CN105210720A - A kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105210720A CN105210720A CN201510730986.2A CN201510730986A CN105210720A CN 105210720 A CN105210720 A CN 105210720A CN 201510730986 A CN201510730986 A CN 201510730986A CN 105210720 A CN105210720 A CN 105210720A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
- A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
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Abstract
The invention discloses the special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato and cultivation method, described special cultivating stand comprises: top column (1), lower pole (2), cross-arm (3), U-shaped lock set (4), bearing diagonal (5), the spring that bears down on one (6), self threading pin (7), main drawing line (8), leg (9), moorstone (10), bracing wire (11), turnbuckle (12), long screw (13), bayonet socket (14).Described cultivation method comprises wholely, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand are installed.Based on the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: be applicable to different planting environment cultivated tomato; Tomato plant plant type is attractive in appearance; Increase and stay fruit to stay spike number amount; Cultivating stand is long for service life; Cultivating stand device is light, detachable; Cross-arm height and quantity can be adjusted on request, control to stay fruit stay spike number amount or adapt to different cultivation condition; Castatopsis fissa cultivation is introduced in tomato cultivation; Line-spacing can be regulated according to planting environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technique for cultivating tomato field, is a kind of cultivation posture for the different planting environment plantation of tomato, the specifically special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato and cultivation method.
Background technology
The tomato plant stem of one dimensional infinite wall is soft, can not support erect plants growth, traditionally tomato cultivation many employings bamboo pole built or hang and climingly fix plant, realizes high yield.
A kind of conventional tomato cultivation method adopts bamboo pole (or rod, thick stalk etc.) built, makes tomato plant vertical growth by being bundled in by tomato stem on the bamboo pole in insertion soil.Although this method can solve tomato plant lodging problem, have the following disadvantages: restriction tomato plant strain growth height, thus reduce individual plant height stubble amount, thus the performance of restriction tomato yield potentiality; Built cultivation needs wider furrow face, if plant is higher, can not planting culture, and cause land utilization rate low; The service lifes such as bamboo pole are short, especially insert soil middle part split pole perishable, cause tomato plant to lodge; Unsightly, bearing capacity is limited for bamboo pole built.
In production, another kind of traditional cultivation method of tomatoes hangs climing, and this method is drawn from external, generally adopts with tomato facility cultivation.Hanging climing mode is be fixed on the upper end of lifting rope on the lifting rope steel wire that draws and establish, and lower end is bundled in tomato plant base portion, along with plant constantly grows, continues to be wrapped on tomato cane.Although this method to some extent solves by the set in brickwork deficiency of the materials such as bamboo pole, but still there is Additional challenges.Hang climing method and be mainly used in modern greenhouse or beam-connected greenhouse at first, Qi Peng room main body intensity is high, is provided with to be specifically designed to hang climing steel wire, but along with the generally application in tunnel greenhouse, occur that greenhouse main body frame strength is inadequate, the result phase of containing occurs that booth is fallen the phenomenon of collapsing by plant and fruit.In addition, grasp bad if hang climing technology, often there will be along with stem stalk is thicker, bear fruit and increase, lifting rope is strangled in tomato stem stalk, affects the normal transport of nutrient and moisture, even strangles disconnected stem climing, affects plant normal development; Hang climing mode often to adopt and be fixed on lifting rope around climing method by plant, tomato belongs to herbaceous plant, the fragile frangibility of stem stalk, around the improper growing point that easily fractures of climing mode, has a strong impact on tomato plant and grows; Although hanging climing method can dense planting tomato, and carry out Long term cultivation, but tomato seedling when hanging climing mode is used just to need to bind lifting rope, according to the weather conditions of Yangtze River Delta Area period, influences of plant crown ventilation and penetrating light condition can be had a strong impact on, cause tomato seedling Quality Down; And tradition hangs the restriction that climing use is also subject to horticultural facility, could can only use in the booth with certain bearing capacity or greenhouse; Hanging climing tomato only has soft lifting rope to fix, and thus can not have and significantly rock, otherwise mutually collide between tomato plant, cause fruit drop; Hang climing facility because outdoor cropping is unsuitable, therefore hang the outdoor cropping that climing cultivating method is not suitable for tomato.
In addition, existing two kinds of methods are holder and boot up plant strain growth along stem, cannot change tomato Growth In Space attitude, limit the diversity that tomato plant controls by people for designing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving: hanging climing cultivation method at present can not be used for outdoor, and brings heavy burden can to booth and greenhouse; And bamboo pole built unsightly, service life is short, and can limit tomato and stay fruit to stay the problem of spike number amount.Provide the special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato, described cultivating stand comprises: top column, lower pole, cross-arm, U-shaped lock set, bearing diagonal, the spring that bears down on one, self threading pin, main drawing line, leg, moorstone, bracing wire, turnbuckle, long screw, bayonet socket, wherein, moorstone is built by cement and is formed, moorstone fixes lower pole and to imbed underground 1m dark, the lower pole on every ridge is in alignment, and according to the length determination lower pole quantity on tomato ridge, adjacent two column spacings are 5.5 ~ 6.5m; Bayonet socket is positioned at the lower end of top column, and top column uses self threading pin to fix, to form column entirety after being docked with lower pole by bayonet socket; The upper end of bearing diagonal is fixed with U-shaped lock set by long screw, and U-shaped lock set to be enclosed within the column of top and to be fixed by self threading pin, a heel brace ground of bearing diagonal; Cross-arm is fixed on the top column connected by the spring that bears down on one, and the Distance geometry quantity between cross-arm needs according to cultivation and determines; The two ends connecting stay wire respectively of every root cross-arm, the other end of bracing wire is connected on the cross-arm of adjacent top column same area, and the two ends of several 3rd cross-arm connect main drawing line respectively from bottom to top, and main drawing line turnbuckle is fixed; Described cross-arm can at 40-75cm telescopic.
Preferably, described cross-arm quantity is 6, and the distance between first three cross-arm remains on 35cm, and the distance between rear three cross-arms remains on 25cm.
Preferably, described cross-arm is formed by thickness two fastener for connection, thick steel pipe 40cm, fine steel tube 35cm, and cross-arm can at 40 ~ 75cm telescopic.
Preferably, between described adjacent two lower pole, spacing is 6m.
Preferably, described moorstone is built by cement and is formed, long 50cm, wide 80cm, thick 50cm.
Preferably, the angle of bearing diagonal and ground remain between 45 °-60 °, and weld at a right angle to the leg bottom bearing diagonal and bearing diagonal, leg is buried in the earth.
The invention also discloses a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, it comprise wholely, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand install, wherein cultivating stand install based on the special cultivating stand of tomato disclosed by the invention, concrete installation method is:
The seeding row spacing determined according to field planting plan before field planting installs cultivating stand; Lower pole adopts moorstone to be fixed on ground, and strengthens the fixing intensity of two end supports with bearing diagonal and bracing wire; The support lower pole be positioned on furrow face vertically inserts underground 1m, and installs top column by self threading pin; Distance between column and column is preferably set to 6m.
Adopt size row plantation tomato, little line-spacing is 25 ~ 35cm, and wide row space is 105 ~ 115cm; The seeding row spacing determined according to field planting plan before field planting installs cultivating stand; The lower pole at furrow two ends adopts moorstone to be fixed on ground, and strengthens the fixing intensity of two end supports with bearing diagonal and main drawing line; The support lower pole be positioned on furrow face vertically inserts underground 95 ~ 105cm, after installation lower pole, installs top column by self threading pin;
As the high 37 ~ 43cm of tomato plant stem, first cross-arm is installed, first cross-arm setting height(from bottom) distance ground 28 ~ 32cm, now first cross-arm is reduced to the shortest, length is 40cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire at first cross-arm two ends, the distance of 5cm respectively need be reserved at two ends, to ensure bracing wire not landing during binding bracing wire, be fixed in bracing wire by tomato plant stem, reach after 57 ~ 63cm until tomato plant stem height and install second cross-arm, second cross-arm length is identical with first, second cross-arm setting height(from bottom) distance ground 48 ~ 52cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire at second cross-arm two ends, now do not bundle stem, tomato plant stem is placed in outside bracing wire, second cross-arm is elevated to distance 63 ~ 67cm place, ground after tomato plant stem height reaches 77 ~ 83cm, then tomato plant stem is bundled in the bracing wire of second cross-arm, after tomato plant stem height reaches 97 ~ 103cm, install the 3rd cross-arm, the 3rd cross-arm length is identical with the first two cross-arm, the 3rd cross-arm setting height(from bottom) distance ground 83 ~ 87cm, and respectively pull on a main drawing line at the 3rd cross-arm two ends, tomato plant stem is placed in outside main drawing line, after tomato plant stem height reaches 117 ~ 123cm, the 3rd cross-arm is elevated to distance 98 ~ 102cm place, ground, then tomato plant stem is bundled on the main drawing line of the 3rd cross-arm, (now, Yangtze River Delta Area enters high temperature, canopy temperature is high, high humidity, disease occurs serious, for strengthening ventilation and penetrating light, should suitably increase little line-spacing, highly increase little line-spacing at this and can not affect the operation of workman field) simultaneously, 4th cross-arm is installed on distance ground 113 ~ 117cm At The Height, 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm two ends is stretched to 50cm, a bracing wire is respectively pulled at 4th cross-arm two ends, tomato plant stem is placed in inside bracing wire, after tomato plant stem height distance ground 137 ~ 143cm, 4th cross-arm is moved up and is fixed on distance ground 123 ~ 127cm At The Height, then bracing wire tomato plant stem being bundled in the 4th cross-arm (so operates, the little line-spacing of tomato increases 10cm, wide row space reduces 10cm, tomato plant canopy ventilation and penetrating light condition takes a turn for the better, do not affect again field operation), when tomato plant stem height is 147 ~ 153cm, install the 5th cross-arm, the 5th cross-arm length is elongated to 60cm, the 5th cross-arm is arranged on distance 138 ~ 142cm place, ground, and respectively pull on a bracing wire at the 5th cross-arm two ends, tomato plant stem is placed in inside bracing wire, grow into after distance ground 167 ~ 173cm until tomato plant stem height and the 5th cross-arm is elevated to distance 148 ~ 152cm place, ground, then tomato plant stem is bundled in the bracing wire of the 5th cross-arm, and the 6th cross-arm is installed, 6th cross-arm is arranged on distance 163 ~ 167cm place, ground, 6th cross-arm is elongated to 70cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire at the 6th cross-arm two ends, tomato plant stem is placed in inside bracing wire, 6th cross-arm is elevated to distance 173 ~ 177cm place, ground after tomato plant stem height reaches 187 ~ 193cm, and tomato plant stem is bundled in the bracing wire of the 6th cross-arm, treat that tomato plant stem height reaches 197 ~ 203cm, pinch (now, tomato first fringe fruit starts maturation, and not only ornamental value is high for two rows tomatoes one-tenth " inverse Ba type " of field planting on furrow, and disease reduces, output increases), control plant height at about 200cm.
Concrete, described wholely: select physical features higher not easily water logging, soil condition meet tomato cultivation requirement plot cultivated tomato, in the ratio of furrow face width 60cm, ditch (also can be used as mechanically actuated aisle) wide 80cm and furrow height 40cm whole go out cultivating bed and ditch;
Concrete, described plantation density: every furrow field planting two row tomato seedling, size line-spacing is respectively 110cm and 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 30cm, every mu of field planting about 4040 strain;
Concrete, described field planting management: lay spray irrigation band at little interline after field planting, adopts water-fertilizer integral management; Upper berth, irrigate band black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1, cultivated tomato under different planting environment is applicable to.
2, tomato plant plant type is attractive in appearance.
3, increase stays fruit to stay spike number amount.
4, service life is long.
5, device is light, detachable.
6, cross-arm height and quantity can be adjusted on request, control to stay fruit stay spike number amount or adapt to different cultivation condition.
7, castatopsis fissa cultivation is introduced in tomato cultivation.
8, line-spacing can be regulated according to planting environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
The overall structure figure of Fig. 1 tomato cultivation posture of the present invention
The effect schematic diagram of Fig. 2 tomato cultivation posture of the present invention bevel support member
Fig. 3 tomato cultivation posture of the present invention top column and lower pole bayonet socket schematic diagram
Fig. 4 tomato cultivation mode of the present invention final effect figure
Reference numeral illustrates: 1. top column, 2. lower pole, 3. cross-arm, and 4.U jacket is locked, 5. bearing diagonal, and 6. bear down on one spring, 7. self threading pin, 8. main drawing line, 9. leg, 10. moorstone, 11. bracing wires, 12. turnbuckles, 13. long screws, 14. bayonet sockets, 15. cultivating beds, 16. tomato stems, 17. columns are overall.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:
In composition graphs 1, the uprights of the special cultivating stand of tomato of the present invention is divided and is comprised top column (1) and lower pole (2), preferably, all adopts the coating steel pipe of 32mm diameter; Top column (1) and lower pole (2) length are preferably 150cm, there is bayonet socket (14) top column (1) lower end, lower pole (2) can be inserted, self threading pin (7) is used to be fixed by upper and lower two parts column again, its effect is the total weight supporting tomato plant (16) and fruit, and makes tomato plant (16) vertical growth; Preferably, moorstone (10) builds the cement block of growth 50cm, wide 80cm, thick 50cm by cement, the lower pole at two ends (2) is only had to adopt cement to build, because two ends column discontinuity, tomato plant (16) can by its stretch bending, and only use bearing diagonal (5) that the effect of anticipation can not be played, also need to adopt cement to build and make two ends column more firm, other columns are then lower pole (2) pounded with hammer to be about 1m deeply into ground.Preferably, cross-arm (3) adopts the making nested with the coating steel pipe of 20mm diameter of 25mm diameter, length can adjust as required, adjusting range is 35cm-70cm, the use spring (6) that bears down on one is fixed on top column (1), its effect is fixing main drawing line (8) and bracing wire (11), and freely can control the distance between bracing wire; Bearing diagonal (5) is connected with U-shaped lock set (4) by long screw (13), and its effect gives column a reciprocal power, prevents column by stretch bending; Leg (9) is welded in the bottom of bearing diagonal (5), for increasing lifting surface area, prevents bearing diagonal because of stressed excessive and skid; Main drawing line (8) is as material by 1.8mm steel wire, turnbuckle (12) is used to be connected to cross-arm (3) two, the effect of main drawing line (2) increases bracing wire (11) intensity, prevent tomato plant (16) and fruit from too heavily breaking preferably by bracing wire (11), main drawing line (8) is set to 2 ~ 3; Turnbuckle (12) is then play the effect of being strained by main drawing line; Bracing wire (11) adopts the cotton cord of 8mm diameter or the synthetic fiber rope of 3mm diameter, and Main Function is fixing tomato plant (16), makes its vertical growth;
The special cultivating stand of tomato is built up on the center line on tomato cultivation ridge, and set up a cultivating stand every 5m, it buries underground with installation method as follows:
1, lower pole (2).The length of lower pole (2) is 150cm, diameter is the coating steel pipe of 32mm, first the hole of a long 50cm, wide 80cm, dark 50cm is dug at the two ends on ridge, the lower pole (8) of having built moorstone (10) is imbedded in hole, compacting is covered with earth, install a lower pole (2) at interval of 5m in the middle of the column of two ends again, installation method with hammer lower pole (2) is vertically pounded that to be about 1m into underground dark.
2, top column (1).Top column adopts length to be 150cm, diameter is the coating steel pipe of 32mm, with machine in steel pipe one end compacting bayonet socket (14), after arranging lower pole, (2) install top column, the bayonet socket (14) of top column lower end is inserted lower pole upper end, then install self threading pin (7) in bayonet socket position, lower pole and top column are fixed together, whole column bassets high 2m.Be sleeve pipe between top column and lower pole port, fix upper and lower column by sleeve pipe connection and self-tapping screw.
3, bearing diagonal (5).U-shaped lock set (4) is fixed on bearing diagonal upper rear set with long screw to be entered on already installed column, the angle of bearing diagonal and ground remain between 45 °-60 °, bearing diagonal bottom supports (9) is welded with bearing diagonal is at a right angle, leg is buried in the earth, prevents from tripping staff while increasing steadiness.
4, cross-arm (3).Cross-arm minimum length is 40cm, maximum length is 80cm, be 20mm by two diameters, length is two that the coating steel pipe of 20cm is socketed in that diameter is 25mm, length is the coating steel pipe of 40cm, cross-arm (3) is vertical with top column (1) to be put, cross-arm (3) middle part contacts with top column (1), use 1-2 the spring (6) that bears down on one to be fixed on top column (1) by cross-arm (3), cross-arm (3) spacing and quantity can be determined according to specific needs.
5, main drawing line (8).Main drawing line adopts the steel wire of 1.8mm, be arranged on the middle part of column, a turnbuckle (12) is respectively bound at its two ends after a cross-arm (3) is respectively installed in column middle and lower part and middle and upper part, the other end of turnbuckle (12) fixes one end of main drawing line (8), the turnbuckle (12) that the other end of main drawing line (8) is fixing with same area cross-arm (3) two ends on another root post is connected, and finally uses turnbuckle (12) to be strained by main drawing line (8).
6, bracing wire (11).Bracing wire adopts the cotton cord of 8mm diameter or the synthetic fiber rope of 3mm diameter, one end of two bracing wires (11) is bundled in simultaneously the two ends of cross-arm (3), the other end of bracing wire (11) is bundled in the corresponding end of another root post same area cross-arm (3), tension bracing wire (11) binds again, makes bracing wire (11) parallel to the ground.
Illustrate with instantiation below: a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, wholely: select the higher not easily water logging of physical features, soil condition meet tomato cultivation requirement plot cultivated tomato, in the ratio of furrow face width 60cm and ditch (also can be used as mechanically actuated aisle) wide 80cm whole go out cultivating bed (15) and ditch.Plantation density: every furrow field planting two row tomato seedling, size line-spacing is respectively 110cm and 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 30cm, every mu of field planting about 4040 strain.Field planting management: lay spray irrigation band at little interline after field planting, adopts water-fertilizer integral management; Upper berth, irrigate band black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
Cultivating stand is installed along with tomato growth situation: adopt size row plantation tomato, little line-spacing is 30cm, and wide row space is 110cm; As tomato plant (16) stem height 40cm, first cross-arm (3) is installed, first cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 30cm, now first cross-arm (3) is reduced to the shortest, length is 40cm, and a bracing wire (11) (respectively need reserve the distance of 5cm during binding bracing wire (11) at two ends, to ensure bracing wire (11) not landing) is respectively pulled at first cross-arm (3) two ends.Tomato plant (16) stem is fixed in bracing wire (11), reach after 60cm until tomato plant (16) stem height and second cross-arm (3) is installed, second cross-arm (3) length is identical with first, two cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 50cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at second cross-arm (3) two ends, now do not bundle stem, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) outside, second cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 65cm place, ground after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 80cm, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of second cross-arm (3), after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 100cm, 3rd cross-arm (3) is installed, 3rd cross-arm (3) length is identical with the first two cross-arm (3), the 3rd cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 85cm, and respectively pull on a main drawing line (8) at the 3rd cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in main drawing line (8) outside, after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 120cm, 3rd cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 100cm place, ground, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled on the main drawing line (8) of the 3rd cross-arm (3), (now, Yangtze River Delta Area enters high temperature, canopy temperature is high, high humidity, disease occurs serious, for strengthening ventilation and penetrating light, because suitably increasing little line-spacing, highly increase little line-spacing at this and can not affect the operation of workman field) simultaneously, 4th cross-arm (3) is installed on distance ground 115cm At The Height, 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) two ends is stretched to 50cm, a bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at 4th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, after tomato plant (16) stem height distance ground 140cm, 4th cross-arm (3) is moved up and is fixed on distance ground 125cm At The Height, then the bracing wire (11) tomato plant (16) stem being bundled in the 4th cross-arm (3) above (so operates, the little line-spacing of tomato increases 10cm, wide row space reduces 10cm, tomato plant (16) canopy ventilation and penetrating light condition takes a turn for the better, do not affect again field operation), when tomato plant (16) stem height is 150cm, 5th cross-arm (3) is installed, 5th cross-arm (3) length is elongated to 60cm, 5th cross-arm (3) is arranged on distance 140cm place, ground, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at the 5th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, grow into after distance ground 170cm until tomato plant (16) stem height and the 5th cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 150cm place, ground, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 5th cross-arm (3), and the 6th cross-arm is installed, 6th cross-arm (3) is arranged on distance 165cm place, ground, 6th cross-arm (3) is elongated to 70cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at the 6th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, 6th cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 175cm place, ground after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 190cm, and tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 6th cross-arm (3), treat that tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 200cm, pinch (now, tomato first fringe fruit starts maturation, not only ornamental value is high for two rows tomatoes one-tenth " inverse Ba type " of field planting on furrow, and disease reduces, output increases).
The invention described above cultivating stand and tradition is adopted to hang the large fruit tomato of climing cultivation and cherry and tomato, each seasonal cultivation output (kg/667m
2) see the following form:
| Kind/planting type | Large fruit tomato (in grind 988) | Cherry and tomato (mousse is special) |
| Cultivating stand | 8908±208.83kg/667m 2* | 5838.16±120.36kg/667m 2 |
| Hang climing | 8207±118.47kg/667m 2 | 6172.37±70.28kg/667m 2 |
Note: * represents that there were significant differences in 0.05 level, and * * represents there is pole significant difference in 0.01 level.Use cultivating stand that large fruit tomato yield is improved as can be seen from the table, reach the significance level of difference; Although use cultivating stand cultivation cherry and tomato average productivity to hang climing process lower than use, it is not remarkable to produce difference under two kinds of planting types.
Adopt the invention described above cultivating stand and tradition to hang the large fruit tomato of climing cultivation and cherry and tomato, its fruit quality sees the following form:
Note: * represents that there were significant differences in 0.05 level, and * * represents there is pole significant difference in 0.01 level.Use cultivating stand that large fruit tomato and cherry and tomato soluble sugar content are improved as can be seen from the table, the soluble sugar content of especially large fruit tomato (in grind 988) significantly improves.
Specific embodiment described herein is only illustrate spirit of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (8)
1. the special cultivating stand of tomato, it is characterized in that: described cultivating stand comprises: top column (1), lower pole (2), cross-arm (3), U-shaped lock set (4), bearing diagonal (5), bear down on one spring (6), self threading pin (7), main drawing line (8), leg (9), moorstone (10), bracing wire (11), turnbuckle (12), long screw (13), bayonet socket (14), wherein, moorstone (10) is built by cement and is formed, the fixing lower pole (2) of moorstone (10) to imbed underground 0.8 ~ 1.2m dark, the lower pole (2) on every ridge is in alignment, according to length determination lower pole (2) quantity on tomato ridge, adjacent two lower pole (2) spacings are 5.5 ~ 6.5m, bayonet socket (14) is positioned at the lower end of top column (1), top column (1) uses self threading pin (7) to fix, to form column entirety (17) after being docked with lower pole (2) by bayonet socket (14), U-shaped lock set (4) be enclosed within top column (1) go up and pass through self threading pin (7) fix, long screw (13) is used to be fixed in U-shaped lock set (4) by bearing diagonal (5) again, leg (9) the support ground of bearing diagonal (5), cross-arm (3) is fixed on the column connected by the spring that bears down on one (6), and the Distance geometry quantity between cross-arm (3) needs according to cultivation and determines, the two ends connecting stay wire (11) respectively of every root cross-arm (3), the other end of bracing wire (11) is connected on the cross-arm (3) of adjacent top column (1) same area, the two ends of several 3rd cross-arm (3) connect main drawing line (8) respectively from the bottom up, and main drawing line (8) turnbuckle (12) is fixed, described cross-arm (3) can at 40-75cm telescopic.
2. the special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the spacing between described adjacent two lower pole (2) is 6m.
3. the special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described moorstone (10) is built by cement and formed, long 50cm, wide 80cm, thick 50cm.
4. the special cultivating stand of a kind of tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle of bearing diagonal (5) and ground remain between 45 °-60 °, welded with bearing diagonal (5) is at a right angle by the leg (9) of bearing diagonal (5) bottom, leg (9) is buried in the earth.
5. a cultivation method of tomatoes, it is characterized in that it comprises wholely, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand are installed, wherein cultivating stand is installed based on the special cultivating stand of tomato according to claim 1, and concrete installation method is:
The seeding row spacing determined according to field planting plan before field planting installs cultivating stand; Lower pole (2) adopts moorstone (10) to be fixed on ground, and strengthens the fixing intensity of two end supports with bearing diagonal (5) and main drawing line (8); The support lower pole (2) be positioned on furrow face is vertically inserted underground 95 ~ 105cm, and is installed top column by self threading pin (7);
As the high 37 ~ 43cm of tomato plant (16) stem, first cross-arm (3) is installed, first cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 28 ~ 32cm, now first cross-arm (3) is reduced to the shortest, length is 40cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at first cross-arm (3) two ends, the distance of 5cm respectively need be reserved at two ends, to ensure bracing wire not landing during binding bracing wire, tomato plant (16) stem is fixed in bracing wire (11), reach after 57 ~ 63cm until tomato plant (16) stem height and second cross-arm (3) is installed, second cross-arm (3) length is identical with first, second cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 48 ~ 52cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at second cross-arm (3) two ends, now do not bundle stem, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) outside, second cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 63 ~ 67cm place, ground after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 77 ~ 83cm, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of second cross-arm (3), after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 97 ~ 103cm, 3rd cross-arm (3) is installed, 3rd cross-arm (3) length is identical with the first two cross-arm (3), the 3rd cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground 83 ~ 87cm, and respectively pull on a main drawing line (8) at the 3rd cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in main drawing line (8) outside, after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 117 ~ 123cm, 3rd cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 98 ~ 102cm place, ground, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled on the main drawing line (8) of the 3rd cross-arm (3), simultaneously, 4th cross-arm (3) is installed on distance ground 113 ~ 117cm At The Height, 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) two ends is to 50cm, a bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at 4th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, after tomato plant (16) stem height distance ground 137 ~ 143cm, 4th cross-arm (3) will be moved and be fixed on distance ground 123 ~ 127cm At The Height, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 4th cross-arm (3), when tomato plant (16) stem height is 147 ~ 153cm, 5th cross-arm (3) is installed, 5th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) two ends is to 60cm, 5th cross-arm (3) is arranged on distance 138 ~ 142cm place, ground, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at the 5th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, grow into after distance ground 167 ~ 173cm until tomato plant (16) stem height and the 5th cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 148 ~ 152cm place, ground, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 5th cross-arm (3), and the 6th cross-arm is installed, 6th cross-arm (3) is arranged on distance 163 ~ 167cm place, ground, by the 6th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) two ends to 70cm, and respectively pull on a bracing wire (11) at the 6th cross-arm (3) two ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side, 6th cross-arm (3) is elevated to distance 173 ~ 177cm place, ground after tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 187 ~ 193cm, and tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 6th cross-arm (3), treat that tomato plant (16) stem height reaches 197 ~ 203cm, pinch.
6. a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described wholely: select physical features higher not easily water logging, soil condition meet tomato cultivation requirement plot cultivated tomato, in the ratio of furrow face width 60cm, furrow width 80cm and furrow height 40cm whole go out cultivating bed (15) and ditch.
7. a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 4, is characterized in that described plantation density: every furrow field planting two row tomato, size line-spacing is respectively 110cm and 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 30cm, every mu of field planting about 4040 strain.
8. a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 4, is characterized in that described field planting management: lay spray irrigation band at little interline after field planting, adopts water-fertilizer integral management; Upper berth, irrigate band black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
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| CN109362520A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-22 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Subprostrate sophora seed high yield built cultural method |
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