated, and sludge compost obtained after fermentation can be used as a raw material of a ramie special fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Sludge Composting treatment process, be specially a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the continuous propelling of China's urbanization, the lifting of sewage disposal scale and efficiency, the generation quantity of mud constantly increases, and the huge processing load in municipal sewage plant makes " mud besieged city " become each metropolitan development bottleneck.Containing the nutritive ingredient that abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter etc. are favourable to plant-growth in excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, therefore sludge landfill characteristics is a kind of mud being comparatively applicable to China's national situation.But, the objectionable impurities such as pathogenic bacteria and heavy metal element in addition in soil is entered together along with the nutritive ingredient in mud, Heavy Metals in China excess sludge of municipal sewage plant has Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Ni etc., directly agricultural sludge certainly will be produced irreversible murder by poisoning to environment, there is the possibility of secondary pollution.Compost treatment is one of important channel of sewage sludge harmlessness and resource utilization.Although mud is after composting, effectively can kill wherein pathogenic bacteria and parasitic ovum, heavy metal content before and after compost declines all to some extent, and the form of heavy metal has a greater change, and the biological effectiveness of heavy metal is relevant to its morphology, but composting can not remove the heavy metal in mud, therefore, in sludge composting application, heavy metal is easily at soil and crop cylinder accumulation, thus becomes the topmost limiting factor of its Land_use change.
The characteristic such as applied range, treatment effect be good, reusable that utilizes sorbent material removal heavy metal to have.Present stage uses more sorbent material to have acticarbon, natural mineral sorbent material (as swelling soil, montmorillonite, sepiolite, sponge iron, attapulgite etc.), solid waste sorbent material (powder etc. as after cinder, slag, flyash, straw burning), inorganics sorbent material is (as magnesium salts, MnO
2deng), ion exchange resin, chitosan and up-to-date nano adsorption material etc.Wherein, common gac and zeolite heavy metal loading capacity lower, regeneration difficulty, cost is higher; Although nano material, because surface-area is large and nano effect and have the high advantage of loading capacity, reclaims difficulty and remains a maximum difficult problem.
Magnetic composite microsphere refers to and makes organic polymer be combined the matrix material with specific microtexture and function formed with inorganic magnetic particle by suitable preparation method.Common preparation method has: suspension polymerization, dispersion copolymerization method, emulsion polymerization, blended entrapping method, chemical transformation and controllable free-radical polymerisation method etc.The introducing of organic high molecular compound inhibits the mutual gathering of microballoon, is convenient to manipulation and the dispersion of complex microsphere, increases the surface effects of particle.Under the magnetization of externally-applied magnetic field drives, the complex microsphere with superparamagnetism shows magnetic, does not show magnetic after removing foreign field, therefore can fast and effeciently realize being separated.Because magnetic composite microsphere has the feature of high, the easy recovery of loading capacity, it can be used as new function material to carry out widespread use in multiple fields such as biology, medical science, separation engineerings both at home and abroad at present, the application in environmental area also starts to come into one's own.
The Study and appliance of current magnetic composite microsphere in environmental area mainly concentrates on heavy metal in water treatment and removes, as Agrawal etc. have studied a kind of ferric oxide load gelatin particle to Cr
6+adsorption effect, result of study shows that this material is in acid condition to Cr
6+there is good removal effect, and can the Cr of Adsorption lower concentration
6+.The biological fermentation process such as Zhu has synthesized Fe
3o
4/ Mierocrystalline cellulose, result of study shows this material heavy metal Pb
2+, Mn
2+and Cr
3+all there is good removal effect, can reuse after desorption-adsorption test shows material desorption, and loading capacity remains unchanged substantially.Chen etc. by coprecipitation method prepared size not wait chitosan magnetic Nano microsphere, by it to Cu in water
2+absorption research show, when nanoparticle size is at 8 ~ 40nm, material is to Cu
2+adsorption effect best, loading capacity can reach 35.5mg/g, and clearance is more than 90%.Zhang etc. for function monomer, have obtained Fe using tetraethoxy as linking agent with 3-propyl trimethoxy silicane
3o
4siO
2iI P, this magnetic microsphere is to Pb
2+have Selective adsorption, experimental result shows that material is to Pb
2+maximum adsorption capacity reach 19.61mg/g, clearance is more than 98%.Present stage, the application that magnetic composite microsphere is used for removal heavy metal in mud is less.
Crudefiber crop is one of natural fiber of utilizing the earliest of the mankind, and mainly comprise ramie, flax, bluish dogbane, jute, hemp, sisal hemp and abaca etc., the flaxen fiber that wherein most has superiority is ramie.Ramie (Boehmerianivea (L.) Gaud.) belongs to Urticaceae (Urticaceae) Section of Genus Boehmeria (BoehmeriaJacq.) perennial root herbaceous plant, and be called in the world " China's grass ", China is the country of origin of ramie.The ramie output of China accounts for global 90%, and the ramie product outlet of 80%, accounts for more than 60% of world's ramie textile product volume of trade, have extremely strong international competitiveness; Ramie dress ornament has the advantages such as well-pressed, elegant, slim and graceful, nice and cool, ventilative, anti-(pressing down) bacterium, belongs to luxury goods; Ramie industry is the traditional national industry of China, and belong to labor-intensive industry, the employee obtained employment in China's ramie industrial chain is nearly millions of.Compared with other phloem fiber, ramee has that fiber is long, intensity large, corrosion resistant anti-mildew, absorb and distribute the characteristics such as the fast and rapid heat dissipation of moisture, high-quality ramie macrofiber presents white, and have silk shape gloss, the cross-sectional area of ramee altering a great deal in their length direction, fiber has many Sieve textures.
Ramie is a kind of perennial root nonirrigated farmland Herbaceous Fiber crop, and its underground root system is commonly called as " the numb root and stem of certain plants ".The self-renewal capacity of the fiber crops root and stem of certain plants is very strong, and generally speaking, ramie can be planted 10 ~ 20 years by perennial root.In ramie planting is produced, ramie dietetic alimentation amount and output height have substantial connection, and output height nutrients uptake amounts is large, and the nutrients uptake amounts that yields poorly is few, and the amplitude that the increase of nutrients uptake amounts increases than output is large.After the harvesting of ramie three fiber crops, in the numb root and stem of certain plants, the nutrient consumption of storage is a lot, and soil fertility reduces, and is just unfavorable for Second Year stable high yield as supplemented fertilizer not in time.Meanwhile, ramie heavy metal has stronger tolerance and receptivity, is a kind ofly to possess the larger target plant of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing composting treatment method exists cannot the problem of effective removal heavy metal, provide a kind of can the excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method of effective removal heavy metal.
For realizing above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, this treatment process comprises the following steps successively:
Step one: by Fe under whipped state
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, is adsorbed in Fe to make nano zero valence iron
3o
4the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein, described Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 100 ~ 300:1;
Step 2: first will be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, rapeseed cake in mass ratio 1 ~ 5:100:20 ~ 50 mix to obtain mixture, regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 27 ~ 33:1, initial aqueous rate is 57 ~ 63% again, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days;
Step 3: first the mixture after fermentation is carried out dry to obtain the sludge composting of water ratio≤10%, then reclaim Fe wherein by externally-applied magnetic field after being pulverized by sludge composting
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
Described treatment process also comprises Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, after this step is positioned at step 3;
Described Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with the Fe that ultrapure water will reclaim
3o
4the washing of-chitosan magnetic microsphere to supernatant liquor clarification, then with absolute ethanol washing several, then carries out sorting with strong magnet, the Fe of degaussing of inclining response weak effect
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally under whipped state by Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, with at Fe
3o
4nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
Described treatment process also comprises the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, after this step is positioned at step 3;
The preparation of described special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will reclaim Fe
3o
4sludge composting after-chitosan magnetic microsphere, urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K mix with mass ratio 10:4 ~ 6:2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2.
In described step one, Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to following steps:
A: by chitosan, volume fraction be first 1% acetum mix with the mass volume ratio of 1:9 ~ 11, then adopt 0.45um membrane filtration to remove insoluble chitosan, then add nanometer Fe
3o
4and ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min, obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, wherein, described nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:1.5 ~ 2.5 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: first hexanaphthene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6 ~ 8 to obtain mixed solution, span80 is added again in mixed solution, obtain oil phase mixed solution, wherein, the mass volume ratio of described mixed solution and volume fraction to be the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% be 1.5 ~ 2.5:1, span80 and mixed solution is 1:48 ~ 52;
C: first under mechanical stirring aqueous phase mixing solutions is slowly added in oil phase mixed solution, the glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added after reacting 1h again under normal temperature, and 3 ~ 5h is cross-linked under 55 ~ 65 DEG C of water-baths, react hypsokinesis to deoil to obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, acetone is added again in aqueous phase mixing solutions, ammoniacal liquor is added after acetone breakdown of emulsion, then sorting is carried out with strong magnet, the microballoon of degaussing of inclining response weak effect, wherein, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 100 ~ 200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1 ~ 10, the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:24 ~ 26,
D: first to the microballoon after sorting successively with absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, milli-Q water to supernatant liquor clarification, namely its vacuum-drying repeatedly, then is obtained Fe by absolute ethanol washing
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the particle diameter of-chitosan magnetic microsphere is 2 ~ 10um, and specific saturation magnetization is 23.3 ~ 32.6eum/g.
In described step 2, first regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days.
Described step 2 regulates the C/N mass ratio of mixture by interpolation urea or bicarbonate of ammonia.
In the aerobic fermentation process of described step 2, forced-air blast every day 2 times, each 0.5 ~ 2h, and the interval of twice air blast is no less than 6h;
In described step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant of the present invention composting treatment method will be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere and excess sludge of municipal sewage plant are mixed into windrow extensive use of chemical fertilizer and ferment, and unite two into one, in composting fermentation process, be adsorbed on Fe by removal Heavy Metals in Sludge and composting
3o
4the nano zero valence iron on-chitosan magnetic microsphere surface can be slowly released, and with the heavy metal ion generation redox reaction in mud, the heavy metal be reduced then is adsorbed on Fe
3o
4the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, reclaims Fe finally by externally-applied magnetic field
3o
4heavy metal can be separated by-chitosan magnetic microsphere, and the method significantly can not only reduce the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge, and Fe
3o
4adding of-chitosan magnetic microsphere can accelerate compost maturity process.Therefore, the present invention not only effectively can remove the heavy metal in mud, and can shorten the composting cycle.
2, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant of the present invention composting treatment method also comprises Fe
3o
4the activation step of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, the Fe that this step will reclaim
3o
4again adsorb nano zero valence iron after the heavy metal removing of-chitosan magnetic microsphere surface adsorption, can Fe be realized
3o
4the repeatedly recycling of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, not only simple, and be conducive to reducing costs.Therefore, the present invention is conducive to reducing costs.
3, a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant of the present invention composting treatment method will reclaim Fe
3o
4sludge composting after-chitosan magnetic microsphere and urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K are mixed in proportion and can prepare special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, this Harmless process being designed to excess sludge of municipal sewage plant have found outlet, both the secondary pollution in excess sludge stacking, landfill process, surrounding environment caused can have been avoided, the quick growth of ramie can be promoted again, reduce the fertilizers input cost of ramie planting process.Therefore, the present invention can reduce ramie planting cost while avoiding environmental pollution.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, this treatment process comprises the following steps successively:
Step one: by Fe under whipped state
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, is adsorbed in Fe to make nano zero valence iron
3o
4the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein, described Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 100 ~ 300:1;
Step 2: first will be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, rapeseed cake in mass ratio 1 ~ 5:100:20 ~ 50 mix to obtain mixture, regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 27 ~ 33:1, initial aqueous rate is 57 ~ 63% again, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days;
Step 3: first the mixture after fermentation is carried out dry to obtain the sludge composting of water ratio≤10%, then reclaim Fe wherein by externally-applied magnetic field after being pulverized by sludge composting
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
Described treatment process also comprises Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, after this step is positioned at step 3;
Described Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with the Fe that ultrapure water will reclaim
3o
4the washing of-chitosan magnetic microsphere to supernatant liquor clarification, then with absolute ethanol washing several, then carries out sorting with strong magnet, the Fe of degaussing of inclining response weak effect
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally under whipped state by Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, with at Fe
3o
4nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
Described treatment process also comprises the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, after this step is positioned at step 3;
The preparation of described special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will reclaim Fe
3o
4sludge composting after-chitosan magnetic microsphere, urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K mix with mass ratio 10:4 ~ 6:2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2.
In described step one, Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to following steps:
A: by chitosan, volume fraction be first 1% acetum mix with the mass volume ratio of 1:9 ~ 11, then adopt 0.45um membrane filtration to remove insoluble chitosan, then add nanometer Fe
3o
4and ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min, obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, wherein, described nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:1.5 ~ 2.5 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: first hexanaphthene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6 ~ 8 to obtain mixed solution, span80 is added again in mixed solution, obtain oil phase mixed solution, wherein, the mass volume ratio of described mixed solution and volume fraction to be the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% be 1.5 ~ 2.5:1, span80 and mixed solution is 1:48 ~ 52;
C: first under mechanical stirring aqueous phase mixing solutions is slowly added in oil phase mixed solution, the glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added after reacting 1h again under normal temperature, and 3 ~ 5h is cross-linked under 55 ~ 65 DEG C of water-baths, react hypsokinesis to deoil to obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, acetone is added again in aqueous phase mixing solutions, ammoniacal liquor is added after acetone breakdown of emulsion, then sorting is carried out with strong magnet, the microballoon of degaussing of inclining response weak effect, wherein, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 100 ~ 200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1 ~ 10, the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:24 ~ 26,
D: first to the microballoon after sorting successively with absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, milli-Q water to supernatant liquor clarification, namely its vacuum-drying repeatedly, then is obtained Fe by absolute ethanol washing
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the particle diameter of-chitosan magnetic microsphere is 2 ~ 10um, and specific saturation magnetization is 23.3 ~ 32.6eum/g.
In described step 2, first regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days.
Described step 2 regulates the C/N mass ratio of mixture by interpolation urea or bicarbonate of ammonia.
In the aerobic fermentation process of described step 2, forced-air blast every day 2 times, each 0.5 ~ 2h, and the interval of twice air blast is no less than 6h;
In described step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
Principle of the present invention is described as follows:
The invention provides a kind of is that main raw material carries out composting and prepares the method for special-purpose fertilizer for ramie with excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, to solve the handling problems of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, and make full use of a large amount of organic matter and micronutrient element that contain in excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, for Ramie Growth provides fertilizer, reduce ramie planting cost.
Magnetic microsphere: the dressing of the magnetic microsphere that the present invention adopts is prepared by by chitosan, magnetic core is nano ferriferrous oxide, the surperficial slowly-releasing thing of magnetic microsphere is nano zero valence iron, this magnetic microsphere three kinds of materials used not only can not hinder normally carrying out of composting, and can also accelerate compost maturity process.
Compost fermentation: in the process of compost fermentation, within the 3rd day, compost temperature can rise to more than 55 DEG C, and maintains 3 ~ 4 days, and the high temperature produced that now ferments can kill pathogenic bacteria in mud and parasite (ovum) while decomposing organic matter; After 15 days compost temperature close to or be down to envrionment temperature, windrow enters slaking or stabilization stage.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, this treatment process comprises the following steps successively:
Step one: by Fe under whipped state
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, is adsorbed in Fe to make nano zero valence iron
3o
4the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein, described Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 100:1, described Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to following steps:
A: by chitosan, volume fraction be first 1% acetum mix with the mass volume ratio of 1:10, then adopt 0.45um membrane filtration to remove insoluble chitosan, then add nanometer Fe
3o
4and ultrasonic 40min, obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, wherein, described nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:2 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: first hexanaphthene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:7 to obtain mixed solution, in mixed solution, add span80 again, obtain oil phase mixed solution, wherein, the mass volume ratio of described mixed solution and volume fraction to be the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% be 2:1, span80 and mixed solution is 1:50;
C: first under mechanical stirring aqueous phase mixing solutions is slowly added in oil phase mixed solution, the glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added after reacting 1h again under normal temperature, and 4h is cross-linked under 60 DEG C of water-baths, react hypsokinesis to deoil to obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, acetone is added again in aqueous phase mixing solutions, ammoniacal liquor is added after acetone breakdown of emulsion, then sorting is carried out with strong magnet, the microballoon of degaussing of inclining response weak effect, wherein, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 100:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1, the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:25,
D: first to the microballoon after sorting successively with absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, milli-Q water to supernatant liquor clarification, absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, more namely its vacuum-drying to be obtained particle diameter be 2 ~ 10um, and specific saturation magnetization is the Fe of 32.6eum/g
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere;
Step 2: first will be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant (total chrome content is 451.54mg/kg dewatered sludge), rapeseed cake in mass ratio 1:100:50 mix to obtain mixture, the C/N mass ratio adding urea adjustment mixture is again 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 25 days, during the fermentation, every day is with the forces traffic air blast 2 times of 60L/min, each 2h, and twice air blast be spaced apart 6h;
Step 3: first the mixture after fermentation is carried out forced air drying to obtain the sludge composting of water ratio≤10% at 70 DEG C, then after sludge composting being crushed to below 8 orders, adopt electromagnetic separator recovery Fe wherein
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, then with the Fe that ultrapure water will reclaim
3o
4the washing of-chitosan magnetic microsphere to supernatant liquor clarification, then with absolute ethanol washing several, carries out sorting with strong magnet subsequently, the Fe of degaussing of inclining response weak effect
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally under whipped state by Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, with at Fe
3o
4nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere;
Step 4: will Fe be reclaimed
3o
4sludge composting after-chitosan magnetic microsphere, urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K press 10:3:3:2 mixing, to obtain special-purpose fertilizer for ramie with quality;
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie that the present embodiment composting method obtains, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content is 21.5%, and organic content is 25.1%, chromium and compound content is 10.61mg/kg dry-matter, meets national organic-inorganic complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 2:
Step is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 150:1, described Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere according to preparation process in:
A: described chitosan and volume fraction are the mass volume ratio of the acetum of 1% is 1:9, nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:2.5 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: described mixed solution cyclohexane and n-hexyl alcohol volume ratio are 13:6, mixed solution and volume fraction are the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% is 2.5:1;
C: described crosslinking time is 3h, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 150:1, and the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:4, and the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:24;
D: the Fe obtained
3o
4the specific saturation magnetization of-chitosan magnetic microsphere is 23.3eum/g.
In described step 2, be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4(water content is 85% for-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, total chrome content is 358.08mg/kg dewatered sludge), the mass ratio of rapeseed cake is 3:100:50, the C/N mass ratio first adding urea adjustment mixture is 27:1, initial aqueous rate is 57%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 22 days, during the fermentation each forced-air blast 1h;
In described step 3, dry temperature is 60 DEG C;
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie that the present embodiment composting method obtains, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content is 21.1%, and organic content is 24.6%, chromium and compound content is 11.69mg/kg dry-matter, meets national organic-inorganic complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 3:
Step is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 200:1, described Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere according to preparation process in:
A: described chitosan and volume fraction are the mass volume ratio of the acetum of 1% is 1:11, nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:1.5 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: described mixed solution cyclohexane and n-hexyl alcohol volume ratio are 13:8, the mass volume ratio of mixed solution and volume fraction to be the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% be 1.5:1, span80 and mixed solution is 1:48;
C: described crosslinking time is 5h, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 200:1, and the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:10, and the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:26;
D: the Fe obtained
3o
4the specific saturation magnetization of-chitosan magnetic microsphere is 27.3eum/g;
In described step 2, be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4(water content is 80% for-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, total chrome content is 286.47mg/kg dewatered sludge), the mass ratio of rapeseed cake is 1:100:20, the C/N mass ratio first adding bicarbonate of ammonia adjustment mixture is 33:1, initial aqueous rate is 63%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 days, during the fermentation each forced-air blast 0.5h.
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie that the present embodiment composting method obtains, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content is 20.5%, and organic content is 22.1%, chromium and compound content is 11.89mg/kg dry-matter, meets national organic-inorganic complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 4:
Step is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 300:1;
In described step 2, be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant (water content is 83%, and total chrome content is 324.9mg/kg dewatered sludge), rapeseed cake is 5:100:30.
In the special-purpose fertilizer for ramie that the present embodiment composting method obtains, N:P:K=13.5:2.8:5.4, total content is 20.9%, and organic content is 23.6%, chromium and compound content is 11.42mg/kg dry-matter, meets national organic-inorganic complex fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002).
Claims (8)
1. an excess sludge of municipal sewage plant composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
Described treatment process comprises the following steps successively:
Step one: by Fe under whipped state
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, is adsorbed in Fe to make nano zero valence iron
3o
4the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, wherein, described Fe
3o
4the mass ratio of-chitosan magnetic microsphere and nano zero valence iron is 100 ~ 300:1;
Step 2: first will be adsorbed with the Fe of nano zero valence iron
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, excess sludge of municipal sewage plant, rapeseed cake in mass ratio 1 ~ 5:100:20 ~ 50 mix to obtain mixture, regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 27 ~ 33:1, initial aqueous rate is 57 ~ 63% again, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days;
Step 3: first the mixture after fermentation is carried out dry to obtain the sludge composting of water ratio≤10%, then reclaim Fe wherein by externally-applied magnetic field after being pulverized by sludge composting
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
2. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
Described treatment process also comprises Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere, after this step is positioned at step 3;
Described Fe
3o
4the activation of-chitosan magnetic microsphere refers to: first with the Fe that ultrapure water will reclaim
3o
4the washing of-chitosan magnetic microsphere to supernatant liquor clarification, then with absolute ethanol washing several, then carries out sorting with strong magnet, the Fe of degaussing of inclining response weak effect
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere, finally under whipped state by Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere mixes in dehydrated alcohol with nano zero valence iron, with at Fe
3o
4nano zero valence iron is adsorbed again in the surface of-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
3. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
Described treatment process also comprises the preparation of special-purpose fertilizer for ramie, after this step is positioned at step 3;
The preparation of described special-purpose fertilizer for ramie refers to: will reclaim Fe
3o
4sludge composting after-chitosan magnetic microsphere, urea, calcium superphosphate and Repone K mix with mass ratio 10:4 ~ 6:2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2.
4. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
In described step one, Fe
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere is prepared according to following steps:
A: by chitosan, volume fraction be first 1% acetum mix with the mass volume ratio of 1:9 ~ 11, then adopt 0.45um membrane filtration to remove insoluble chitosan, then add nanometer Fe
3o
4and ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min, obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, wherein, described nanometer Fe
3o
4be 1:1.5 ~ 2.5 with the mass ratio of chitosan;
B: first hexanaphthene and n-hexyl alcohol are mixed by the volume ratio of 13:6 ~ 8 to obtain mixed solution, span80 is added again in mixed solution, obtain oil phase mixed solution, wherein, the mass volume ratio of described mixed solution and volume fraction to be the volume ratio of the acetum of 1% be 1.5 ~ 2.5:1, span80 and mixed solution is 1:48 ~ 52;
C: first under mechanical stirring aqueous phase mixing solutions is slowly added in oil phase mixed solution, the glutaraldehyde that quality volume fraction is 25% is added after reacting 1h again under normal temperature, and 3 ~ 5h is cross-linked under 55 ~ 65 DEG C of water-baths, react hypsokinesis to deoil to obtain aqueous phase mixing solutions, acetone is added again in aqueous phase mixing solutions, ammoniacal liquor is added after acetone breakdown of emulsion, then sorting is carried out with strong magnet, the microballoon of degaussing of inclining response weak effect, wherein, described quality volume fraction is the glutaraldehyde of 25% and the volume ratio of mixed solution is 100 ~ 200:1, the volume ratio of acetone solution mixed with water is 1:1 ~ 10, the volume ratio of ammoniacal liquor and mixed solution is 1:24 ~ 26,
D: first to the microballoon after sorting successively with absolute ethanol washing repeatedly, milli-Q water to supernatant liquor clarification, namely its vacuum-drying repeatedly, then is obtained Fe by absolute ethanol washing
3o
4-chitosan magnetic microsphere.
5. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
In described step one, Fe
3o
4the particle diameter of-chitosan magnetic microsphere is 2 ~ 10um, and specific saturation magnetization is 23.3 ~ 32.6eum/g.
6. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, first regulate that the C/N mass ratio of mixture is 30:1, initial aqueous rate is 60%, then mixture is placed in compost reactor aerobic fermentation 20 ~ 25 days.
7. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, is characterized in that: described step 2 regulates the C/N mass ratio of mixture by interpolation urea or bicarbonate of ammonia.
8. a kind of excess sludge of municipal sewage plant according to claim 1 and 2 composting treatment method, is characterized in that:
In the aerobic fermentation process of described step 2, forced-air blast every day 2 times, each 0.5 ~ 2h, and the interval of twice air blast is no less than 6h;
In described step 3, dry temperature≤70 DEG C.
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| CN109650974B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-09 | 湖南大学 | Method for reducing nitrogen loss in composting process and improving fertilizer efficiency of compost product by using iron oxide nano material |
| CN112028709B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-04-14 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Application of active silicon material in preparation of water-retention slow-release microbial fertilizer |
| CN112028709A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-04 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Application of active silicon material in preparation of water-retention slow-release microbial fertilizer |
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| CN114249485B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2024-02-20 | 上海电气电站环保工程有限公司 | Treatment process of sludge in domestic sewage |
| CN114315442A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-12 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for strengthening carbon-nitrogen conversion in composting process based on magnet particles |
| CN114315442B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-10-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for strengthening carbon-nitrogen conversion in composting process based on magnet particles |
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