CN105182647A - 阵列基板、液晶显示面板及驱动方法 - Google Patents
阵列基板、液晶显示面板及驱动方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阵列基板、液晶显示面板及驱动方法,该阵列基板包括多个像素单元,所述像素单元排布成具有行列形式的像素矩阵;多条数据线,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的内部,且每条数据线能够同时驱动沿列方向的多个像素单元,其中,与位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元分别位于所述像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上。该阵列基板不需要设置黑矩阵进行遮光,提高了像素单元的开口率,有利于提升画质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示领域,尤其涉及一种阵列基板、液晶显示面板及驱动方法。
背景技术
随着液晶显示技术的发展,对液晶显示器的画面品质提出了更高的要求。提高液晶显示器的亮度可以使显示的画面更加靓丽自然,是提升画面品质的重要内容。高亮度设计的主要措施包括增加背光源的亮度以及提高显示屏的透过率。增大像素单元的开口率可以有效提高显示屏的透过率。
像素单元的开口率指的是液晶显示器的像素单元的有效透光区域的面积占整个像素单元区域的面积的比例。由于在阵列基板上不同像素单元的像素电极之间设置有用于驱动开关元件的信号走线,且在信号走线与像素电极之间存在的间隙会产生漏光,因此需要在CF基板上设置黑矩阵进行遮光,而黑矩阵会严重影响像素单元的开口率。
目前,针对黑矩阵所进行的改进包括,将黑矩阵布置在阵列基板上的BMonarray技术以及使数据线的配线细线化。其中,将黑矩阵布置在阵列基板上可以在满足对盒要求的情况下减小黑矩阵的设计尺寸,但由于材料方面的限制导致该技术未获大范围普及。而配线细线化会导致数据写入能力不足以及面内DC恶化,进而引发亮度均一性恶化、画面闪烁、长期残像等多种不良影响。因此,针对黑矩阵所导致的像素单元的开口率的下降的问题还没有行之有效的解决方法。
综上,亟需针对黑矩阵进行改进以提高像素单元的开口率。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是需要针对黑矩阵进行改进以提高像素单元的开口率。
为了解决上述技术问题,本申请的实施例首先提供了一种阵列基板,包括:多个像素单元,所述像素单元排布成具有行列形式的像素矩阵;多条数据线,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的内部,且每条数据线能够同时驱动沿列方向的多个像素单元,其中,与位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元分别位于所述像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上。
优选地,以设置于阵列基板上的公共电极层遮挡所述多个像素单元之间的间隙以防止漏光。
优选地,数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的中心位置。
优选地,位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m与n均为正整数。
优选地,位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n-1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。
优选地,位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元、第2m行的第n-1个像素单元、第2m+1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m+2行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种液晶显示面板,包括阵列基板,所述阵列基板包括:多个像素单元,所述像素单元排布成具有行列形式的像素矩阵;多条数据线,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的内部,且每条数据线能够同时驱动沿列方向的多个像素单元,其中,与位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元分别位于所述像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上。
另一方面,还提供了一种液晶显示面板的驱动方法,包括:在同一帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动任意相邻的两列像素单元;在任意连续的两帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动同一列像素单元。
优选地,在显示一帧画面时,以正极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的奇数列,以负极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的偶数列;在显示该帧画面的下一帧画面时,以负极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的奇数列,以正极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的偶数列。
优选地,正极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压高于公共电极的电压的信号,负极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压低于公共电极的电压的信号。
与现有技术相比,上述方案中的一个或多个实施例可以具有如下优点或有益效果:
通过将数据线设置于像素单元的内部区域,进而不需要设置黑矩阵进行遮光,提高了像素单元的开口率,有利于提升画质。
本发明的其他优点、目标,和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述,并且在某种程度上,基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的,或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书,权利要求书,以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请的技术方案或现有技术的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分。其中,表达本申请实施例的附图与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案,但并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1为现有技术中阵列基板上的像素单元的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例的阵列基板的结构示意图;
图3(a)-(b)为本申请实施例的数据线与像素单元的连接示意图;
图4为像素电极上的电压的极性分布示意图;
图5为垂直串扰产生的原理示意图;
图6(a)-(b)为显示特殊画面时像素单元上所加灰阶电压的示意图,其中图6(a)为现有技术中像素单元上所加灰阶电压的示意图,图6(b)为本申请实施例的像素单元上所加灰阶电压的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图及实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题,并达成相应技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。本申请实施例以及实施例中的各个特征,在不相冲突前提下可以相互结合,所形成的技术方案均在本发明的保护范围之内。
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式,用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语,例如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。
图1为现有技术中阵列基板上的像素单元的结构示意图,图中11为数据线,12为扫描线,13为像素电极,虚线框所包围的区域14为开关元件。其中,数据线11与开关元件14的源极和漏极位于同一层上。开关元件14的源极与像素电极13电连接,可以为像素电极13提供灰阶电压信号。开关元件14的栅极与扫描线12位于同一层上且相互连接,扫描线12为开关元件14提供控制信号使其开启与关闭。如图所示,现有技术中的数据线12会相互平行地设置于每个像素单元的边界处。另外,在图1中未示出的是,当将上述结构的像素单元以矩阵的形式排布在阵列基板上之后,一条数据线11可以用于驱动像素矩阵的一整列的像素单元。
从图1中还可以看出,当数据线11设置于相邻的像素电极13之间时,为保证数据线11上的信号与像素电极13上的信号互不影响,需要使数据线11与像素电极13之间保持有一定的间隙d1。因此,在设置黑矩阵时,为防止数据线11与像素电极13之间的间隙漏光,需要使黑矩阵的边的宽度至少等于2*d1+d2,其中d2为数据线11的走线宽度,如图1所示,这样才能使黑矩阵能够完全覆盖住两个相邻的像素电极13之间的间隙。而另一方面,黑矩阵一般是设置在CF基板上的,考虑到CF基板和阵列基板在成盒制程中需要满足一定的对位精度,因此需要使黑矩阵的边的宽度在前述2*d1+d2的基础上再留有一定的宽度余量,以保证黑矩阵在CF基板与阵列基板贴合后仍然能够可靠地遮光。特别是对于大尺寸高解析度的面板,其上下基板的相对位移(shift)较大,因此需要较宽的黑色矩阵进行遮光,进而严重降低像素单元的开口率。针对上述问题,在本申请实施例中,提出一种不需要设置黑矩阵进行遮光的阵列基板的结构。
图2为本申请实施例的阵列基板的结构示意图,图中矩形虚线框所围成的区域20为一个像素单元。其中,21为数据线,23为像素电极,22为一层金属层,在该层金属层上具体图案化有开关元件的栅极、电连接于栅极的扫描线以及设置于阵列基板上的COM公共电极层,上述结构均未在图2中示出,但这并不影响本申请实施例中的方案,且上述结构的形式并不对本申请实施例的方案构成限定。
如图2所示,数据线21不再位于像素单元20的边界处,而是沿像素矩阵的列的方向贯穿像素单元20的内部,设置在像素电极23的下方。同时,利用COM公共电极层对相邻的两个像素单元20之间的间隙进行遮挡,进而无需在CF基板上设置黑矩阵。其中,将数据线21优选设置于贯穿像素单元20的中心位置处(如图2所示),这样可以使得数据线21距位于像素单元20两侧边界处的由COM公共电极层形成的遮挡布线的距离相等,保证液晶显示的均衡。
将数据线21移入像素单元20的内部之后,相邻的两个像素单元20之间的间隙将减小,有利于减小遮光结构的尺寸。且由于利用同样设置于阵列基板上的COM公共电极层进行遮光,所以不存在对位精度的问题,因此在考虑遮光结构的宽度的预留余量时,能够采用更小的余量。也就是说像素单元20中保有的有效的透光区域增大,像素单元的开口率得以提高。
进一步如图2所示,当数据线21设置在像素电极23的下方时,数据线21与像素电极23的正对的面积增大,两者之间的寄生电容的电容耦合作用增大,进而在显示特殊画面(例如灰底白框)时,会产生比较严重的垂直串扰,影响液晶显示的效果。为了解决这个问题,在本申请的实施例中,将与每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元交错排列,即使两个像素单元分别位于像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上,同时配合不同的驱动方式来消除垂直串扰。
具体的,在图2中,第n条数据线依次电连接于像素矩阵的第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n-1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。也就是说,当像素矩阵具有M行时,第n条数据线依次电连接于像素矩阵的第1行的第n个像素单元,第2行的第n-1个像素单元,第3行的第n个像素单元,第4行的第n-1个像素单元,……,第M行的第n个像素单元(当M为奇数时)或第M行的第n-1个像素单元(当M为偶数时)。
进一步地,位于像素矩阵的边界处的数据线设置在所有数据线的最外侧,在本实施例中,所有数据线平行设置且沿列方向延伸,则位于像素矩阵的边界处的数据线对应指示像素矩阵中位于最左端的数据线和最右端的数据线,在这两根数据线之间的多条数据线被定义为位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线。在本发明中,位于像素矩阵的边界处的数据线仅与其自身所在列及其内侧的相邻列上的未与其他数据线电连接的像素单元电连接。如图2所示的本实施例中,对于第1条数据线,其依次电连接于像素矩阵的第1行的第1个像素单元,第3行的第1个像素单元,……,第M行的第1个像素单元(当M为奇数时)。
在本申请的其他实施例中,数据线与像素单元的连接形式还可以如图3(a)和(b)所示。在图3(a)中,第n条数据线依次电连接于像素矩阵的第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m和n均为正整数。在图3(b)中,第n条数据线依次电连接于像素矩阵的第2m-1行的第n个像素单元,第2m行的第n-1个像素单元,第2m+1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m+2行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。
采用具有上述形式的阵列基板制成液晶显示面板,无需在CF基板上设置黑矩阵,能够提高像素单元的开口率,进而提高液晶显示面板的亮度,改善液晶显示的效果。下面给出与上述液晶显示面板相配合的驱动方法,该方法能够消除垂直串扰,进一步提升画质。
液晶显示面板的驱动方法包括,在同一帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动任意相邻的两列像素单元,在任意连续的两帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动同一列像素单元。具体的,在显示一帧画面时,以正极性(或负极性)的驱动信号驱动多条数据线中的全部奇数列,以负极性(或正极性)的驱动信号驱动多条数据线中的全部偶数列。在显示该帧画面的下一帧画面时,以负极性(或正极性)的驱动信号驱动多条数据线中的全部奇数列,以正极性(或负极性)的驱动信号驱动多条数据线中的全部偶数列。其中,正极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压高于公共电极的电压的信号,负极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压低于公共电极的电压的信号。
图4为采用上述驱动方法驱动液晶显示面板时得到的显示一帧画面时的像素电极上的电压的极性分布示意图,其中,数据线与像素电极的连接方式如图2或图3(a)所示。进一步在图4中,上述驱动方式可以使每帧画面中任意两个行相邻以及列相邻的像素电极的极性相反。而当列方向上两个相邻的像素电极的极性相反时,数据线与像素电极之间的寄生电容的耦合作用会互相抵消,进而减轻垂直串扰。下面结合图5和图6来说明上述驱动方法所能实现的显示效果。
图5为垂直串扰产生的原理示意图,串扰是指液晶显示器在显示某些特殊画面时某一区域的画面会影响到另一区域的画面的现象。如图5所示,在灰色背景(灰度为128灰阶)中间显示一块白色区域B(灰度为255灰阶),则在直线1处,灰色背景从显示效果上可分成三个区域ACD。其中,中间白色区域B的像素电极上的高电位通过数据线与像素电极之间的寄生电容的电容耦合作用将区域A和区域D的部分像素电极上的电压拉高,进而使区域A和区域D同区域C显示的亮度不一致,发生垂直串扰。
当以图6(a)所示的现有技术中的驱动方式显示上述画面时,直线1处的多个像素单元的灰阶电压根据其显示的灰度的不同而不同。其中施加于像素电极上的电压分为三段,两端的区域A和区域D的灰阶为128的电压较低,而中间段区域B的灰阶为255的电压较高,施加于公共电极上的电压Vcom为常数。当某个或某些像素电极上的电压发生改变时,由于数据线与多个像素电极之间的多个寄生电容满足电荷守恒原理,因此包含该像素电极的像素单元周围的其他像素单元会分担这个变化,即该像素单元周围的其他像素单元无法显示设定的灰阶。
采用本申请实施例中的驱动方式显示上述画面时,每帧画面中任意两个行相邻以及列相邻的像素电极的极性相反,因此直线1处的多个像素单元的灰阶电压是正负极***替出现的,如图6(b)所示,像素电极上的电压正负交替,且它们与公共电极上的电压的差值的绝对值相等,施加于公共电极上的电压Vcom为常数。当某个或某些像素电极上的电压发生改变时,引发的数据线上的电压的变化是相反的,可以相互抵消,进而会降低包含该像素电极的像素单元对周围的其他像素单元的影响,能够降低数据线与像素电极间的电容耦合作用,减轻垂直串扰,提升画质。
虽然本发明所揭露的实施方式如上,但所述的内容只是为了便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式,并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属技术领域内的技术人员,在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下,可以在实施的形式上及细节上作任何的修改与变化,但本发明的专利保护范围,仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种阵列基板,包括:
多个像素单元,所述像素单元排布成具有行列形式的像素矩阵;
多条数据线,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的内部,且每条数据线能够同时驱动沿列方向的多个像素单元,其中,
与位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元分别位于所述像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,以设置于阵列基板上的公共电极层遮挡所述多个像素单元之间的间隙以防止漏光。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的中心位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m与n均为正整数。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m行的第n-1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的多条数据线中的第n条数据线依次电连接于所述像素矩阵第2m-1行的第n个像素单元、第2m行的第n-1个像素单元、第2m+1行的第n个像素单元以及第2m+2行的第n+1个像素单元,其中m为正整数,n为大于1的正整数。
7.一种液晶显示面板,包括:
阵列基板,所述阵列基板包括:
多个像素单元,所述像素单元排布成具有行列形式的像素矩阵;
多条数据线,所述数据线贯穿设置于各像素单元的内部,且每条数据线能够同时驱动沿列方向的多个像素单元,其中,
与位于所述像素矩阵边界的数据线内侧的每条数据线依次电连接的两个像素单元分别位于所述像素矩阵相邻的行与相邻的列上。
8.一种如权利要求7所述的液晶显示面板的驱动方法,包括:
在同一帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动任意相邻的两列像素单元;
在任意连续的两帧画面的显示中,分别以不同极性的驱动信号驱动同一列像素单元。
9.根据权利要求8所述的驱动方法,其特征在于,
在显示一帧画面时,以正极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的奇数列,以负极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的偶数列;
在显示该帧画面的下一帧画面时,以负极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的奇数列,以正极性的驱动信号驱动所述多条数据线的偶数列。
10.根据权利要求9所述的驱动方法,其特征在于,所述正极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压高于公共电极的电压的信号,所述负极性的驱动信号为施加于像素电极的电压低于公共电极的电压的信号。
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WO2017063239A1 (zh) | 2017-04-20 |
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CN105182647B (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
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