CN105165369B - A kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165369B CN105165369B CN201510663002.3A CN201510663002A CN105165369B CN 105165369 B CN105165369 B CN 105165369B CN 201510663002 A CN201510663002 A CN 201510663002A CN 105165369 B CN105165369 B CN 105165369B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method, belongs to field of plant cultivation, comprise the following steps that：Including cultivating one 1.8 meters of upright trunk, 18 24cm are cultivated respectively on trunk two main stems；The upright trunk switchs to the horizontal-extending horizontal trunk, the trunk top or so for continuously forming one section 2 meters long, and mitogenetic two main stems, all main stems are in same level again；Using the tree-like construction method of this grape, tree-like trunk is located at side, and two row's result main stems can occupy larger space, is advantageous to vineyard and implements do mechanization operation and sightseeing, while improves yield than row's main stem result；This tree-like trunk and the spatially extended length of main stem, contribute to the tree vigo(u)r of the vigorous kind of slow growth, reduce summer management workload；This tree-like bearing basal shoot position is impartial, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and setting fruit position is homogeneous, greatly improves fruit quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method.
Background technology
The tree-like dense planting substantially centered on yield is tree-like used by China's vinegrowing for a long time, such as hedge frame
More main stems are fan-shaped or Y shape, the imperial form of frame etc., these tree-like setting fruit positions disperse, it is upper and lower or it is front and rear have, fruit maturity
It is obvious with the heterogeneous sex differernce of quality, and fruit interacts distribution with young sprout, causes the management effects such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control poor.
With the scale of vinegrowing area and management standardization, ' T ' shape of the tree-like such as hedge frame of standardization, ' factory ' shape,
Have become production on promote mainly it is tree-like；On frame, the direct motion promoted at present high ' factory ' or fall ' L ' it is tree-like solve fruit ear and
The problem of young sprout mixes, but weak point is that yield is relatively low；The tree-like trunk of ' H ' shape that south is promoted is located at center, as gallery
Machinery is hindered to walk.More poverty-stricken, with significantly riseing for labor shortage and cost of labor, scale vineyard is compeled
It is essential and wants mechanization, but the line-spacing in vineyard is generally partially narrow at present, and wardrobe are that radius of gyration is generally less than normal, especially for soil
The vineyard of shortage of resources, it is allowed to vacate the bulk edge of a field beyond affordability；And in existing publication, substantially it is above-mentioned
Optimize and improve on the basis of tree-like, it is difficult to overcome the defects of above-mentioned, and exploitativeness is bad, it is difficult to widely pushed away
Wide and application.
With economic development and the improvement of people's living standards, leisure health industry is fast-developing, sightseeing grape-picking garden
Rise like the mushrooms after rain, grape chateau also develops towards comprehensive direction, therefore vineyard will not only provide physical product, also
There is provided rural area environment attractive in appearance and clean, it is therefore desirable to which larger line-spacing and more gallery are roamed leisurely for visitor, how to be met
Insoluble problem when turning into present vinegrowing of stating various requirement.
The content of the invention
For blank existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of grape is tree-like and its construction method, specific steps
It is as follows：Including cultivating one 1.8 meters of upright trunk, 18-24cm is cultivated respectively on trunk two main stems；It is described upright main
It is dry switch to it is horizontal-extending continuously form one section of 2 meters of long trunk, the trunk top or so mitogenetic two main stems again, at all main stems
In same level；Using the tree-like construction method of this grape, tree-like trunk is located at side, two row's result main stems can occupy compared with
Large space, be advantageous to vineyard and implement do mechanization operation and sightseeing, while yield is improved than row's main stem result；This tree-like master
The dry and spatially extended length of main stem, contribute to the tree vigo(u)r of the vigorous kind of slow growth, reduce summer management workload；This tree-like result
Female branch position is impartial, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and setting fruit position is homogeneous, greatly improves fruit quality.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is：
Inventor provide firstly that a kind of brand-new grape is tree-like, and the tree-like specific composition is as follows：
Include the upright trunk of a 1.8-2 rice, 18-24cm has cultivated two main stems respectively on trunk；It is described upright
Trunk continues to extend horizontally away one section 2 meters long of horizontal trunk, the trunk top or so mitogenetic two main stems again；General all masters
It is climing to be in same level；Spacing in the rows between two neighboring upright trunk is 2-4 rice, line-spacing 4-5 rice.
Above-mentioned tree-like all young sprouts are vertical and horizontal-extending with main stem, and fruit ear is respectively positioned on straight line, from space
See, similar 90 degree of bendings of Chinese character ' dry ', or combined respectively by upright ' T ' shape and level ' T ' shape.With existing skill
Tree-like in art is very different, and use it is this it is tree-like after, tree-like trunk is located at side, two row's result main stems can occupy compared with
Large space, be advantageous to vineyard and implement do mechanization operation and sightseeing, while yield is improved than row's main stem result；This tree-like master
The dry and spatially extended length of main stem, contribute to the tree vigo(u)r of the vigorous kind of slow growth, reduce summer management workload；This tree-like result
Female branch position is impartial, and young sprout is evenly distributed, and setting fruit position is homogeneous, greatly improves fruit quality.
It is as follows that inventor provides the tree-like construction method simultaneously：
1. kind of plant selection of seedling and field planting
Using one-level grape nursery stock, it is desirable to which well developed root system, for branch base portion rugosity in more than 0.7cm, it is 4-5 to cut and stay joint number
Section, the full stalwartness of eye；Grafting stock is highly more than 30cm, and graft union heals completely.Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, no disease pest
Evil；Wardrobe are planted in along grape row, in column；
2. cultivate trunk and main stem
In First Year spring, healthy nursery stock is colonized, a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth is retained after germination, when length reaches 1.8-
Pinching at 2 meters, retain terminal bud sublateral shoot continued growth, cultivate as horizontal trunk；The horizontal bondage life of its time or so two sublateral shoot direct motions
It is long, cultivate and erased for the first row main stem, other sublateral shoots；It can also retain a sublateral shoot more if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous and extend forward,
Two sublateral shoots are collectively forming horizontal trunk；All young sprout early in August pinching acceleratings；Reach 0.8cm in all branch diameters when winter cuts
Locate cutting back；
Second Year：The vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reaches apart from 2 meters of the first row main stem i.e. using horizontal trunk
Cultivate the second row i.e. the 3rd, 4 articles of main stems；Tree vigo(u)r deficiency can keep level trunk terminal bud continue horizontal growth until distance first
Pinching at 2 meters of row main stem, select its lower two sublateral shoot along wire drawing left and right horizontal bondage, cultivate as the second row main stem, in horizon bar its
Remaining young sprout, which is erased, not to be stayed；The pinching when adjacent two plants of main stem docking；
3. the culture of bearing basal shoot
Determine the tip apart from bud picking according to 15-20cm in main stem, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth；When front and rear two
Pinching is trimmed when arranging young sprout handing-over；Treelet can stay that a piece of sublateral shoot leaf is without offspring, and Cheng Lingshu does not retain sublateral shoot leaf；Big portion during winter pruning
Graded kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, the bearing basal shoot as next year；So far tree-like culture is completed.
By above-mentioned breeding method, it can obtain that vine of the present invention is tree-like, and whole process is more in a short time
Simply, it is adapted to preferably promote and utilize.
In summary, tree-like cultural method corresponding with its provided by the invention has than prior art greatly changes
Enter, it is this it is tree-like be more suitable for do mechanization operation and go sightseeing to apply, and have for yield viny and fruit quality larger
Improve.
Brief description of the drawings
Structural representation when Fig. 1 is tree-like field planting of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is tree-like structural representation of the present invention；
1 is upright trunk in figure, and 2 be horizontal trunk, and 3,4,5 and 6 be main stem, and 7 be young sprout.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of brand-new grape is tree-like, and the tree-like specific composition is as follows：
Include the upright trunk 1 of a 1.8-2 rice, 18-24cm has cultivated two main stems 3 and 6 respectively on trunk 1；Institute
State upright trunk 1 and continue to extend horizontally away one section 2 meters long of horizontal trunk 2, the trunk top or so mitogenetic two Hes of main stem 4 again
5；
The Chinese character " dry " of an overall tree-like similar bending, " dry " word lower part is upright trunk, above two it is horizontal be water
Flat main stem, it is horizontal trunk between two horizontal strokes；Spacing in the rows between two neighboring upright trunk is 2-4 rice, line-spacing 4-5 rice.
General all main stems are substantially in same level, and young sprout 7 is respectively positioned in main stem, spacing 15-20cm, young sprout
Pinching length 1.8-2m, 45-50 piece leaf, load capacity are controlled in 1500kg
A kind of tree-like construction method of the brand-new grape of embodiment 2
1. kind of plant selection of seedling and field planting
Using one-level grape nursery stock, it is desirable to which well developed root system, for branch base portion rugosity in more than 0.7cm, it is 4-5 to cut and stay joint number
Section, the full stalwartness of eye；Grafting stock is highly more than 30cm, and graft union heals completely.Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, no disease pest
Evil；Wardrobe are planted in along grape row, in column；
2. cultivate trunk and main stem
In First Year spring, healthy nursery stock is colonized, a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth is retained after germination, when length reaches 1.8-
Pinching at 2 meters, retain terminal bud sublateral shoot continued growth, cultivate as horizontal trunk；The horizontal bondage life of its time or so two sublateral shoot direct motions
It is long, cultivate and erased for the first row main stem, other sublateral shoots；It can also retain a sublateral shoot more if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous and extend forward,
Two sublateral shoots are collectively forming horizontal trunk；All young sprout early in August pinching acceleratings；Reach 0.8cm in all branch diameters when winter cuts
Locate cutting back；
Second Year：The vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reaches apart from 2 meters of the first row main stem i.e. using horizontal trunk
Cultivate the second row i.e. the 3rd, 4 articles of main stems；Tree vigo(u)r deficiency can keep level trunk terminal bud continue horizontal growth until distance first
Pinching at 2 meters of row main stem, select its lower two sublateral shoot along wire drawing left and right horizontal bondage, cultivate as the second row main stem, in horizon bar its
Remaining young sprout, which is erased, not to be stayed；The pinching when adjacent two plants of main stem docking；
3. the culture of bearing basal shoot
Determine the tip apart from bud picking according to 15-20cm in main stem, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth；When front and rear two
Pinching is trimmed when arranging young sprout handing-over；Treelet can stay that a piece of sublateral shoot leaf is without offspring, and Cheng Lingshu does not retain sublateral shoot leaf；Big portion during winter pruning
Graded kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, the bearing basal shoot as next year；So far tree-like culture is completed.
Tree-like using this, inventor is tested more in Jining of Shandong Province, Tai'an etc., controls two neighboring upright trunk
Between line-spacing be 2-4 rice, employ the tree-like annual healthy and strong nursery stock in more prosperous grape variety Moldova, form trunk within 1 year
Tree-like, Second Year starts result, and fruitful branch is balanced consistent, fruit ear proper alignment, and percent rate of high quality fruit is up to more than 90%.Far above existing
It is tree-like, and be more suitable for do mechanization operation and go sightseeing to apply.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. tree-like construction method of grape, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps that：（1）Plant selection of seedling and field plantingUsing one-level grape nursery stock, it is desirable to which well developed root system, branch base portion rugosity are cut and stay joint number to be saved for 4-5 in more than 0.7cm, bud The full stalwartness of eye；Grafting stock is highly more than 30cm, and graft union heals completely；Nursery stock has no mechanical damage, no disease and pests harm；It is suitable Grape row is planted in wardrobe, in column；（2）Cultivate trunk and main stemIn First Year spring, healthy nursery stock is colonized, a healthy and strong young sprout vertical growth is retained after germination, when length reaches 1.8-2 rice When pinching, retain terminal bud sublateral shoot continued growth, cultivate as horizontal trunk；The horizontal bondage growth of its time or so two sublateral shoot direct motions, Cultivate and erased for the first row main stem, other sublateral shoots；One sublateral shoot of more reservations extends forward if tree vigo(u)r is vigorous, two sublateral shoots It is collectively forming horizontal trunk；All young sprout early in August pinching acceleratings；Reach cutting back at 0.8cm in all branch diameters when winter cuts；Second Year：The vigorous varietal level trunk of tree vigo(u)r reaches apart from 2 meters of the first row main stem i.e. using horizontal trunk culture Second row is the 3rd, 4 article of main stem；The keep level trunk terminal bud of tree vigo(u)r deficiency continues horizontal growth until apart from the first row main stem 2 Pinching at rice, its lower two sublateral shoot being selected along wire drawing left and right horizontal bondage, being cultivated as the second row main stem, remaining young sprout is equal in horizon bar Erase and do not stay；The pinching when adjacent two plants of main stem docking；（3）The culture of bearing basal shootDetermine the tip apart from bud picking according to 15-20cm in main stem, and keep young sprout to same direction horizontal growth；When front two rows is new Pinching is trimmed when the tip joins；Treelet then stays a piece of sublateral shoot leaf without offspring, does not retain sublateral shoot leaf into age tree；It is most of during winter pruning Kind young sprout retains a bud cutting back pruning, the bearing basal shoot as next year；So far tree-like culture is completed；Wherein described young sprout Cultivated objective is identical with horizontal trunk, spacing 15-20cm, Tipping length 1.8-2m, 45-50 Piece leaf, load capacity are controlled in 1500kg.
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| CN105165369B true CN105165369B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106358967A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-01 | 铜仁市万山区米贡山高效农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for improving quality of grape |
| CN107343459A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-14 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | A kind of method for changing facility grape posture and raising labour efficiency |
| CN107484606B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-06-05 | 四川华朴现代农业股份有限公司 | Shaping method for cultivating young kiwi fruit trees |
| CN107371822B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2020-04-14 | 志昌智慧农业科技股份有限公司 | Landscape grape big tree culture method |
| CN107494006A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 宁涛 | A kind of grape pruning method |
| CN107593256B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2020-05-12 | 北京市延庆区葡萄及葡萄酒产业促进中心 | Culture method of VF-shaped tree form of greenhouse grapes |
| CN107750808A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of method of grape shaping and trimming |
| CN110800539B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-12 | 河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所 | Branch culture method for promoting apple seedlings to fruit in advance |
| CN113039994B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-10-14 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Pruning method and management mode for grape with double main tendrils collected from fruit leaves |
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| WO2006059683A1 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Breweries, Ltd. | Plant growth controller |
| CN103120111B (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-12-10 | 新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method suitable for northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation |
| CN103843639B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-05-25 | 安徽农业大学 | Tree-like and the pruning method of a kind of cross double-T grape |
| CN104160911B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-04-27 | 三都水族自治县葡萄研究所 | Crystal grape hillside fields TU shape pruning technique |
| CN104206226B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-08-24 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of liquor-saturated gold tree-like breeding method of preserved fragrant grape high quality fruit |
| CN104920090B (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2017-05-24 | 山东省果树研究所 | Double-layer horizontal arm shaped fruit tree form and tree form shaping method |
| CN104871925A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-02 | 安顺市平坝时尚果蔬专业合作社 | Pruning method for grape cultivation |
| CN104838956A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-08-19 | 舒长青 | Kiwi fruit ultra-dwarf trunk cutting and high-yield cultivation method under greenhouse frame |
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