CN105248007B - Alternate, multilayer and repetitive filling soil reconstruction method by using Yellow River sediment in reclamation of coal mining subsidence land - Google Patents
Alternate, multilayer and repetitive filling soil reconstruction method by using Yellow River sediment in reclamation of coal mining subsidence land Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012279 drainage procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The invention relates to an alternate, multilayer and repetitive filling soil reconstruction method by using Yellow River sediment in reclamation of a coal mining subsidence land, and belongs to the technical field of mine environment protection. The method comprises the steps of determining soil stripping thickness of a coal mining subsidence land and dividing the coal mining subsidence land into regular rectangular filling strips; determining soil filling reconstruction profile characteristics and further determining the sequence of the filling strips and the number of synchronous and alternate filling strips; performing layer-by-layer soil stripping on a group of synchronous and alternate filling strips by using an adjacent filling strip which does not belong to the group as a stripped soil stacking area for the synchronous and alternate filling strips, and stacking the stripped soil in corresponding subareas; performing alternate, multilayer and repetitive filling of sediment layers, drainage and covering of subsoil layers, and after reconstruction of all sediment layers and subsoil layers of all filling strips in the group of synchronous and alternate filling strips are completed, backfilling surface soil for coverage and flattening the soil. The method improves the water and fertility preservation performance of the reconstructed profile, accelerates the soil ripening of the sediment layers and facilitates the growth and development of crops.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mine environment protection, more particularly to high ground-water level Plain mining area Yellow River mud are reclaimed and are adopted
Coal depression ground alternate multiple repeated filling soil reconstruction method.
Technical background
In Eastern China high ground-water level Plain mining area, hydrops are serious after coal-mining subsidence, some regional excess surface water areas
Reach more than the 50% of depression area, hydrops more than 20m (Xiao Wu, exploiting field Ground Surface Dynamic depression simulation and arable land rate analysis of reclaiming,
2013).Such regional land reclamation problem is always the research emphasis of the multi-party scholar of China, and Meaning of Land Reclamation in China is from 20th century 80
Since age starts to walk, development is very rapid, and for such area the shallow deep pad of digging, gangue filling, flyash filling etc. are proposed
Many practical Reclamation Techniques, but the contradiction that such area is had a large population and a few land is not well solved.Wherein, deep pad is dug shallow
Reclamation Technique, the cultivated area of recovery is less；Gangue or flyash Reclamation by filling need substantial amounts of filler, can after filling
Secondary pollution can be caused, and with recyclings such as mining area gangue and flyash, enough filling materials can not be provided
Material.China Partial mining area has carried out in recent years some trials for lake mud filling coal mining depression, achieves some achievements, but its
Use range is limited, is only limitted to the mining area of lake mud resource, and the soil bottom sludge thickness after reclaiming using the technology, easily
Marsh is formed, the discharging consolidation time is also long, just can cultivate within 1 year after Reclamation by filling.The back of the body is become silted up admittedly for Lower Reaches of The Yellow River in China
The research of dike has had the history of more than 50 years, and domestic scholars are for irrigation areas settling pit silt roof strata moving pattern, silt agriculture
The aspects such as field treatment technology have carried out correlational study.Using part coal mine subsidence land near the Yellow River advantage, using the Yellow River mud
Husky filling coal mining depression ground is a kind of effective method, and it can not only to greatest extent recover arable land, alleviate Eastern China
The contradiction that high ground-water level Plain mining area is had a large population and a few land, moreover it is possible to effectively utilize yellow river water resources and sediment resource, advantageously reduces the Yellow River riverbed
Elevation, improves Benefit of Flood Preventation.
Yellow River mud filling coal mining depression ground is to recover arable land as final purpose, and its core content is Soil Reconstruction, and native
The key content of earth reconstruct is that (2005), its is right for Hu Zhenqi, the concept and method of mine reclamation Soil Reconstruction for Soil Profile Reconstruction
Moisture runs and other Fertility evolutions all have an impact, and is that inspection is reclaimed the main standard of success or failure, therefore reconstructs excellent soil to cut open
Face is most important.The key issue of Soil Profile Reconstruction is that soil and silt survey distribution level, and it is directly to refill technique related.
China part mining area has carried out some trials to Yellow River mud Reclamation by filling coal mine subsidence land, but directly filling earthing is defined
Typical " upper viscous lower sand " type profile, the sandy soils of filling are easy to leak leakage fertilizer, and the later stage is not enough to crop water and nutrient supply,
Cause crop development bad, yield is poor；And subregion is not enough due to mulching soil, cause yellow in later stage cultivating procedure
Move on river silt sand, mixed with original soil, exacerbate the not preservation capacity of water and fertility in the region.
For Yellow River mud Reclamation by filling coal mine subsidence land second ploughing method, the applicant proposed that " Yellow River mud was reclaimed and adopted
The filling second ploughing method on coal depression ground " patent (B of CN 103283335), but it is only applicable to abundant long band, to ensure Huang
River silt is husky, and there is enough paths to be precipitated, and be not particularly suited for the short strips of fine filling." Yellow River mud is reclaimed coal-mining subsidence
The filling second ploughing method on ground " " patent (B of CN 103283335) adopts continuous filling method, Yellow River mud primary filling to complete,
What is formed is " upper viscous lower sand " type profile, and is unfavorable for crop cultivation and forms high yield good farmland." Yellow River mud is reclaimed to mine and is sunk
Stop measure using geotextiles after the filling second ploughing method on sunken ground " patent (B of CN 103283335) draining, continuously filling
Continue draining in journey, serve certain Yellow River mud that intercepts and drain the purpose of clear water, but still have in the Yellow River mud of part certainly
The cosmid and powder of band is discharged.
All in all, the existing technology for closely drawing Yellow River mud Reclamation by filling coal mine subsidence land also exist it is following not
Foot：(1) abundant long filling band is only applicable to, when filling band and being shorter, Yellow River mud does not have sufficiently long precipitation pathways,
Cause Yellow River mud in draining to increase, increased the burden of the sand measure such as drain outlet geotextiles；(2) existing Yellow River mud
Earthing technique is directly filled, typical " upper viscous lower sand " type profile is defined, preservation capacity of water and fertility is poor, is unfavorable for plant growth；(3)
Existing Yellow River mud directly fills earthing technique, using drainage pattern is continued in continuous stowing operation, lost Yellow River mud
In the part cosmid that carries and powder；(4) existing Yellow River mud directly fills earthing technique, causes Yellow River mud filling bed mistake
Thickness, discharging consolidation overlong time, the moisture of Yellow River mud filling bed mid-deep strata delays to drain, and extends Secondary Reclamation Time.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve an above-mentioned difficult problem, it is proposed that a kind of Yellow River mud is reclaimed coal mine subsidence land alternate multiple
Repeated filling soil reconstruction method, by alternately filling process, constructs the soil profile of more scientific multiple structure.
Filling reclamation method for reclaiming coal mining subsidence lands by Yellow River sediment proposed by the present invention, it is characterised in that：
(1) determine regional soil cover thickness to be filled, divide filling band：According to the depression depth of coal mine subsidence land and
The absolute altitude to be reclaimed of design, determines thickness of soil to be filled：According to thickness of soil to be filled and coal mine subsidence land maximum soil stripping
From thickness, the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land is determined, the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land is 0.5～1m, wherein table
Native cover thickness is 0.2～0.5m, and cubsoil cover thickness is 0～0.8m；According to the cultivating of depression ground, irrigation and drainage actual landforms spy
Levy, and the soil stripping thickness of soil stripping mechanical condition and coal mine subsidence land, coal mine subsidence land is divided into into the length of rule
Square filling band, filling stripe size is width 25-35m, long 50～150m, and band is pressed into 1,2,3,4 ..., and n is compiled
Number；
(2) filling Soil Reconstruction section, silt filling number of times and thickness are determined：Shelled according to thickness of soil to be filled, soil
The Soil structure of the suitable sandwich soil of reclaiming determined from thickness and by pot experiment, it is determined that filling Soil Reconstruction profile features
It is from top to bottom：Silt layer-subsoil-silt layer ... subsoil-topsoil；Types of layers thickness is：Topsoil thickness 0.2～
0.5m, 0.15～0.4m of each subsoil thickness, 0.2～1m of each mud burial depth, silt layer k are 2～4 layers, wherein filling
The number of plies of silt layer is k；
(3) number of order and timed delivery for filling band of filling band is determined：By the way of filling every band, first fill
Fill out the filling band of odd-numbered, refill the filling band of even-numbered, or on the contrary；K+1 filling band is selected as one
Group timed delivery is for filling band；
(4) soil stripping laydown area is determined：Using one group of timed delivery for filling band neighbouring non-group filling band as
This group of timed delivery puts sub-district for the soil stripping laydown area for filling band, laydown area by middle part table mound, and both sides cubsoil stacks son
District's groups into；It is highly 1～2.5m that table mound puts sub-district, and cubsoil stacks sub-district and highly constitutes cubsoil dam for 2～4m；Neighbouring non-
The cubsoil of group filling band is stacked sub-district and is stacked before cubsoil, and the table soil of cubsoil stacking sub-district is also peeled off in the lump and is deposited in this filling bar
The table mound of band is put in sub-district；If one group of timed delivery is Reclamation by filling bar for the neighbouring non-group filling band of filling band
The region for not covering table soil is vacated as this group of timed delivery for filling bar in band, its band both sides in table earthen backfill work progress
The cubsoil of band stacks sub-district, and table mound of the region of covering table soil as this group of timed delivery for filling band puts son in the middle of its band
Area；
(5) timed delivery is peeled off for the soil layering of filling band：Table soil, the heart are carried out for filling band to each group of timed delivery
The delamination of soil：First, by this group of timed delivery for filling band topsoil stripping, cover thickness is 0.2～0.5m, and will be peeled off
The table mound that is placed in the middle of the filling band of neighbouring non-group # plus or minus one of table mound put in sub-district, and by this adjacent to non-
This group filling band cubsoil is stacked the table soil of sub-district and is also peeled off in the lump and is deposited in its table mound and puts in sub-district, takes soil conservation measure to cover
The grass of lid and plantation loam；Then timed delivery is peeled off for the cubsoil of filling band and is deposited in the heart that neighbouring non-group fills band
Mound puts sub-district, constitutes cubsoil dam, covers for follow-up backfill；
(6) alternate multiple is carried out for filling band to every group of timed delivery and fills silt layer-draining-covering subsoil successively：
Alternately filling is carried out for filling band to each group of timed delivery, first starts to fill silt for filling band from first timed delivery
Layer, after the mud 0.2～1m of burial depth of setting is reached, starts second timed delivery of filling for filling band, when reaching setting
Mud 0.2～1m of burial depth after, then carry out next timed delivery for filling band, so carry out, be performed until kth+1
Timed delivery is for filling band；After each timed delivery is for the complete one layer of silt layer of filling strip filling, the silt for being kept for 1～3 day sinks
The shallow lake time, then draining by the way of geotextiles is added using deep gutter；After the silt layer draining of filling is dried, from neighbouring non-group
The cubsoil of filling band is stacked sub-district and is fetched earth, and by the subsoil thickness of design cubsoil is covered, and subsoil thickness is 0.15～0.4m；
Each timed delivery is covered after the completion of subsoil for filling strip filling, then carries out filling for next layer of silt layer in the same way
Fill out, until this group of timed delivery is completed for each filling bar tape alternation filling of filling band；
(7) backfill of table soil：After completing the construction of all silt layers and subsoil, from neighbouring non-group the table of band is filled
Mound puts sub-district, transport back table soil carry out backfill cover and it is smooth；After after coal mine subsidence land, all filling band completes filling, in the lump
It is smooth.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect
(1) the multi-level section beneficial to plant growth can be formed：Alternate multiple repeated filling soil reconstruction method, composition
Filling Soil Reconstruction section is no longer " upper viscous lower sand " type profile, and the presence for having multiple soil layers in section improves reconstruct section
Preservation capacity of water and fertility, accelerate the soil-ripening of silt layer, be conducive to the growth promoter of crop.
(2) be conducive to precipitating and preserving the fine grained (cosmid and powder) rich in nutrition in Yellow River mud：Alternate multiple is more
Secondary filling soil reconstruction method, is filled by multiple tape alternations, is realized in the case where pack effectiveness is not affected, and is extended
The time of Yellow River mud precipitation, be conducive to precipitating and preserving fine grained (cosmid and the powder that nutrition is rich in the Yellow River mud of part
Grain).
(3) Secondary Reclamation Time can further be shortened：Filled between band for different in filling band by one group of timed delivery
Alternate multiple repeated filling soil reconstruction method, within the time of the Yellow River mud layer discharging consolidation of filling, can be to same with group
Step alternately fills other bands in band and carries out filling and earthing work, entirely reclaims the duration so as to shorten.
(4) the fine filling of short strips is conducive to：When filling band and being shorter, fine filling operation, Yellow River mud are carried out
Layering and precipitating draining, can mitigate the burden of the sand measure such as drain outlet geotextiles.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the inventive method FB(flow block)s.
The embodiment of Fig. 2 application the inventive method divides filling band schematic diagram.
The filling Soil Reconstruction generalized section of the embodiment of Fig. 3 application the inventive method.
Fig. 4 is peeled off for the soil layering of filling band for the timed delivery of the present embodiment and neighbouring non-group fills band table
Soil, cubsoil stack sub-district schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the table earthen backfill schematic diagram that the present embodiment has filled band.
Specific embodiment
Yellow River mud proposed by the present invention is reclaimed coal mine subsidence land alternate multiple repeated filling soil reconstruction method, with reference to attached
Figure and embodiment detailed description are as follows, and the embodiment flow process of this method application is as shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps：
(1) determine regional soil cover thickness to be filled, divide filling band：According to the depression depth of coal mine subsidence land and
The absolute altitude to be reclaimed of design, determines thickness of soil to be filled：According to thickness of soil to be filled and coal mine subsidence land maximum soil stripping
From thickness, the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land is determined, the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land is generally 0.5～1m, its
Middle topsoil stripping thickness is 0.2～0.5m, and cubsoil cover thickness is 0～0.8m；In the present embodiment, the depression depth of coal mine subsidence land
Spend for 0.9m, the absolute altitude to be reclaimed of design is the former absolute altitude before depression, soil stripping thickness is 0.6m, wherein topsoil stripping thickness
For 0.3m, cubsoil cover thickness is 0.3m.According to the cultivating of depression ground, the actual geomorphic feature such as irrigation and drainage, and soil stripping machine
The soil stripping thickness of tool condition and coal mine subsidence land, is divided into the rectangle filling band of rule, typically by coal mine subsidence land
Filling stripe size is width 25-35m, long 50～150m, and band is pressed into 1,2,3,4 ..., and n is numbered；In the present embodiment,
Filling stripe size a width of 30m, a length of 100m；As shown in Fig. 2 the numbering of filling band 11 for marking off be 1,2 ..., N,
Filling strip perimeter builds gutter 12,14 and field road 15, gutter 12,14 insertions, gutter 12,14 and field road
Bridge 13 is built by 15 intersections.
(2) filling Soil Reconstruction section, silt filling number of times and thickness are determined：(to change the soil knot of " the lower sand of upper soil "
Structure) according to the soil of thickness of soil to be filled, soil stripping thickness and the suitable sandwich soil of reclaiming for passing through pot experiment determination
Structure, it is determined that filling Soil Reconstruction profile features are from top to bottom：Silt layer-subsoil-silt layer ... subsoil-table soil
Layer；Wherein types of layers thickness is：Topsoil 0.2～0.5m of thickness, 0.15～0.4m of each subsoil thickness, each mud burial depth
0.2～1m, silt layer k are 2～4 layers；In the present embodiment, k=2, as shown in figure 3, its filling Soil Reconstruction profile features is under
It is on：Silt layer 25- subsoil 24- silt layer 23- subsoil 22- topsoil 21, the thickness of topsoil 21 be 0.3m, subsoil
22nd, 24 thickness are 0.15m, and the thickness of silt layer 24 is 0.3m, and the thickness of silt layer 25 is 0.6m, and silt is using yellow in the present embodiment
River silt is husky；
(3) number of order and timed delivery for filling band of filling band is determined：By the way of filling every band, first fill
Fill out the filling band of odd-numbered, refill the filling band of even-numbered, or on the contrary；K+1 (odd number or even number) is selected to fill
Band is filled out as one group of timed delivery for filling band；In the present embodiment, the band of odd-numbered is first filled, as shown in figure 4, k=
2, then take 3 filling bands same as first group for the filling band that filling band, i.e. numbering are 1,3,5 as one group of timed delivery
Step alternately fills band, and numbering is that 2,4,6 filling band fills band as first group adjacent to non-group；
(4) soil stripping laydown area is determined：Using one group of timed delivery for filling band neighbouring non-group filling band as
This group of timed delivery puts sub-district for the soil stripping laydown area for filling band, laydown area by middle part table mound, and both sides cubsoil stacks son
District's groups into；It is highly 1～2.5m that table mound puts sub-district, and it is highly 2～4m that cubsoil stacks sub-district, that is, constitute cubsoil dam；Neighbouring
The cubsoil of non-group filling band is stacked sub-district and is stacked before cubsoil, and cubsoil stacks the table soil of sub-district and also peels off to be deposited in the lump and originally fills
The table mound for filling out band is put in sub-district；If one group of timed delivery is Reclamation by filling for the neighbouring non-group filling band of filling band
The region for not covering table soil is vacated as this group of timed delivery for filling in band, its band both sides in table earthen backfill work progress
The cubsoil of band stacks sub-district, and table mound of the region of covering table soil as this group of timed delivery for filling band is put in the middle of its band
Sub-district.In the present embodiment, first group is the unfilled band reclaimed adjacent to non-group filling band (2,4,6), as shown in figure 4,
It puts sub-district 36, the both sides heart as first group of timed delivery for the soil stripping laydown area for filling band (1,3,5), including table mound
Mound puts sub-district 37, and the native stripping in the lump of table of cubsoil stacking sub-district 37 is deposited in this filling band table mound and puts sub-district 36, table soil
It is highly 1m to stack sub-district, and it is 2m that cubsoil stacks the height of sub-district；
Table mound puts sub-district 36 and both sides cubsoil stacks sub-district in neighbouring non-group filling band (2,4,6) of the present embodiment
37 width determines that concrete grammar is as follows：
(41) width of each filling band is set as W, length is L, and wherein table mound puts sub-district width for W1, both sides cubsoil
It is W to stack sub-district width2, soil stripping thickness is d, and wherein topsoil stripping thickness is a, and table mound puts sub-district and cubsoil stacks son
Area cross section is one trapezoidal, and its natural angle of slope (angle of repose) takes 45 °, and it is highly h that table mound puts sub-district1, cubsoil is stacked sub
Area is highly h2；
(42) timed delivery fills band (2,4,6) both sides cubsoil for the table soil and neighbouring non-group of filling band (1,3,5)
The table soil in sub-district is stacked, neighbouring non-group filling band middle part table mound is deposited in the lump and is put sub-district, therefore its table mound puts son
The width W in area1=(W+2W2)*a/h1+h1；
(43) timed delivery is deposited in neighbouring non-group and fills band (2,4,6) both sides for the cubsoil of filling band (1,3,5)
Cubsoil stacks sub-district, constitutes cubsoil dam, therefore cubsoil stacks the width W of sub-district2=W (d-a)/(2h2)+h2；
(44) the width W of band, table mound are filled and puts sub-district W1Sub-district W is stacked with cubsoil2Relation is W >=W1+2W2。
(45) in the present embodiment, W=30m, L=100m, d=0.6m, a=0.3m, h1=1, h2=2m, then W1=
12.55m, W2=4.25m.
(5) timed delivery is peeled off for the soil layering of filling band：Table soil, the heart are carried out for filling band to each group of timed delivery
The delamination of soil, is that filling silt is ready：First, by this group of timed delivery for filling band topsoil stripping, cover thickness
For 0.2～0.5m, and the table mound of stripping is placed on into neighbouring non-group fills band (the i.e. filling of this band numbering plus or minus one
Band) middle table mound is put in sub-district, and this is also shelled in the lump adjacent to the table soil that non-group filling band cubsoil stacks sub-district
Put in sub-district from its table mound is deposited in, then take soil conservation measure to cover and plant the grass of loam；Then timed delivery is replaced and is filled
The cubsoil for filling out band peels off the cubsoil stacking sub-district for being deposited in neighbouring non-group filling band, cubsoil dam is constituted, for follow-up
Backfill is covered, as shown in figure 4, realizing optimum soil reclaimation；
(6) alternate multiple is carried out for filling band to every group of timed delivery and fills silt layer-draining-covering subsoil successively：
Alternately filling is carried out for filling band to each group of timed delivery, first starts to fill silt for filling band from first timed delivery
Layer, after mud burial depth (0.2～1m) of setting is reached, starts second timed delivery of filling for filling band, sets when reaching
After fixed mud burial depth (0.2～1m), then next timed delivery is carried out for filling band, so carried out, be performed until kth
+ 1 timed delivery is for filling band.As shown in Fig. 4 31, each stowing operation is all from filling one end of band 32 to the side of gutter 14
To being filled.After each timed delivery is for the complete one layer of silt layer of filling strip filling, kept for the sediment deposition time of 1～3 day,
Cosmid and powder precipitation in ensure silt.Then, draining by the way of geotextiles is added using deep gutter, shown in Fig. 4, arranges two
The sand such as individual discharge outlet 33 and geotextiles barrier 34, to discharge silt layer as early as possible in water.After the silt layer draining of filling is dried,
Sub-district 35 is stacked from the cubsoil of neighbouring non-group filling band to fetch earth, by the subsoil thickness of design cubsoil, cubsoil thickness are covered
Spend for 0.15～0.4m；Each timed delivery is next for carrying out in the same way again after the completion of filling strip filling covering subsoil
The filling of layer silt layer, until this group of timed delivery is cutd open for the filling Soil Reconstruction of each filling band complete design of filling band
Face, as shown in Figure 3.Alternate multiple repeated filling silt is carried out for each filling band in filling band to each group of timed delivery
Layer-draining-covering subsoil, must carry out linking, ensure filling in time, draining is rapid, earthing in place, while will during filling
Take the measure for preventing washing away aspect of reclaiming, it is ensured that by the filling Soil Reconstruction profile features construction of design；
The present embodiment carries out alternate multiple repeated filling silt floor-row to first group 1,3, No. 5 timed deliveries for filling band
Water-covering subsoil specific implementation method is as follows：
(61) 25 silt floor of No. 1 timed delivery for filling band are filled, after the mud burial depth 0.6m of setting is reached, is protected
Hold the sediment deposition time of 1～3 day, to ensure silt in cosmid and powder precipitation.In treating its drainage procedure, No. 3 synchronizations are filled
25 silt layers of band are alternately filled, after the mud burial depth 0.6m of setting is reached, treats to fill No. 5 synchronizations in its drainage procedure
Alternately fill 25 silt layers of band；
(62) the 25 silt floor that 1,3, No. 5 timed deliveries of real-time monitoring have been filled for filling band, are dried in its abundant draining
Afterwards, 24 silt layers are carried out immediately smooth, then stacks sub-district from 35 cubsoils of neighbouring non-group filling band and fetch earth, in 25 mud
The subsoil of 0.15m thickness 24 is covered on sand bed, and is carried out smooth；
(63) timed delivery to having completed the covering of 24 subsoils in (62) is taken after the measure for preventing washing away for filling band,
Carry out the filling operation of 23 silt layers, then kept for sediment deposition time of 1～3 day, to ensure silt in cosmid and powder it is heavy
Form sediment.In treating its drainage procedure, other timed deliveries in 25 silt layers this group that abundant draining has been dried are carried out for filling band
Cover the work of 23 silt layers of 24 subsoils and filling；
(64) the 23 silt floor that 1,3, No. 5 timed deliveries of real-time monitoring have been filled for filling band, are dried in its abundant draining
Afterwards, 23 silt layers are carried out immediately smooth, then stacks sub-district from 35 cubsoils of neighbouring non-group filling band and fetch earth, in 23 mud
The subsoil of 0.15m thickness 22 is covered on sand bed, and is carried out smooth；
(65) (61)～(64) step is repeated, until 1,3, No. 5 timed deliveries of this group complete 22 subsoils for filling band
Cover finishing operations；
(7) backfill of table soil：To one group of timed delivery for each filling band in filling band according to step (6) alternate multiple
Repeated filling silt layer-draining-covering subsoil, after completing the construction of all silt layers and subsoil, fills from neighbouring non-group
The table mound for filling out band puts sub-district, transport back table soil carry out backfill cover and it is smooth, as shown in Figure 5；Treat that coal mine subsidence land all fills
Fill out band to complete after filling, unnecessary table earthen backfill is covered the region for lacking table soil, it is smooth in the lump.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Yellow River mud is reclaimed coal mine subsidence land alternate multiple repeated filling soil reconstruction method, it is characterised in that：The party
Method is comprised the following steps：
(1) determine regional soil cover thickness to be filled, divide filling band：Depression depth and design according to coal mine subsidence land
Absolute altitude to be reclaimed, determine thickness of soil to be filled；It is thick according to thickness of soil to be filled and coal mine subsidence land maximum soil stripping
Degree, determines the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land, and the soil stripping thickness of coal mine subsidence land is 0.5～1m, wherein the stripping of table soil
It is 0.2～0.5m from thickness, cubsoil cover thickness is 0～0.8m；According to depression ground cultivate, the actual geomorphic feature of irrigation and drainage, with
And the soil stripping thickness of soil stripping mechanical condition and coal mine subsidence land, the rectangle that coal mine subsidence land is divided into rule is filled
Band is filled out, filling stripe size is width 25-35m, long 50～150m, and band is pressed into 1,2,3,4 ..., and n is numbered；
(2) filling Soil Reconstruction section, silt filling number of times and thickness are determined：It is thick according to thickness of soil to be filled, soil stripping
The Soil structure of degree and the suitable sandwich soil of reclaiming determined by pot experiment, it is determined that filling Soil Reconstruction profile features are under
It is on：Silt layer-subsoil-silt layer ... subsoil-topsoil；Types of layers thickness is：Topsoil 0.2～0.5m of thickness,
0.15～0.4m of each subsoil thickness, 0.2～1m of each mud burial depth, silt layer k are 2～4 layers, wherein filling silt layer
The number of plies be k；
(3) number of order and timed delivery for filling band of filling band is determined：By the way of filling every band, first fill strange
The filling band of number numbering, the filling band of refilling even-numbered, or on the contrary；Select k+1 filling band same as one group
Step alternately fills band；
(4) soil stripping laydown area is determined：One group of timed delivery is filled into band as the group for neighbouring non-group of filling band
Timed delivery puts sub-district for the soil stripping laydown area for filling band, laydown area by middle part table mound, and both sides cubsoil stacks sub-district group
Into；It is highly 1～2.5m that table mound puts sub-district, and cubsoil stacks sub-district and constitutes cubsoil dam, is highly 2～4m；In neighbouring non-group
The cubsoil of filling band is stacked sub-district and is stacked before cubsoil, and cubsoil stacks native also the stripping in the lump of table of sub-district and is deposited in this filling band
Table mound put in sub-district；If one group of timed delivery is Reclamation by filling band for the neighbouring non-group filling band of filling band,
The region for not covering table soil is vacated as this group of timed delivery for filling band in its band both sides in table earthen backfill work progress
Cubsoil stacks sub-district, and table mound of the region of covering table soil as this group of timed delivery for filling band puts sub-district in the middle of its band；
(5) timed delivery is peeled off for the soil layering of filling band：Table is carried out for filling band to each group of timed delivery native, cubsoil
Delamination：First, by this group of timed delivery for filling band topsoil stripping, cover thickness is 0.2～0.5m, and the table that will be peeled off
Mound is placed on the table mound in the middle of the filling band of neighbouring non-group # plus or minus one and puts in sub-district, and by this adjacent to non-group
Filling band cubsoil is stacked the table soil of sub-district and is also peeled off in the lump and is deposited in its table mound and puts in sub-district, take soil conservation measure to cover and
The grass of plantation loam；Then timed delivery is peeled off for the cubsoil of filling band and is deposited in the cubsoil heap that neighbouring non-group fills band
Sub-district is put, cubsoil dam is constituted, is covered for follow-up backfill；
(6) carry out alternate multiple for filling band to every group of timed delivery to fill silt layer, draining successively, cover subsoil：To every
One group of timed delivery carries out alternately filling for filling band, first starts to fill silt layer for filling band from first timed delivery, when
After reaching the mud 0.2～1m of burial depth of setting, start second timed delivery of filling for filling band, when the silt for reaching setting
After thickness 0.2～1m of degree, then next timed delivery is carried out for filling band, so carried out, be performed until+1 timed delivery of kth
For filling band；After each timed delivery is for the complete one layer of silt layer of filling strip filling, kept for the sediment deposition time of 1～3 day,
Then draining by the way of geotextiles is added using deep gutter；After the silt layer draining of filling is dried, from neighbouring non-group bar is filled
The cubsoil of band is stacked sub-district and is fetched earth, and by the subsoil thickness of design cubsoil is covered, and subsoil thickness is 0.15～0.4m；Each
Timed delivery is covered after the completion of subsoil for filling strip filling, then carries out the filling of next layer of silt layer in the same way, until
This group of timed delivery is completed for each filling bar tape alternation filling of filling band；
(7) backfill of table soil：After completing the construction of all silt layers and subsoil, from neighbouring non-group the table mound of band is filled
Put sub-district, transport back table soil carry out backfill cover and it is smooth；After after coal mine subsidence land, all filling band completes filling, put down in the lump
It is whole.
2. method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that table mound is put in the neighbouring non-group filling band of the step (4)
Sub-district and both sides cubsoil stack the width of sub-district and determine that concrete grammar is as follows：
(41) width of each filling band is set as W, length is L, and wherein table mound puts sub-district width for W1, the stacking of both sides cubsoil
Sub-district width is W2, soil stripping thickness is d, and wherein topsoil stripping thickness is a, and table mound puts sub-district and cubsoil stacks sub-district horizontal stroke
Tangent plane is a natural inclined trapezoidal, and it is highly h that table mound puts sub-district1, it is highly h that cubsoil stacks sub-district2；
(42) timed delivery is native for the table that the table soil for filling band and neighbouring non-group filling band both sides cubsoil are stacked in sub-district, and one
And be deposited in neighbouring non-group filling band middle part table mound and put sub-district, therefore its table mound puts the width W of sub-district1=(W+2W2)*
a/h1+h1；
(43) timed delivery is deposited in neighbouring non-group filling band both sides cubsoil stacking sub-district for the cubsoil of filling band, constitutes the heart
Earth dam, therefore cubsoil stacks the width W of sub-district2=W (d-a)/(2h2)+h2；
(44) the width W of band, table mound are filled and puts sub-district W1Sub-district W is stacked with cubsoil2Relation is W >=W1+2W2。
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| CN107304559B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2019-06-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The restorative procedure of ribbon Collapse Pit |
| CN109372511B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2020-05-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for dynamically filling coal mining subsidence land by using yellow river silt |
| CN110222468B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2022-06-07 | 北部湾大学 | Calculation method of surface soil stacking field area and construction method for surface soil stripping |
| CN111946347B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-07-22 | 上海市园林设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for ecological restoration of coal mining subsidence area by using river sediment resource |
| CN113447638B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2024-01-23 | 自然林(北京)科技有限公司 | Soil layer structure comparison analysis method and reconstruction method thereof |
| CN112816655A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-18 | 山西大学 | Soil profile reconstruction method for ecological restoration |
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| CN102918950B (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2015-04-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for determining reclamation construction sensitive area in coal mining subsidence land |
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