CN105265262A - Method for breeding organic ducks - Google Patents
Method for breeding organic ducks Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265262A CN105265262A CN201510680761.0A CN201510680761A CN105265262A CN 105265262 A CN105265262 A CN 105265262A CN 201510680761 A CN201510680761 A CN 201510680761A CN 105265262 A CN105265262 A CN 105265262A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a method for breeding organic ducks, including integrated rice-duck farming. In terms of duck breeding, ducklings are put in the field when rice seedlings stand upright in 10-20 days after rice seedlings are transplanted, and a second batch of ducklings are put in the field at the peak of outbreak of rice planthoppers; during earing and flowering time, the ducklings are driven to an enclosed breeding fence including a pond arranged in the rice field area and a drainage ditch at the edge of the field, and are fed with empty organic rice grains of the previous year in a supplementary manner; after rice harvest, the enclosed breeding fence is opened, and the ducks are free-ranged in the planting area; in terms of rice planting and fertilizing, in addition to taking green manure and farmyard manure as base manure and applying farmyard manure again, wood vinegar is used; and in terms of insect killing, field trap lamps are used, parasitic wasps are artificially propagated, and wood vinegar and garlic pepper water are sprayed alternately. By adopting the breeding method of the invention, the ducks grow and develop well, the ducks are healthy and are less likely to have disease, the survival rate of ducklings is high, the daily gain is increased significantly, the meat is fresh and tender, the content of meat saturated fatty acid is low, the rate of egg production is increased, and the eggshell is stronger and not easy to break.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, specifically the cultural method of organic duck.
Background technology
The organic duck great majority of present cultivation are all do altogether at Organic Farming Rice Fields.Duck happiness water, Organic Farming Rice Fields does not use any chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, use the organic manure such as feces of livestock and poultry, control rice pest adopts biopesticide, Ecological Environment of Paddy Field is improved, and various biology is grown, and the blue or green tender weeds in rice field, insect, earthworm, river snail, frog are that duck provides nutritious natural animal-plant feed, duck produces rapidly, delicious meat.The ight soil that duck is discharged, again as the organic manure of Organic Farming Rice Fields, also has the effect of loosening the soil, removing insect, weeding a garden.The Paddy Output of rice-duck farming significantly improves than other Organic Farming Rice Fields output, and rice mouthfeel is good, and quality is good, and market outlet is good.Rice-duck farming production technology is a kind of new model of the coordination of farming and animal husbandry, is also the new way developing efficient organic farming, has wide market prospects.
But the method that present Rice-duck fanning system cultivates organic duck is all bias toward organic paddy rice, and so-called organic duck is by-product.When organic paddy rice plantation receives greatly to pay attention to and widely popularize, how to cultivate organic duck better, improve the comprehensive benefit of Rice-duck fanning system, become the problem that plantation organic paddy rice must be paid attention to.
Summary of the invention
In order to cultivate organic duck better in Rice-duck fanning system, the invention provides the cultural method of a kind of organic duck.
The cultural method of organic duck of the present invention, comprises Rice-duck fanning system, and its technical scheme different from prior art is: after organic paddy rice rice transplanting 10 ~ 20 days after rice shoot is upright every mu put into 15 ~ 25 ducklings; In rice fulgorid outburst peak period, mu increases puts 5 ~ 10 second batch ducklings; Culture in enclosure in the culture in enclosure hurdle that duck to be caught up with pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining comprising and arranging in region, rice field by Rice Heading blooming stage, and supplement the organic paddy rice shrivelled kernel of feeding last year; After harvesting organic paddy rice, open culture in enclosure hurdle and again duck is raised scattered at organic paddy rice planting area;
Can sell through more than 6 months from duckling is put into;
On supporting Rice Cropping, fertilising aspect, use green manure to coordinate to comprise natural pond fertilizer, the barnyard manure of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and/or base manure made by the cake fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, use natural pond fertilizer, the people and animals' fecaluria fully become thoroughly decomposed and/or cake fertilizer again to topdress, all the other then use pyroligneous liquor, while second batch duckling is put in increasing, pyroligneous liquor is sprayed to organic paddy rice, after rice transplanting 12 ~ 16 days, the short florescence, protect florescence and fringe phase beginning, respectively spray pyroligneous liquor once;
Desinsection aspect, uses field light trap, and artificial propagation parasitic wasp, within the interval that every twice is sprayed pyroligneous liquor, spray a garlic capsicum water.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, the concentration of described pyroligneous liquor is 0.5 ~ 2%; Described garlic capsicum water is the mixed liquor of 1/0.1 ~ 10 of capsicum chilli liquid and garlic juice; Described capsicum chilli liquid is the filtrate that capsicum adds that 8 ~ 10 times of water boils filter gained after 20 ~ 40 minutes; Described garlic juice is the filtrate stirring evenly after 10 ~ 15 times and filter gained that adds water after the head of garlic is mashed.
Described duckling refers to epidemic prevention newly-hatched duckling feeding feed one duck of thoughtful 10 days.
In order to ensure nutrition during culture in enclosure, alternative plan cultivates fish, shrimp, spiral shell, frog, loach and/or yellow eel in pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining, and planting aquatic plants.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are 1 year one batch of a collection of ducks of rice.
Pool and limit, the field draining dark canal excavation building at duck varieties selection, purse seine construction, duck canopy, ridge arrangement, duck heap sort, aquaculture management, the control of duck disease, culture in enclosure hurdle are arranged, arrange in region, rice field and cultivate in fish, shrimp, spiral shell, frog, loach, yellow eel and water plants etc. in pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining, the present invention carries out with reference to the ripe scheme of prior art.
Pyroligneous liquor is at the condensate recovery liquid firing wood pyrolysis composition in charcoal process, has special smoke aroma, in acid, for faint yellow to bronzing.Pyroligneous liquor has promotion plant growth, improves the effect of product quality, as plant growth substances, fertilizer, desinsection microbial inoculum, for crops, vegetables, flowers, fruit growing.
Pyroligneous liquor coordinates farmyard manure mixing to impose on Tian Tuzhong, beneficial microbe breeding can be accelerated, promote that crop germinates and well developed root system, thus promotion plant growth, and can soil-borne disease be prevented and treated, as all having suppression or killing action to multiclass pathogens such as sick mould, Penicillium notatum, rhizoctonia, sclerotinite, sickle-like bacteria, the damage by disease and insect such as nematode also can be prevented and treated, regulate P in soil H value, purification and improvement soil.Be particularly useful for saline land, the effect of improvement soil is more obvious.
Pyroligneous liquor has the effect of the nitrogen decomposited in fixed ammonia, permeates in soil very well, prevents fertilizer effective ingredient from volatilizing.By promoting root growth, assisting aerial root fixed nitrogen, making crop absorb nutrient in soil smoothly, thus accelerating plant growth.
Pyroligneous liquor is mixed with base manure, forms super-active fertile, has ten large effects: 1. can provide the trace element needed for process of crop growth; 2. the ecological balance of soil organisms can be promoted; 3. fertilizer efficiency can be kept; 4. the pH value of soil is regulated; 5. the moisture in soil is kept; 6. the gas permeability of soil is strengthened; 7. soil particle is made; 8. the temperature of soil surface can be improved; 9. used in combinationly with farmyard manure can improve fertilizer efficiency, prevent farmyard manure to the injury of crop; 10. crops root-rot problem is alleviated, control underground damage by disease and insect.
Except above-mentioned to except the effect of paddy rice, pyroligneous liquor is also used for environmental protection and health field as deodorant, is used for field of health drinks as principal ingredients, is used for medical and health, poultry medicine, poultry, feed, production field as principal ingredients.Pyroligneous liquor can increase the breeding of lactic acid bacteria in animal body, reduce the abnormal fermentation of internal organ particularly in enteron aisle, strengthening stomach function, promotes digesting and assimilating of animal, increases the appetite of domestic animal, promote that it grows, reduce meat saturated fatty acid content, increase unsaturated fatty acid content, improve measurement techniques for quality detection of meat, improve the quality of egg production and egg, extend the fresh-keeping and storing time.Pyroligneous liquor also can reduce the stink of animal excrements.
Pyroligneous liquor can also improve water quality, water in water in rice field and pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining is had to the effect of clean, getting fat, minimizing oxygen consumption, the growth of the fish being conducive to cultivating in paddy growth and water, shrimp, spiral shell, frog, loach, yellow eel and water plants.
Garlic capsicum water and pyroligneous liquor alternately spray, and by different mechanism of action kill pests, reduce the drug resistance of insect, more effectively.Meanwhile, garlic also wants a lot of benefit to duck.In garlic water garlic, sulfur-containing compound has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, all has suppression and killing action to multiple coccus, bacillus, fungi and virus etc., is the one that in the natural plants found at present, antibacterial action is the strongest.Garlic can effectively suppress and kill the bacterial viruses such as the helicobacter pylori causing gastrointestinal disease, removes stomach noxious material, stimulating gastrointestinal mucous membrane, promotes appetite, accelerates digestion.Garlic can prevent the fat deposition in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, the metabolism of induced tissue fat inside.Garlic can produce good food calling effect, can promote duck food wish, improve meat, and can significantly improve daily gain.Laying rate is improved, and egg-laying peak is extended, duckling survival rate also can be made to improve.
The effect of capsicum to duck comprises: 1, stomach invigorating, aid digestion.Spread effect is had to the oral cavity of livestock and poultry and stomach, can strengthening gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote digestive juice secretion, improve appetite, and abnormal fermentation in intestines can be suppressed.2, cold-resistant.Edible capsicum can promote the qi-blood circulating of livestock and poultry, contributes to the cold tolerance and the feed intake that improve poultry.3, sterilization, raising resistance against diseases.4, improve meat, make its yellowish pink fresh and tender.5, improve the quality of egg, eggshell strength also increases, not cracky, and egg production also promotes to some extent.
In addition, field light trap can insect-killing trapping, and these are just become the good to eat food of duck by insect-killing trapping.
Based on Rice-duck fanning system, according to the cultural method of organic duck of the present invention, duck grows, and healthy morbidity is few, duckling survival rate is high, and daily gain significantly improves, Fresh & Tender in Texture, and meat saturated fatty acid content is few, laying rate improves, and eggshell strength increases, not cracky.
Embodiment
Rice-duck fanning system supports with family duck open country the complex ecosystem that natural, ecological and human intervention for feature combine planting organic paddy rice while, utilize the omnivorousness of family duck, eliminate weeds and the insect in rice field, the continual activity of duck is utilized to stimulate paddy growth, produce intertillage effect, the ight soil of duck can be used as the fertilizer in rice field simultaneously, any chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer is not used during paddy growth, can Shi Dao district be not contaminated to greatest extent, realize the sustainable breeding in rice field, save production cost, increase economic efficiency.
The ridge of supporting the rice field of duck is increased to 20 centimetres, is widened to 80 ~ 100 centimetres, so that the rest of duck and water conservation.A simple and easy duck canopy is built on limit, field, complete hay or rice husk on the ground, while spread woven bag, have a rest and feeding for duck, specification nylon silk screen is referred to along ridge enclosure in case duck flight and alien enemy's infringement with four in rice field surrounding, purse seine height 0.6 ~ 0.8 meter, inserting a small bamboo support, river, the pool etc. also can being utilized as intercepting for every about 2 meters.
High yield ditch (i.e. the dark canal of limit, field draining) is deep-cut in land for growing field crops, and remains 10 centimetres of profundal zones in ditch, has a bath for duck.Outside field, separately pool is set, pool is connected with the dark canal of limit, field draining, the culture in enclosure hurdle comprising pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining is set, be convenient at Rice Heading blooming stage, duck be caught up with into wherein culture in enclosure, in pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining, cultivate fish, shrimp, spiral shell, frog, loach, yellow eel and water plants etc.Concrete cultivation kind is determined according to actual conditions.
Duck varieties select in small body type, movable flexibly, the kind of appetite less, strong stress resistance of sleeping in the open, wide adaptability, with family duck and wild duck selection cross kind for the best.The present embodiment selects the little sheldrake in Guangxi.
Bought epidemic prevention newly-hatched duckling before 5 days in rice transplanting, thoughtful 10 days of feeding feed one, and select fine day to carry out tame and docile water, the depth of water 15 ~ 20 centimetres when taming and dociling water, tames and dociles the water time from short to long, until duck in water, activity is freely.Such duck is exactly the duckling alleged by the present invention.
After organic paddy rice rice transplanting 10 ~ 20 days after rice shoot is upright every mu put into 15 ~ 25 ducklings; Breaking out peak period to rice fulgorid mid-May by the end of April, mu increases puts 5 ~ 10 second batch ducklings;
With 80 ~ 100 a groups, 5 mu of rice fields are suitable.
After duck puts into rice field, let alone growth of freely looking for food, not any auxiliary fodder of feeding.Duck all lives in region, rice field 24 hours every days.
After Rice Heading flowering, for anti-duck searches for food spike of rice, affect rice yield and rice quality, culture in enclosure in culture in enclosure hurdle duck being caught up with the pool comprising and arranging in region, rice field and the dark canal of limit, field draining, and supplement the organic paddy rice shrivelled kernel of feeding last year.Duck is mainly looked for food small fish, shrimp, spiral shell, little frog, little loach and/or little yellow eel and small animal in other water in pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining during this period of time, the water plants of cultivation of simultaneously also searching for food.
After harvesting organic paddy rice, open culture in enclosure hurdle and again duck is raised scattered at organic paddy rice planting area.After paddy rice harvesting, Tanaka has and loses grain in a large number, also has because rice field does not have duck for some time, more insect and grass is have accumulated so also have, at this moment close herding duck, be very beneficial for duck food nutrition improve and reasonably combined, be the inning that duck is fattened.
Can sell through more than 6 months from duckling is put into.
On supporting Rice Cropping, fertilising aspect, use green manure to coordinate to comprise natural pond fertilizer, the barnyard manure of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and/or base manure made by the cake fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, use natural pond fertilizer, the people and animals' fecaluria fully become thoroughly decomposed and/or cake fertilizer again to topdress, all the other then use pyroligneous liquor, while second batch duckling is put in increasing, pyroligneous liquor is sprayed to organic paddy rice, after rice transplanting 15 days, the short florescence, protect florescence and fringe phase beginning, respectively spray pyroligneous liquor once;
Desinsection aspect, uses field light trap, and artificial propagation parasitic wasp, within the interval that every twice is sprayed pyroligneous liquor, spray a garlic capsicum water.
The concentration of pyroligneous liquor is 0.5 ~ 2%; Garlic capsicum water is the mixed liquor of 1/0.1 ~ 10 of capsicum chilli liquid and garlic juice.Wherein capsicum chilli liquid is the filtrate that capsicum adds that 8 ~ 10 times of water boils filter gained after 20 ~ 40 minutes; Garlic juice is the filtrate stirring evenly after 10 ~ 15 times and filter gained that adds water after the head of garlic is mashed.
All the other consider the vegetative activity of paddy rice and duck at paddy field moisture management aspect, suitably adjust the depth of water, should ensure the moisture requirement of paddy rice different times, are also beneficial to and tend ducks.
Usually, duck body weight of growing up: public 1410 ~ 1800 grams, female 1370 ~ 1710 grams.Cultivate 6 months according to the cultural method of above-mentioned of the present invention organic duck and can reach 1750 grams ~ 2000 grams.
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method of organic duck, comprises Rice-duck fanning system, it is characterized in that: after organic paddy rice rice transplanting 10 ~ 20 days after rice shoot is upright every mu put into 15 ~ 25 ducklings; In rice fulgorid outburst peak period, mu increases puts 5 ~ 10 second batch ducklings; Culture in enclosure in the culture in enclosure hurdle that duck to be caught up with pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining comprising and arranging in region, rice field by Rice Heading blooming stage, and supplement the organic paddy rice shrivelled kernel of feeding last year; After harvesting organic paddy rice, open culture in enclosure hurdle and again duck is raised scattered at organic paddy rice planting area;
Can sell through more than 6 months from duckling is put into;
On supporting Rice Cropping, fertilising aspect, use green manure to coordinate to comprise natural pond fertilizer, the barnyard manure of fully becoming thoroughly decomposed and/or base manure made by the cake fertilizer that fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, use natural pond fertilizer, the people and animals' fecaluria fully become thoroughly decomposed and/or cake fertilizer again to topdress, all the other then use pyroligneous liquor, while second batch duckling is put in increasing, pyroligneous liquor is sprayed to organic paddy rice, after rice transplanting 12 ~ 16 days, the short florescence, protect florescence and fringe phase beginning, respectively spray pyroligneous liquor once;
Desinsection aspect, uses field light trap, and artificial propagation parasitic wasp, within the interval that every twice is sprayed pyroligneous liquor, spray a garlic capsicum water.
2. the cultural method of organic duck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of described pyroligneous liquor is 0.5 ~ 2%; Described garlic capsicum water is the mixed liquor of 1/0.1 ~ 10 of capsicum chilli liquid and garlic juice; Described capsicum chilli liquid is the filtrate that capsicum adds that 8 ~ 10 times of water boils filter gained after 20 ~ 40 minutes; Described garlic juice is the filtrate stirring evenly after 10 ~ 15 times and filter gained that adds water after the head of garlic is mashed.
3. the cultural method of organic duck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described duckling refers to epidemic prevention newly-hatched duckling feeding feed one duck of thoughtful 10 days.
4. the cultural method of organic duck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in pool and the dark canal of limit, field draining, cultivate fish, shrimp, spiral shell, frog, loach and/or yellow eel, and planting aquatic plants.
5. the cultural method of organic duck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 1 year one batch of a collection of duck of rice.
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