CN105189089A - 用于包装宠物食品的制造方法 - Google Patents

用于包装宠物食品的制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105189089A
CN105189089A CN201480013522.3A CN201480013522A CN105189089A CN 105189089 A CN105189089 A CN 105189089A CN 201480013522 A CN201480013522 A CN 201480013522A CN 105189089 A CN105189089 A CN 105189089A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
lining
sealing
heating rod
pet food
hot pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201480013522.3A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
R·R·麦吉
A·J·鲁特
J·W·奥比舒恩
N·A·迪布拉西
S·C·凯克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mars Inc
Original Assignee
Iams Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=50434300&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN105189089(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Iams Co filed Critical Iams Co
Publication of CN105189089A publication Critical patent/CN105189089A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B65B51/146—Closing bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B29C66/91423—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools using joining tools having different temperature zones or using several joining tools with different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/06—Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B29C66/3492—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot by means placed on the side opposed to the welding tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81419—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled and flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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Abstract

一种密封宠物食品袋的方法，其中的密封部比常规袋更抵抗空气交换，由此保护易于氧化的营养成分。

Description

用于包装宠物食品的制造方法
发明领域
本发明涉及密封宠物食品袋的方法。
发明背景
适用于容纳狗粮或猫粮的袋是已知的。通常这些袋沿袋的一侧具有至少一个密封部，其允许一些空气交换从而适应在运输(例如穿越山脉)时发生的大气压力变化。然而近期，许多狗粮和猫粮含有对氧化敏感的营养物(例如一些益生菌)。通常允许袋内部与袋外部的自由空气交换的密封部会不期望地提高营养物的氧化降解速率。
有必要在特别是容纳具有空气敏感成分的宠物食品的宠物食品袋中，提供一种比常规密封部更抵抗空气气流的密封部。还有必要提供适用于高速制造过程的密封方法，其提供商业上可接受的公差并具有成本效益。
其它问题可由具有高度空气交换完整性的那些密封部造成。袋内的一定量空气对优化运输是必要的。过小气压和内容物如粗粒形状的宠物食品将无法流动，内容物将无法均匀地分布在袋中，并且其将无法平放。这在堆叠袋方面产生问题。然而，袋内部的过大的气压导致容易破裂。因此，需要以特定量的气压或容纳的空气体积来密封袋。
高密封完整性的袋的又一问题在于在运输(例如穿越高海拔山脉)期间施加的压力。需要在最小化空气交换的同时适应这些压力变化(例如排气)，但又需要以具有成本效益的方式进行。
最后，密封部必须足够牢固，以抵抗与狗粮或猫粮相关的相对较大重量有关的应力。
发明内容
本发明试图解决这些问题中的一个或多个。本发明的第一方面提供了一种将宠物食品袋的第一衬层(substrate)与第二衬层密封在一起的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：使在第一位置处的所述第一衬层的外表面与第一加热棒接触，和使在第二位置处的所述第二衬层的外表面与第一非加热棒接触，以在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间形成第一密封部。所述第一位置和所述第二位置是相对的。在优选的实施方式中，使用相似方法(在与第一密封部紧密靠近处)形成第二密封部。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种宠物食品产品，其包括容纳在宠物食品袋内的30lb至55lb的宠物食品。所述宠物食品包含易氧化降解的成分。所述宠物食品袋至少由第一衬层和第二衬层构成。所述袋配置成容纳27升至80升的体积。所述袋容纳有1.5升至3.5升的裹入空气(entrappedair)。所述袋具有第一密封部和第二密封部，以将所述宠物食品和裹入空气密封在所述袋内。这些密封部相互紧密靠近，并共同提供相对高度的空气交换完整性。所述袋具有至少一个角(corner)，其由所述第一衬层或所述第二衬层构成。在所述至少一个角上设有至少一个角狭缝(cornerslit)。所述角狭缝配置为在某种环境条件或应力下在大气与容纳于所述密封宠物食品袋中的空气之间交换空气。
附图简要说明
图1为本发明的制造改良密封部的方法的横向剖视图。
具体实施方式
本申请要求于2013年3月13日提交的序列号为61/778，459的美国临时专利申请的权益，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
宠物食品袋是由衬层、优选多重衬层组成。在制造过程期间，在这些袋中所容纳的宠物食品在被放入袋后需要被密封在袋内。本发明的第一方面涉及一种在形成宠物食品袋的第一衬层和第二衬层之间提供第一密封部的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤：使在第一位置处的第一衬层的外表面与第一加热棒接触，和使在第二位置处的第二衬层的外表面与第一非加热棒接触，以在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间形成第一密封部，其中所述第一位置和所述第二位置是相对的。
所述方法还提供了在临近所述第一密封部处形成第二密封部。与所述第一密封部相似，所述方法包括以下步骤：使在第三位置处的第一衬层的外表面与第二非加热棒接触；和使在第四位置处的第二衬层的外表面与第二加热棒接触，以在所述第三位置和所述第四位置之间形成第二密封部，其中所述第三位置和所述第四位置是相对的。
在不希望被理论束缚的情况下，与使用两个相对的加热棒相比，在提供衬层之间的密封部方面，在加热棒和非加热棒之间的相对的界面提供更优异的结果。
在备选的次优选的实施方式中，所述方法包括形成所述第二密封部的步骤，其中所述第一加热棒和所述第二加热棒接触同一衬层的外表面。
加热棒
本发明的加热棒包括导热材料。通常使用金属。在一个实施方式中，所述加热棒是由密封在不锈钢内的镍铬铁合金(例如重量比为80％的镍和20％的铬)组成，其被铣削成所需的加热棒形状。
通过常规方式将所述加热棒加热，以达到所需温度。例如，所述加热棒(或至少热导材料部分)可以与加热元件热连通(thermalcommunication)。在配置成接触衬层外表面的加热棒的表面处所测定的温度是200°F至600°F，优选300°F至500°F，更优选350°F至450°F，还更优选375°F至425°F，备选地390°F至415°F，或395°F至415°F，或400°F至410°F，或405°F至410°F，或400°F至405°F，备选地其组合。所述第一加热棒的温度与所述第二加热棒的温度相比可以是相同或不同的。在另一实施方式中，第三或第四或更多的加热棒可用于提供第三或第四或更多的密封部。这些第三或第四或更多的加热棒彼此可具有相同或不同的温度。
在一个实施方式中，所述加热棒具有整体为梯形的形状。在另一实施方式中，所述加热棒的配置成与待被密封的衬层接触的部分优选是平整的，更优选是平整且光滑的。所述加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分可具有矩形形状。所述加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分的宽度可以是不超过1.0英寸，备选地0.001英寸至0.5英寸，优选0.05英寸至0.2英寸，备选地0.08英寸至0.2英寸，备选地约0.125英寸，备选地其组合。所述加热棒的长度、至少所述加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分的长度可以是5英寸至25英寸，备选地10英寸至20英寸，备选地12英寸至18英寸，备选地18英寸至24英寸，备选地约14.5英寸，备选地约22英寸，备选地其组合。对于具有两个或多个加热棒的那些实施方式，这些尺寸可以是相同或不同的。
非加热棒
本发明的一个方面提供了一个或多个非加热棒。所述非加热棒可由任意材料制成，但优选包括弹性材料。优选地，所述非加热棒包含配置成接触衬层外表面的弹性材料。所述弹性材料优选地包含乙烯丙烯二烃单体(ethylenepropylenedienemonomer，EPDM)。所述非加热棒可完全由弹性材料制成，或简单地用这种材料涂覆或与其连接；或者至少所述非加热棒的配置成接触所述衬层表面的部分由弹性材料制成，或简单地用这种材料涂覆或与其连接。所述非加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分优选是平整的，更优选是平整且光滑的。所述非加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分可具有矩形形状。所述非加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分的宽度可以是不超过1英寸，备选地0.001英寸至0.5英寸，优选0.05英寸至0.2英寸，备选地0.08英寸至0.2英寸，备选地约0.125英寸，备选地其组合。所述非加热棒的长度、至少所述非加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的部分的长度可以是5英寸至25英寸，备选地10英寸至20英寸，备选地12英寸至18英寸，备选地18英寸至24英寸，备选地14.5英寸，备选地22英寸，备选地其组合。对于配置用于制备其它密封部的其它非加热棒，所述尺寸可以是相同的或不同的。所述加热棒的与所述非加热棒相对的部分可以与所述非加热棒的部分相同或不同。
在一个实施方式中，所述非加热棒包含EPDM，并被挤出以形成所需形状。所述非加热棒包括不锈钢，该不锈钢被铣削以接收成形的EPDM。楔形榫头(dovetail)可用于组合成形的EPDM和所述非加热棒的不锈钢部分。是EDPM部分被配置成与所述衬层的外表面接触。
所述非加热棒的配置成与所述衬层接触的表面的温度为低于200°F，优选低于150°F，备选地低于125°F，备选地约是室温，备选地0℃至低于200°F，备选地32°F至175°F，备选地其组合。在另一实施方式中，所述非加热棒不与加热元件热连通。在又一实施方式中，所述非加热棒的任何高于室温的温度可归因于制造过程(及其条件)，而不是例如来自于与非加热棒热连通的加热元件。在又一实施方式中，所述非加热棒与冷却元件(例如制冷盘管等)热连通。
所述非加热棒或至少是其配置成与所述衬层接触的部分的尺寸与相对的加热棒的尺寸相同或相近，反之亦然。
在一个实施方式中，所述第一密封部和所述第二密封部在彼此相距0.5英寸以内形成。优选地，该距离在0.4英寸以内，或在0.3英寸以内，或在0.25英寸以内，备选地该距离为0.1英寸至0.4英寸，或0.2英寸至0.3英寸，或其组合。在所述第二密封部和所述第三密封部之间，以及在所述第三密封部和所述第四密封部之间也可形成相近的距离。
压力
本发明的另一方面提供了在加热棒与相对的非加热棒(和其间的衬层)之间待施加以形成密封部的压力。在所述加热棒和所述非加热棒之间施加的压力可以是由活塞驱动的。对每个棒可以使用一个、两个、三个或更多的活塞，优选气动驱动活塞，以移动所述棒和/或施加压力。优选地，所述相对的棒中的每个沿着同一线性平面移动。所施加的压力为30磅每平方英寸(psi)至140psi，优选40至130psi，更优选50psi至120psi，备选地60psi至110psi，备选地70psi至100psi，备选地80psi至90psi，备选地其组合。在那些实施方式中，在使用两组或多组相对的加热棒和非加热棒的情况下，在这些不同的组之间的所述压力可以相同或不同。
在一个实施方式中，密封持续时间是形成根据本发明的密封部所花费的时间。第一密封持续时间涉及形成第一密封部所花费的时间。第二密封持续时间涉及形成所述第二密封部所花费的时间。额外的密封持续时间(即第三、第四密封持续时间等)被提供用于额外的密封部(即分别是第三、第四密封部等)。通过在相对的加热棒或非加热棒首次接触待被密封的衬层的外表面时开始计时、并在密封部已制备后在所述相对的加热棒或非加热棒中较晚者完成与各衬层的外表面接触时停止计时来测定所述密封持续时间。在一个实施方式中，所述密封持续时间是0.5秒至10秒，优选1秒至4秒，更优选1秒至3秒，备选地2秒至3秒，备选地1.7秒至2.5秒，备选地其组合。
用宠物食品填充袋
本发明的一个实施方式提供了用宠物食品填充开口的宠物食品袋的步骤，所述步骤优选在密封封闭袋的步骤之前进行(其中根据本发明形成所述密封部)。在该优选的实施方式中，所述袋在三个侧面上被密封，以留下最后的第四侧面开口用于填充。开口袋所填充的所述宠物食品重量为10磅(lb)至100lb，备选地30lb至55lb，备选地40lb至50lb，备选地40lb至45lb，备选地其组合。
宠物食品袋可被配置成所容纳的最大体积为20升(l)至90l，优选20l至80l，备选地30l至70l，备选地40l至60l，备选地40l至65l，备选地47l至60l，备选地其组合。
在一个非限定性实例中，所述宠物食品可以用于猫或狗。宠物食品可以是粗粒的形式(然而当然也可以使用其它形式)。宠物食品可包含对氧化敏感的成分(例如益生菌)。宠物食品通常描述于专利号为5，616，569、6，039，952、6，133，323、5，851，573、5，932，258的美国专利中。
裹入空气
本发明的一个实施方式提供了密封封闭有适量的裹入空气的宠物食品袋的步骤，从而使得在密封袋内容纳的裹入空气为0.5l至5l，优选1l至3l的体积，备选地1l至2l，备选地其组合。空气体积是在标准温度和大气压(即1个大气压和77°F)下测定的。可在密封前在常规方式下将空气导入所述袋中。
另一实施方式还提供了对所述袋的一个或多个角进行割缝加工以形成角狭缝。本发明的宠物食品袋由衬层构成。所述衬层能够形成宠物食品袋的一个或多个角。由于本发明的密封部的相对高度的完整性，在显著的环境应力或条件(例如穿越山脉)期间，在袋内部的空气和袋外部的空气之间需要进行空气交换。所述角狭缝的狭缝是指至少一部分优选跨过至少一个衬层的整个厚度的部分。
所述角狭缝的长度可以是4mm至12mm，优选6mm至10mm，备选地约8mm，备选地其组合。所述角狭缝的狭缝优选穿过衬层的所有层(即完整地穿过所述衬层)。所述角狭缝位于距离所述宠物食品袋的角的顶点的优选10mm以内，优选7mm以内，优选6mm以内，优选5mm以内，优选4mm以内，备选地3mm以内，备选地3mm或更小以内，备选地其组合。在另一实施方式中，提供了多于一个角狭缝。在这种实施方式中，优选地，所述角狭缝存在于所述袋的多于一个的角中，并且在不同衬层中。例如，如果第一衬层在第一角处具有第一角狭缝，则优选的是第二衬层在第二角处具有第二角狭缝。对所述衬层进行割缝加工以形成所述角狭缝可以是通过剃刀或刀片或其它类似的切割物进行。
衬层
本发明的第一和第二衬层是由适用于构成宠物食品袋的材料制成，其中优选对空气交换而言这些材料是不能渗透的。所述衬层可以是单层或多层的。在一个实施方式中，所述袋的衬层选自两层或四层。每一层可以是不同材料或相同材料。所述各层可包括纸、塑料、金属或其组合。衬层的厚度可以是100微米至250微米，备选地125微米至200微米，备选地155微米至177微米，备选地其组合。适用于制造宠物食品袋的衬层的非限定性实例可包括在专利号为3，291，374、3，346，173、3，370，773、3，415，440和3，784，085的美国专利中描述的那些实例。
本发明可以或不可以与粘合剂一同使用，以形成密封部。在使用粘合剂时，在密封部将要形成的位置处，将粘合剂放置在衬层的内表面上。在一个优选的实施方式中，在不使用粘合剂的情况下形成密封部。
实例
图1为示出根据本发明的对袋(1)进行密封的非限定性实例的横向剖视图。该图并未按比例绘制。第一衬层(3)和第二衬层(5)是开口袋(1)的相对侧面。尽管未示出，开口袋(1)包含宠物食品。通过使第一加热棒(11)与在第一位置(31)处的第一衬层(43)的外表面接触以及使第一非加热棒(21)与在第二位置(32)处的第二衬层(42)的外表面接触，在第一衬层(3)和第二衬层(5)之间形成第一密封部(7)，其中第一位置(31)和第二位置(32)彼此相对。进行另一步骤以形成第二密封部(10)。第二非加热棒(12)接触在第三位置(51)处的第一衬层(43)的外表面，且第二加热棒(22)接触在第四位置(52)处的第二衬层(42)的外表面，以形成第二密封部(10)。第三位置(51)和第四位置(52)彼此相对。该第二步骤可以与第一步骤同时或顺序进行。在第一加热棒(11)和第一非加热棒(21)(和在其间的第一和第二衬层(3、5))之间以及在第二非加热棒(12)和第二加热棒(22)(和其间的第一和第二衬层(3、5))之间施加约80psi至约90psi的压力。在形成密封部(7、10)的这些相对的组的棒(11、21和12、22)之间的第一和第二密封持续时间为约2秒。第一和第二加热棒(11、22)的温度各为400°F至405°F。第一和第二非加热棒(21、22)各自不与加热元件热连通。
本文公开的尺寸和值不应理解为严格限制于所引用的准确数值。反而，除非另有说明，每个这种尺寸意指所引用的值以及该值附近的功能等同的范围。例如，以“40mm”公开的尺寸意指“约40mm”。
包括任何交叉引用的或相关的专利或申请在内的每个本文所引用的文件的全部内容通过引用以其全部并入本文，除非明确地排除在外或另有限制。任何文件的引用并不是承认其相对于本文所公开或请求保护的任何发明而言是现有技术，或者承认其单独或与其它任何单个或多个参考文献任意组合时教导、建议或公开了这样的发明。此外，在本文件中术语的任何含义或定义与通过引用并入到文件中的相同术语的任何含义或定义有矛盾的情况下，应采用在本文件中指定给该术语的含义或定义。
尽管已示出并描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可进行各种其它变化和改进。因此，旨指在随附权利要求中涵盖本发明范围内的所有这种变化和改进。

Claims (20)

1.一种密封宠物食品袋的第一衬层和第二衬层的方法，其包括以下步骤：使在第一位置处的所述第一衬层的外表面与第一加热棒接触，和使在第二位置处的所述第二衬层的外表面与第一非加热棒接触，以在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间形成第一密封部，其中所述第一位置和所述第二位置是相对的。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括以下步骤：使在第三位置处的所述第一衬层的外表面与第二加热棒接触，和使在第四位置处的所述第二衬层的外表面与第二非加热棒接触，以在所述第三位置和所述第四位置之间形成第二密封部，其中所述第三位置和所述第四位置是相对的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其还包括以下步骤：使在第三位置处的所述第一衬层的外表面与第二非加热棒接触，和使在第四位置处的所述第二衬层的外表面与第二加热棒接触，以在所述第三位置和所述第四位置之间形成第二密封部，其中所述第三位置和所述第四位置是相对的。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其还包括将所述第一加热棒加热至350°F至460°F的温度的步骤，其中，所述温度是在配置成接触所述第一衬层的外表面的棒表面上测定的。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其还包括在所述第一加热棒和所述第一非加热棒(和其间的所述第一和第二衬层)之间施加50psi至120psi的压力的步骤。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述接触的步骤包括用于形成所述第一密封部的约1秒至约4秒的第一密封持续时间。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其还包括以下步骤：
(a)将所述第二加热棒加热至350°F至460°F的温度，其中，所述温度是在配置成接触所述第二衬层的外表面的棒表面上测定的；
(b)在所述第二加热棒和所述第二非加热棒(和其间的所述第一和第二衬层)之间施加50psi至120psi的压力；
(c)所述接触还包括用于形成所述第二密封部的约1秒至约4秒的第二密封持续时间。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其还包括在形成所述第一密封部和所述第二密封部之前用30lb至55lb的宠物食品填充所述宠物食品袋的步骤。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其还包括以下步骤：在形成所述第一密封部之前裹入容纳在所述宠物食品袋内的空气，使得裹入的空气为1至3升的体积(在1个大气压和77°F下测定)。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述宠物食品袋包括至少一个角，所述角至少包括各具有一定厚度的第一衬层或第二衬层，其中，所述至少一个角具有一顶点，并且所述方法还包括对所述宠物食品袋的所述至少一个角进行割缝加工的步骤，以提供距所述顶点10mm以内的角狭缝，并且其中，所述狭缝的至少一部分完全穿过所述第一衬层或所述第二衬层的厚度。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述第一衬层和所述第二衬层各为多重衬层，并且各具有100微米至225微米的厚度。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一非加热棒包括弹性材料，所述弹性材料配置用于接触所述第二衬层的外表面，并且其中，所述非加热棒不与加热元件热连通。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述第一非加热棒的弹性材料具有平的矩形形状。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一加热棒包括热导材料，所述热导材料配置成接触所述第一衬层的外表面。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述第一加热棒具有基本为梯形的形状，并包含钢，并且配置成接触所述衬层的外表面的所述热导材料还具有1/32英寸至1/2英寸的宽度。
16.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述第一加热棒包括热导材料，所述热导材料配置成接触所述第一衬层的外表面，并且其中，所述热导材料是金属。
17.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中：
(a)所述第一非加热棒与所述第二非加热棒各自不与加热元件热连通；
(b)所述第一加热棒与所述第二加热棒各自独立地包含钢，并且各配置成提供1/32英寸至1/2英寸宽的平整表面，以分别接触所述第一衬层和所述第二衬层的外表面。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，其还包括对所述宠物食品袋的至少一个角进行割缝加工的步骤，以提供角狭缝。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法，其还包括以下步骤：
(a)在形成所述第一密封部和形成所述第二密封部的步骤之前，用35lb至50lb的宠物食品填充所述宠物食品袋；
(b)在所述宠物食品袋中裹入空气，以容纳0.5至3升的空气体积(在1个大气压和77°F下测定)；
(c)在距所述第一密封部0.4英寸以内形成所述第二密封部。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其中，所述第一衬层和所述第二衬层各自是多重衬层，并且各具有100微米至225微米的厚度；并且其中，形成所述第一密封部和形成所述第二密封部的所述步骤各自分别以约1秒至约4秒的第一和第二密封持续时间进行。
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